Showing posts with label Araneida. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Araneida. Show all posts

Hexathelidae

Banded tunnelweb spider Hexathele hochstetteri, copyright Epitree.


Belongs within: Avicularoidea.

The Hexathelidae, funnel web spiders, are a group of medium-sized to large spiders that live in tube or funnel webs under rocks or in crevices (Jocqué & Dippenaar-Schoeman 2007).

Characters (from Jocqué & Dippenaar-Schoeman 2007): Medium-sized to large mygalomorph spiders; cephalic region raised or low; eight eyes; labium provided with numerous cuspules; rastellum absent; three tarsal claws; posterior spinnerets long and slender or short with digitiform apical segment.

<==Hexathelidae
    |  i. s.: Rosamygale grauvogeli Selden & Gall 1992 S02
    |         Bymainiella R95
    |           |--B. lugubris Raven 1978 R95
    |           `--B. terraereginae (Raven 1976) R95
    |--Plesiothelinae JD-S07
    |--Macrothelinae [Macrotheleae] PVD10
    |    |--Stenygrocerus R14
    |    |--Macrothele calpeiana JD-S07
    |    |--Porrhothele Simon 1892 PVD10
    |    |    |--*P. antipodiana (Walckenaer 1837) PVD10 [=Mygale antipodiana S99; incl. M. quoyi S99]
    |    |    |--P. blanda Forster 1968 PVD10
    |    |    |--P. huttoni [=Macrothele huttoni] S99
    |    |    |--P. insignipes S99
    |    |    |--P. moana Forster 1968 PVD10
    |    |    |--P. modesta Forster 1968 PVD10
    |    |    `--P. quadrigyna Forster 1968 PVD10
    |    |--Entomothele S89
    |    |    |--*E. guianensis (Walck. 1837) [=Mygale guianensis] S89
    |    |    `--E. pusilla Simon 1889 S89
    |    |--Phyxioschema S89
    |    `--Thelecoris S89
    |--Atracinae [Atraceae] B96
    |    |--Styphlopis Rainbow 1913 R13
    |    |    `--*S. insularis Rainbow 1913 R13
    |    |--Atrax R14
    |    |    |--A. formidabilis Rainbow 1914 R14 [=Hadronyche formidabilis B96]
    |    |    |--A. modesta R14
    |    |    |--A. robustus (Cambridge 1877) B96
    |    |    `--A. versuta Rainbow 1914 R14 [=Hadronyche versutus B96]
    |    `--Hadronyche R14
    |         |--H. cerberea R14
    |         `--H. infensa FF99
    `--Hexathele Ausserer 1871 [Hexathelae, Hexathelinae] PVD10
         |--*H. hochstetteri Ausserer 1871 PVD10
         |--H. cantuaria Forster 1968 PVD10
         |--H. cavernicola Forster 1968 PVD10
         |--H. cinereopilosa S89
         |--H. exemplar Parrott 1960 PVD10
         |--H. huka Forster 1968 PVD10
         |--H. huttoni Hogg 1908 PVD10
         |--H. kohua Forster 1968 PVD10
         |--H. maitaia Forster 1968 PVD10
         |--H. nigra Forster 1968 PVD10
         |--H. otira Forster 1968 PVD10
         |--H. para Forster 1968 PVD10
         |--H. petriei Goyen 1887 PVD10
         |--H. pukea Forster 1968 PVD10
         |--H. putuna Forster 1968 PVD10
         |--H. ramsayi Forster 1968 PVD10
         |--H. rupicola Forster 1968 PVD10
         |--H. taumara Forster 1968 PVD10
         |--H. waipa Forster 1968 PVD10
         |--H. waita Forster 1968 PVD10
         `--H. wiltoni Forster 1968 PVD10

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[B96] Brunet, B. 1996. Spiderwatch: A Guide to Australian Spiders. Reed New Holland: Sydney.

[FF99] Forster, R., & L. Forster. 1999. Spiders of New Zealand and their World-wide Kin. University of Otago Press: Dunedin (New Zealand).

[JD-S07] Jocqué, R., & A. S. Dippenaar-Schoeman. 2007. Spider Families of the World. Royal Museum for Central Africa: Tervuren (Belgium).

[PVD10] Paquin, P., C. J. Vink & N. Dupérré. 2010. Spiders of New Zealand: annotated family key and species list. Manaaki Whenua Press: Lincoln (New Zealand).

[R13] Rainbow, W. J. 1913. Arachnida from the Solomon Islands. Records of the Australian Museum 10 (1): 1–16.

[R14] Rainbow, W. J. 1914. Studies in Australian Araneidae, no. 6, the Terretelariae. Records of the Australian Museum 10 (8): 187–270.

[R95] Raven, R. J. 1995. Coxal glands of spiders of the genera Bymainiella, Atrax and Namea (Hexathelidae, Dipluridae, Mygalomorphae). Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 52: 67–71.

[S02] Selden, P. A. 2002. First British Mesozoic spider, from Cretaceous amber of the Isle of Wight, southern England. Palaeontology 45 (5): 973–983.

[S99] Simon, E. 1889. Voyage de M. E. Simon au Venezuela (Décembre 1887–Avril 1888). 4e mémoire. Arachnides. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France, 6e série 9: 169–220, pls 1–3.

[S99] Simon, E. 1899. Ergebnisse einer Reise nach dem Pacific (Schauinsland 1896–1897. Zoologische Jahrbücher, Abteilung für Systematik, Geographie un Biologie der Thiere 12 (4): 411–437.

Cycloctenidae

Toxopsiella medialis, copyright Te Papa Tongarewa.


Belongs within: Amaurobioidea.

The Cycloctenidae, scuttling spiders, are a group of free-living hunting spiders endemic to Australasia (Jocqué & Dippenaar-Schoeman 2007).

Characters (from Jocqué & Dippenaar-Schoeman 2007): Small to medium-sized araneomorph spiders; eight eyes, eyes in two strongly recurved rows with posterior eyes much larger than anterior one; three tarsal claws; claw tufts and scopulae absent; ecribellate; entelegyne.

<==Cycloctenidae [Cyclocteninae]
    |--Galliena Simon 1898 JD-S07
    |--Uzakia Koçak & Kemal 2008 PVD10 [=Anaua Forster 1970 (preoc.) PVD10, JD-S07]
    |    `--*U. unica (Forster 1970) [=*Anaua unica] PVD10
    |--Plectophanes Bryant 1935 PVD10
    |    |--*P. frontalis Bryant 1935 PVD10
    |    |--P. altus Forster 1964 PVD10
    |    |--P. archeyi Forster 1964 PVD10
    |    |--P. hollowayae Forster 1964 PVD10
    |    `--P. pilgrimi Forster 1964 PVD10
    |--Cycloctenus Koch 1878 PVD10
    |    |--C. agilis Forster 1979 PVD10
    |    |--C. centralis Forster 1979 PVD10
    |    |--C. duplex Forster 1979 PVD10
    |    |--C. fiordensis Forster 1979 PVD10
    |    |--C. flaviceps Koch 1878 S99
    |    |--C. fugax Goyen 1890 PVD10
    |    |--C. lepidus Urquhart 1890 PVD10
    |    |--C. nelsonensis Forster 1979 PVD10
    |    |--C. paturau Forster 1979 PVD10
    |    |--C. pulcher Urquhart 1891 PVD10
    |    `--C. westlandicus Forster 1964 PVD10
    `--Toxopsiella Forster 1964 PVD10
         |--*T. lawrencei Forster 1964 PVD10
         |--T. alpina Forster 1964 PVD10
         |--T. australis Forster 1964 PVD10
         |--T. centralis Forster 1964 PVD10
         |--T. dugdalei Forster 1964 PVD10
         |--T. horningi Forster 1979 PVD10
         |--T. medialis Forster 1964 PVD10
         |--T. minuta Forster 1964 PVD10
         |--T. nelsonensis Forster 1979 PVD10
         |--T. orientalis Forster 1964 PVD10
         |--T. parrotti Forster 1964 PVD10
         `--T. perplexa Forster 1964 PVD10

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[JD-S07] Jocqué, R., & A. S. Dippenaar-Schoeman. 2007. Spider Families of the World. Royal Museum for Central Africa: Tervuren (Belgium).

[PVD10] Paquin, P., C. J. Vink & N. Dupérré. 2010. Spiders of New Zealand: annotated family key and species list. Manaaki Whenua Press: Lincoln (New Zealand).

[S99] Simon, E. 1899. Ergebnisse einer Reise nach dem Pacific (Schauinsland 1896–1897. Zoologische Jahrbücher, Abteilung für Systematik, Geographie un Biologie der Thiere 12 (4): 411–437.

Mahura

Mahura hinua, copyright Te Papa Tongarewa.


Belongs within: Agelenidae.

Mahura is a New Zealand genus of small, fast-moving spiders, including both cribellate and ecribellate species, that do not appear to construct a snare.

<==Mahura Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--*M. turris Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--M. accola Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--M. bainhamensis Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--M. boara Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--M. crypta Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--M. detrita Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--M. hinua Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--M. musca Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--M. rubella Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--M. rufula Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--M. scuta Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--M. sorenseni Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--M. southgatei Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--M. spinosa Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--M. spinosoides Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--M. takahea Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--M. tarsa Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    `--M. vella Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[PVD10] Paquin, P., C. J. Vink & N. Dupérré. 2010. Spiders of New Zealand: annotated family key and species list. Manaaki Whenua Press: Lincoln (New Zealand).

Agelenidae

Tararua clara, copyright Te Papa Tongarewa.


Belongs within: Amaurobioidea.
Contains: Tegenaria, Mahura, Neoramia, Orepukia, Oramia.

The Agelenidae are a cosmopolitan group of spiders that construct flat sheet-webs attached to funnel-shaped retreats (Jocqué & Dippenaar-Schoeman 2007).

Characters (from Jocqué & Dippenaar-Schoeman 2007): Small to medium-sized araneomorph spiders; eight eyes; ecribellate; colulus paired; posterior spinnerets two-segmented, long and slender, with apical segment tapering towards tip; tarsi with trichobothria increasing in length towards tip; three tarsal claws; entelegyne.

<==Agelenidae [Agalenoidae]
    |--Ageleninae PVD10
    |    |--Tegenaria PVD10
    |    |--Malthonica Simon 1898 PVD10
    |    |    |--M. pagana (Koch 1840) PVD10
    |    |    `--M. silvestris (Koch 1872) SL14
    |    `--Agelena Walckenaer 1805 JD-S07
    |         |--A. consociata Denis 1965 A02
    |         |--A. labyrinthica (Clerck 1757) S02 [=Aranea labirinthica C01, Tegenaria labirinthica C01]
    |         |--A. limbata E95
    |         |--A. naevia CM07
    |         |--A. republicana JD-S07
    |         `--A. rhodesiae Pocock 1901 P01
    `--+--Mahura PVD10
       |--Neoramia PVD10
       |--Orepukia PVD10
       |--Oramiella Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
       |    `--*O. wisei Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
       |--Neorepukia Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
       |    |--*N. pilama Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
       |    `--N. hama Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
       |--Paramyro Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
       |    |--*P. apicus Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
       |    `--P. parapicus Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
       |--Porotaka Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
       |    |--*P. detrita Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
       |    `--P. florae Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
       |--Tuapoka Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
       |    |--*T. ovalis Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
       |    `--T. cavata Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
       |--Ahua Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
       |    |--*A. vulgaris Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
       |    |--A. dentata Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
       |    |--A. insula Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
       |    `--A. kaituna Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
       |--Tararua Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
       |    |--*T. celeripes (Urquhart 1891) PVD10
       |    |--T. clara Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
       |    |--T. diversa Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
       |    |--T. foordi Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
       |    |--T. puna Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
       |    |--T. ratuma Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
       |    `--T. versuta Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
       |--Oramia PVD10
       `--Huka Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
            |--*H. pallida Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
            |--H. alba Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
            |--H. lobata Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
            |--H. minima Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
            `--H. minuta Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10

Agelenidae incertae sedis:
  Hololena BS02
    |--H. adnexa E95
    `--H. nedra Chamberlin & Ivie 1942 BS02
  Olorunia ocellata Pocock 1900 JD-S07, HD-S02
  Agelescape affinis (Kulczyński 1901) [=Agelena affinis] MG03
  Textrix K55
    |--T. coarctata (Dufour 1831) K55
    `--T. denticulata E95
  Wadotes JVHN90
  Alloagelena WZ08
  Histopona Thorell 1869 MG03
    `--H. torpida (Koch 1834) SL14
  ‘Hina’ Forster 1964 non Marwick 1927 F64
    `--H. delli (Forster 1955) [=Ostearius delli] F64
  Agelenopsis BS02
    |--A. aperta BS09
    `--A. utahana (Chamberlin & Ivie 1933) PS08
  Lycosoides Lucas 1846 MG03
    |--L. algirica Lucas 1846 E12
    |--L. coarctata (Dufour 1831) MG03
    |--L. digitalis Lycas 1846 E12
    |--L. flavomaculata Lucas 1846 E12
    |--L. lehtineni Marusik & Guseinov 2003 MG03
    |--L. pallipes Lucas 1846 E12
    |--L. rufipes Lucas 1846 E12
    `--L. rufithorax Lucas 1846 E12
  Eocryphoeca S93
    |--E. distincta (Petrunkevitch 1942) S93
    |--E. fossilis (Petrunkevitch 1942) S93
    `--E. gracilipes (Koch & Berendt 1854) S93
  Mastigusa S93
    |--M. acuminata Menge 1854 S93
    `--M. modesta Menge 1854 S93
  Thyelia P92

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[A02] Agnarsson, I. 2002. Sharing a web—on the relation of sociality and kleptoparasitism in theridiid spiders (Theridiidae, Araneae). Journal of Arachnology 30 (2): 181–188.

[BS02] Baird, C. R., & R. L. Stoltz. 2002. Range expansion of the hobo spider, Tegenaria agrestis, in the northwestern United States (Araneae, Agelenidae). Journal of Arachnology 30 (2): 201–204.

[BS09] Blackledge, T. A., N. Scharff, J. A. Coddington, T. Szüts, J. W. Wenzel, C. Y. Hayashi & I. Agnarsson. 2009. Reconstructing web evolution and spider diversification in the molecular era. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 106 (13): 5229–5234.

[C01] Cambridge, F. O. P. 1901. A revision of the genera of the Araneae or spiders with reference to their type species. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, series 7, 7: 51–65.

[CM07] Cokendolpher, J. C., & P. G. Mitov. 2007. Natural enemies. In: Pinto-da-Rocha, R., G. Machado & G. Giribet (eds) Harvestmen: The Biology of Opiliones pp. 339–373. Harvard University Press: Cambridge (Massachusetts).

[E95] Elgar, M. A. 1995. The duration of copulation in spiders: comparative patterns. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 52: 1–11.

[E12] Evenhuis, N. L. 2012. Publication and dating of the Exploration Scientifique de l'Algérie: Histoire Naturelle des Animaux Articulés (1846–1849) by Pierre Hippolyte Lucas. Zootaxa 3448: 1–61.

[F64] Forster, R. R. 1964. The Araneae and Opiliones of the subantarctic islands of New Zealand. Pacific Insects Monograph 7: 58–115.

[HD-S02] Haddad, C. R., & A. S. Dippenaar-Schoeman. 2002. The influence of mound structure on the diversity of spiders (Araneae) inhabiting the abandoned mounds of the snouted harvester termite Trinervitermes trinervoides. Journal of Arachnology 30 (2): 403–408.

[JVHN90] Jennings, D. T., W. M. Vander Haegen & A. M. Narahara. 1990. A sampling of forest-floor spiders (Araneae) by expellant, Moosehorn National Wildlife Refuge, Maine. Journal of Arachnology 18: 173–180.

[JD-S07] Jocqué, R., & A. S. Dippenaar-Schoeman. 2007. Spider Families of the World. Royal Museum for Central Africa: Tervuren (Belgium).

[K55] Kraus, O. 1955. Spinnen von Korsika, Sardinien und Elba (Arach., Araneae). Senckenbergiana Biologica 36: 371–394.

[MG03] Marusik, Yu. M., & E. F. Guseinov. 2003. Spiders (Arachnida: Aranei) of Azerbaijan. 1. New family and genus records. Arthropoda Selecta 12 (1): 29–46.

[PVD10] Paquin, P., C. J. Vink & N. Dupérré. 2010. Spiders of New Zealand: annotated family key and species list. Manaaki Whenua Press: Lincoln (New Zealand).

[PS08] Pinzón, J., & J. Spence. 2008. Performance of two arboreal pitfall trap designs in sampling cursorial spiders from tree trunks. Journal of Arachnology 36 (2): 280–286.

[P01] Pocock, R. I. 1901. Diagnoses of some new species of spiders from Mashonaland. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, series 7, 7: 337–340.

[P92] Poinar, G. O., Jr. 1992. Life in Amber. Stanford University Press: Stanford.

[SL14] Samu, F., G. Lengyel, É. Szita, A. Bidló & P. Ódor. 2014. The effect of forest stand characteristics on spider diversity and species composition in deciduous-coniferous mixed forests. Journal of Arachnology 42 (2): 135–141.

[S93] Selden, P. A. 1993. Arthropoda (Aglaspidida, Pycnogonida and Chelicerata). In: Benton, M. J. (ed.) The Fossil Record 2 pp. 297–320. Chapman & Hall: London.

[S02] Selden, P. A. 2002. Missing links between Argyroneta and Cybaeidae revealed by fossil spiders. Journal of Arachnology 30 (2): 189–200.

[WZ08] Wang, X.-P., & M.-S. Zhu. 2008. Himalmartensus, a new genus of the spider family Amaurobiidae from Nepal (Araneae). Journal of Arachnology 36 (2): 241–250.

Orepukia

Orepukia poppelwelli, copyright James Tweed.


Belongs within: Agelenidae.

Orepukia is a New Zealand genus of spiders found mostly on the forest floor, constructing formless webs under fallen debris.

<==Orepukia Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--*O. sorenseni Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--O. alta Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--O. catlinensis Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--O. dugdalei Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--O. egmontensis Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--O. florae Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--O. geophila Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--O. grisea Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--O. insula Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--O. nota Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--O. nummosa (Hogg 1909) PVD10
    |--O. orophila Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--O. pallida Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--O. poppelwelli Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--O. prina Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--O. rakiura Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--O. redacta Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--O. riparia Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--O. sabua Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--O. similis Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--O. simplex Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--O. tanea Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--O. tonga Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    `--O. virtuta Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[PVD10] Paquin, P., C. J. Vink & N. Dupérré. 2010. Spiders of New Zealand: annotated family key and species list. Manaaki Whenua Press: Lincoln (New Zealand).

Neoramia

Neoramia alta, copyright Steve Kerr.


Belongs within: Agelenidae.

Neoramia is a New Zealand genus of usually large spiders that construct webs as a formless sheet attached to a retreat.

<==Neoramia PVD10
    |--*N. charybdis (Hogg 1910) PVD10
    |--N. allanae PVD10
    |--N. alta PVD10
    |--N. childi Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--N. crucifera (Hogg 1909) PVD10
    |--N. finschi (Koch 1872) PVD10
    |--N. fiordensis Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--N. hoggi (Forster 1964) PVD10
    |--N. hokina Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--N. janus (Bryant 1935) PVD10 [=Ixeuticus janus FF99, Marplesia janus FF99]
    |--N. koha Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--N. komata Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--N. mamoea Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--N. marama Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--N. margaretae Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--N. matua Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--N. minuta Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--N. nana Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--N. oroua Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--N. otagoa Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--N. raua Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    `--N. setosa (Bryant 1935) PVD10

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[FF99] Forster, R., & L. Forster. 1999. Spiders of New Zealand and their World-wide Kin. University of Otago Press: Dunedin (New Zealand).

[PVD10] Paquin, P., C. J. Vink & N. Dupérré. 2010. Spiders of New Zealand: annotated family key and species list. Manaaki Whenua Press: Lincoln (New Zealand).

Maniho

Maniho cantuarius, copyright Ivan Magalhaes.


Belongs within: Amphinectidae.

Maniho is a New Zealand genus of spiders that construct small sheet webs on the forest floor under fallen logs or bark.

<==Maniho Marples 1959 PVD10
    |--*M. tigris Marples 1959 PVD10
    |--M. australis Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--M. cantuarius Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--M. centralis Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--M. gracilis FF99
    |--M. insulanus Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--M. meridionalis Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--M. ngaitahu Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--M. otagoensis Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--M. pumilio Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    `--M. vulgaris Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[FF99] Forster, R., & L. Forster. 1999. Spiders of New Zealand and their World-wide Kin. University of Otago Press: Dunedin (New Zealand).

[PVD10] Paquin, P., C. J. Vink & N. Dupérré. 2010. Spiders of New Zealand: annotated family key and species list. Manaaki Whenua Press: Lincoln (New Zealand).

Aorangia

Aorangia sp., photographed by S. E. Thorpe.


Belongs within: Amphinectidae.

Aorangia is a New Zealand genus of ground-dwelling spiders characterised by long posterior spinnerets with prominent spigots along the inner side of the distal segment.

&tl==Aorangia Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--*A. ansa Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--A. agama Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--A. fiordensis Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--A. isolata Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--A. kapitiensis Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--A. mauii Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--A. muscicola Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--A. obscura Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--A. otira Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--A. pilgrimi Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--A. poppelwelli Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--A. pudica Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--A. semita Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--A. silvestris Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--A. singularis Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    `--A. tumida Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[PVD10] Paquin, P., C. J. Vink & N. Dupérré. 2010. Spiders of New Zealand: annotated family key and species list. Manaaki Whenua Press: Lincoln (New Zealand).

Mamoea

Mamoea pilosa, copyright Ivan Magalhaes.


Belongs within: Amphinectidae.

Mamoea is a New Zealand genus of species that are common on the forest floor (Paquin et al. 2010).

<==Mamoea Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--*M. rufa (Berland 1931) PVD10 [=Rubrius rufus NS00]
    |--M. assimilis Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--M. bicolor (Bryant 1935) PVD10 [=Rubrius bicolor NS00]
    |--M. cantuaria Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--M. cooki Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--M. florae Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--M. grandiosa Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--M. hesperis Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--M. hughsoni Forster & Wilton 1973 NS00
    |--M. inornata Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--M. mandibularis (Bryant 1935) PVD10 [=Rubrius mandibularis NS00]
    |--M. maorica Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--M. montana Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--M. monticola Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--M. otira Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--M. pilosa (Bryant 1935) PVD10 [=Cambridgea pilosa NS00]
    |--M. rakiura Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--M. unica Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    `--M. westlandica Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[NS00] Nicholls, D. C., P. J. Sirvid, S. D. Pollard & M. Walker. 2000. A list of arachnid primary types held in Canterbury Museum. Records of the Canterbury Museum 14: 37–48.

[PVD10] Paquin, P., C. J. Vink & N. Dupérré. 2010. Spiders of New Zealand: annotated family key and species list. Manaaki Whenua Press: Lincoln (New Zealand).

Huara

Huara grossa female, photographed by S. E. Thorpe.


Belongs within: Amphinectidae.

Huara is a New Zealand genus of spiders characterised by a straight anterior row of eyes together with the presence of a free median apophysis on the male palp (Forster 1964).

Characters (from Forster 1964): Large spiders with the anterior row of eyes straight wben viewed from in front. Legs with a double row of spines on the ventral surfaces of tibiae and metatarsi, trichobothria on tibiae, metatarsi and tarsi and a scopula on the ventral surface of all tarsi. Spinnerets short, colulus well developed. Male with a free median apophysis.

<==Huara Forster 1964 PVD10
    |--*H. antarctica (Berland 1931) PVD10 [=Gohia antarctica F64, Chiracanthium antarcticum F64]
    |--H. chapmanae Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--H. decorata Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--H. dolosa Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--H. grossa Forster 1964 PVD10
    |--H. hastata Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--H. inflata Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--H. kikkawa Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--H. marplesi Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--H. mura Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--H. ovalis (Hogg 1909) PVD10
    |--H. pudica Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    `--H. sorenseni (Forster 1955) [=Chiracanthium sorenseni] F64

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[F64] Forster, R. R. 1964. The Araneae and Opiliones of the subantarctic islands of New Zealand. Pacific Insects Monograph 7: 58–115.

[PVD10] Paquin, P., C. J. Vink & N. Dupérré. 2010. Spiders of New Zealand: annotated family key and species list. Manaaki Whenua Press: Lincoln (New Zealand).

Gasparia

Gasparia delli, copyright Te Papa Tongarewa.


Belongs within: Desidae.

Gasparia is a New Zealand genus of spiders found in habitats ranging from the intertidal zone to open alpine localities.

<==Gasparia Marples 1956 PVD10
    |--*G. nebulosa Marples 1956 PVD10
    |--G. busa Forster 1970 PVD10
    |--G. coriacea Forster 1970 PVD10
    |--G. delli (Forster 1955) PVD10
    |--G. dentata Forster 1970 PVD10
    |--G. edwardsi Forster 1970 PVD10
    |--G. kaiangaroa Forster 1970 PVD10
    |--G. littoralis Forster 1970 PVD10
    |--G. lomasi Forstere 1970 PVD10
    |--G. mangamuka Forster 1970 PVD10
    |--G. manneringi (Forster 1964) PVD10
    |--G. montana Forster 1970 PVD10
    |--G. nava Forster 1970 PVD10
    |--G. nelsonensis Forster 1970 PVD10
    |--G. nuntia Forster 1970 PVD10
    |--G. oparara Forster 1970 PVD10
    |--G. parva Forster 1970 PVD10
    |--G. pluta Forster 1970 PVD10
    |--G. rupicola Forster 1970 PVD10
    |--G. rustica Forster 1970 PVD10
    |--G. tepakia Forster 1970 PVD10
    `--G. tuaiensis Forster 1970 PVD10

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[PVD10] Paquin, P., C. J. Vink & N. Dupérré. 2010. Spiders of New Zealand: annotated family key and species list. Manaaki Whenua Press: Lincoln (New Zealand).

Hapona

Hapona otagoa, from Forster (1970).


Belongs within: Desidae.

Hapona is a New Zealand genus of small spiders found primarily in association with damp undergrowth in forests, particularly ferns.

<==Hapona Forster 1970 PVD10
    |--*H. otagoa (Forster 1964) PVD10
    |--H. amira Forster 1970 PVD10
    |--H. aucklandensis (Forster 1964) PVD10
    |--H. crypta (Forster 1964) PVD10
    |--H. insula (Forster 1964) PVD10
    |--H. marplesi (Forster 1964) PVD10
    |--H. moana Forster 1970 PVD10
    |--H. momona Forster 1970 PVD10
    |--H. muscicola (Forster 1964) PVD10 [=Toxopsiella muscicola NS00]
    |--H. paihia Forster 1970 PVD10
    |--H. reinga Forster 1970 PVD10
    |--H. salmoni (Forster 1964) PVD10
    `--H. tararua Forster 1970 PVD10

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[NS00] Nicholls, D. C., P. J. Sirvid, S. D. Pollard & M. Walker. 2000. A list of arachnid primary types held in Canterbury Museum. Records of the Canterbury Museum 14: 37–48.

[PVD10] Paquin, P., C. J. Vink & N. Dupérré. 2010. Spiders of New Zealand: annotated family key and species list. Manaaki Whenua Press: Lincoln (New Zealand).

Goyenia

Goyenia lucrosa, copyright Oscar Thomas.


Belongs within: Desidae.

Goyenia is a New Zealand genus of spiders found living on the foliage of low shrubs.

<==Goyenia Forster 1970 PVD10
    |--*G. electa Forster 1970 PVD10
    |--G. fresa Forster 1970 PVD10
    |--G. gratiosa Forster 1970 PVD10
    |--G. lucrosa Forster 1970 PVD10
    |--G. marplesi Forster 1970 PVD10
    |--G. multidentata Forster 1970 PVD10
    |--G. ornata Forster 1970 PVD10
    |--G. sana Forster 1970 PVD10
    |--G. scitula Forster 1970 PVD10
    `--G. sylvatica Forster 1970 PVD10

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[PVD10] Paquin, P., C. J. Vink & N. Dupérré. 2010. Spiders of New Zealand: annotated family key and species list. Manaaki Whenua Press: Lincoln (New Zealand).

Pakeha

Pakeha hiloa, copyright Te Papa Tongarewa.


Belongs within: Amaurobiidae.

Pakeha is a New Zealand genus of ground-dwelling spiders bearing paired stridulatory spines on the trochanter of the male palp.

<==Pakeha Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--*P. protecta Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--P. buechlerae Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--P. duplex Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--P. hiloa Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--P. inornata Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--P. insignita Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--P. kirki (Hogg 1909) PVD10
    |--P. lobata Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--P. manapouri Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--P. maxima Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--P. media Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--P. minima Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--P. paratecta Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--P. parroti Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--P. pula Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--P. stewartia Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--P. subtecta Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    `--P. tecta Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[PVD10] Paquin, P., C. J. Vink & N. Dupérré. 2010. Spiders of New Zealand: annotated family key and species list. Manaaki Whenua Press: Lincoln (New Zealand).

Latrodectus

Western black widow Latrodectus hesperus, copyright Marshal Hedin.


Belongs within: Theridiidae.

Latrodectus, the widow spiders, is a cosmopolitan genus of cob web spiders including a number of species of medical interest due to their toxic bites. Members of the genus are characterised by widely separated lateral eyes, a large colulus, and the absence of cheliceral teeth (Garb et al. 2004).

<==Latrodectus Walckenaer 1805 [Latrodectinae] PVD10
    |--+--L. geometricus Koch 1841 GGG04
    |  `--L. rhodesiensis Mackay 1972 GGG04
    `--+--L. renivulvatus Dahl 1902 GGG04
       |--L. tredecimguttatus (Rossi 1790) GGG04 [incl. L. tredecimguttatus var. lugubris C01, L. schuchii GGG04]
       `--+--+--L. hasselti Thorell 1870 GGG04 [inl. L. scelio Thorell 1870 S99]
          |  |    |--L. h. hasselti T72
          |  |    `--L. h. indicus Simon 1897 T72
          |  `--L. katipo Powell 1870 GGG04 (see below for synonymy)
          `--+--L. menavodi (Vinson 1863) GGG04
             `--+--+--L. pallidus Cambridge 1872 GGG04
                |  `--L. revivensis Shulov 1948 GGG04
                `--+--+--+--L. bishopi (Kaston 1938) GGG04
                   |  |  `--L. variolus (Walckenaer 1837) GGG04
                   |  `--+--L. hesperus Chamberlin & Ivie 1935 GGG04
                   |     `--L. mactans (Fabricius 1775) GGG04
                   `--+--L. mirabilis (Holmberg 1876) GGG04
                      |--L. variegatus Nicolet 1849 GGG04
                      `--+--L. corallinus Abalos 1980 GGG04
                         `--L. diaguita Carcavallo 1960 GGG04

Latrodectus incertae sedis:
  L. antheratus (Badcock 1932) GGG04
  L. apicalis (Butler 1877) GGG04
  L. atritus Urquhart 1890 GGG04, NS00 [=L. katipo var. atritus NS00]
  L. cinctus (Blackwall 1865) GGG04
  L. curacaviensis (Müller 1776) GGG04
  L. dahli (Levi 1959) GGG04
  L. erythromelas (Schmidt & Klaas 1991) GGG04
  L. hystrix (Simon 1890) GGG04
  L. indistinctus (Cambridge 1904) GGG04
  L. karrooensis (Smithers 1944) GGG04
  L. lilianae Melic 2000 GGG04
  L. obscurior (Dahl 1902) GGG04
  L. ornatus Lucas 1846 E12
  L. quartus Abalos 1980 GGG04
  L. spinipes Lucas 1846 E12

Latrodectus katipo Powell 1870 GGG04 [incl. Theridium melanozantha Urquhart 1887 NS00, T. zebrinia Urquhart 1890 NS00]

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[C01] Csiki, E. 1901. Utivázlat [Reiseskizze]. In: Horváth, G. (ed.) Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazása [Dritte Asiatische Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] vol. 2. Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazásának Állattani Eredményei [Zoologische Ergebnisse der Dritten Asiatischen Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] pp. xii–xli. Victor Hornyánszky: Budapest, and Karl W. Hierseman: Leipzig.

[E12] Evenhuis, N. L. 2012. Publication and dating of the Exploration Scientifique de l'Algérie: Histoire Naturelle des Animaux Articulés (1846–1849) by Pierre Hippolyte Lucas. Zootaxa 3448: 1–61.

[GGG04] Garb, J. E., A. González & R. G. Gillespie. 2004. The black widow spider genus Latrodectus (Araneae: Theridiidae): phylogeny, biogeography, and invasion history. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 31: 1127–1142.

[NS00] Nicholls, D. C., P. J. Sirvid, S. D. Pollard & M. Walker. 2000. A list of arachnid primary types held in Canterbury Museum. Records of the Canterbury Museum 14: 37–48.

[PVD10] Paquin, P., C. J. Vink & N. Dupérré. 2010. Spiders of New Zealand: annotated family key and species list. Manaaki Whenua Press: Lincoln (New Zealand).

[S99] Simon, E. 1899. Ergebnisse einer Reise nach dem Pacific (Schauinsland 1896–1897. Zoologische Jahrbücher, Abteilung für Systematik, Geographie un Biologie der Thiere 12 (4): 411–437.

[T72] Tikader, B. K. 1972. Spider fauna of India: catalogue and bibliography. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 69 (1): 91–101.

Haplinis

Haplinis exigua, copyright Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa.


Belongs within: Linyphiidae.

Haplinis is an Australian genus of small spiders in which the male palp bears a long filiform or spiniform embolus that forms a loop lying in part outside the cymbium.

<==Haplinis Simon 1894 PVD10
    |--*H. subclathrata Simon 1894 PVD10
    |--H. abbreviata (Blest 1979) PVD10
    |--H. alticola Blest & Vink 2002 PVD10
    |--H. anomala Blest & Vink 2003 PVD10
    |--H. antipodiana Blest & Vink 2002 PVD10
    |--H. attenuata Blest & Vink 2002 PVD10
    |--H. australis Blest & Vink 2003 PVD10
    |--H. banksi (Blest 1979) PVD10
    |--H. brevipes (Blest 1979) PVD10
    |--H. chiltoni (Hogg 1911) PVD10
    |--H. contorta (Blest 1979) PVD10
    |--H. diloris (Urquhart 1886) PVD10
    |--H. dunstani (Blest 1979) PVD10
    |--H. exigua Blest & Vink 2002 PVD10
    |--H. fluviatilis (Blest 1979) PVD10
    |--H. fucatinia (Urquhart 1894) PVD10
    |--H. fulvolineata Blest & Vink 2002 PVD10
    |--H. horningi (Blest 1979) PVD10
    |--H. inexacta (Blest 1979) PVD10
    |--H. innotabilis (Blest 1979) PVD10
    |--H. insignis (Blest 1979) PVD10
    |--H. major (Blest 1979) PVD10
    |--H. marplesi Blest & Vink 2003 PVD10
    |--H. minutissima (Blest 1979) PVD10
    |--H. morainicola Blest & Vink 2002 PVD10
    |--H. mundenia (Urquhart 1894) PVD10
    |--H. paradoxa (Blest 1979) PVD10
    |--H. redacta (Blest 1979) PVD10
    |--H. rufocephala (Urquhart 1888) PVD10
    |--H. rupicola Blest 1979 PVD10
    |--H. silvicola (Blest 1979) PVD10
    |--H. similis (Blest 1979) PVD10
    |--H. subdola (Pickard-Cambridge 1879) PVD10
    |--H. subtilis Blest & Vink 2002 PVD10
    |--H. taranakii (Blest 1979) PVD10
    |--H. tegulata (Blest 1979) PVD10
    |--H. titan (Blest 1979) PVD10
    |--H. tokaanuae Blest & Vink 2002 PVD10
    `--H. wairarapa Blest & Vink 2002 PVD10

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[PVD10] Paquin, P., C. J. Vink & N. Dupérré. 2010. Spiders of New Zealand: annotated family key and species list. Manaaki Whenua Press: Lincoln (New Zealand).

Linyphia

Linyphia triangularis, copyright Gail Hampshire.


Belongs within: Linyphiidae.

Linyphia is a Palaearctic genus of small spiders in which the male palp has an inconspicuous embolus when unextended and a spirally coiled terminal apophysis.

<==Linyphia Latreille 1804 [Linyphieae] W76
    |--*L. triangularis (Clerck 1757) SC97 [=Araneus triangularis C01, Epeira (Linyphia) triangularis G20]
    |--L. albiapiata Urquhart 1891 (n. d.) PVD10
    |--L. aucklandensis Forster 1964 [=L. campbellensis (l. c.)] F64
    |--L. cruentum Urquhart 1891 (n. d.) PVD10
    |--L. fastuosa Lucas 1846 E12
    |--L. gibbosa Lucas 1846 E12
    |--L. javensis Doleschall 1859 D59
    |--L. litigiosa E95
    |--L. marginata K01
    |--L. montana [=Aranea montana] C01
    |--L. multicolor Urquhart 1891 (n. d.) PVD10
    |--L. oblonga Koch & Berendt 1854 S93
    |--L. pallipes Lucas 1846 E12
    |--L. pellos Urquhart 1891 (n. d.) PVD10
    `--L. setosa Forster 1964 F64

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[C01] Cambridge, F. O. P. 1901. A revision of the genera of the Araneae or spiders with reference to their type species. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, series 7, 7: 51–65.

[D59] Doleschall, C. L. 1859. Tweede Bijdrage tot de kennis der Arachniden van den Indischen Archipel. Verhandelingen der Natuurkundige Vereeniging in Nederlandsch Indie [Acta Societatis Scientiarum Indo-Neêrlandicae] 5 (5): 1–60, pls 1–18.

[E95] Elgar, M. A. 1995. The duration of copulation in spiders: comparative patterns. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 52: 1–11.

[E12] Evenhuis, N. L. 2012. Publication and dating of the Exploration Scientifique de l'Algérie: Histoire Naturelle des Animaux Articulés (1846–1849) by Pierre Hippolyte Lucas. Zootaxa 3448: 1–61.

[F64] Forster, R. R. 1964. The Araneae and Opiliones of the subantarctic islands of New Zealand. Pacific Insects Monograph 7: 58–115.

[G20] Goldfuss, G. A. 1820. Handbuch der Naturgeschichte vol. 3. Handbuch der Zoologie pt 1. Johann Leonhard Schrag: Nürnberg.

[K01] Kulczyński, V. 1901. Arachnoideák [Arachnoidea]. In: Horváth, G. (ed.) Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazása [Dritte Asiatische Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] vol. 2. Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazásának Állattani Eredményei [Zoologische Ergebnisse der Dritten Asiatischen Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] pp. 311–369. Victor Hornyánszky: Budapest, and Karl W. Hierseman: Leipzig.

[PVD10] Paquin, P., C. J. Vink & N. Dupérré. 2010. Spiders of New Zealand: annotated family key and species list. Manaaki Whenua Press: Lincoln (New Zealand).

[SC97] Scharff, N., & J. A. Coddington. 1997. A phylogenetic analysis of the orb-weaving spider family Araneidae (Arachnida, Araneae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 120: 355–434.

[S93] Selden, P. A. 1993. Arthropoda (Aglaspidida, Pycnogonida and Chelicerata). In: Benton, M. J. (ed.) The Fossil Record 2 pp. 297–320. Chapman & Hall: London.

[W76] Wunderlich, J. 1976. Spinnen aus Australien. 2. Linyphiidae (Arachnida: Araneida). Senckenbergiana Biologica 57 (1-3): 125–142.

Parafroneta

Parafroneta marrineri female, photographed by S. E. Thorpe.


Belongs within: Linyphiidae.

Parafroneta is a genus of linyphiid spiders endemic to New Zealand in which the male palp is typically long and slender, without significant dilation apically.

<==Parafroneta Blest 1979 PVD10
    |--*P. marrineri (Hogg 1909) PVD10
    |--P. ambigua Blest 1979 PVD10
    |--P. confusa Blest 1979 PVD10
    |--P. demota Blest & Vink 2002 PVD10
    |--P. haurokoae Blest & Vink 2002 PVD10
    |--P. hirsuta Blest & Vink 2003 PVD10
    |--P. insula Blest 1979 PVD10
    |--P. minuta Blest 1979 PVD10
    |--P. monticola Blest 1979 PVD10
    |--P. persimilis Blest 1979 PVD10
    |--P. pilosa Blest & Vink 2003 PVD10
    |--P. subalpina Blest & Vink 2002 PVD10
    |--P. subantarctica Blest 1979 PVD10
    `--P. westlandica Blest & Vink 2002 PVD10

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[PVD10] Paquin, P., C. J. Vink & N. Dupérré. 2010. Spiders of New Zealand: annotated family key and species list. Manaaki Whenua Press: Lincoln (New Zealand).

Laetesia

Laetesia olvidada, copyright Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa.


Belongs within: Linyphiidae.

Laetesia is a genus of linyphiid spiders, found in south-east Asia and Australasia, with eyes arranged in two procurved lines.

<==Laetesia Simon 1908 PVD10
    |--L. amoena Millidge 1988 PVD10
    |--L. aucklandensis (Forster 1964) PVD10
    |--L. bellissima Millidge 1988 PVD10
    |--L. chathami Millidge 1988 PVD10
    |--L. distincta Millidge 1988 PVD10
    |--L. forsteri Wunderlich 1976 W76
    |--L. germana Millidge 1988 PVD10
    |--L. intermedia Blest & Vink 2003 PVD10
    |--L. minor Millidge 1988 PVD10
    |--L. mollita Simon 1908 W76
    |--L. nornalupiensis Wunderlich 1976 W76
    |--L. olvidada Blest & Vink 2003 PVD10
    |--L. paragermana Blest & Vink 2003 PVD10
    |--L. peramoena (Pickard-Cambridge 1879) PVD10
    |--L. prominens Millidge 1988 PVD10
    |--L. pseudamoena Blest & Vink 2003 PVD10
    |--L. pulcherrima Blest & Vink 2003 PVD10
    |--L. trispathulata (Urquhart 1886) PVD10 [=Linyphia trispathulata NS00]
    `--L. woomerensis Wunderlich 1976 W76

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[NS00] Nicholls, D. C., P. J. Sirvid, S. D. Pollard & M. Walker. 2000. A list of arachnid primary types held in Canterbury Museum. Records of the Canterbury Museum 14: 37–48.

[PVD10] Paquin, P., C. J. Vink & N. Dupérré. 2010. Spiders of New Zealand: annotated family key and species list. Manaaki Whenua Press: Lincoln (New Zealand).

[W76] Wunderlich, J. 1976. Spinnen aus Australien. 2. Linyphiidae (Arachnida: Araneida). Senckenbergiana Biologica 57 (1–3): 125–142.

Oecobiidae

Wall spider Oecobius navus, copyright Robert Whyte.


Belongs within: Eresoidea.

The Oecobiidae are a cosmopolitan group of small to medium-sized spiders that construct small star-shaped mesh-webs or multilayered webs over cracks or crevices in rocks or walls (Jocqué & Dippenaar-Schoeman 2007).

Characters (from Jocqué & Dippenaar-Schoeman 2007): Small to medium-sized araneomorph spiders; three tarsal claws; cribellate or ecribellate; entelegyne; six or eight eyes; anal tubercle large, two-segmented with a double fringe of curved setae.

<==Oecobiidae
    |--Uroecobiinae JD-S07
    |    |--Urocteana Roewer 1961 JD-S07
    |    `--Uroecobius Jullmann & Zimmermann 1976 JD-S07
    |--Urocteinae [Urocteidae] JD-S07
    |    |--Paruroctea blauvelti Petrunkevitch 1942 S93
    |    `--Uroctea Dufour 1820 JD-S07
    |         `--U. durandi A99
    `--Oecobiinae JD-S07
         |--Paroecobius Lamoral 1981 JD-S07
         |--Platoecobius Chamberlin & Ivie 1935 JD-S07
         `--Oecobius Lucas 1846 PVD10
              |--*O. navus Blackwell 1859 PVD10
              |--O. annulipes Lucas 1846 E12
              |--O. cellariorum JD-S07
              |--O. concinnus (Simon 1893) GLV14
              `--O. domesticus Lucas 1846 E12

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[A99] Ax, P. 1999. Das System der Metazoa II. Ein Lehrbuch der phylogenetischen Systematik. Gustav Fisher Verlag: Stuttgart (transl. 2000. Multicellular Animals: The phylogenetic system of the Metazoa vol. 2. Springer).

[E12] Evenhuis, N. L. 2012. Publication and dating of the Exploration Scientifique de l'Algérie: Histoire Naturelle des Animaux Articulés (1846–1849) by Pierre Hippolyte Lucas. Zootaxa 3448: 1–61.

[GLV14] García, L. F., M. Lacava & C. Viera. 2014. Diet composition and prey selectivity by the spider Oecobius concinnus (Araneae: Oecobiidae) from Colombia. Journal of Arachnology 42 (2): 199–201.

[JD-S07] Jocqué, R., & A. S. Dippenaar-Schoeman. 2007. Spider Families of the World. Royal Museum for Central Africa: Tervuren (Belgium).

[PVD10] Paquin, P., C. J. Vink & N. Dupérré. 2010. Spiders of New Zealand: annotated family key and species list. Manaaki Whenua Press: Lincoln (New Zealand).

[S93] Selden, P. A. 1993. Arthropoda (Aglaspidida, Pycnogonida and Chelicerata). In: Benton, M. J. (ed.) The Fossil Record 2 pp. 297–320. Chapman & Hall: London.