Centropagidae

Male Boeckella gracilipes, from here.

Belongs within: Copepoda.

The Centropagidae are a group of pelagic copepods found in both fresh and salt water.

Characters (from J. M. Bradford-Grieve): Female with rostrum with 2 filaments; rostral margin not extended. Cephalosome and pedigerous somite 1 separate; pedigerous somites 4 and 5 separate. Posterior corners of prosome in lateral view bluntly rounded, or with 1 acute point, or divided into 2 protrusions; dorsal view symmetrical, or asymmetrical. Urosome with 3 free somites, or with 4 free somites. Genital double-somite asymmetrical in dorsal view; gonopores close together and totally covered by single genital operculum; without seminal receptacles. Caudal rami symmetrical. Antenna 1 with 24-25 free segments; ancestral segments X and XI partly fused. Antenna 2 exopod with 6-7 free segments; 10-11 setae; basis and endopod separate. Mandible basis with 4 setae; endopod terminal segment with 7-9 setae. Maxilla 1 basal exite seta present; exopod extends short of endopod distal border. Maxilla 2 coxal epipodite seta absent; endopod setae normal, or claw-like. Maxilliped coxal endite 2 with 3 setae. Leg 1 basis inner distal seta inserted directly on surface of joint; outer seta absent; endopod with 3 segments; exopod with 3 segments; exopod segment 1 with outer distal spine, or without outer distal spine; exopod segment 3 with 4 inner setae. Leg 2 endopod with 3 segments; exopod with 3 segments; exopod segment 3 with 2 outer spines, or with 3 outer spines. Leg 3 basis outer distal spine absent; endopod segment 3 with 5-8 setae. Legs 3 and 4 endopod with 3 segments; exopod with 3 segments; exopod segment 3 with 2 outer spines, or 3 outer spines; exopod segment 3 with 5 inner setae. Leg 4 endopod segment 3 with 4-7 setae. Legs 2-4 surfaces naked; terminal spine with outer border serrated. Leg 5 present; similar to legs 2-4; coxa inner border without seta; exopod segment 2 inner distal border extended into large spine completely fused to segment. Leg 5 exopod segment 3 outer border with 2 spines; inner border with 2 setae, or 4 setae. Male with urosome symmetrical in dorsal view, or asymmetrical in dorsal view. Mouthparts well-developed. Antenna 1 geniculate on right. Maxilliped endopod segments 5 and 6 with outer setae normal. Right leg 5 uniramous, or biramous; endopod 2-segmented, or 3-segmented; exopod 1-3-segmented, may be similar to other legs or may be highly modified into grasping organ. Left leg 5 uniramous, or biramous; endopod 2-segmented, or 3-segmented; exopod 2-3-segmented, may be similar to other legs or may be highly modified.

<==Centropagidae
    |--Pseudoboeckella F45
    |--Hemiboeckella searli Sars 1912 F45
    |--Eurytemora D01
    |    |--E. affinus K-M02
    |    |--E. herdmani B26
    |    `--E. velox D01
    |--Gladioferens Henry 1919 N44
    |    |--G. brevicornis Henry 1919 N44
    |    |--G. gracilis Kiefer 1931 N44
    |    |--G. inermis Nicholls 1944 N44
    |    |--G. pectinatus (Brady 1899) [=Centropages pectinatus] N44
    |    |--G. spinosus Henry 1919 N44
    |    `--G. subsalaria Percival 1937 N44
    |--Centropages Kroyer 1849 F44
    |    |--C. australiensis Fairbridge 1944 F44
    |    |--C. bradyi (Wheeler 1901) B26
    |    |--C. dorsispinatus ZS10
    |    |--C. hamatus (Lilljeborg 1853) F44
    |    |--C. kroyeri (Giesbrecht 1892) F44
    |    |--C. longicornis (Mori 1932) F44
    |    |--C. ponticus (Karawiew 1895) F44
    |    `--C. typicus (Kroyer 1848) F44
    |--Brunella Smith 1909 N44
    |    |--*B. tasmanica Smith 1909 N44
    |    |--B. ampulla Searle 1911 N44
    |    |--B. australis Searle 1911 N44
    |    |--B. expansa Sars 1912 N44
    |    |--B. longicornis Searle 1912 N44
    |    |--B. salina Nicholls 1944 N44
    |    |--B. steeli Henry 1924 N44
    |    `--B. viridis Searle 1911 N44
    `--Boeckella Deguerne & Richard 1889 F45
         |--B. ambigua Percival 1937 F45
         |--B. asymmetrica Searle 1914 F45
         |--B. bergi Richard 1897 [incl. B. bergi var. cornuta Brehm 1937, B. bergi var. serrifera Brehm 1937] F45
         |--B. coronaria Henry 1922 F45
         |--B. delicata Percival 1937 F45
         |--B. dentifera Brehm 1935 F45
         |--B. fluvialis Henry 1922 F45
         |--B. gracilipes Daday 1901 F45
         |--B. gracilis Daday 1902 F45
         |--B. hamata Brehm 1928 F45
         |--B. insignis Smith 1909 F45
         |--B. lacuna Fairbridge 1945 F45
         |--B. longiseta Smith 1909 F45
         |--B. major Searle 1938 F45
         |--B. meteoris Kiefer 1927 F45
         |--B. michaelseni Mrazek 1901 F45
         |--B. minuta Sars 1896 F45
         |--B. nyoraensis Searle 1912 F45
         |--B. occidentalis Marsh 1906 F45
         |--B. opaqua Fairbridge 1945 F45
         |--B. orientalis Sars 1903 F45
         |--B. pellucida Fairbridge 1945 F45
         |--B. poopoensis Marsh 1906 F45
         |--B. propinqua Sars 1904 F45
         |--B. pseudocheles Searle 1912 F45
         |--B. rahmi Brehm 1935 F45
         |--B. robusta Sars 1896 F45
         |--B. rubra Smith 1909 F45
         |--B. saycei Sars 1908 F45
         |--B. symmetrica Sars 1908 F45
         |--B. tenera Sars 1912 F45
         `--B. triarticulata Thompson 1883 (see below for synonymy) F45

Boeckella triarticulata Thompson 1883 [incl. B. triarticulata var. oblonga Brehm 1939, B. triarticulata var. quarta Brehm 1939, B. triarticulata var. sarsi Brehm 1939] F45

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[B26] Bigelow, H. B. 1926. Plankton of the offshore waters of the Gulf of Maine. Bulletin of the Bureau of Fisheries 40 (2): 1–509.

[D01] Daday, E. 1901. Édesvizi mikroszkópi állatok [Mikroskopische Süsswasserthiere]. In: Horváth, G. (ed.) Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazása [Dritte Asiatische Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] vol. 2. Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazásának Állattani Eredményei [Zoologische Ergebnisse der Dritten Asiatischen Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] pp. 375–470. Victor Hornyánszky: Budapest, and Karl W. Hierseman: Leipzig.

[F44] Fairbridge, W. S. 1944. Marine copepods from Western Australia. Series II. Two pelagic copepods from Cockburn Sound. Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia 28: 209–217.

[F45] Fairbridge, W. S. 1945. West Australian fresh-water calanoids (Copepoda). I.–Three new species of Boeckella, with an account of the developmental stages of B. opaqua n. sp. and a key to the genus. Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia 29: 25–65.

[K-M02] Klein-MacPhee, G. 2002. Temperate basses. Family Moronidae. In: Collette, B. B., & G. Klein-MacPhee (eds) Bigelow and Schroeder’s Fishes of the Gulf of Maine 3^rd ed. pp. 374–389. Smithsonian Institute Press: Washington.

[N44] Nicholls, A. G. 1944. Littoral Copepoda from South Australia. (II) Calanoida, Cyclopoida, Notodelphyoida, Monstrilloida and Caligoida. Records of the South Australian Museum 8 (1): 1–62.

[ZS10] Zhang, G.-T., S. Sun, Z.-L. Xu & Q.-L. Zhang. 2010. Unexpected dominance of the subtropical copepod Temora turbinata in the temperate Changjiang River estuary and its possible causes. In: China-Russia Bilateral Symposium: Proceedings of the China-Russia Bilateral Symposium of "Comparison on Marine Biodiversity in the Northwest Pacific Ocean", 10–11 October 2010, Qingdao (China) pp. 100–102. Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; A. V. Zhirmunsky Institute of Marine Biology, Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

Diaptomidae

Diaptomus sp., from the United States Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory.

Belongs within: Copepoda.

The Diaptomidae are a group of pelagic freshwater copepods.

Characters (from J. M. Bradford-Grieve): Female with rostrum without filaments; rostral margin extends into 2 points. Cephalosome and pedigerous somite 1 separate; pedigerous somites 4 and 5 separate. Posterior corners of prosome in lateral view with 1 acute point, or divided into 2 protrusions; dorsal view symmetrical. Urosome with 2 free somites, or with 3 free somites. Genital double-somite symmetrical in dorsal view; gonopores close together and partially covered by single cuticular flap; without seminal receptacles. Caudal rami symmetrical. Antenna 1 with 25 free segments. Antenna 2 exopod with 7 free segments; 12 setae; basis and endopod separate. Mandible basis with 3 setae; endopod terminal segment with 8 setae. Maxilla 1 basal exite seta present; exopod extends short of endopod distal border. Maxilla 2 coxal epipodite seta absent. Maxilliped coxal endite 2 with 2 setae. Leg 1 basis inner distal seta absent; outer seta absent; endopod with 2 segments; exopod with 3 segments; exopod segment 1 with outer distal spine; exopod segment 3 with 4 inner setae. Leg 2 endopod with 3 segments; exopod with 3 segments; exopod segment 3 with 1 outer spine. Leg 3 basis outer distal spine absent. Legs 3 and 4 endopod with 3 segments; exopod with 3 segments; exopod segment 3 with 1 outer spine; exopod segment 3 with 5 inner setae. Leg 4 endopod segment 3 with 7 setae. Legs 2-4 surfaces naked; terminal spine with outer border serrated. Leg 5 present; very dissimilar from legs 2-4; coxa inner border without seta; biramous but not natatory, may be slightly asymmetrical; coxae and intercoxal sclerite fused with outer distal tooth; basis with outer border seta; endopods 1-segmented, rod shaped; exopods 3-segmented, segment 1 cylindrical and unornamented, segment 2 tooth-like with inner border denticles and outer spinule, terminal segment very small and inserted subterminally bearing about 2 spinules. Male with pedigerous somites 4 and 5 fused or partly fused, or separate. Posterior corners of prosome in dorsal view symmetrical, or asymmetrical. Mouthparts well-developed. Antenna 1 geniculate on right. Maxilliped endopod segments 5 and 6 with outer setae normal. Right leg 5 biramous; endopod separate from basis and 1-segmented, or 2-segmented; exopod elongate, 3-segmented, segment 1 with outer distal spine, segment 2 with long spine on outer proximal border and sometimes additional spines and process, segment 3 curved, elongate and spine-like. Left leg 5 biramous; endopod 1-segmented, or 2-segmented; exopod short, 2-segmented, segment 1 naked, segment 2 very small with a few terminal spines.

<==Diaptomidae [Pseudodiaptomidae]
    |--Speodiaptominae B86
    |    |--Speodiaptomus Borutsky 1962 B86
    |    |    `--S. birsteini Borutsky 1962 B86
    |    `--Troglodiaptomus Petkovsky 1978 B86
    |         `--T. sketi Petkovsky 1978 B86
    `--Diaptominae B86
         |--Anadiaptomus Brehm 1952 B86
         |    `--A. poseidon [incl. A. poseidon var. spelaea Brehm 1953] B86
         |--Argyrodiaptomus Brehm 1933 B86
         |    `--A. cavernicolax Shen & Tai 1965 B86
         |--Microdiaptomus Osorio Tafall 1942 B86
         |    `--M. cokeri Osorio Tafall 1942 B86
         |--Notodiaptomus Kiefer 1936 B86
         |    `--N. caperatus Bowman 1979 B86
         |--Spelaeodiaptomus Dussart 1970 B86
         |    `--S. rouchi Dussart 1970 B86
         |--Stygodiaptomus Petkovski 1981 B86
         |    `--S. kieferi Petkovski 1981 B86
         `--Diaptomus D01
              |--D. asiaticus D01
              |--D. castor D37
              |--D. coeruleus D01
              |--D. denticornis D01
              |--D. gracilis D01
              |--D. minutus B68
              |--D. sanguineus R96
              |--D. spinosus D01
              `--D. zichyi Daday 1901 D01

Diaptomidae incertae sedis:
  Arctodiaptomus dorsalis (Marsh 1907) S-MR03
  Leptodiaptomus novamexicanus (Herrick 1895) S-MR03
  Mastigodiaptomus S-MR03
    |--M. albuquerquensis (Herrick 1895) S-MR03
    |--M. maya Suárez-Morales & Elías-Gutiérrez 2000 S-MR03
    |--M. nesus Bowman 1986 S-MR03
    |--M. reidae Suárez-Morales & Elías-Gutiérrez 2000 S-MR03
    `--M. texensis (Wilson 1953) S-MR03
  Poppella N44
  Pseudodiaptomus Herrick 1884 S-MR03, N44
    |--P. cornutus Nicholls 1944 N44
    |--P. marshi Wright 1936 S-MR03
    `--P. salinus N44

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[B86] Bowman, T. E. 1986. Copepoda: Calanoida. In: Botosaneanu, L. (ed.) Stygofauna Mundi: A Faunistic, Distributional, and Ecological Synthesis of the World Fauna inhabiting Subterranean Waters (including the Marine Interstitial) pp. 295–298. E. J. Brill/Dr W. Backhuys: Leiden.

[B68] Brooks, J. L. 1968. The effects of prey size selection by lake planktivores. Systematic Zoology 17 (3): 273–291.

[D01] Daday, E. 1901. Édesvizi mikroszkópi állatok [Mikroskopische Süsswasserthiere]. In: Horváth, G. (ed.) Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazása [Dritte Asiatische Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] vol. 2. Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazásának Állattani Eredményei [Zoologische Ergebnisse der Dritten Asiatischen Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] pp. 375–470. Victor Hornyánszky: Budapest, and Karl W. Hierseman: Leipzig.

[D37] Dobzhansky, T. 1937. Genetics and the Origin of Species. Columbia University Press: New York.

[N44] Nicholls, A. G. 1944. Littoral Copepoda from South Australia. (II) Calanoida, Cyclopoida, Notodelphyoida, Monstrilloida and Caligoida. Records of the South Australian Museum 8 (1): 1–62.

[R96] Roff, D. A. 1996. The evolution of threshold traits in animals. Quarterly Review of Biology 71 (1): 3–35.

[S-MR03] Suárez-Morales, E., & J. W. Reid. 2003. An updated checklist of the continental copepod fauna of the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico, with notes on its regional associations. Crustaceana 76 (8): 977–991.

Cyclops

Cyclops sp., copyright David Nicholls.

Belongs within: Cyclopidae.

Cyclops is a cosmopolitan genus of freshwater copepods characterised by well-defined, angular epimeres on the anterior segments of the body, giving the sides a more or less jagged appearance, and a rudimentary last pair of legs (Sars 1913a).

Characters (from Sars 1913a): Anterior division of body moderately tumid, generally more tapered behind than in front; lateral parts of three anterior trunk segments well defined, sub-angular behind; last trunk segment more or less produced laterally. Tail slender and attenuated, genital segment in female more or less dilated in front. Anterior antennae of varying length, more generally composed of 17 well defined joints, though in some cases, by concrescence, their number may be considerably reduced; those in male strongly hinged, with terminal section distinctly biarticulate. Posterior antennae with all 4 joints well defined, the 1st carrying at the end posteriorly a long ciliated seta. Rudimentary palp of mandibles carrying 2 very long and densely plumose setae accompanied by a short bristle. Maxillary palp scarcely extending beyond masticatory lobe, provided outside near base with 4 ciliated setae, 3 of which issue from a slight expansion of the margin. Anterior maxillipeds moderately strong, with 1st basal joint generally subdivided in the middle, provided anteriorly with a small rounded lobe carrying 2 plumose setae; digitiform lobe issuing from end of this joint anteriorly comparatively small, with none of the setae unguiform. Posterior maxillipeds much more slender, composed of 4 well-defined joints. Natatory legs with both rami generally 3-articulate, though in some cases, by an imperfect separation of the 2 outer joints, one or other of them, or all, may be only biarticulate; inner ramus of 4th pair with 2 apical spines. Last pair of legs very small, generally not extended laterally, composed of 2 joints, the proximal of which in some cases may be coalesced with the corresponding segment, distal joint not expanded, and carrying a slender apical seta and a short lateral spine. Seminal receptacle in female of comparatively simple structure, being generally transversely oval in shape.

Cyclops Müller 1776 BR05
    |--C. abyssicola S13b
    |--C. abyssorum Sars 1863 E75 [=C. strenuus abyssorum E75; incl. C. strenuus var. tenuipes S13b]
    |    |--C. a. abyssorum E75
    |    |--C. a. apenninae Lindberg 1956 E75
    |    |--C. a. bodanus Kiefer 1954 [=C. rubens bodanus, C. strenuus bodanus] E75
    |    |--C. a. bohemicus (Sramek-Husek 1937) E75
    |    |--C. a. carinthicus Lindberg 1955 E75
    |    |--C. a. corsicanus (Lindberg 1955) [=C. rubens corsicanus] E75
    |    |--C. a. divergens Lindberg 1936 E75
    |    |--C. a. divulsus Lindberg 1956 E75
    |    |--C. a. gracilipes (Sars 1903) E75 [=C. strenuus var. gracilipes S13]
    |    |--C. a. laevis (Losito 1902) E75
    |    |--C. a. larianus (Stella 1934) E75
    |    |--C. a. maiorus Lindberg 1957 [incl. C. abyssorum f. resiae Stella 1934] E75
    |    |--C. a. mauritaniae (Lindberg 1950) E75
    |    |--C. a. medianus (Lindberg 1949) E75
    |    |--C. a. novarensis Einsle 1968 E75
    |    |--C. a. paternonis Lindberg 1956 [=C. rubens paternonis] E75
    |    |--C. a. prealpinus (Kiefer 1939) E75
    |    |--C. a. sevani (Mechkova 1947) E75
    |    |--C. a. sibiricus (Lindberg 1949) [=C. rubens sibiricus] E75
    |    |--C. a. tatricus (Kozminski 1927) [incl. C. tatricus tovelanus (Baldi 1941)] E75
    |    `--C. a. vranae (Kozminski 1927) E75
    |--C. arnaudi S13b
    |--C. attenuatus S13b
    |--C. bicolor S13b
    |--C. bisetosus S13b
    |--C. bohater Kozminski 1933 E75
    |--C. caeruleus [=Monoculus caeruleus] L02
    |--C. capillatus S13b
    |--C. captivus [=Monoculus captivus] L02
    |--C. chelifer [=Monoculus chelifer] L02
    |--C. claviger [=Monoculus claviger] L02
    |--C. columbianus Lindberg 1956 E75
    |--C. crassicaudis S13b
    |--C. cunningtoni S13b
    |--C. curticornis L02
    |--C. dengizica [=C. diaphanus var. dengizica] S13b
    |--C. diaphanus S13b [incl. Monoculus minutus L02, C. minutus S13b, C. nanus S13b]
    |--C. furcifer Claus 1857 E75
    |    |--C. f. furcifer E75
    |    |--C. f. borealis E75
    |    `--C. f. caspicus E75
    |--C. gigas [incl. C. ingens] S13b
    |--C. hutchinsoni Kiefer 1936 E75
    |--C. insignis Claus 1857 E75
    |--C. kolensis Lilljeborg 1901 E75
    |--C. lacinulatus L02
    |--C. lacustris Sars 1863 E75
    |--C. ladakanus Kiefer 1936 E75
    |--C. languidus S13b
    |--C. longicornis [=Monoculus longicornis; incl. C. finmarchius] L02
    |--C. lucidulus [incl. C. elongatus, C. parcus, C. vernalis] S13b
    |--C. minuticornis L02
    |--C. ochridanus Kiefer 1932 E75
    |--C. pachycomus S13b
    |--C. pictus S18
    |--C. pulchellus [incl. C. bicuspidatus, C. helgolandicus, C. lubbocki, C. odessanus] S13b
    |--C. robustus [incl. C. brevispinosus] S13b
    |--C. scmirnovi Rylov 1948 E75
    |--C. scutifer Sars 1863 E75
    |    |--C. s. scutifer E75
    |    |--C. s. laurenticus (Lindberg 1956) E75
    |    |--C. s. scandinavicus (Lindberg 1957) E75
    |    `--C. s. wigrensis Kozminski 1927 E75
    |--C. strenuus Fischer 1851 E75 (see below for synonymy)
    |    |--C. s. strenuus E75
    |    `--C. s. landei Kozminski 1933 E75
    |--C. thomasi S13b [=C. bicuspidatus thomasi K-M02]
    |--C. varicans [incl. C. orientalis, C. rubellus] S13b
    |--C. vicinus Uljanin 1875 [incl. C. v. var. glacialis] E75
    |    |--C. v. vicinus E75
    |    |--C. v. brevicornis E75
    |    |--C. v. kikuchii E75
    |    `--C. v. lobosus E75
    `--C. vulgaris [incl. C. viridis var. americana, Monoculus quadricornis viridis, C. viridis] S13b

Cyclops strenuus Fischer 1851 E75 [incl. C. brevicaudatus S13a, C. clausi S13a, Monoculus quadricornis Linnaeus 1758 L58, C. quadricornis S13a, M. quadricornis rubens S13a, C. rubens L02]

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[BR05] Bouchet, P., & J.-P. Rocroi. 2005. Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families. Malacologia 47 (1–2): 1–397.

[E75] Einsle, U. 1975. Revision der Gattuung Cyclops s. str. speziell der abyssorum-Gruppe. Memorie dell’Istituto Italiano di Idrobiologia 32: 57–219.

[K-M02] Klein-MacPhee, G. 2002. Temperate basses. Family Moronidae. In: Collette, B. B., & G. Klein-MacPhee (eds) Bigelow and Schroeder’s Fishes of the Gulf of Maine 3^rd ed. pp. 374–389. Smithsonian Institute Press: Washington.

[L02] Latreille, P. A. 1802b. Histoire Naturelle, générale et particulière des crustacés et des insectes vol. 4. Familles naturelles des genres. F. Dufart: Paris.

[L58] Linnaeus, C. 1758. Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata. Laurentii Salvii: Holmiae.

[S13a] Sars, G. O. 1913a. An Account of the Crustacea of Norway with short descriptions and figures of all the species vol. 6. Copepoda. Cyclopoida pts 1–2. Oithonidae, Cyclopinidae, Cyclopidae (part). Bergen Museum: Bergen.

[S13b] Sars, G. O. 1913b. An Account of the Crustacea of Norway with short descriptions and figures of all the species vol. 6. Copepoda. Cyclopoida pts 3–4. Cyclopidae (continued). Bergen Museum: Bergen.

[S18] Sars, G. O. 1918. An Account of the Crustacea of Norway with short descriptions and figures of all the species vol. 6. Copepoda. Cyclopoida pts 11–12. Lichomolgidae (concluded), Oncaeidae, Corycaeidae, Ergasilidae, Clausiidae, Eunicicolidae, supplement. Bergen Museum: Bergen.

Chydoridae

Alona affinis, copyright Päule.

Belongs within: Anomopoda.

The Chydoridae are a group of benthic cladocerans with setae on the endite of the second trunk limb modified for scraping algae.

<==Chydoridae
    |  i. s.: Rak obtusus P05
    |--Chydorinae CC02
    |    |--Dunhevedia crassa King 1853 CC02
    |    `--Chydorus CC02
    |         |--C. globosus D01
    |         |--C. sphaericus (Muller 1776) CC02
    |         `--C. ventricosus Daday 1898 CC02
    `--Aloninae CC02
         |--Leydigia acanthocercoides (Fischer 1854) CC02
         |--Kurzia latissima (Kurz 1875) CC02
         |--Euryalona orientalis (Daday 1898) CC02
         |--Oxyurella CC02
         |    |--O. singalensis (Daday 1898) CC02
         |    `--O. tenuicaudis (Sars 1862) CC02
         `--Alona CC02
              |--A. acanthocercoides D01
              |--A. affinis D01
              |--A. bessei D86
              |--A. costata D01
              |--A. davidi Richard 1895 CC02
              |    |--A. d. davidi CC02
              |    `--A. d. punctata (Daday 1898) CC02
              |--A. guttata D86
              |--A. lineata D01
              |--A. phreatica D86
              |--A. protzi D86
              |--A. pulchella King 1853 CC02
              |--A. quadrangularis D01
              |--A. rostrata D01
              |--A. smirnovi D86
              |--A. tenuicaudis D01
              `--A. testudinaria D01

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[CC02] Chandrasekhar, S. V. A., & T. Chatterjee. 2002. Cladoceran fauna of Malda district, West Bengal. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 99 (3): 467–470.

[D01] Daday, E. 1901. Édesvizi mikroszkópi állatok [Mikroskopische Süsswasserthiere]. In: Horváth, G. (ed.) Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazása [Dritte Asiatische Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] vol. 2. Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazásának Állattani Eredményei [Zoologische Ergebnisse der Dritten Asiatischen Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] pp. 375–470. Victor Hornyánszky: Budapest, and Karl W. Hierseman: Leipzig.

[D86] Dumont, H. J. 1986. Cladocera. In: Botosaneanu, L. (ed.) Stygofauna Mundi: A Faunistic, Distributional, and Ecological Synthesis of the World Fauna inhabiting Subterranean Waters (including the Marine Interstitial) pp. 263–264. E. J. Brill/Dr W. Backhuys: Leiden.

[P05] Pinder, A. M. 2005. A review of biodiversity in wetlands with organic sediments on the Swan Coastal Plain, Western Australia, with an emphasis on aquatic invertebrates. Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia 88 (3): 129–132.

Oniscidae

Hanoniscus sp., from Bennelongia.

Belongs within: Crinocheta.

The Oniscidae are a group of terrestrial isopods with a well-developed frontal line across the head.

Characters (from Vandel 1973): Cephalon with strongly marked frontal line, with three projecting frontal lobes, one medial and two lateral; supra-antennal line generally well developed, sometimes reduced or absent. Pleurepimeres with ovoid glandular fields, usually small in size, rarely elongated. Pleon continuing directly into pereion without interruption; neopleura large, spreading, falciform. Antennal flagellum consisting of three articles. Endite of maxilliped without penicil. Genital apophysis simple, not bifurcated.

<==Oniscidae [Oniscinae]
    |--Oroniscus V73
    |--Strouhaloniscus V73
    |--Metoponorthus M90
    |    |--M. orientalis D01
    |    `--M. sinensis Dollfus 1901 D01
    |--Phalloniscus Budde-Lund 1908 V73, B35
    |    |--*P. punctatus (Thomson 1879) [=Oniscus punctatus] B35
    |    |--P. armatus Bowley 1935 B35
    |    |--P. chiltoni Bowley 1935 B35
    |    `--P. kenepurensis (Chilton 1901) [=Oniscus kenepurensis] B35
    |--Oniscus Linnaeus 1758 BP03
    |    |--O. asellus Linnaeus 1761 BP03 [incl. O. affinis Say 1818 H47]
    |    |--O. asilus Linnaeus 1758 L58
    |    |--O. entomon Linnaeus 1758 L58
    |    |--O. physodes Linnaeus 1758 L58
    |    `--O. scopulorum Linnaeus 1758 L58
    `--Hanoniscus Budde-Lund 1912 V73
         |--*H. tuberculatus Budde-Lund 1912 [=Phalloniscus (*Hanoniscus) tuberculatus] B35
         |--H. ashtoni Vandel 1973 V73
         |--H. monodi (Bowley 1935) V73 [=Phalloniscus (Hanoniscus) monodi B35]
         |--H. myrmecophilus (Baker 1913) [=Oniscus myrmecophilus] V73
         |--H. nichollsi (Bowley 1935) V73 [=Phalloniscus (Hanoniscus) nichollsi B35]
         `--H. orientalis Vandel 1973 V73

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[B35] Bowley, E. A. 1935. A survey of the oniscoid genus Phalloniscus Budde-Lund, with a description of new species. Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia 21: 45–73.

[BP03] Brandt, A., & G. C. B. Poore. 2003. Higher classification of the flabelliferan and related Isopoda based on a reappraisal of relationships. Invertebrate Systematics 17: 893–923.

[D01] Dollfus, A. 1901. Isopodák [Isopodes]. In: Horváth, G. (ed.) Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazása [Dritte Asiatische Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] vol. 2. Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazásának Állattani Eredményei [Zoologische Ergebnisse der Dritten Asiatischen Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] pp. 371–374. Victor Hornyánszky: Budapest, and Karl W. Hierseman: Leipzig.

[H47] Hatch, M. H. 1947. The Chelifera and Isopoda of Washington and adjacent regions. University of Washington Publications in Biology 10 (5): 155–274.

[L58] Linnaeus, C. 1758. Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata. Laurentii Salvii: Holmiae.

[M90] Muchmore, W. B. 1990. Terrestrial Isopoda. In: Dindal, D. L. (ed.) Soil Biology Guide pp. 805–817. John Wiley & Sones: New York.

[V73] Vandel, A. 1973. Les isopodes terrestres de l'Australie. Étude systématique et biogéographique. Mémoires du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Série A, Zoologie 82: 1–171.

Nematocarcinoidea

Deep-sea prawn Nematocarcinus undulatipes, from Calman (1911).

Belongs within: Caridea.

The Nematocarcinoidea are a group of shrimps possessing strap-like epipods on at least the first three pairs of pereiopods, and a blunt molar process.

<==Nematocarcinoidea MD01
    |--Eugonatonotus MG-H11 [Eugonatonotidae MD01]
    |    `--E. chacei Chan & Yu 1991 MG-H11
    |--Xiphocaris H86 [Xiphocarididae MD01]
    |    `--X. elongata (Guérin 1855) H86
    |--Rhynchocinetidae MD01
    |    |--Lipkius holthuisi Yaldwyn 1960 C85
    |    `--Rhynchocinetes MG-H11
    |         |--R. brucei Okuno 1994 MG-H11
    |         `--R. enigma Okuno 1997 MG-H11
    `--Nematocarcinus Milne Edwards 1881 [Nematocarcinidae] B04
         |--N. ensifer M85
         |--N. productus Bate 1888 MG-H11
         |--N. tenuirostris Bate 1888 MG-H11
         `--N. undulatipes Bate 1888 MG-H11

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[B04] Boyko, C. B. 2004. The Bopyridae (Crustacea, Isopoda) parasites of the Stylodactylidae (Crustacea, Decapoda, Caridea). Zoosystema 26 (2): 199–210.

[C85] Chace, F. A., Jr. 1985. The caridean shrimps (Crustacea: Decapoda) of the Albatross Philippine expedition, 1907–1910, part 3: Families Thalassocarididae and Pandalidae. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 411: 1–143.

[H86] Holthuis, L. B. 1986. Decapoda. In: Botosaneanu, L. (ed.) Stygofauna Mundi: A Faunistic, Distributional, and Ecological Synthesis of the World Fauna inhabiting Subterranean Waters (including the Marine Interstitial) pp. 589–615. E. J. Brill/Dr. W. Backhuys: Leiden.

[M85] Markham, J. C. 1985. A review of the bopyrid isopods infesting caridean shrimps in the northwestern Atlantic Ocean, with special reference to those collected during the Hourglass Cruises in the Gulf of Mexico. Memoirs of the Hourglass Cruises 7 (3): 1–156.

[MD01] Martin, J. W., & G. E. Davis. 2001. An updated classification of the Recent Crustacea. Natural History Museum Los Angeles County, Science Series 39: 1–124.

[MG-H11] McEnnulty, F. R., K. L. Gowlett-Holmes, A. Williams, F. Althaus, J. Fromont, G. C. B. Poore, T. D. O'Hara, L. Marsh, P. Kott, S. Slack-Smith, P. Alderslade & M. V. Kitahara. 2011. The deepwater megabenthic invertebrates on the western continental margin of Australia (100–1100 m depths): composition, distribution and novelty. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 80: 1–191.

Synalpheus

Individual of Synalpheus fritzmuelleri infected by bopyrid isopod, copyright Arthur Anker.

Belongs within: Alpheoidea.

Synalpheus is a pantropical genus of snapping shrimp, commonly found living in association with sessile marine animals such as sponges, corals or crinoids. The genus was erected on the basis of the absence of epipods on the thoracic appendages (Dardeau 1984).

See also: Kneel before the shrimp queen.

<==Synalpheus Bate 1888 D84
    |--S. agelas Pequegnat & Heard 1979 D84
    |--S. anasimus Chace 1972 [=S. anisimanus (l. c.)] D84
    |--S. androsi Coutière 1909 D84
    |--S. apioceros Coutière 1909 D84
    |--S. barahonensis Armstrong 1949 D84
    |--S. bousfieldi Chace 1972 D84
    |--S. brevicarpus (Herrick 1891) D83
    |--S. brevifrons Chace 1972 D84
    |--S. brooksi Coutière 1909 [incl. S. brooksi eleutherae Coutière 1909, S. brooksi strepsiceros Coutière 1909] D84
    |--S. comatularum (Haswell 1882) MG-H11
    |--S. curacaoensis Schmitt 1924 D84
    |--S. disparodigitus Armstrong 1949 D84
    |--S. dominicensis Armstrong 1949 D84
    |--S. filidigitus Armstrong 1949 D84
    |--S. fritzmuelleri Coutière 1909 D84
    |--S. gambarelloides (Nardo 1847) [incl. Alpheus laevimanus Heller 1862, S. laevimanus] D84
    |--S. goodei Coutière 1909 [incl. S. osburni Schmitt 1933] D84
    |    |--S. g. goodei D84
    |    `--S. g. occidentalis Coutière 1909 D84
    |--S. hastilicrassus Coutière 1905 TSH09
    |--S. heardi Dardeau 1984 D84
    |--S. hemphilli Coutière 1908 D84
    |--S. herricki Coutière 1909 (see below for synonymy) D84
    |--S. longicarpus (Herrick 1891) (see below for synonymy) D84
    |--S. lophodactylus Coutière 1908 MG-H11
    |--S. macclendoni Coutière 1910 D84
    |--S. minus (Say 1818) D84
    |--S. neomeris (de Man 1897) MG-H11
    |--S. neptunus MG-H11
    |    |--S. n. neptunus MG-H11
    |    `--S. n. germanus Banner & Banner 1975 MG-H11
    |--S. nilandensis Coutière 1905 MG-H11
    |--S. obtusifrons Chace 1972 D84
    |--S. pandionis Coutière 1909 [incl. S. pandionis extentus Coutière 1909, S. grampusi Coutière 1909] D84
    |--S. paraneptunus Coutière 1909 D84
    |--S. parfaiti Coutière 1898 [=S. laevimanus parfaiti] D84
    |--S. pectiniger Coutière 1907 D84
    |--S. rathbunae Coutière 1909 D84
    |--S. sanctithomae Coutière 1909 D84
    |--S. scaphoceris Coutière 1910 D84
    |--S. sladeni Coutière 1908 D84
    |--S. spongicola Banner & Banner 1981 D84
    |--S. stimpsoni (de Man 1888) TSH09
    |--S. streptodactylus Coutière 1905 MG-H11
    |--S. tenuispina Coutière 1909 D84
    |--S. theano de Man 1910 MG-H11
    |--S. townsendi Coutière 1909 D84
    `--S. tumidomanus (Paul’son 1875) TSH09
         |--S. t. tumidomanus KK03
         `--S. t. africanus Crosnier & Forest 1965 KK03

Synalpheus herricki Coutière 1909 [incl. S. herricki angustipes Coutière 1909, S. herricki dimidiatus Coutière 1909, S. tanneri Coutière 1909] D84

Synalpheus longicarpus (Herrick 1891) [=Alpheus saulcyi var. longicarpus, S. laevimanus var. longicarpus; incl. S. longicarpus approxima Coutière 1909] D84

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[D84] Dardeau, M. R. 1984. Synalpheus shrimps (Crustacea: Decapoda: Alpheidae). I. The Gambarelloides group, with a description of a new species. Memoirs of the Hourglass Cruises 7 (2): 1–125.

[KK03] Kocataş, A., & T. Katağan. 2003. The decapod crustacean fauna of the Turkish seas. Zoology in the Middle East 29: 63–74.

[MG-H11] McEnnulty, F. R., K. L. Gowlett-Holmes, A. Williams, F. Althaus, J. Fromont, G. C. B. Poore, T. D. O'Hara, L. Marsh, P. Kott, S. Slack-Smith, P. Alderslade & M. V. Kitahara. 2011. The deepwater megabenthic invertebrates on the western continental margin of Australia (100–1100 m depths): composition, distribution and novelty. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 80: 1–191.

[TSH09] Titelius, M. A., A. Sampey & C. G. Hass. 2009. Crustaceans of Mermaid (Rowley Shoals), Scott and Seringapatam Reefs, north Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 77: 145–176.

Pandalidae

Narval shrimp Plesionika narval, from HCMR.

Belongs within: Caridea.

The Pandalidae are a cosmopolitan family of shrimp found primarily in colder waters (including deep waters in tropical regions).

Characters (from Chace 1985): Rostrum well-developed, laterally compressed, variable; antennular flagella simple, without accessory branches; mandible with palp and with incisor and molar processes deeply separate; first maxilliped with flagellum on exopod; second maxilliped normal, two distal segments not arising side by side from penultimate segment; first pereopod simple or microscopically chelate; second pereopod chelate, carpus subdivided into two or more articles; first male pleopod with endopod normal, not unusually enlarged or elaborately convoluted.

<==Pandalidae
    |--Dichelopandalus Caullery 1896 B04
    |    `--D. leptocerus K-M02
    |--Chlorocurtis Kemp 1925 C85
    |--Pandalina C85
    |    |--P. brevirostris (Rathke 1843) KK03
    |    `--P. profunda Holthuis 1946 KK03
    |--Austropandalus C85
    |--Procletes levicarina (Bate 1888) MG-H11
    |--Dorodotes Bate 1888 [Dorodoteidae] C85
    |    `--*D. reflexus Bate 1888 C85
    |--Heterocarpoides De Man 1917 [Heterocarpoididae] C85
    |    `--*H. levicarina (Bate 1888) (see below for synonymy) C85
    |--Stylopandalus Coutière 1905 C85
    |    `--*S. richardi (Coutière 1905) (see below for synonymy) C85
    |--Chlorotocella Balss 1914 C85
    |    |--*C. gracilis Balss 1914 C85
    |    `--C. spinicaudus (Milne Edwards 1837) MG-H11
    |--Chlorotocus Milne Edwards 1882 C85
    |    |--C. crassicornis (Costa 1871) (see below for synonymy) C85
    |    `--C. novaezeelandiae (Borradaile 1916) C85
    |--Pandalus Leach 1814 B04
    |    |--P. borealis MF02
    |    |--P. brevis Rathbun 1906 C85
    |    |--P. jordani B78
    |    `--P. montagui AMI02
    |--Heterocarpus Milne Edwards 1881 [Heterocarpidae] C85
    |    |--*H. ensifer Milne Edwards 1881 C85
    |    |    |--H. e. ensifer C85
    |    |    `--H. e. parvispina De Man 1917 C85
    |    |--H. affinis Faxon 1893 C85
    |    |--H. alexandri Milne Edwards 1883 C85
    |    |--H. dorsalis Bate 1888 [incl. H. affinis Borradaile 1915 non Faxon 1893, H. alphonsi Bate 1888] C85
    |    |--H. gibbosus Bate 1888 C85
    |    |--H. grimaldii Milne Edwards & Bouvier 1900 C85
    |    |--H. hayashii Crosnier 1988 MG-H11
    |    |--H. hostilis Faxon 1893 C85
    |    |--H. laevigatus Bate 1888 C85
    |    |--H. laevis Milne Edwards 1883 C85
    |    |--H. lepidus De Man 1917 C85
    |    |--H. longirostris MacGilchrist 1905 C85
    |    |--H. oryx Milne Edwards 1881 C85
    |    |--H. reedi Bahamonde 1955 C85
    |    |--H. sibogae De Man 1917 C85
    |    |--H. signatus Rathbun 1906 C85
    |    |--H. tricarinatus Alcock & Anderson 1894 C85
    |    |--H. unicarinatus Borradaile 1915 C85
    |    |--H. vicarius Faxon 1893 C85
    |    `--H. woodmasoni Alcock 1901 C85
    |--Notopandalus Yaldwyn 1960 B04
    `--Plesionika Bate 1888 [incl. Nothocaris Bate 1888, Parapandalus Borradaile 1899; Plesionikidae] C85
         |--P. ensis (Milne Edwards 1881) [=Acanthephyra ensis; incl. *P. uniproducta Bate 1888] C85
         |--P. acanthonotus (Smith 1882) [=Pandalus acanthonotus] C85
         |--P. acinacifer Chace 1985 C85
         |--P. adensameri (Balss 1914) C85
         |--P. alcocki (Anderson 1896) [=Pandalus alcocki] C85
         |--P. antigai Zariquiey 1955 C85
         |--P. assimilis De Man 1917 C85
         |--P. beebei Chace 1937 C85
         |--P. bifurca Alcock & Anderson 1894 [=Pandalus bifurca] C85
         |--P. binoculus (Bate 1888) [=Nothocaris binoculus] C85
         |--P. brevirostris Bate 1888 C85
         |--P. costelloi (Yaldwyn 1971) C85
         |--P. edwardsii (Brandt 1851) (see below for synonymy) C85
         |--‘Pandalus’ escatilis Stimpson 1860 C85
         |--P. exigua (Rathbun 1906) C85
         |--P. filipes (Calman 1939) C85
         |--P. fimbriata Chace 1985 C85
         |--P. gigliolii (Senna 1903) BRP03
         |--P. gracilis (Zarenkov 1971) C85
         |--P. grandis Doflein 1902 [=Pl. spinipes var. grandis] C85
         |--P. heterocarpus (Costa 1871) C85
         |--P. holthuisi Crosnier & Forest 1968 C85
         |--P. hypanodon Doflein 1902 C85
         |--P. indica De Man 1917 [=P. longipes var. indica] C85
         |--P. intermedia Chace 1985 C85
         |--P. izumiae Omori 1971 C85
         |--P. kensleyi Chace 1985 C85
         |--P. longipes C85
         |--P. lophotes Chace 1985 C85
         |--P. martia (Milne Edwards 1883) C85
         |    |--P. m. martia C85
         |    `--P. m. orientalis Chace 1985 C85
         |--P. mexicana Chace 1937 C85
         |--P. minor Calman 1939 C85
         |--P. multispinosus (Zarenkov 1971) C85
         |--P. narval (Fabricius 1787) (see below for synonymy) C85
         |--P. ocellus (Bate 1888) [=Nothocaris ocellus; incl. Pandalus sindoi Rathbun 1906, Plesionika sindoi] C85
         |--P. orientalis Chace 1985 MG-H11
         |--P. ortmanni Doflein 1902 C85
         |--P. pacifica Edmondson 1952 C85
         |--P. parvimartia Chace 1985 C85
         |--P. persica (Kemp 1925) C85
         |--P. philippinensis Chace 1985 C85
         |--P. pumila Chace 1985 C85
         |--P. quasigrandis Chace 1985 C85
         |--P. reflexa Chace 1985 C85
         |--P. rostricrescentis (Bate 1888) [=*Nothocaris rostricrescentis] C85
         |--P. semilaevis Bate 1888 [=P. martia var. semilaevis] C85
         |--P. serratifrons (Borradaile 1899) [=Pandalus (*Parapandalus) serratifrons] C85
         |--P. simulatrix Chace 1985 C85
         |--P. spinensis Chace 1985 C85
         |--P. spinidorsalis (Rathbun 1906) C85
         |--P. spinipes Bate 1888 [=Parapandalus spinipes] C85
         |--P. tenuipes (Smith 1881) [=Pandalus tenuipes] C85
         |--P. ‘tenuipes’ (Borradaile 1899) non Pandalus tenuipes Smith 1881 C85
         |--P. trispinus Squires & Barragan 1976 C85
         `--P. unidens Bate 1888 C85

Chlorotocus crassicornis (Costa 1871) [=Pandalus crassicornis; incl. C. gracilipes var. andamanensis Alcock & Anderson 1899, *C. gracilipes Milne Edwards 1882, C. incertus Bate 1888 (n. d.)] C85

*Heterocarpoides levicarina (Bate 1888) [=Dorodotes levicarina, Heterocarpus (Heterocarpoides) levicarina; incl. Heterocarpus (Heterocarpoides) glabrus Zarenkov 1971] C85

Plesionika edwardsii (Brandt 1851) [=Pandalus (Pontophilus) edwardsii; incl. Pandalus (Parapandalus) longirostris Borradaile 1899] C85

Plesionika narval (Fabricius 1787) [=Astacus narval, Pandalus narval, Parapandalus narval; incl. Pl. pristis (Risso 1816)] C85

*Stylopandalus richardi (Coutière 1905) [=Pandalus richardi; incl. Pan. (Plesionika) gracilis Borradaile 1915, Parapandalus gracilis, Par. zurstrasseni Balss 1914] C85

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[AMI02] Anger, K., G. S. Moreira & D. Ismael. 2002. Comparative size, biomass, elemental composition (C, N, H), and energy concentration of caridean shrimp eggs. Invertebrate Reproduction and Development 42 (2–3): 83–93.

[BRP03] Bottari, T., P. Rinelli & A. Panebianco. 2003. Trawling lesions in some decapod crustaceans: considerations with regard to government inspections. Crustaceana 76 (8): 927–933.

[B04] Boyko, C. B. 2004. The Bopyridae (Crustacea, Isopoda) parasites of the Stylodactylidae (Crustacea, Decapoda, Caridea). Zoosystema 26 (2): 199–210.

[B78] Brusca, R. C. 1978. Studies on the cymothoid fish symbionts of the eastern Pacific (Crustacea: Isopoda: Cymothoidae) II. Systematics and biology of Lironeca vulgaris Stimpson 1857. Occasional Papers of the Allan Hancock Foundation New Series 2: 1–19.

[C85] Chace, F. A., Jr. 1985. The caridean shrimps (Crustacea: Decapoda) of the Albatross Philippine expedition, 1907–1910, part 3: Families Thalassocarididae and Pandalidae. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 411: 1–143.

[K-M02] Klein-MacPhee, G. 2002. Silver hakes. Family Merlucciidae. In: Collette, B. B., & G. Klein-MacPhee (eds) Bigelow and Schroeder’s Fishes of the Gulf of Maine 3^rd ed. pp. 217–222. Smithsonian Institute Press: Washington.

[KK03] Kocataş, A., & T. Katağan. 2003. The decapod crustacean fauna of the Turkish seas. Zoology in the Middle East 29: 63–74.

[MF02] Martini, F. H., & D. Flescher. 2002. Hagfishes. Family Myxinidae. In: Collette, B. B., & G. Klein-MacPhee (eds) Bigelow and Schroeder’s Fishes of the Gulf of Maine 3^rd ed. pp. 9–16. Smithsonian Institute Press: Washington.

[MG-H11] McEnnulty, F. R., K. L. Gowlett-Holmes, A. Williams, F. Althaus, J. Fromont, G. C. B. Poore, T. D. O'Hara, L. Marsh, P. Kott, S. Slack-Smith, P. Alderslade & M. V. Kitahara. 2011. The deepwater megabenthic invertebrates on the western continental margin of Australia (100–1100 m depths): composition, distribution and novelty. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 80: 1–191.

Homarida

Fossil Hoploparia gabbi, from here.

Belongs within: Astacura.
Contains: Hoploparia.

The Homarida, clawed lobsters, are a group of sometimes large marine decapods. Members of this group have the seventh and eighth thoracic somites fused together (Dixon et al. 2003).

Homarida
    |--Enoplometopus [Enoplometopidae, Enoplometopoidea] DAS03
    |    `--E. occidentalis (Randall 1840) DAS03
    `--Nephropidae DAS03
         |  i. s.: Paleonephrops Mertin 1941 CF06
         |         Nephropsis MG-H11
         |           |--N. acanthura Macpherson 1990 MG-H11
         |           `--N. stewarti Wood-Mason 1872 MG-H11
         |--‘Hoploparia’ buntingi (Feldmann & Holland 1971) TS03
         `--+--+--+--‘Hoploparia’ antarctica Wilckens 1907 TS03
            |  |  `--‘Hoploparia’ tennesseensis Rathbun 1926 TS03
            |  `--+--‘Hoploparia’ bellatrix TS03
            |     `--‘Hoploparia’ shastensis (Rathbun 1929) TS03
            `--+--‘Hoploparia’ gabbi Pilsbry 1901 TS03
               |--‘Homarus’ klebsi TS03
               `--+--Thymopides grobovi TS03
                  |--Hoploparia TS03
                  `--+--‘Hoploparia’ beyrichi (Schlüter 1862) TS03
                     `--+--Nephrops norvegicus (Linnaeus 1758) AFZ04, BRP03
                        |--Homarinus Kornfield 1995 TS03
                        |    `--H. capensis (Herbst 1792) [=Homarus capensis] TS03
                        `--Homarus Weber 1795 TS03
                             |--H. americanus Milne Edwards 1837 PH03
                             |--H. gammarus (Linnaeus 1758) DAS03
                             `--H. morrisi TS03

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[AFZ04] Amati, L., R. M. Feldmann & J.-P. Zonneveld. 2004. A new family of Triassic lobsters (Decapoda: Astacidea) from British Columbia and its phylogenetic context. Journal of Paleontology 78 (1): 150–168.

[BRP03] Bottari, T., P. Rinelli & A. Panebianco. 2003. Trawling lesions in some decapod crustaceans: considerations with regard to government inspections. Crustaceana 76 (8): 927–933.

[CF06] Crawford, R. S., R. F. Feldmann, D. A. Waugh, B. M. Kelley & J. G. Allen. 2006. Decapod crustaceans from the Maastrichtian Fox Hills formation. Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History 47 (1–2): 3–28.

[DAS03] Dixon, C. J., S. T. Ahyong & F. R. Schram. 2003. A new hypothesis of decapod phylogeny. Crustaceana 76: 935–975.

[MG-H11] McEnnulty, F. R., K. L. Gowlett-Holmes, A. Williams, F. Althaus, J. Fromont, G. C. B. Poore, T. D. O'Hara, L. Marsh, P. Kott, S. Slack-Smith, P. Alderslade & M. V. Kitahara. 2011. The deepwater megabenthic invertebrates on the western continental margin of Australia (100–1100 m depths): composition, distribution and novelty. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 80: 1–191.

[PH03] Pinheiro, M. A. A., & G. Y. Hattori. 2003. Embryology of the mangrove crab Ucides cordatus (Brachyura: Ocypodidae). Journal of Crustacean Biology 23 (3): 729–737.

[TS03] Tshudy, D., & U. Sorhannus. 2003. Hoploparia, the best-known fossil clawed lobster (family Nephropidae), is a “wastebasket” genus. Journal of Crustacean Biology 23 (3): 700–711.

Thalassinida

Callianassa tyrrhena, from here.

Belongs within: Reptantia.

The Thalassinida, mud shrimps, are a group of thin-shelled decapods that construct complex burrows in muddy substrates. The first pereiopods of Thalassinida are chelate or subchelate; the second pereiopods are simple or subchelate in Laomediidae, Upogebiidae and Thalassinidae, but chelate in members of the remaining families.

Synapomorphies (from Dixon et al. 2003): Eyes of apposition type. Pereiopod 1 with curved articulation between ischium and merus; row of setae present on pereiopod 2. Seventh thoracic sternite enlarged and lobate.

<==Thalassinida [Axiidea, Callianassoidea, Thalassinidea] DAS03
    |--Jaxea [Laomediidae] DAS03
    |    `--J. nocturna Nardo 1847 DAS03
    `--+--+--Thalassina [Thalassinidae, Thalassinoidea] DAS03
       |  |    `--T. anomala (Herbst 1804) DAS03
       |  `--+--Eiconaxius acutifrons Bate 1888 DAS03
       |     `--Axioidea MD01
       |          |--Strahlaxiidae MD01
       |          |--Micheleidae MD01
       |          |    |--Michelea MG-H11
       |          |    `--Tethisea MG-H11
       |          |--Calocaris DAS03 [Calocarididae MD01]
       |          |    |--C. barnardi K-MC02
       |          |    `--C. macandreae Bell 1846 DAS03
       |          `--Axiidae MG-H11
       |               |--Calastacus myalup Poore & Collins 2009 MG-H11
       |               |--Axiopsis tsushimaensis Sakai 1992 MG-H11
       |               |--Bouvieraxius keiensis Sakai 1992 MG-H11
       |               |--Calaxius acutirostris Sakai & de Saint Laurent 1989 MG-H11
       |               |--Paraxiopsis pumilus (Sakai 1994) MG-H11
       |               |--Planaxius brevifrons Komai & Tachikawa 2008 MG-H11
       |               |--Axius stirhynchus H62
       |               |--Australocaris Poore & Collins 2009 MG-H11
       |               |    `--*A. pinjarup Poore & Collins 2009 MG-H11
       |               `--Acanthaxius MG-H11
       |                    |--A. gathaagudu Poore & Collins 2009 MG-H11
       |                    `--A. ningaloo Poore & Collins 2009 MG-H11
       `--+--Upogebia Leach 1813 DAS03, B55 [Gebiidea, Upogebiidae MD01]
          |    |--U. ancylodactyla de Man 1905 MG-H11
          |    |--U. bowerbankii (Miers 1884) MG-H11
          |    |--U. deltaura (Leach 1815) DAS03
          |    |--U. holthuisi Sakai 1982 MG-H11
          |    |--U. pugettensis H47
          |    |--U. pusilla (Petagna 1792) DAS03
          |    |--U. rostrospinosa Bott 1955 B55
          |    `--U. tipica (Nardo 1869) KK03
          `--+--Callianidea [Callianideidae] DAS03
             |    `--C. typa Milne Edwards 1837 DAS03
             `--Callianassidae MD01
                  |--Lipkecallianassa MG-H11
                  |--Callichirus Stimpson 1866 [Callichirinae] CF06
                  |    |--*C. major (Say 1818) [=Callianassa major] CF06
                  |    |--C. symmetricus (Feldmann & Zinsmeister 1984) [=Callianassa symmetrica] CF06
                  |    `--C. waagei Crawford, Feldmann et al. 2006 CF06
                  `--Callianassa Leach 1814 DAS03, B55
                       |--C. australiensis [=Trypaea australiensis] G75
                       |--C. eiseni (Holmes 1904) [=Lepidophthalmus eiseni] B55
                       |--C. filholi O81
                       |--C. sahul Poore 2008 MG-H11
                       |--C. seilacheri Bott 1955 B55
                       |--C. setimana (de Kay 1842) DAS03
                       |--C. truncata Giard & Bonnier 1890 KK03
                       `--C. tyrrhena (Petagna 1792) DAS03

Thalassinida incertae sedis:
  Ctenochelidae CA04
    |--Anacalliax MD01
    `--Callianopsis de Saint Laurent 1973 CA04
         |--C. australis Casadío, de Angeli et al. 2004 CA04
         |--C. clallamensis (Withers 1924) CA04
         |--C. goniophthalma (Rathbun 1902) CA04
         |--C. inornatus Schweitzer & Feldmann 2001 CA04
         |--C. muratai (Nagao 1932) (see below for synonymy) CA04
         `--C. titaensis (Nagao 1941) CA04
  Thomassiniidae MD01

Callianopsis muratai (Nagao 1932) [incl. Callianassa elongatodigitata Nagao 1941, Callianassa kusiroensis Nagao 1941] CA04

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[B55] Bott, R. 1955. Dekapoden (Crustacea) aus El Salvador. 2. Litorale Dekapoden, außer Uca. Senckenbergiana Biologica 36: 45–70.

[CA04] Casadío, S., A. de Angeli, R. M. Feldmann, A. Garassino, J. L. Hetler, A. Parras & C. E. Schweitzer. 2004. New decapod crustaceans (Thalassinidea, Galatheoidea, Brachyura) from the Middle Oligocene of Patagonia, Argentina. Annals of Carnegie Museum 73 (2): 25–47.

[CF06] Crawford, R. S., R. F. Feldmann, D. A. Waugh, B. M. Kelley & J. G. Allen. 2006. Decapod crustaceans from the Maastrichtian Fox Hills formation. Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History 47 (1-2): 3–28.

[DAS03] Dixon, C. J., S. T. Ahyong & F. R. Schram. 2003. A new hypothesis of decapod phylogeny. Crustaceana 76: 935–975.

[G75] Grant, E. M. 1975. Guide to Fishes. The Co-ordinator-General's Department: Brisbane (Australia).

[H62] Häntzschel, W. 1962. Trace fossils and problematica. In: Moore, R. C. (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt W. Miscellanea: Conodonts, Conoidal Shells of Uncertain Affinities, Worms, Trace Fossils and Problematica pp. W177–W245. Geological Society of America, and University of Kansas Press.

[H47] Hatch, M. H. 1947. The Chelifera and Isopoda of Washington and adjacent regions. University of Washington Publications in Biology 10 (5): 155–274.

[K-MC02] Klein-MacPhee, G., & B. B. Collette. 2002. Scorpionfishes. Family Scorpaenidae. In: Collette, B. B., & G. Klein-MacPhee (eds) Bigelow and Schroeder’s Fishes of the Gulf of Maine 3^rd ed. pp. 331–338. Smithsonian Institute Press: Washington.

[KK03] Kocataş, A., & T. Katağan. 2003. The decapod crustacean fauna of the Turkish seas. Zoology in the Middle East 29: 63–74.

[MD01] Martin, J. W., & G. E. Davis. 2001. An updated classification of the Recent Crustacea. Natural History Museum Los Angeles County, Science Series 39: 1–124.

[MG-H11] McEnnulty, F. R., K. L. Gowlett-Holmes, A. Williams, F. Althaus, J. Fromont, G. C. B. Poore, T. D. O'Hara, L. Marsh, P. Kott, S. Slack-Smith, P. Alderslade & M. V. Kitahara. 2011. The deepwater megabenthic invertebrates on the western continental margin of Australia (100–1100 m depths): composition, distribution and novelty. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 80: 1–191.

[O81] O'Brien, C. O. 1981. A. A. Book of New Zealand Wildlife: A guide to the native and introduced animals of New Zealand. Lansdowne Press: Auckland.

Hoploparia

Immature Hoploparia gammaroides, from here.

Belongs within: Homarida.

Hoploparia is a diverse genus of fossil lobsters from the Cretaceous and Tertiary periods. It is poorly defined, having been used for almost all unspecialised fossil Nephropidae, and Tshudy & Sorhannus (2003) suggested that it is paraphyletic to the Recent genera Euphephrops and Metanephrops.

<==Hoploparia McCoy 1849 [incl. Eunephrops Smith 1885] TS03
    |--H. gammaroides McCoy 1849 TS03
    |--H. riddlensis Feldmann 1974 TS03
    `--+--Nephropides Manning 1969 TS03
       |    `--N. caribaeus TS03
       `--+--‘Eunephrops’ cadenasi TS03
          |--H. pusilla Secretan 1964 TS03
          `--+--+--H. gladiator Pilsbry 1901 TS03
             |  `--+--H. sculpta Secretan 1964 TS03
             |     `--+--H. mesembria Etheridge 1917 TS03
             |        `--+--H. brittonestris (Stenzel 1945) TS03
             |           `--H. collignoni (van Straelen 1949) TS03
             `--+--‘Eunephrops’ bairdii TS03
                `--+--H. bearpawensis Feldmann 1977 TS03
                   `--Metanephrops Jenkins 1972 TS03
                        |--M. binghami TS03
                        |--M. boschmai (Holthuis 1964) MG-H11
                        |--M. rossensis TS03
                        `--M. velutinus Chan & Yu 1991 MG-H11

Hoploparia incertae sedis:
  *H. longimanus (Sowerby 1826) [=Astacus longimanus] TS03
  H. alpinus (van Straelen 1936) TS03
  H. arbei Aguirre-Urreta 1989 TS03
  H. aspera Harbort 1905 TS03
  H. bennetti Woodward 1900 TS03
  H. biserialis Fritsch 1887 TS03
  H. blossomana Rathbun 1935 TS03
  H. columbiana Beurlen 1938 TS03
  H. corneti van Straelen 1921 TS03
  H. dentata (Roemer 1841) TS03
  H. dentonensis Rathbun 1935 TS03
  H. edwardsi (Robineau-Desvoidy 1849) TS03
  H. fraasi (Böhm 1891) TS03
  H. gadzicki Feldmann & Crame 1998 TS03
  H. georgeana Rathbun 1935 TS03
  H. groenlandica Ravn 1903 TS03
  H. hakelensis (Fraas 1878) TS03
  H. hemprichi (Mertin 1941) TS03
  H. intermedia Secretan 1964 TS03
  H. johnsoni Rathbun 1935 TS03
  H. kamuy Karasawa & Hayakaya 2000 TS03
  H. mcnairyensis Rathbun 1929 TS03
  H. micklesoni Bishop 1985 TS03
  H. minima Tribolet 1876 TS03
  H. miyamotoi Karasawa 1998 TS03
  H. muncki Pelseneer 1886 TS03
  H. pelseneeri (van Straelen 1936) TS03
  H. schluteri Tribolet 1874 TS03
  H. senonensis Forir 1887 TS03
  H. stokesi (Weller 1903) TS03
  H. travisensis (Stenzel 1945) TS03
  H. triboleti Borissjak 1904 TS03
  H. trigeri (Milne-Edwards 1886) TS03
  H. tshudyi Schweitzer & Feldmann 2001 TS03
  H. wardi Quayle 1987 TS03

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[MG-H11] McEnnulty, F. R., K. L. Gowlett-Holmes, A. Williams, F. Althaus, J. Fromont, G. C. B. Poore, T. D. O'Hara, L. Marsh, P. Kott, S. Slack-Smith, P. Alderslade & M. V. Kitahara. 2011. The deepwater megabenthic invertebrates on the western continental margin of Australia (100–1100 m depths): composition, distribution and novelty. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 80: 1–191.

[TS03] Tshudy, D., & U. Sorhannus. 2003. Hoploparia, the best-known fossil clawed lobster (family Nephropidae), is a “wastebasket” genus. Journal of Crustacean Biology 23 (3): 700–711.