Segestriidae

Female Ariadna dysderina, copyright S. Pearson.

Belongs within: Basalhaplogynae.

The Segestriidae are a cosmopolitan group of spiders that construct tubular retreats from the mouth of which extend trip-lines. They have a fairly elongate body form, with the carapace and abdomen each longer than wide. The third pair of legs is held directed forwards alongside the first two pairs, with only the fourth pair directed rearwards (Jocqué & Dippenaar-Schoeman 2007).

Characters (from Jocqué & Dippenaar-Schoeman 2007): Medium-sized; six eyes present in two rows, with lateral eyes contiguous, posterior median eyes closely grouped; legs with three tarsal claws; third pair of legs directed forwards; posterior tracheal spiracles far forward, just behind booklung slits; ecribellate; haplogyne; female palpal claw turned inwards over almost 90°.

<==Segestriidae [Segestriinae]
    |--Gippsicola Hogg 1900 PVD10
    |--Segestria Latreille 1804 PVD10
    |    |--*S. florentina (Rossi 1790) [=Aranea florentina; incl. A. perfida, Segestria perfida] C01
    |    |--S. cristata Menge 1854 S93
    |    |--S. cylindrica Koch & Berendt 1854 S93
    |    |--S. elongata Koch & Berendt 1854 S93
    |    |--S. exarata Menge 1854 S93
    |    |--S. nana Koch & Berendt 1854 S93
    |    |--S. plicata Petrunkevitch 1950 S93
    |    |--S. pusilla Menge 1854 S93
    |    |--S. saeva Walckenaer 1837 PVD10
    |    |--S. senoculata (Linnaeus 1758) K55 [=Aranea senoculata C01]
    |    |--S. succinei Berland 1939 S93
    |    |--S. tomentosa Koch & Berendt 1854 S93
    |    `--S. undulata Menge 1854 S93
    `--Ariadna Audouin 1826 PVD10
         |--A. barbigera Simon 1905 PVD10
         |--A. bellatoria de Dalmas 1917 PVD10
         |--A. bicolor JD-S07
         |--A. boesenbergi R14
         |--A. burcheli Hogg 1900 [=Macedonia burcheli] M54
         |--A. decatetracantha Main 1954 M54
         |--A. dysderina M54
         |--A. fidicina BS09
         |--A. maxima R14
         |--A. mollis R14
         |--A. montana Rainbow 1920 M54
         |--A. natalis Pocock 1900 FT08
         |--A. octospinata Lamb 1911 [=Macedonia octospinata] M54
         |--A. segmentata Simon 1908 M54
         |--A. septemcincta (Urquhart 1891) PVD10
         `--A. thyrianthina Simon 1908 M54

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[BS09] Blackledge, T. A., N. Scharff, J. A. Coddington, T. Szüts, J. W. Wenzel, C. Y. Hayashi & I. Agnarsson. 2009. Reconstructing web evolution and spider diversification in the molecular era. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 106 (13): 5229–5234.

[C01] Cambridge, F. O. P. 1901. A revision of the genera of the Araneae or spiders with reference to their type species. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, series 7, 7: 51–65.

[FT08] Framenau, V. W., & M. L. Thomas. 2008. Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of Christmas Island (Indian Ocean): identification and distribution. Records of the Western Australian Museum 25 (1): 45–85.

[JD-S07] Jocqué, R., & A. S. Dippenaar-Schoeman. 2007. Spider Families of the World. Royal Museum for Central Africa: Tervuren (Belgium).

[K55] Kraus, O. 1955. Spinnen von Korsika, Sardinien und Elba (Arach., Araneae). Senckenbergiana Biologica 36: 371–394.

[M54] Main, B. Y. 1954. Spiders and Opiliones. In: Willis, J. H. (ed.) The Archipelago of the Recherche pp. 37–53. Australian Geographical Society: Melbourne.

[PVD10] Paquin, P., C. J. Vink & N. Dupérré. 2010. Spiders of New Zealand: annotated family key and species list. Manaaki Whenua Press: Lincoln (New Zealand).

[R14] Ramírez, M. J. 2014. The morphology and phylogeny of dionychan spiders (Araneae: Araneomorphae). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 390: 1–374.

[S93] Selden, P. A. 1993. Arthropoda (Aglaspidida, Pycnogonida and Chelicerata). In: Benton, M. J. (ed.) The Fossil Record 2 pp. 297–320. Chapman & Hall: London.

Last updated: 26 January 2022.