Heliotropioideae

Garden heliotrope Heliotropium arborescens, copyright Aleksandrs Balodis.

Belongs within: Boraginaceae.

The Heliotropioideae are a group of flowering plants in which the flowers have a terminal style with a conical stigmatic head having a basal ring-shaped stigma and sterile apex.

<==Heliotropioideae [Heliotropiaceae]
    |--Ixorhea T00
    |--Nogalia T00
    `--Heliotropium LC02
         |--H. aenigmatum LK14
         |--H. albiflorum CV06
         |--H. ammophilum KM08
         |--H. amplexicaule Vahl. 1794 (see below for synonymy) BR65
         |--H. apertum LK14
         |--H. arborescens OA02 [incl. H. peruvianum BR65]
         |--H. asperrimum BR65
         |--H. brachythrix LK14
         |--H. conocarpum LK14
         |--H. convolvulaceum H93
         |    |--H. c. var. convolvulaceum H93
         |    `--H. c. var. californicum H93
         |--H. cunninghamii LK14
         |--H. curassavicum [incl. H. curassavicum var. oculatum] H93
         |--H. dichotomum LK14
         |--H. discorde LK14
         |--H. europaeum BR65
         |--H. filaginoides BR65
         |--H. foliatum LK14
         |--H. galioides LK14
         |--H. glabellum LK14
         |--H. heteranthum [=H. filaginoides var. heteranthum] BR65
         |--H. indicum P03 [=Heliophytum indicum C55b]
         |--H. lasiocarpum LC02 [=H. europaeum var. lasiocarpum PP07]
         |--H. leptaleum LK14
         |--H. marifolium PP07
         |    |--H. m. var. marifolium PP07
         |    `--H. m. var. wallichii PP07
         |--H. messerschmidioides LC02
         |--H. microsalsoloides LK14
         |--H. muelleri LK14
         |--H. nesopelydum LK14
         |--H. ovalifolium BR65
         |--H. paniculatum LK14
         |--H. peckhamii LK14
         |--H. protensum LK14
         |--H. ramosissimum C55a
         |--H. ramulipatens LK14
         |--H. rariflorum PP07
         |--H. strigosum PP07
         |    |--H. s. ssp. strigosum PP07
         |    `--H. s. ssp. brevifolium PP07
         |--H. subulatum PP07
         |--H. supinum BR65
         |--H. tenuifolium BR65
         |--H. undulatum BR65
         |--H. ventricosum LK14
         `--H. zeylanicum PP07

Heliotropium amplexicaule Vahl. 1794 [incl. H. anchusifolium Poiret 1813, Cochranea anchusifolia, Tournefortia heliotropioides] BR65

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[BR65] Black, J. M., & E. L. Robertson. 1965. Flora of South Australia. Part IV. Oleaceae–Compositae. W. L. Hawes, Government Printer: Adelaide.

[C55a] Candolle, A. de. 1855a. Géographie Botanique Raisonée: Ou exposition des faits principaux et des lois concernant la distribution géographique des plantes de l’époque actuelle vol. 1. Librairie de Victor Masson: Paris.

[C55b] Candolle, A. de. 1855b. Géographie Botanique Raisonée: Ou exposition des faits principaux et des lois concernant la distribution géographique des plantes de l’époque actuelle vol. 2. Librairie de Victor Masson: Paris.

[CV06] Craven, P., & P. Vorster. 2006. Patterns of plant diversity and endemism in Namibia. Bothalia 36 (2): 175–189.

[H93] Hickman, J. C. (ed.) 1993. The Jepson Manual: Higher Plants of California. University of California Press: Berkeley (California).

[KM08] Keighery, G. J., & W. Muir. 2008. Vegetation and vascular flora of Faure Island, Shark Bay, Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 75: 11–19.

[LC02] Långström, E., & M. W. Chase. 2002. Tribes of Boraginoideae (Boraginaceae) and placement of Antiphytum, Echiochilon, Ogastemma and Sericostoma: a phylogenetic analysis based on atpB plastid DNA sequence data. Plant Systematics and Evolution 234: 137–153.

[LK14] Lyons, M. N., G. J. Keighery, L. A. Gibson & T. Handasyde. 2014. Flora and vegetation communities of selected islands off the Kimberley coast of Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 81: 205–244.

[OA02] Ochoa, J. A., & L. E. Acosta. 2002. Orobothriurus atiquipa, a new bothriurid species (Scorpiones) from Lomas in southern Peru. Journal of Arachnology 30: 98–103.

[P03] Paul, T. K. 2003. Botanical observations on the Purulia pumped storage hydropower project area, Bagmundi Hills, Purulia district, West Bengal. Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India 45: 121–142.

[PP07] Pandey, R. P., & P. M. Padhye. 2007. Studies on phytodiversity of Arid Machia Safari Park-Kailana in Jodhpur (Rajasthan). Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India 49: 15–78.

[T00] Thorne, R. F. 2000. The classification and geography of the flowering plants: dicotyledons of the class Angiospermae (subclasses Magnoliidae, Ranunculidae, Caryophyllidae, Dilleniidae, Rosidae, Asteridae, and Lamiidae). The Botanical Review 66: 441–647.

Jasminoideae

Common jasmine Jasminum officinale, photographed by Javier Martin.

Belongs within: Lamiales.

The Jasminoideae are a group of oleaceous plants with ascending ovules, generally with a differing number than two ovules per locule.

<==Jasminoideae [Jasmineae]
    |--Nyctanthes arbor-tristis T00, J07
    |--Menodora H85
    |    |--M. scabra H93
    |    |--M. scoparia H93
    |    `--M. spinescens H93
    |--Notelaea C08
    |    |--N. linearis C08
    |    |--N. longifolia B00a
    |    `--N. microcarpa C08
    `--Jasminum LC02
         |--J. aculeatum K03
         |--J. aemulum B00b
         |--J. arborescens J07
         |--J. calcareum KM08
         |--J. didymum LK14
         |--J. elongatum LK14
         |--J. fluminense SK02
         |--J. fruticans C55
         |--J. humile SN88
         |    |--J. h. f. humile SN88
         |    `--J. h. f. pubigerum SN88
         |--J. lineare BR65
         |--J. molle LK14
         |--J. nudiflorum MS10
         |--J. officinale R-CT01
         |--J. polyanthum LC02
         `--J. volubile NC91

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[BR65] Black, J. M., & E. L. Robertson. 1965. Flora of South Australia. Part IV. Oleaceae–Compositae. W. L. Hawes, Government Printer: Adelaide.

[B00a] Braby, M. F. 2000a. Butterflies of Australia: their identification, biology and distribution vol. 1. CSIRO Publishing: Collingwood (Victoria).

[B00b] Braby, M. F. 2000b. Butterflies of Australia: their identification, biology and distribution vol. 2. CSIRO Publishing: Collingwood (Victoria).

[C08] Cambage, R. H. 1908. Notes on the native flora of New South Wales. Part VI. Deepwater to Torrington and Emmaville. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 33 (1): 45–65, pls 1–2.

[C55] Candolle, A. de. 1855. Géographie Botanique Raisonée: Ou exposition des faits principaux et des lois concernant la distribution géographique des plantes de l’époque actuelle vol. 1. Librairie de Victor Masson: Paris.

[H85] Heads, M. 1985. On the nature of ancestors. Systematic Zoology 34 (2): 205–215.

[H93] Hickman, J. C. (ed.) 1993. The Jepson Manual: Higher Plants of California. University of California Press: Berkeley (California).

[J07] Jadhav, D. 2007. Ethno-medicinal plants used by Bhil tribe of Matrunda, district Ratlam, Madhya Pradesh, India. Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India 49: 203–206.

[KM08] Keighery, G. J., & W. Muir. 2008. Vegetation and vascular flora of Faure Island, Shark Bay, Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 75: 11–19.

[K03] Kulip, J. 2003. An ethnobotanical survey of medicinal and other useful plants of Muruts in Sabah, Malaysia. Telopea 10 (1): 81–98.

[LC02] Långström, E., & M. W. Chase. 2002. Tribes of Boraginoideae (Boraginaceae) and placement of Antiphytum, Echiochilon, Ogastemma and Sericostoma: a phylogenetic analysis based on atpB plastid DNA sequence data. Plant Systematics and Evolution 234: 137–153.

[LK14] Lyons, M. N., G. J. Keighery, L. A. Gibson & T. Handasyde. 2014. Flora and vegetation communities of selected islands off the Kimberley coast of Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 81: 205–244.

[MS10] Moore, M. J., P. S. Soltis, C. D. Bell, J. G. Burleigh & D. E. Soltis. 2010. Phylogenetic analysis of 83 plastid genes further resolves the early diversification of eudicots. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 107 (10): 4623–4628.

[NC91] Nielsen, E. S., & I. F. B. Common. 1991. Lepidoptera (moths and butterflies). In: CSIRO. The Insects of Australia: A textbook for students and research workers 2^nd ed. vol. 2 pp. 817–915. Melbourne University Press: Carlton (Victoria).

[R-CT01] Ragusa-di Chiara, S., & H. Tsolakis. 2001. Phytoseiid faunas of natural and agricultural ecosystems in Sicily. In: Halliday, R. B., D. E. Walter, H. C. Proctor, R. A. Norton & M. J. Colloff (eds) Acarology: Proceedings of the 10^th International Congress pp. 522–529. CSIRO Publishing: Melbourne.

[SK02] Struwe, L., J. W. Kadereit, J. Klackenberg, S. Nilsson, M. Thiv, K. B. von Hagen & V. A. Albert. 2002. Systematics, character evolution, and biogeography of Gentianaceae, including a new tribal and subtribal classification. In: Struwe, L., & V. A. Albert (eds) Gentianaceae: Systematics and Natural History pp. 21–309. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge.

[SN88] Suzuki, M., & S. Noshiro. 1988. Wood structure of Himalayan plants. In: Ohba, H., & S. B. Malla (eds). The Himalayan Plants vol. 1. The University Museum, University of Tokyo, Bulletin 31: 341–379.

[T00] Thorne, R. F. 2000. The classification and geography of the flowering plants: dicotyledons of the class Angiospermae (subclasses Magnoliidae, Ranunculidae, Caryophyllidae, Dilleniidae, Rosidae, Asteridae, and Lamiidae). The Botanical Review 66: 441–647.

Hebe

Hebe rakaiensis, copyright Alan Pascoe.

Belongs within: Veronica.

Hebe is a commonly-recognised genus of shrubs and small trees found in Australasia and South America, with the greatest diversity of species in New Zealand. Recent phylogenetic analyses have indicated that Hebe is nested within a paraphyletic genus Veronica, suggesting that it may be better treated as a synonym of the latter.

Characters (from Allan 1961): Evergreen shrubs or small trees with leaves opposite, usually entire though often toothed in seedling, rarely showing veins other than midrib. Flowers in axillary or terminal racemes or spikes, inflorescences sometimes compound. Calyx usually deeply and almost equally four-lobed, fifth lobe when present usually smaller. Corolla short- or long-tubed, with four subequal spreading lobes. Stamens 2, anthers held above tube. Style long, stigma capitate. Capsule dehiscing by sagittal splitting of septem and each carpel opening by distal median suture through septal wall and in varying degrees also through locule wall; septum usually across widest diameter and capsule more or less dorsally compressed; seeds usually flattened and smooth.

<==Hebe Jussieu 1789 AM-O04
    |--H. × affinis (Cheeseman) Cockayne & Allan 1926 (see below for synonymy) A61
    |--H. × angustisala Cockayne & Allan 1926 [H. angustifolia × H. salicifolia] CA26
    |--H. × balfouriana (Hooker) Cockayne 1929 [=Veronica balfouriana Hooker 1897; H. pimeleoides × H. vernicosa] A61
    |--H. × carsei (Petrie) Cockayne 1929 [=Veronica carsei Petrie 1924; H. stricta × H. venustula] A61
    |--H. × dartonii (Petrie) Cockayne 1929 [=Veronica dartoni Petrie 1924; H. pimeleoides × H. salicifolia] A61
    |--‘Veronica’ × edinensis Lindsay 1910 [Hebe hectori × H. pimeleoides] A61
    |--H. × erecta (Kirk) Cockayne 1929 [=Veronica erecta Kirk 1896; H. pimeleoides × H. salicifolia] A61
    |--H. × kirkii (Armstrong) Cockayne & Allan 1926 (see below for synonymy) A61
    |--H. × laevastoni Cockayne & Allan 1926 [H. astoni × H. laevis] CA26
    |--H. × laevisala Cockayne & Allan 1926 [H. laevis × H. salicifolia] CA26
    |--H. macrantha (Hooker) Cockayne & Allan 1926 A61 [=Veronica macrantha Hooker 1864 A61, Parahebe macrantha BG-J01]
    |    |--H. m. var. macrantha A61 [=H. m. var. vera Cockayne & Allan 1926 CA26]
    |    `--H. m. var. brachyphylla (Cheeseman) Cockayne & Allan 1926 (see below for synonymy) A61
    |--H. × macrosala Cockayne & Allan 1926 [H. macrocarpa × H. salicifolia] CA26
    |--‘Veronica × myrtifolia’ Lindsay 1910 (see below for synonymy) A61
    |--Apertae group A61
    |    |--H. elliptica (Forster) Pennell 1921 (see below for synonymy) A61
    |    |    |--H. e. var. elliptica A61
    |    |    |--H. e. var. crassifolia Cockayne & Allan 1926 A61
    |    |    `--‘Veronica’ e. var. decussata C55 [=V. decussata Sol. in Ait. 1789 A61]
    |    |--H. × amabilis (Cheeseman) Cockayne & Allan 1926 (see below for synonymy) A61
    |    |--H. × andersonii (Lindl. & Paxt.) Cockayne 1929 (see below for synonymy) A61
    |    |--H. × blanda (Cheeseman) Pennell 1921 (see below for synonymy) A61
    |    |--H. corriganii Carse 1930 A61
    |    |--H. × divergens (Cheeseman) Cockayne 1929 (see below for synonymy) A61
    |    |--H. × ellipsala Cockayne & Allan 1926 [H. elliptica × H. salicifolia] CA26
    |    |--H. × franciscana H93 (see below for synonymy)
    |    |--H. gracillima (Kirk) Cockayne & Allan 1926 (see below for synonymy) A61
    |    |--H. salicifolia (Forster) Pennell 1921 A61 (see below for synonymy)
    |    |--H. speciosa (Cunningham) Cockayne & Allan 1926 (see below for synonymy) A61
    |    `--H. townsonii (Cheeseman) Cockayne & Allan 1926 (see below for synonymy) A61
    |--Buxifoliatae group A61
    |    |--H. masoniae BK04 [=H. pauciramosa var. masonae Moore in Allan 1961 A61]
    |    |--H. odora (Hooker) Cockayne 1929 A61 (see below for synonymy)
    |    |--H. pauciflora Simpson & Thomson 1943 A61
    |    `--H. pauciramosa (Cockayne & Allan) Moore in Allan 1961 (see below for synonymy) A61
    |--Connatae group A61
    |    |--H. benthamii (Hooker) Cockayne & Allan 1926 (see below for synonymy) A61
    |    |--H. epacridea (Hooker) Cockayne & Allan 1926 [=Veronica epacridea Hooker 1864] A61
    |    |--H. haastii (Hooker) Cockayne & Allan 1926 [=Veronica haastii Hooker 1864] A61
    |    |    |--H. h. var. haastii A61
    |    |    |--H. h. var. humilis (Simpson) Moore in Allan 1961 [=H. macrocalyx var. humilis Simpson 1952] A61
    |    |    `--H. h. var. macrocalyx (Armstrong) Cockayne & Allan 1926 (see below for synonymy) A61
    |    |--H. petriei (Buchan.) Cockayne & Allan 1926 (see below for synonymy) A61
    |    |    |--H. p. var. petriei A61
    |    |    `--H. p. var. murrellii (Simpson & Thomson) Moore in Allan 1961 [=H. murrellii Simpson & Thomson 1943] A61
    |    `--H. ramosissima Simpson & Thomson 1943 A61
    |--Flagriformes group A61
    |    |--H. annulata (Petrie) Cockayne & Allan 1926 (see below for synonymy) A61
    |    |--H. armstrongii (Armstrong) Cockayne & Allan 1926 [=Veronica armstrongii Johnson ex Armstrong 1879] A61
    |    |--H. coarctata (Cheeseman) Cockayne & Allan 1926 [=Veronica coarctata Cheeseman 1906] A61
    |    |--H. hectori (Hooker) Cockayne & Allan 1926 [=Veronica hectori Hooker 1864] A61
    |    |    |--H. h. var. hectori A61
    |    |    `--H. h. var. demissa (Simpson) Ashwin in Allan 1961 [=H. demissa Simpson 1945] A61
    |    |--H. imbricata Cockayne & Allan 1926 [=Veronica imbricata Petrie 1916 non Woerlein 1882] A61
    |    |--H. laingii (Cockayne) Cockayne & Allan 1926 [=Veronica laingii Cockayne 1909] A61
    |    |--H. ochracea Ashwin in Allan 1961 A61
    |    |--H. poppelwellii (Cockayne) Cockayne & Allan 1926 (see below for synonymy) A61
    |    |--H. propinqua (Cheeseman) Cockayne & Allan 1926 (see below for synonymy) A61
    |    |--H. salicornioides (Hooker) Cockayne & Allan 1926 [=Veronica salicornioides Hooker 1864] A61
    |    |--H. subsimilis (Colenso) Ashwin in Allan 1961 [=Veronica subsimilis Colenso 1899] A61
    |    |    |--H. s. var. subsimilis A61
    |    |    `--H. s. var. astonii (Petrie) Ashwin in Allan 1961 (see below for synonymy) A61
    |    `--H. tetragona (Hooker) Cockayne & Allan 1926 (see below for synonymy) A61
    |--H. ser. Occlusae Heads 1987 BG-J01
    |    |--H. (ser. *O.) macrocarpa (Vahl) Cockayne & Allan 1926 BG-J01, A61 [=Veronica macrocarpa Vahl 1794 A61]
    |    |    |--H. m. var. macrocarpa A61
    |    |    `--H. m. var. latisepala (Kirk) Cockayne & Allan 1926 (see below for synonymy) A61
    |    |--H. acutiflora Cockayne 1929 A61 (see below for synonymy)
    |    |--H. × adamsii (Cheeseman) Cockayne & Allan 1926 (see below for synonymy) A61
    |    |--H. barkeri (Cockayne) Cockayne 1929 (see below for synonymy) A61
    |    |--H. bollonsii (Cockayne) Cockayne & Allan 1926 [=Veronica bollonsii Cockayne 1912] A61
    |    |--H. brevifolia (Cheeseman) de Lange 1997 L97 (see below for synonymy)
    |    |--H. breviracemosa (Oliver) Cockayne & Allan 1926 [=Veronica breviracemosa Oliver 1910] A61
    |    |--H. calcicola Bayly, Garnock-Jones et al. 2001 BG-J01
    |    |--H. chathamica (Buchanan) Cockayne & Allan 1926 (see below for synonymy) A61
    |    |--H. dieffenbachii (Bentham) Cockayne & Allan 1926 [=Veronica dieffenbachii Bentham in DC. 1846] A61
    |    |--H. evenosa (Petrie) Cockayne & Allan 1926 BG-J01, A61 [=Veronica evenosa Petrie 1916 A61]
    |    |--H. glaucophylla (Cockayne) Cockayne 1929 BG-J01, A61 (see below for synonymy)
    |    |--H. ligustrifolia (Cunningham) Cockayne & Allan 1926 [=Veronica ligustrifolia Cunningham 1836] A61
    |    |--H. macroura (Hooker) Cockayne & Allan 1926 A61 (see below for synonymy)
    |    |    |--H. m. var. macroura BK04
    |    |    `--'Veronica’ m. var. dubia Cheeseman 1906 BK04
    |    |--H. obtusata (Cheeseman) Cockayne & Allan 1926 [=Veronica obtusata Cheeseman 1916] A61
    |    |--H. parviflora (Vahl) Cockayne & Allan 1926 [=Veronica parviflora Vahl 1794] A61
    |    |    |--H. p. var. parviflora BK04
    |    |    |--H. p. var. angustifolia (Hooker) Moore in Allan 1961 (see below for synonymy) A61
    |    |    |--H. p. var. arborea (Buchanan) Kirk 1896 (see below for synonymy) A61
    |    |    `--'Veronica’ p. var. phillyreaefolia Hooker 1853 BK04
    |    |--H. rakaiensis (Armstrong) Cockayne 1929 BG-J01, A61 (see below for synonymy)
    |    |--H. × simmonsii (Cockayne) Cockayne & Allan 1926 (see below for synonymy) A61
    |    |--H. stricta (Bentham) Moore in Allan 1961 A61 [=Veronica stricta Bentham 1846 BK04]
    |    |    |--H. s. var. stricta (see below for synonymy) A61
    |    |    |--H. s. var. atkinsonii (Cockayne) Moore in Allan 1961 A61 (see below for synonymy)
    |    |    |--H. s. var. egmontiana Moore in Allan 1961 A61
    |    |    |--H. s. var. lata Moore in Allan 1961 A61
    |    |    `--‘Veronica’ s. var. lindleyana Armstrong 1881 [=Veronica lindleyana Paxt. 1846] A61
    |    |--H. strictissima (Kirk) Moore in Allan 1961 A61 (see below for synonymy)
    |    |--H. subalpina (Cockayne) Cockayne & Allan 1926 BG-J01, A61 (see below for synonymy)
    |    |--H. topiaria Moore in Allan 1961 A61
    |    |--H. traversii (Hooker) Cockayne & Allan 1926 (see below for synonymy) A61
    |    |--H. truncatula (Colenso) Moore in Allan 1961 [=Veronica truncatula Colenso 1899] A61
    |    `--H. urvilleana Oliver 1944 A61
    |--Paniculatae group A61
    |    |--H. hulkeana (Muell.) Cockayne & Allan 1926 A61 (see below for synonymy)
    |    |--H. lavaudiana (Raoul) Cockayne & Allan 1926 [=Veronica lavaudiana Raoul 1846] A61
    |    `--H. raoulii (Hooker) Cockayne & Allan 1926 [=Veronica raoulii Hooker 1864] A61
    |         |--H. r. var. raoulii A61
    |         |--H. r. var. maccaskillii Allan 1940 A61
    |         `--H. r. var. pentasepala Moore in Allan 1961 A61
    |--Semiflagriformes group A61
    |    |--H. cheesemanii (Buchanan) Cockayne & Allan 1926 (see below for synonymy) A61
    |    |--H. ciliolata (Hooker) Cockayne & Allan 1926 (see below for synonymy) A61
    |    |--H. tetrasticha (Hooker) Cockayne & Allan 1926 [=Veronica tetrasticha Hooker 1864] A61
    |    `--H. tumida (Kirk) Cockayne & Allan 1926 A61 [=Veronica tumida Kirk 1896 BK04]
    |--Subcarnosae group A61
    |    |--H. albicans (Petrie) Cockayne 1929 [=Veronica albicans Petrie 1917] A61
    |    |--H. allanii Cockayne 1926 A61
    |    |--H. amplexicaulis (Armstrong) Cockayne & Allan 1926 A61 (see below for synonymy)
    |    |    |--H. a. var. amplexicaulis A61
    |    |    `--H. a. var. erecta Cockayne & Allan 1926 non Veronica erecta Kirk 1896 A61
    |    |--H. buchanani (Hooker) Cockayne & Allan 1926 A61 (see below for synonymy)
    |    |--H. decumbens (Armstrong) Cockayne & Allan 1926 [=Veronica decumbens Armstrong 1879] A61
    |    |--H. gibbsii (Kirk) Cockayne & Allan 1926 [=Veronica gibbsii Kirk 1896] A61
    |    |--H. matthewsii (Cheeseman) Cockayne 1929 [=Veronica matthewsii Cheeseman 1906] A61
    |    |--H. pimeleoides (Hooker) Cockayne & Allan 1926 A61 (see below for synonymy)
    |    |--H. pinguifolia (Hooker) Cockayne & Allan 1926 A61 (see below for synonymy)
    |    `--H. recurva Simpson & Thomson 1940 A61
    `--Subdistichae group A61
         |--H. brachysiphon Summerhayes 1927 A61
         |--H. canterburiensis (Armstrong) Moore in Allan 1961 A61 (see below for synonymy)
         |--H. cockayniana (Cheeseman) Cockayne & Allan 1926 (see below for synonymy) A61
         |--H. colensoi (Hooker) Cockayne 1929 [=Veronica colensoi Hooker 1864] A61
         |    |--H. c. var. colensoi A61
         |    `--H. c. var. hillii (Colenso) Moore in Allan 1961 [=Veronica hillii Colenso 1896] A61
         |--H. diosmifolia (Cunn.) Cockayne & Allan 1926 A61 (see below for synonymy)
         |--H. divaricata (Cheeseman) Cockayne & Allan 1926 (see below for synonymy) A61
         |--H. insularis (Cheeseman) Cockayne & Allan 1926 [=Veronica insularis Cheeseman 1897] A61
         |--H. rigidula (Cheeseman) Cockayne & Allan 1926 [=Veronica rigidula Cheeseman 1906] A61
         |--H. rupicola (Cheeseman) Cockayne & Allan 1926 (see below for synonymy) A61
         |--H. venustula (Colenso) Moore in Allan 1961 (see below for synonymy) A61
         `--H. vernicosa (Hooker) Cockayne & Allan 1926 A61 (see below for synonymy)

Hebe incertae sedis:
  H. biggarii Cockayne 1929 (n. d.) [=Veronica biggarii Cockayne 1916] A61
  H. × bishopiana Petrie 1926 A61
  H. brockiei Simpson & Thomson 1942 (n. d.) A61
  ‘Veronica’ × carnea Hort. ex Armstrong 1881 non Vitm. 1789-1792 A61
  H. carnosula (Hooker) Cockayne 1929 (n. d.) (see below for synonymy) A61
  H. × cassinioides (Petrie) Cockayne 1929 (see below for synonymy) A61
  H. corymbosa Simpson 1952 BK04
  H. darwiniana (Colenso) Cockayne 1929 (n. d.) [=Veronica darwiniana Colenso 1893] A61
  H. dilatata Simpson & Thomson 1943 (n. d.) A61
  ‘Veronica’ lawtonii Lawton 1926 A61
  H. leiophylla (Cheeseman) Cockayne & Allan 1926 [=Veronica leiophylla Cheeseman 1906] A61
  H. × leiosala Cockayne & Allan 1926 [H. leiophylla × H. salicifolia] CA26
  ‘Veronica’ × loganioides Armstrong 1879 A61
  H. longiracemosa (Petrie) Cockayne 1929 (n. d.) (see below for synonymy) A61
  H. myrtifolia (Bentham) Cockayne 1929 (n. d.) (see below for synonymy) A61
  H. paludosa (Cockayne) Norton & de Lange 1998 NL98 (see below for synonymy)
  ‘Veronica’ reidii Hort. ex Kavka in Mollers 1933 (n. d.) A61
  H. × rotundata (Kirk) Cockayne 1929 [=Veronica rotundata Kirk 1896] A61
  H. stenophylla BG-J01 [=Veronica stenophylla C06]
  H. subulata Simpson 1952 (n. d.) A61
  H. treadwellii Cockayne & Allan 1926 (n. d.) A61

Hebe acutiflora Cockayne 1929 A61 [=Veronica acutiflora Bentham in DC. 1846 non Lapeyr. ex Roem. & Schult. 1817 A61, V. ligustrifolia var. acutiflora C06]

Hebe × adamsii (Cheeseman) Cockayne & Allan 1926 [=Veronica adamsii Cheeseman 1925; H. ligustrifolia × H. macrocarpa var. brevifolia] A61

Hebe × affinis (Cheeseman) Cockayne & Allan 1926 [=Veronica macrocarpa var. affinis Cheeseman 1906, H. macrocarpa × V. salicifolia] A61

Hebe × amabilis (Cheeseman) Cockayne & Allan 1926 [=Veronica amabilis Cheeseman 1906; H. elliptica × H. salicifolia; incl. V. salicifolia var. gracilis Kirk 1899] A61

Hebe amplexicaulis (Armstrong) Cockayne & Allan 1926 A61 [=Veronica amplexicaulis Armstrong 1879 A61; incl. H. amplexicaulis var. suberecta Cockayne & Allan 1926 non V. lyallii var. suberecta Cheeseman 1906 A61, V. amplexicaulis var. vera Cockayne & Allan 1925 CA26]

Hebe × andersonii (Lindl. & Paxt.) Cockayne 1929 [=Veronica andersonii Lindl. & Paxt. 1863; H. salicifolia × H. speciosa] A61

Hebe annulata (Petrie) Cockayne & Allan 1926 [=Veronica armstrongii var. annulata Petrie 1913, V. annulata (Petrie) Cockayne ex Cheeseman 1925] A61

Hebe barkeri (Cockayne) Cockayne 1929 [=Veronica barkeri Cockayne 1899; incl. V. gigantea Cockayne 1902, Hebe gigantea (Cockayne) Cockayne & Allan 1926, V. salicifolia var. gigantea (Cockayne) Cheeseman 1906] A61

Hebe benthamii (Hooker) Cockayne & Allan 1926 [=Veronica benthami Hooker 1844; incl. V. finaustrina Homb. & Jacq. 1853] A61

Hebe × blanda (Cheeseman) Pennell 1921 [=Veronica amabilis var. blanda Cheeseman 1906, H. elliptica × H. salicifolia] A61

Hebe brevifolia (Cheeseman) de Lange 1997 L97 [=Veronica speciosa var. brevifolia Cheeseman 1906 A61, Hebe macrocarpa var. brevifolia (Cheeseman) Moore 1961 L97, H. speciosa var. brevifolia (Cheeseman) Cockayne & Allan 1926 CA26; incl. H. brevifolia var. prostrata (n. n.) non Hebe buxifolia var. prostrata (Cockayne) Cockayne & Allan 1927 L97]

Hebe buchanani (Hooker) Cockayne & Allan 1926 A61 [=Veronica buchananii Hooker 1864 BK04; incl. V. buchananii var. exigua Cheeseman 1906 A61, Hebe buchanani var. exigua (Cheeseman) Cockayne & Allan 1926 CA26, V. buchanani var. major Cheeseman 1906 A61]

Hebe canterburiensis (Armstrong) Moore in Allan 1961 A61 [=Veronica canterburiense Armstrong 1879 A61, H. vernicosa var. canterburiensis (Armstrong) Cockayne & Allan 1926 A61, V. canterburiensis CA26]

Hebe carnosula (Hooker) Cockayne 1929 (n. d.) [=Veronica laevis var. carnosula Hooker 1854, V. carnosula Hooker 1864 non Lam. 1791] A61

Hebe × cassinioides (Petrie) Cockayne 1929 [=Veronica cassinioides Matthews ex Petrie 1915; H. odora × H. lycopodioides] A61

Hebe chathamica (Buchanan) Cockayne & Allan 1926 [=Veronica chathamica Buchanan 1875; incl. V. coxiana Kirk 1896, Hebe coxiana (Kirk) Cockayne 1929, V. chathamica var. coxiana (Kirk) Cheeseman 1925] A61

Hebe cheesemanii (Buchanan) Cockayne & Allan 1926 [=Mitrasacme cheesemanii Buchanan 1882; incl. Veronica quadrifaria Kirk 1896] A61

Hebe ciliolata (Hooker) Cockayne & Allan 1926 [=Logania ciliolata Hooker 1867; incl. Veronica gilliesiana Kirk 1896, Mitrasacme hookeri Buchan. 1882] A61

Hebe cockayniana (Cheeseman) Cockayne & Allan 1926 [=Veronica cockayniana Cheeseman 1906; incl. V. willcoxii Petrie 1913, Hebe willcoxii (Petrie) Cockayne & Allan 1926] A61

Hebe diosmifolia (Cunn.) Cockayne & Allan 1926 A61 [=Veronica diosmifolia Cunningham 1836 BK04, V. diosmaefolia A61; incl. V. jasminoides Hort. ex Bean 1933 A61, V. trisepala Colenso 1883 A61, V. diosmaefolia var. trisepala (Colenso) Kirk 1896 A61, Hebe diosmifolia var. vernalis Carse 1929 A61]

Hebe divaricata (Cheeseman) Cockayne & Allan 1926 [=Veronica menziesii var. divaricata Cheeseman 1906; incl. H. subfulvida Simpson & Thomson 1943] A61

Hebe × divergens (Cheeseman) Cockayne 1929 [=Veronica divergens Cheeseman 1906; H. elliptica × H. gracillima] A61

Hebe elliptica (Forster) Pennell 1921 [=Veronica elliptica Forster 1786; incl. *H. magellanica Gmel. 1791, V. marginata Colenso 1896] A61

Hebe × franciscana H93 [=Veronica × franciscana Eastwood 1943 A61, V. lobelioides (n. n.) A61; H. elliptica × H. speciosa A61]

Hebe glaucophylla (Cockayne) Cockayne 1929 BG-J01, A61 [=Veronica glaucophylla Cockayne 1899 A61; incl. V. colensoi var. glauca CA26, V. traversii var. fallax Cheeseman 1906 A61]

Hebe gracillima (Kirk) Cockayne & Allan 1926 [=Veronica ligustrifolia var. gracillima Kirk 1896, V. gracillima (Kirk) Cheeseman 1906] A61

Hebe haastii var. macrocalyx (Armstrong) Cockayne & Allan 1926 [=Veronica macrocalyx Armstrong 1881, V. haastii var. macrocalyx (Armstrong) Cheeseman 1906] A61

Hebe hulkeana (Muell.) Cockayne & Allan 1926 A61 [=Veronica hulkeana Muell. 1863 A61; incl. V. fairfieldii Hooker 1893 A61, V. hulkeana var. fairfieldii Kirk 1896 A61, V. hulkeana var. oblonga Kirk 1896 A61, Hebe hulkeana var. oblonga (Kirk) Cockayne & Allan 1926 CA26]

Hebe × kirkii (Armstrong) Cockayne & Allan 1926 [=Veronica kirkii Armstrong 1879, V. salicifolia var. kirkii (Armstrong) Cheeseman 1906; H. rakaiensis × H. salicifolia] A61

Hebe longiracemosa (Petrie) Cockayne 1929 (n. d.) non H. salicifolia var. longiracemosa (Cockayne) Cockayne & Allan 1926 [=Veronica longiracemosa Petrie 1917 non Colenso 1888] A61

Hebe macrantha var. brachyphylla (Cheeseman) Cockayne & Allan 1926 [=Veronica macrantha var. brachyphylla Cheeseman 1906] A61

Hebe macrocarpa var. latisepala (Kirk) Cockayne & Allan 1926 [=Veronica latisepala Kirk 1896, V. macrocarpa var. latisepala (Kirk) Cheeseman 1906] A61

Hebe macroura (Hooker) Cockayne & Allan 1926 A61 [=Veronica macroura Hooker ex Bentham in DC. 1846 BK04, A61, H. stricta var. macroura (Bentham) Moore in Allan 1961 A61; incl. Veronica cookiana Colenso 1888 A61, H. cookiana (Colenso) Cockayne & Allan 1926 A61, V. macroura var. cookiana C06]

Hebe myrtifolia (Bentham) Cockayne 1929 (n. d.) [=Veronica myrtifolia Banks & Solander ex Bentham in DC. 1846, V. macrocarpa var. myrtifolia Hooker 1854] A61

Hebe odora (Hooker) Cockayne 1929 A61 [=Veronica odora Hooker 1844 A61, H. buxifolia var. odora (Kirk) Cockayne & Allan 1926 A61, V. buxifolia var. odora Kirk 1896 CA26, V. elliptica var. odora C06; incl. V. anomala Armstrong 1872 A61, Hebe anomala (Armstrong) Cockayne 1929 A61, V. buxifolia Bentham in DC. 1846 A61, H. buxifolia (Bentham) Cockayne & Allan 1926 A61, V. haustrata Armstrong 1879 A61, V. buxifolia var. patens Cheeseman 1906 BK04, V. buxifolia var. prostrata Cockayne 1909 (n. n.) A61, Hebe buxifolia var. prostrata (Cockayne) Cockayne & Allan 1926 CA26]

Hebe paludosa (Cockayne) Norton & de Lange 1998 NL98 [=Veronica salicifolia var. paludosa Cockayne 1916 A61, H. salicifolia var. paludosa (Cockayne) Cockayne & Allan 1926 A61]

Hebe parviflora var. angustifolia (Hooker) Moore in Allan 1961 [=Veronica parviflora var. angustifolia Hooker 1872, Veronica angustifolia Richard 1832 non Fisch. & Link 1821, Hebe angustifolia (Richard) Cockayne & Allan 1926; incl. Veronica angustifolia var. abbreviata Petrie 1921, V. parviflora var. obtusa Kirk 1896, V. squalida Kirk 1896] A61

Hebe parviflora var. arborea (Buchanan) Kirk 1896 [=V. arborea Buchanan 1874, Veronica parviflora var. arborea (Buchanan) Kirk 1896; incl. V. floribunda ms] A61

Hebe pauciramosa (Cockayne & Allan) Moore in Allan 1961 [=H. buxifolia var. pauciramosa Cockayne & Allan 1926] A61

Hebe petriei (Buchan.) Cockayne & Allan 1926 [=Mitrasacme petriei Buchan. 1882, Veronica petriei (Buchan.) Kirk 1896] A61

Hebe pimeleoides (Hooker) Cockayne & Allan 1926 A61 [=Veronica pimeleoides Hooker 1854 A61; incl. V. glauca-caerulea Armstrong 1879 A61, Hebe glauca-caerulea Cockayne 1929 A61, H. pimeleoides var. glauco-caerulea (Cheeseman) Cockayne & Allan 1926 A61, Veronica pimeleoides var. glauco-caerulea C06, V. pimeleoides var. minor Hooker 1867 non V. cararractae var. minor Hooker 1854 A61, H. pimeleoides var. minor (Hooker) Cockayne & Allan 1926 A61, H. pimeleoides var. rupestris Cockayne & Allan 1926 A61]

Hebe pinguifolia (Hooker) Cockayne & Allan 1926 A61 [=Veronica pinguifolia Hooker 1864 BK04; incl. V. godefroyana Carr. 1888 A61, Hebe godefroyana (Carr.) Cockayne 1929 A61]

Hebe poppelwellii (Cockayne) Cockayne & Allan 1926 [=Veronica poppelwellii Cockayne 1916; incl. V. hectori var. gracilior Petrie ex Poppelwell 1915 (n. n.)] A61

Hebe propinqua (Cheeseman) Cockayne & Allan 1926 [=Veronica propinqua Cheeseman 1906; incl. V. propinqua var. major Cockayne ex Cheeseman 1925 non V. buchanani var. major Cheeseman 1906, Hebe propinqua var. major (Cockayne ex Cheeseman) Cockayne & Allan 1926] A61

Hebe rakaiensis (Armstrong) Cockayne 1929 BG-J01, A61 [=Veronica rakaiensis Armstrong 1881 A61; incl. H. scott-thomsonii Allan 1939 A61]

Hebe rupicola (Cheeseman) Cockayne & Allan 1926 [=Veronica rupicola Cheeseman 1906; incl. H. lapidosa Simpson & Thomson 1940] A61

Hebe salicifolia (Forster) Pennell 1921 A61 [=Veronica salicifolia Forster 1786 BK04; incl. V. salicifolia var. communis Cockayne 1916 A61, H. salicifolia var. communis (Cockayne) Cockayne & Allan 1926 A61, V. fonkii CA26, H. fonkii CA26]

Hebe × simmonsii (Cockayne) Cockayne & Allan 1926 [=Veronica simmonsii Cockayne 1916; H. parvifolia var. angustifolia × H. stricta var. atkinsonii] A61

Hebe speciosa (Cunningham) Cockayne & Allan 1926 [=Veronica speciosa Cunningham 1836; incl. V. hendersonii Hort. ex Vilmorin 1895, V. imperialis Hort. ex Vilmorin 1895, Hebe imperialis (Bouch.) Cockayne 1929, V. speciosa var. imperialis, V. kermesina Loud. 1895] A61

Hebe stricta var. atkinsonii (Cockayne) Moore in Allan 1961 A61 [=Veronica salicifolia var. atkinsonii Cockayne 1916 A61, H. salicifolia var. atkinsonii (Cockayne) Cockayne & Allan 1926 A61; incl. Veronica salicifolia var. angustissima Cockayne 1918 A61, Hebe salicifolia var. angustissima (Cockayne) Cockayne & Allan 1926 CA26]

Hebe stricta (Bentham) Moore in Allan 1961 var. stricta [=H. salicifolia var. stricta (Bentham) Cockayne & Allan 1926, Veronica salicifolia var. stricta (Bentham) Hooker 1853; incl. V. salicifolia var. longiracemosa Cockayne 1917 non V. longiracemosa Petrie 1917, Hebe salicifolia var. longiracemosa (Cockayne) Cockayne & Allan 1926, V. parkinsoniana Colenso 1889, Hebe parkinsoniana (Colenso) Cockayne 1929] A61

Hebe strictissima (Kirk) Moore in Allan 1961 A61 [=Veronica parviflora var. strictissima Kirk 1896 A61, Hebe leiophylla var. strictissima (Kirk) Cockayne & Allan 1926 CA26, V. leiophylla var. strictissima (Kirk) Cockayne 1920 A61]

Hebe subalpina (Cockayne) Cockayne & Allan 1926 BG-J01, A61 [=Veronica subalpina Cockayne 1889 A61; incl. H. fruticeti Simpson & Thomson 1946 BG-J01, A61, V. montana Armstrong 1879 non Linnaeus 1755 A61, Hebe montana (Armstrong) Cockayne & Allan 1926 A61, V. monticola Armstrong 1881 non Trautv. 1866 A61, V. colensoi var. viridis CA26]

Hebe subsimilis var. astonii (Petrie) Ashwin in Allan 1961 [=Veronica astonii Petrie 1908, H. astonii (Petrie) Cockayne & Allan 1926] A61

Hebe tetragona (Hooker) Cockayne & Allan 1926 [=Veronica tetragona Hooker 1843; incl. Podocarpus dieffenbachii Hook. 1843] A61

Hebe townsonii (Cheeseman) Cockayne & Allan 1926 [=Veronica townsonii Cheeseman 1913; incl. V. macrocarpa var. crassifolia Cheeseman 1906] A61

Hebe traversii (Hooker) Cockayne & Allan 1926 [=Veronica traversii Hooker 1864; incl. V. traversii var. elegans Cheeseman 1906] A61

Hebe venustula (Colenso) Moore in Allan 1961 [=Veronica venustula Colenso 1895; incl. V. azurea Colenso 1899 non Link 1821, V. azunea, V. laevis Bentham in DC. 1846 non Lam. 1778, Hebe laevis (Bentham) Cockayne & Allan 1927] A61

Hebe vernicosa (Hooker) Cockayne & Allan 1926 A61 [=Veronica vernicosa Hooker 1864 A61; incl. V. vernicosa var. gracilis Cheeseman 1906 non V. salicifolia var. gracilis Kirk 1899 A61, Hebe vernicosa var. gracilis (Cheeseman) Cockayne & Allan 1926 CA26, V. greyi Armstrong 1879 A61, V. vernicosa var. multiflora Cheeseman 1906 A61]

‘Veronica × myrtifolia’ Lindsay 1910 non Banks & Solander ex Bentham in DC. 1846 [Hebe balfouriana × H. salicifolia] A61

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[AM-O04] Albach, D. C., M. M. Martínez-Ortega, M. A. Fischer & M. W. Chase. 2004. A new classification of the tribe Veroniceae—problems and a possible solution. Taxon 53 (2): 429–452.

[A61] Allan, H. H. 1961. Flora of New Zealand vol. 1. Indigenous Tracheophyta: Psilopsida, Lycopsida, Filicopsida, Gymnospermae, Dicotyledones. R. E. Owen, Government Printer: Wellington (New Zealand).

[BG-J01] Bayly, M. J., P. J. Garnock-Jones, K. A. Mitchell, K. R. Markham & P. J. Brownsey. 2001. Description and flavonoid chemistry of Hebe calcicola (Scrophulariaceae), a new species from north-west Nelson, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Botany 39: 55–67.

[BK04] Bayly, M. J., & A. V. Kellow. 2004. Lectotypification of names of New Zealand members of Veronica and Hebe (Plantaginaceae). Tuhinga 15: 43–52.

[C55] Candolle, A. de. 1855. Géographie Botanique Raisonée: Ou exposition des faits principaux et des lois concernant la distribution géographique des plantes de l’époque actuelle vol. 2. Librairie de Victor Masson: Paris.

[C06] Cheeseman, T. F. 1906. Manual of the New Zealand Flora. John Mackay, Government Printer: Wellington.

[CA26] Cockayne, L., & H. H. Allan. 1926. The present taxonomic status of the New Zealand species of Hebe. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 57: 11–47.

[H93] Hickman, J. C. (ed.) 1993. The Jepson Manual: Higher Plants of California. University of California Press: Berkeley (California).

[L97] Lange, P. J. de. 1997. Hebe brevifolia (Scrophulariaceae)—an ultramafic endemic of the Surville Cliffs, North Cape, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Botany 35: 1–8.

[NL98] Norton, D. A., & P. J. de Lange. 1998. Hebe paludosa (Scrophulariaceae)—a new combination for an endemic wetland Hebe from Westland, South Island, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Botany 36: 531–538.

Veronica

Veronica aphylla, copyright Juan José Sánchez.

Belongs within: Veroniceae.
Contains: Veronica subgenus Pocilla, Veronica subgenus Pentasepalae, Veronica subgenus Stenocarpon, Hebe.

Veronica, speedwells, is a diverse genus of flowering plants found primarily in temperate regions of the world.

Synapomorphies (from Albach et al. 2004): Flowers subactinomorphic, with four calyx and four corolla lobes, short to absent corolla tube, and two exserted stamina; fruit much compressed, apex notched, seeds flattened.

Veronica [incl. V. sect. Paederotoides Benth. in DC. 1846, V. subsect. Strictiflorae Benth. in DC. 1846] AM-O04
    |--V. subg. Veronica (see below for synonymy) AM-O04
    |    |--*V. officinalis AM-O04
    |    |--V. abyssinica AM-O04
    |    |--V. alpina Linnaeus 1753 [=V. (ser. *Alpinae) alpina] AM-O04
    |    |--V. aphylla [=*Azurinia aphylla (Linnaeus) Fourr. 1869, V. (subsect. *Aphyllae) aphylla] AM-O04
    |    |--V. bellidioides [=V. (sect. *Veronicastrum) bellidioides] AM-O04
    |    |--V. cana [=V. (ser. *Canae) cana] AM-O04
    |    |--V. glandulosa [=V. (subsect. *Glandulosae) glandulosa] AM-O04
    |    |--V. montana Linnaeus 1755 AM-O04, A61 (see below for synonymy)
    |    |--V. ponae [=V. gouani, V. (subsect. *Gouani) ponae] AM-O04
    |    |--V. pyroliformis [=V. (subsect. *Pyroliformes) pyroliformis] AM-O04
    |    |--V. scutellata (see below for synonymy) AM-O04
    |    |--V. stelleri AM-O04
    |    |--V. szechuanica [=V. (subsect. *Szechuanicae) szechuanica AM-O04
    |    `--V. urticifolia [=V. (subsect. *Urticifoliae) urticifolia] AM-O04
    |--V. subg. Beccabunga (Hill) Martínez-Ortega, Albach & Fischer in Albach, Martínez-Ortega et al. 2004 (see below for synonymy) AM-O04
    |    |--V. (subg. *Beccabunga) beccabunga AM-O04
    |    |--V. acinifolia [=V. (subsect. *Acinifolia) acinifolia] AM-O04
    |    |--V. archboldii Pennell 1936 AM-O04
    |    |--V. gentianoides AM-O04
    |    |--V. peregrina [=V. (subsect. *Annuae) peregrina, V. (subsect. *Peregrinae) peregrina] AM-O04
    |    |    |--V. p. ssp. peregrina H93
    |    |    `--V. p. ssp. xalapensis H93
    |    |--V. serpyllifolia (see below for synonymy) AM-O04
    |    |    |--V. s. ssp. serpyllifolia H93
    |    |    `--V. s. ssp. humifusa H93
    |    |--V. syriaca AM-O04
    |    `--V. telephiifolia [=V. (subsect. *Telephiifolia) telephiifolia] AM-O04
    |--V. subg. Synthyris (Bentham) Martínez-Ortega, Albach & Fischer in Albach, Martínez-Ortega et al. 2004 (see below for synonymy) AM-O04
    |    |--V. missurica Raf. 1818 (see below for synonymy) AM-O04
    |    |    |--V. m. ssp. missurica [incl. Synthyris missurica ssp. hirsuta Pennell 1933] AM-O04
    |    |    |--V. m. ssp. major (Hook.) Martínez-Ortega & Albach in Albach, Martínez-Ortega et al. 2004 (see below for synonymy) AM-O04
    |    |    `--V. m. ssp. stellata (Pennell) Martínez-Ortega & Albach in Albach, Martínez-Ortega et al. 2004 (see below for synonymy) AM-O04
    |    |--V. alaskensis Martínez-Ortega & Albach in Albach, Martínez-Ortega et al. 2004 (see below for synonymy) AM-O04
    |    |--V. besseya Martínez-Ortega & Albach in Albach, Martínez-Ortega et al. 2004 (see below for synonymy) AM-O04
    |    |--V. bullii (Eaton) Martínez-Ortega & Albach in Albach, Martínez-Ortega et al. 2004 (see below for synonymy) AM-O04
    |    |--V. californica Martínez-Ortega & Albach in Albach, Martínez-Ortega et al. 2004 (see below for synonymy) AM-O04
    |    |--V. canbyi (Pennell) Martínez-Ortega & Albach in Albach, Martínez-Ortega et al. 2004 (see below for synonymy) AM-O04
    |    |--V. dissecta (Rydb.) Martínez-Ortega & Albach in Albach, Martínez-Ortega et al. 2004 (see below for synonymy) AM-O04
    |    |    |--V. d. ssp. dissecta [incl. Synthyris cymopteroides Pennell 1933, S. hendersonii Pennell 1933] AM-O04
    |    |    `--V. d. ssp. lanuginosa (Piper) Martínez-Ortega & Albach in Albach, Martínez-Ortega et al. 2004 (see below for synonymy) AM-O04
    |    |--V. idahoensis (Gail & Pennell) Martínez-Ortega & Albach in Albach, Martínez-Ortega et al. 2004 (see below for synonymy) AM-O04
    |    |--V. oblongifolia (Pennell) Martínez-Ortega & Albach in Albach, Martínez-Ortega et al. 2004 (see below for synonymy) AM-O04
    |    |--V. paysonii (Pennell & Williams) Martínez-Ortega & Albach in Albach, Martínez-Ortega et al. 2004 (see below for synonymy) AM-O04
    |    |--V. plantaginea James 1825 (see below for synonymy) AM-O04
    |    |--V. ranunculina (Pennell) Martínez-Ortega & Albach in Albach, Martínez-Ortega et al. 2004 (see below for synonymy) AM-O04
    |    |--V. regina-nivalis Martínez-Ortega & Albach in Albach, Martínez-Ortega et al. 2004 (see below for synonymy) AM-O04
    |    |--V. ritteriana (Eastw.) Martínez-Ortega & Albach in Albach, Martínez-Ortega et al. 2004 (see below for synonymy) AM-O04
    |    |--V. rubra (Douglas ex Hook.) Martínez-Ortega & Albach in Albach, Martínez-Ortega et al. 2004 (see below for synonymy) AM-O04
    |    |--V. schizantha (Piper) Martínez-Ortega & Albach in Albach, Martínez-Ortega et al. 2004 (see below for synonymy) AM-O04
    |    |--V. utahensis Martínez-Ortega & Albach in Albach, Martínez-Ortega et al. 2004 (see below for synonymy) AM-O04
    |    `--V. wyomingensis (Nelson) Martínez-Ortega & Albach in Albach, Martínez-Ortega et al. 2004 (see below for synonymy) AM-O04
    |--V. subg. Pseudolysimachium (Koch) Martínez-Ortega, Albach & Fischer in Albach, Martínez-Ortega et al. 2004 (see below for synonymy) AM-O04
    |    |--V. (subg. *Pseudolysimachium) spicata [=*Hedystachys spicata] AM-O04
    |    |--V. alatavica [=V. (subsect. *Alatavicae) alatavica] AM-O04
    |    |--V. dahurica [=V. (subsect. *Dahuricae) dahurica] AM-O04
    |    |--V. longifolia [=V. (ser. *Longifoliae) longifolia] AM-O04
    |    |--V. pinnata [=Pseudolysimachion (ser. *Pinnatae) pinnatum] AM-O04
    |    |--V. schmidtiana [=Pseudolysimachion (sect. *Schmidtiana) schmidtianum] AM-O04
    |    `--V. spuria [=Pseudolysimachion (ser. *Spuriae) spurium; incl. V. laciniata Ait. 1789] AM-O04
    `--+--V. subg. Cochlidiosperma (Rchb.) Martínez-Ortega & Albach in Albach, Martínez-Ortega et al. 2004 (see below for synonymy) AM-O04
       |    |--V. (subg. *Cochlidiosperma) hederifolia (see below for synonymy) AM-O04
       |    |--V. crista-galli (see below for synonymy) AM-O04
       |    `--V. cymbalaria [=V. (subsect. *Cymbalariae) cymbalaria] AM-O04
       |--V. subg. Pellidosperma (Lehm.) Martínez-Ortega, Albach & Fischer in Albach, Martínez-Ortega et al. 2004 (see below for synonymy) AM-O04
       |    |--V. (subg. *Pellidosperma) praecox AM-O04
       |    |--V. aznavourii [=V. pontica, V. pumila] AM-O04
       |    `--V. triphyllos AM-O04
       `--+--V. subg. Triangulicapsula Martínez-Ortega, Albach & Fischer in Albach, Martínez-Ortega et al. 2004 (see below for synonymy) AM-O04
          |    |--V. (subg. *Triangulicapsula) chamaepithyoides [incl. V. (subsect. *Digitatae) digitata] AM-O04
          |    `--V. grisebachii [incl. V. chamaepitys] AM-O04
          |--+--V. subg. Pocilla AM-O04
          |  `--V. subg. Pentasepalae AM-O04
          |--V. subg. Chamaedrys (Koch) Martínez-Ortega, Albach & Fischer in Albach, Martínez-Ortega et al. 2004 (see below for synonymy) AM-O04
          |    |--V. (subg. *Chamaedrys) chamaedrys (see below for synonymy) AM-O04
          |    |--V. arvensis AM-O04 (see below for synonymy)
          |    `--V. verna [incl. V. pinnatifida Lam. 1791] AM-O04
          |--+--V. subg. Stenocarpon AM-O04
          |  `--V. subg. Paderotella (Wulff) Boriss. in Shishkin & Bobrov 1955 (see below for synonymy) AM-O04
          |       |--V. (subg. *Paederotella) ruprechtii [=Paederota pontica, Paederotella pontica] AM-O04
          |       |--V. daghestanica AM-O04
          |       `--V. teberdensis AM-O04
          `--+--Hebe AM-O04
             `--Derwentia Raf. 1838 AM-O04
                  |--D. derwentiana B00
                  |--‘Hebe’ formosa AM-O04
                  |--‘Parahebe’ lithophila AM-O04
                  `--D. perfoliata B00

Veronica incertae sedis:
  V. americana H93
  V. anagallis C55
  V. anagallis-aquatica BR65
  V. anagalloides AM-O04
    |--V. a. ssp. anagalloides AM-O04
    `--V. a. ssp. heureka [incl. V. cordata Celakovsky 1877] AM-O04
  V. aragonensis AM-O04
  V. areolata Colenso 1892 A61
  V. baumgartenii AM-O04
  V. buchananii Hooker 1864 BK04 (see below for synonymy)
  V. calycina BR65
  V. catenata [incl. V. comosa] H93
  V. cephaloides O88
  V. chinoalpina AM-O04
  V. chionantha AM-O04
  V. cinerea Boissier & Balansa 1859 (nom. cons. prop.) non Rafinesque 1838 (nom. rej. prop.) M-OA03
  V. copelandii H93
  V. cusickii H93
  V. decorosa BR65
  V. deltigera O88
  V. derwentia Andrews 1808 [incl. V. labiata Brown 1810] BR65
  V. diosmifolia Cunningham 1836 BK04 (see below for synonymy)
  V. distans BR65
  V. dorrien-smithii Cockayne 1912 BK04 [=Hebe dorrien-smithii (Cockayne) Cockayne & Allan 1926 A61]
  V. emodi O88
  V. glareosa AM-O04
  V. himalensis [=V. (sect. Beccabunga subsect. Himalensis) himalensis] AM-O04
  V. hirsuta Colenso 1892 A61
  V. javanica [=V. (sect. Veronica subsect. Javanicae) javanica] AM-O04
  V. kopetdaghensis AM-O04
  V. lewisii Armstrong 1881 BK04 [=Hebe lewisii CA27]
  V. ‘macrocalyx’ Colenso 1892 non Armstrong 1881 A61
  V. macroura Hooker ex Bentham in DC. 1846 BK04, A61 (see below for synonymy)
    |--V. m. var. macroura BK04 [=H. stricta var. macroura ME70]
    `--V. m. var. dubia Cheeseman 1906 BK04
  V. menziesii Bentham 1846 BK04 [=Hebe menziesii (Bentham) Cockayne & Allan 1926 A61]
  V. obovata Kirk 1877 BK04 [=Hebe obovata (Kirk) Cockayne 1929 A61]
  V. oligantha Colenso 1893 A61
  V. paederotae [=V. (sect. Paederotoides) paederotae] AM-O04
  V. paniculata C55
  V. parnkalliana BR65
  V. parviflora Vahl 1794 BK04, A61 (see below for synonymy)
    |--V. p. var. parviflora BK04
    |--V. p. var. angustifolia Hooker 1872 (see below for synonymy) A61
    |--V. p. var. arborea (Buchanan) Kirk 1896 (see below for synonymy) A61
    `--V. p. var. phillyreaefolia Hooker 1853 BK04
  V. pinguifolia Hooker 1864 BK04 (see below for synonymy)
  V. platycarpa Pennell 1939 AM-O04
  V. plebeja BR65 [incl. V. elongata C06]
  V. polita PAE98
  V. polyphylla Colenso 1899 A61
  V. prostrata [incl. V. cordata Opiz ex Schult. 1827 (n. n.) non Celakovsky 1877] AM-O04
  V. robusta O88
  V. rugulosella Colenso 1892 A61
  V. salicifolia Forster 1786 BK04 (see below for synonymy)
  V. thymoides AM-O04
  V. tianschanica [=V. (sect. Veronicastrum subsect. Tianschanicae) tianschanica] AM-O04
  V. tumida Kirk 1896 BK04 [=Hebe tumida (Kirk) Cockayne & Allan 1926 A61]
  V. umbelliformis O88
  V. violifolia AM-O04
  V. viscosa AM-O04
  V. wormskjoldii [incl. V. alpina var. alterniflora] H93
  V. subg. Koromika Armstrong 1881 BK04
    `--V. (subg. *K.) pubescens Bentham 1846 BK04 [=Hebe pubescens (Bentham) Cockayne & Allan 1926 A61]
  V. subg. Pseudoveronica Armstrong 1881 BK04
    |--V. (subg. *P.) lycopodioides Hooker 1864 BK04 (see below for synonymy)
    |    |--V. l. var. lycopodioides A61
    |    `--‘Hebe’ l. var. patula Simpson & Thomson 1943 A61
    `--V. cupressoides Hooker 1864 BK04, A61 (see below for synonymy)
         |--V. c. var. cupressoides BK04
         `--V. c. var. variabilis Brown 1888 BK04

Nomen nudum: Veronica henryi Cockayne in Cockayne & Allan 1927 CA27

Veronica alaskensis Martínez-Ortega & Albach in Albach, Martínez-Ortega et al. 2004 [=Synthyris borealis Pennell 1933 non V. borealis Least. ex Hook.f. 1861] AM-O04

Veronica arvensis AM-O04 [=*Agerella arvensis, V. (sect. *Alsinebe) arvensis AM-O04, V. (subsect. *Microsperma) arvensis AM-O04; incl. V. longiracemosa Colenso 1888 C06]

Veronica besseya Martínez-Ortega & Albach in Albach, Martínez-Ortega et al. 2004 [=Synthyris alpina Gray 1862 non V. alpina Linnaeus 1753, *Besseya alpina (Gray) Rydberg 1903, Wulfenia alpina (Gray) Greene 1894] AM-O04

Veronica buchananii Hooker 1864 BK04 [=Hebe buchanani (Hooker) Cockayne & Allan 1926 A61; incl. V. buchananii var. exigua Cheeseman 1906 A61, H. buchanani var. exigua (Cheeseman) Cockayne & Allan 1927 CA27, V. buchanani var. major Cheeseman 1906 A61]

Veronica bullii (Eaton) Martínez-Ortega & Albach in Albach, Martínez-Ortega et al. 2004 [=Gymnandra bullii Eaton in Eaton & Wright 1840, Synthyris bullii (Eaton) Heller 1900, Wulfenia bullii (Eaton) Barnhart 1899; incl. Synthyris houghtoniana Benth. in DC. 1846, Wulfenia houghtoniana (Benth.) Greene 1894] AM-O04

Veronica californica Martínez-Ortega & Albach in Albach, Martínez-Ortega et al. 2004 [=Synthyris reniformis var. cordata Gray 1876 non V. cordata Celakovsky 1877, S. cordata (Gray) Heller 1900, S. rotundifolia var. cordata (Gray) Gray 1878, Wulfenia cordata (Gray) Greene 1894] AM-O04

Veronica canbyi (Pennell) Martínez-Ortega & Albach in Albach, Martínez-Ortega et al. 2004 [=Synthyris canbyi Pennell 1933] AM-O04

Veronica (subg. *Chamaedrys) chamaedrys [=V. (subsect. *Euchamaedrys) chamaedrys, V. (subsect. *Multiflorae) chamaedrys] AM-O04

Veronica crista-galli [=*Odicardis cristagalli, *Oligospermum cristagalli; incl. *Diplophyllum veronicaeforme Lohm. 1814] AM-O04

Veronica cupressoides Hooker 1864 BK04, A61 [=Hebe cupressoides (Hooker) Cockayne & Allan 1926 A61, Leonohebe cupressoides BG-J01]

Veronica diosmifolia Cunningham 1836 BK04 [=Hebe diosmifolia (Cunn.) Cockayne & Allan 1926 A61, V. diosmaefolia A61; incl. V. jasminoides Hort. ex Bean 1933 A61, V. trisepala Colenso 1883 A61, V. diosmaefolia var. trisepala (Colenso) Kirk 1896 A61, Hebe diosmifolia var. vernalis Carse 1929 A61]

Veronica dissecta (Rydb.) Martínez-Ortega & Albach in Albach, Martínez-Ortega et al. 2004 [=Synthyris dissecta Rydb. 1909] AM-O04

Veronica dissecta ssp. lanuginosa (Piper) Martínez-Ortega & Albach in Albach, Martínez-Ortega et al. 2004 [=Synthyris pinnatifida lanuginosa Piper 1906, S. lanuginosa (Piper) Pennell & Thomps. 1933] AM-O04

Veronica (subg. *Cochlidiosperma) hederifolia [=V. (subsect. *Megasperma) hederifolia; incl. V. reniformis Raf. 1808] AM-O04

Veronica idahoensis (Gail & Pennell) Martínez-Ortega & Albach in Albach, Martínez-Ortega et al. 2004 [=Synthyris platycarpa Gail & Pennell 1937 non V. platycarpa Pennell 1939] AM-O04

Veronica (subg. *Pseudoveronica) lycopodioides Hooker 1864 BK04 [=Hebe lycopodioides (Hooker) Cockayne & Allan 1926 A61]

Veronica macroura Hooker ex Bentham in DC. 1846 BK04, A61 [=Hebe macroura (Hooker) Cockayne & Allan 1926 A61, H. stricta var. macroura (Bentham) Moore in Allan 1961 A61; incl. Veronica cookiana Colenso 1888 A61, H. cookiana (Colenso) Cockayne & Allan 1926 A61, V. macroura var. cookiana C06]

Veronica missurica Raf. 1818 [=*Synthyris missurica (Raf.) Pennell 1933, V. purshii Don 1838, V. reniformis Pursh 1814 non Raf. 1808] AM-O04

Veronica missurica ssp. major (Hook.) Martínez-Ortega & Albach in Albach, Martínez-Ortega et al. 2004 nec V. buchanani var. major Cheeseman 1906 nec V. propinqua var. major Cockayne ex Cheeseman 1925 [=Synthyris reniformis ssp. major Hook. 1853, S. major (Hook.) Heller 1900] AM-O04

Veronica missurica ssp. stellata (Pennell) Martínez-Ortega & Albach in Albach, Martínez-Ortega et al. 2004 [=Synthyris stellata Pennell 1933] AM-O04

Veronica montana Linnaeus 1755 AM-O04, A61 [=*Coerulinia montana (Linnaeus) Fourr. 1869 AM-O04, V. (subsect. *Montanae) montana AM-O04]

Veronica oblongifolia (Pennell) Martínez-Ortega & Albach in Albach, Martínez-Ortega et al. 2004 [=Besseya oblongifolia Pennell 1933] AM-O04

Veronica parviflora Vahl 1794 BK04, CA27 [=Hebe parviflora (Vahl) Cockayne & Allan 1926 A61; incl. V. stenophylla C06]

Veronica parviflora var. angustifolia Hooker 1872 [=Veronica angustifolia Richard 1832 non Fisch. & Link 1821, Hebe angustifolia (Richard) Cockayne & Allan 1926, H. parviflora var. angustifolia (Hooker) Moore in Allan 1961; incl. Veronica angustifolia var. abbreviata Petrie 1921, V. parviflora var. obtusa Kirk 1896, V. squalida Kirk 1896] A61

Veronica parviflora var. arborea (Buchanan) Kirk 1896 [=V. arborea Buchanan 1874, Hebe parviflora var. arborea (Buchanan) Kirk 1896; incl. V. floribunda ms] A61

Veronica paysonii (Pennell & Williams) Martínez-Ortega & Albach in Albach, Martínez-Ortega et al. 2004 [=Synthyris paysoni Pennell & Williams in Pennell 1933; incl. Synthyris pinnatifida Watson 1871 non V. pinnatifida Lam. 1791, Wulfenia pinnatifida (Watson) Greene 1894] AM-O04

Veronica pinguifolia Hooker 1864 BK04 [=Hebe pinguifolia (Hooker) Cockayne & Allan 1926 A61; incl. V. godefroyana Carr. 1888 A61, Hebe godefroyana (Carr.) Cockayne 1929 A61]

Veronica plantaginea James 1825 [=Synthyris plantaginea (James) Benth. in DC. 1846, Besseya plantaginea (James) Rydb. 1903, Wulfenia plantaginea (James) Greene 1894; incl. B. arizonica Pennell 1933, B. goodingii Pennell 1933] AM-O04

Veronica ranunculina (Pennell) Martínez-Ortega & Albach in Albach, Martínez-Ortega et al. 2004 [=Synthyris ranunculina Pennell 1933] AM-O04

Veronica regina-nivalis Martínez-Ortega & Albach in Albach, Martínez-Ortega et al. 2004 [=Wulfenia reniformis Douglas ex Benth. 1835 non V. reniformis Raf. 1808, Synthyris (subg. *Plagiocarpus) reniformis (Douglas ex Benth.) Benth. in DC. 1846; incl. Synthyris rotundifolia Gray 1878 non V. rotundifolia Ruiz & Pav. 1798] AM-O04

Veronica ritteriana (Eastw.) Martínez-Ortega & Albach in Albach, Martínez-Ortega et al. 2004 [=Synthyris ritteriana Eastw. 1898, Besseya ritteriana (Eastw.) Rydb. 1903; incl. S. flavescens Nelson 1902, S. reflexa Eastw. 1898, Besseya reflexa (Eastw.) Rydb. 1903] AM-O04

Veronica rubra (Douglas ex Hook.) Martínez-Ortega & Albach in Albach, Martínez-Ortega et al. 2004 [=Gymnandra rubra Douglas ex Hook. 1838, Besseya rubra (Douglas ex Hook.) Rydb. 1903, Lunellia rubra (Douglas ex Hook.) Nieuwl. 1914, Synthyris rubra (Douglas ex Hook.) Benth. in DC. 1846, Wulfenia rubra (Douglas ex Hook.) Greene 1894] AM-O04

Veronica salicifolia Forster 1786 BK04 [=Hebe salicifolia (Forster) Pennell 1921 A61; incl. V. salicifolia var. communis Cockayne 1916 A61, H. salicifolia var. communis (Cockayne) Cockayne & Allan 1926 A61, V. fonkii CA27, H. fonkii CA27]

Veronica schizantha (Piper) Martínez-Ortega & Albach in Albach, Martínez-Ortega et al. 2004 [=Synthyris schizantha Piper 1902] AM-O04

Veronica scutellata [=*Limnaspidium scutellata (Linnaeus) Fourr. 1869, V. (subsect. *Scutellatae) scutellata] AM-O04

Veronica serpyllifolia [=V. (subsect. *Serpyllifolia) serpyllifolia; incl. V. borealis Least. ex Hook.f. 1861] AM-O04

Veronica utahensis Martínez-Ortega & Albach in Albach, Martínez-Ortega et al. 2004 [=Synthyris pinnatifida var. laciniata Gray 1878 non V. laciniata Ait. 1789, S. laciniata (Gray) Rydb. 1900] AM-O04

Veronica wyomingensis (Nelson) Martínez-Ortega & Albach in Albach, Martínez-Ortega et al. 2004 [=Wulfenia wyomingensis Nelson 1898, Besseya wyomingensis (Nelson) Rydberg 1903, Synthyris wyomingensis (Nelson) Heller 1900; incl. Veronica cinerea Rafinesque 1838 (nom. rej. prop.), Besseya cinerea (Rafinesque) Pennell 1933, Wulfenia gymnocarpa Nelson 1898, B. gymnocarpa (Nelson) Rydberg 1903, Synthyris gymnocarpa (Nelson) Heller 1900] AM-O04

Veronica subg. Beccabunga (Hill) Martínez-Ortega, Albach & Fischer in Albach, Martínez-Ortega et al. 2004 [=Becabunga Hill 1756, V. subsect. Beccabunga (Hill) Elenevsky 1977; incl. V. Verwandtschaftsgruppe Acinifolia Römpp 1928, V. subsect. Acinifolia Stroh 1942, V. subsect. Annuae Benth. in DC. 1846, V. subsect. Peregrinae Elenevsky 1977, V. Verwandtschaftsgruppe Serpyllifolia Römpp 1928, V. subsect. Serpyllifolia (Römpp.) Stroh 1942, V. subsect. Telephiifolia Martínez-Ortega & Rico 2001] AM-O04

Veronica subg. Chamaedrys (Koch) Martínez-Ortega, Albach & Fischer in Albach, Martínez-Ortega et al. 2004 [=Chamaedrys Koch 1837, V. subsect. Euchamaedrys Riek 1935, V. subsect. Multiflorae Benth. in DC. 1846; incl. Agerella Fourr. 1869 (nom. inv.), V. sect. Alsinebe Griseb. 1844, V. subsect. Alsinebe Elenevsky 1977, V. Verwandtschaftsgruppe Microsperma Römpp 1928, V. subsect. Microsperma (Römpp) Stroh 1942] AM-O04

Veronica subg. Cochlidiosperma (Rchb.) Martínez-Ortega & Albach in Albach, Martínez-Ortega et al. 2004 [=Veronica (Cochlidiosperma Rchb. 1831–1832, Cochlidiosperma (Rchb.) Rchb. 1837, V. sect. Cochlidiosperma (Rchb.) Benth. 1835, Veronicella Heister in Fabricius 1759 (nom. inv.) non Blainville 1817 (ICZN); incl. Veronica subsect. Cymbalariae Benth. in DC. 1846, Diplophyllum Lehm. 1814 (nom. rej.), Veronica Gruppe Megasperma Lehm. 1910, Veronica sect. Megasperma (Lehm.) Boriss. in Shishkin & Bobrov 1955, Veronica subsect. Megasperma (Römpp.) Stroh 1942, Odicardis Raf. 138, Oligospermum Hong 1984] AM-O04

Veronica subg. Paderotella (Wulff) Boriss. in Shishkin & Bobrov 1955 [=V. sect. Paederotella Wulff 1915] AM-O04

Veronica subg. Pellidosperma (Lehm.) Martínez-Ortega, Albach & Fischer in Albach, Martínez-Ortega et al. 2004 [=V. Gruppe Pellidosperma Lehm. 1910, V. subsect. Pellidosperma (Leh.) Stroh 1942] AM-O04

Veronica subg. Pseudolysimachium (Koch) Martínez-Ortega, Albach & Fischer in Albach, Martínez-Ortega et al. 2004 [=Veronica sect. Pseudo-Lysimachium Koch 1837, Pseudolysimachion Opiz 1852, Veronica (Hedystachys Dumort. 1827), Hedystachys (Dumort.) Fourr. 1869; incl. V. subsect. Alatavicae Boriss. ex Elenevsky 1977, V. ser. Dahuricae Holub 1967, V. subsect. Dahuricae (Holub) Elenevsky 1977, V. ser. Longifoliae Holub 1967, V. subsect. Longifoliae (Holub) Elenevsky 1977, Pseudolysimachion ser. Pinnatae Holub 1967, V. subsect. Pinnatae (Holub) Elenevsky 1977, V. subsect. Schmidtianae Boriss. ex Elenevsky 1977, Pseudolysimachion sect. Schmidtiana (Boriss.) Yamazaki 1982, P. ser. Spuriae Holub 1967, Veronica subsect. Spuriae (Holub) Elenevsky 1977] AM-O04

Veronica subg. Synthyris (Bentham) Martínez-Ortega, Albach & Fischer in Albach, Martínez-Ortega et al. 2004 [=Synthyris Bentham 1846, S. subg. Eusynthyris; incl. Besseya Rydberg 1903, S. subg. Plagiocarpus Pennell 1933] AM-O04

Veronica subg. Triangulicapsula Martínez-Ortega, Albach & Fischer in Albach, Martínez-Ortega et al. 2004 [incl. V. subsect. Digitatae Elenevsky 1977] AM-O04

Veronica subg. Veronica [incl. V. Alpinae Benth. in DC. 1846, V. ser. Alpinae (Benth.) Monts. 1968, V. Verwandtschaftsgruppe Aphyllae Römpp 1928, V. subsect. Aphyllae (Römpp) Stroh 1942, Azurinia Fourr. 1869 (nom. inv.), V. ser. Canae Yamaz. 1957, V. subsect. Canae (Yamaz.) Elenevsky 1977, V. subsect. Carpathicae Elenevsky 1977, Coerulinia Fourr. 1869 (nom. inv.), V. Verwandtschaftsgruppe Glandulosa Römpp 1928, V. ser. Glandulosae (Römpp) Monts. 1968, V. subsect. Glandulosae (Römpp) Stroh 1942, V. Verwandtschaftsgruppe Gouani Römpp 1928, V. ser. Gouani (Römpp) Monts. 1968, Limnaspidium Fourr. 1869 (nom. inv.), V. subsect. Montanae Boriss. ex Elenevsky 1977 non Grimmia sect. Montanae Hagen 1909, V. subsect. Pyroliformes Elenevsky 1977, V. subsect. Pyroliformis, V. subsect. Scutellatae Benth. in DC. 1846, V. subsect. Szechuanicae Elenevsky 1977, V. subsect. Urticifoliae Boriss. ex Elenevsky 1977, V. sect. Veronicastrum Koch 1837 non Veronicastrum Heist. ex Fabricius 1759] AM-O04

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[AM-O04] Albach, D. C., M. M. Martínez-Ortega, M. A. Fischer & M. W. Chase. 2004. A new classification of the tribe Veroniceae—problems and a possible solution. Taxon 53 (2): 429–452.

[A61] Allan, H. H. 1961. Flora of New Zealand vol. 1. Indigenous Tracheophyta: Psilopsida, Lycopsida, Filicopsida, Gymnospermae, Dicotyledones. R. E. Owen, Government Printer: Wellington (New Zealand).

[BG-J01] Bayly, M. J., P. J. Garnock-Jones, K. A. Mitchell, K. R. Markham & P. J. Brownsey. 2001. Description and flavonoid chemistry of Hebe calcicola (Scrophulariaceae), a new species from north-west Nelson, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Botany 39: 55–67.

[BK04] Bayly, M. J., & A. V. Kellow. 2004. Lectotypification of names of New Zealand members of Veronica and Hebe (Plantaginaceae). Tuhinga 15: 43–52.

[BR65] Black, J. M., & E. L. Robertson. 1965. Flora of South Australia. Part IV. Oleaceae–Compositae. W. L. Hawes, Government Printer: Adelaide.

[B00] Braby, M. F. 2000. Butterflies of Australia: their identification, biology and distribution vol. 2. CSIRO Publishing: Collingwood (Victoria).

[C55] Candolle, A. de. 1855. Géographie Botanique Raisonée: Ou exposition des faits principaux et des lois concernant la distribution géographique des plantes de l’époque actuelle vol. 1. Librairie de Victor Masson: Paris.

[C06] Cheeseman, T. F. 1906. Manual of the New Zealand Flora. John Mackay, Government Printer: Wellington.

[CA27] Cockayne, L., & H. H. Allan. 1927. The present taxonomic status of the New Zealand species of Hebe. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 57: 11–47.

[H93] Hickman, J. C. (ed.) 1993. The Jepson Manual: Higher Plants of California. University of California Press: Berkeley (California).

[M-OA03] Martínez-Ortega, M. M., & D. C. Albach. 2003. Proposal to conserve the name Veronica cinerea Boiss. & Balansa against Veronica cinerea Raf. (Scrophulariaceae). Taxon 52: 375–376.

[ME70] Moore, L. B., & E. Edgar. 1970. Flora of New Zealand vol. 2. Indigenous Tracheophyta: Monocotyledones except Gramineae. A. R. Shearer, Government Printer: Wellington (New Zealand).

[O88] Ohba, H. 1988. The alpine flora of the Nepal Himalayas: an introductory note. In: Ohba, H., & S. B. Malla (eds) The Himalayan Plants vol. 1. The University Museum, University of Tokyo, Bulletin 31: 19–46.

[PAE98] Pakeman, R. J., J. P. Attwood & J. Engelen. 1998. Sources of plants colonizing experimentally disturbed patches in an acidic grassland, in eastern England. Journal of Ecology 86: 1032–1041.

Gratioleae

Water mudwort Limosella aquatica, copyright Christian Fischer.

Belongs within: Plantaginaceae.

The Gratioleae are a primarily tropical and warm-temperate group of plants with opposite leaves, simply racemose inflorescences and flowers bearing two distinct, usually flattened stigmas.

<==Gratioleae
    |--Herpestidineae OP01
    |    |--Herpestis C55b
    |    |    |--H. micrantha C55a
    |    |    `--H. monnieria C55b
    |    `--Bacopa Aubl. 1775 OP01, SP56
    |         |  i. s.: B. caroliniana OP01
    |         |         B. eisenii H93
    |         |         B. floribunda LK14
    |         |         B. monnieri VB02
    |         |         B. repens H93
    |         |         B. rotundifolia H93
    |         `--B. subg. Chaetodiscus sect. Naiadothrix (Pennell) Pennell 1946 (see below for synonymy)
    |              |--B. reflexa [=Herpestis reflexa] SP56
    |              `--‘*Benjaminia’ utriculariiformis Martius ex Benjamin 1847 SP56
    `--+--Gratiola Linnaeus 1753 OP01, A61
       |    |--G. aurea C55a
       |    |--G. ebracteata H93
       |    |--G. heterosepala H93
       |    |--G. nana Benth. in DC. 1846 [incl. G. concinna Colenso 1887] A61
       |    |--G. neglecta H93
       |    |--G. officinalis C55a
       |    |--G. pedunculata BR65
       |    |--G. peruviana [incl. G. latifolia] C06
       |    |--G. pilosa OP01
       |    `--G. sexdentata Cunn. 1838 [incl. G. glandulifera Colenso 1885] A61
       `--Limoselleae OP01
            |--Amphianthus pusillus OP01
            `--Limosella Linnaeus 1753 A61
                 |--L. acaulis H93
                 |--L. africana RHS09
                 |--L. aquatica C55a
                 |--L. ciliata Colenso 1889 (n. d.) A61
                 |--L. curdieana Muell. 1875 A61
                 |--L. lineata Glück 1934 BR65 [incl. L. aquatica var. tenuifolia Hoffm. 1804 A61]
                 |    |--L. l. var. lineata A61
                 |    `--L. l. var. spathulata Glück 1934 A61
                 |--L. subulata H93
                 `--L. tenuifolia Nutt. 1818 non L. aquatica var. tenuifolia Hoffm. 1804 A61 [incl. L. australis C06]

Bacopa subg. Chaetodiscus sect. Naiadothrix (Pennell) Pennell 1946 [=Naiadothrix Pennell 1920; incl. Benjaminia Martius ex Benjamin 1847 SP56, Quinquelobus Benjamin 1847 (nom. inv.) SP56]

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[A61] Allan, H. H. 1961. Flora of New Zealand vol. 1. Indigenous Tracheophyta: Psilopsida, Lycopsida, Filicopsida, Gymnospermae, Dicotyledones. R. E. Owen, Government Printer: Wellington (New Zealand).

[BR65] Black, J. M., & E. L. Robertson. 1965. Flora of South Australia. Part IV. Oleaceae–Compositae. W. L. Hawes, Government Printer: Adelaide.

[C55a] Candolle, A. de. 1855a. Géographie Botanique Raisonée: Ou exposition des faits principaux et des lois concernant la distribution géographique des plantes de l’époque actuelle vol. 1. Librairie de Victor Masson: Paris.

[C55b] Candolle, A. de. 1855b. Géographie Botanique Raisonée: Ou exposition des faits principaux et des lois concernant la distribution géographique des plantes de l’époque actuelle vol. 2. Librairie de Victor Masson: Paris.

[C06] Cheeseman, T. F. 1906. Manual of the New Zealand Flora. John Mackay, Government Printer: Wellington.

[H93] Hickman, J. C. (ed.) 1993. The Jepson Manual: Higher Plants of California. University of California Press: Berkeley (California).

[LK14] Lyons, M. N., G. J. Keighery, L. A. Gibson & T. Handasyde. 2014. Flora and vegetation communities of selected islands off the Kimberley coast of Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 81: 205–244.

[OP01] Olmstead, R. G., C. W. dePamphilis, A. D. Wolfe, N. D. Young, W. J. Elisons & P. A. Reeves. 2001. Disintegration of the Scrophulariaceae. American Journal of Botany 88 (2): 348–361.

[RHS09] Roux, J. P., S. D. Hopper & R. J. Smith. 2009. Isoetes eludens (Isoetaceae), a new endemic species from the Kamiesberg, Northern Cape, South Africa. Kew Bulletin 64 (1): 123–128.

[SP56] Smith, L. B., & J. M. Pires. 1956. An evaluation of Benjaminia Martius ex Benjamin. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 46 (3): 86.

[VB02] Vijay, S. K., & T. N. Bhardwaja. 2002. Vegetation and phenodynamics of wetlands of central Rajasthan. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 99 (3): 573–581.