Neritidae

Neritoplica trochispira, from Bandel & Kiel (2003).

Belongs within: Neritoidea.
Contains: Nerita.

The Neritidae are marine gastropods characterised by a shell with dissolved inner whorls and radula with large, smooth, mineralised lateral teeth with a cutting and scraping edge (Bandel 2001).

Neritidae [Neritae, Neritinia]
    |--Velates Montfort 1810 [Velatinae] BR05
    |    |--V. schmiedelianus Chemnitz 1886 B01 (see below for synonymy)
    |    |--V. balkanicus Bontscheff 1897 B01
    |    |--V. californicus Vokes 1935 B01
    |    |--V. noetlingi Cossmann & Pisarro 1909 B01
    |    |--V. perversus (Gmelin 1791) KC60 [=Nerita perversa B01]
    |    `--V. vizcainoensis Cushing-Woods & Saul 1986 B01
    |--Smaragdiinae [Smaragdiidae, Smaragdinae] BR05
    |    |--Tanzaniella Lupu 1979 B01
    |    |    `--*T. souverbiana (Montrozier 1883) B01 (see below for synonymy)
    |    |--Neodesmieria Magne & Vergneau-Saubade 1974 B01
    |    |    `--*N. sanctistephani (Cossmann & Peyrot 1917) [=Nerita sanctistephani] B01
    |    |--Magadis Melvill & Standen 1899 KC60
    |    |    `--*M. eumerintha Melvill & Standen 1899 KC60
    |    `--Smaragdia Issel 1869 BR05 [=Gaillardotia Bourguignat 1877 KC60]
    |         |  i. s.: ‘Neritina’ expansa Reuss 1856 B01
    |         |--*S. (Smaragdia) viridis (Linnaeus 1758) B01 [=Nerita viridis KC60, *Gaillardotia viridis KC60]
    |         |    |--S. v. viridis WE63
    |         |    `--S. v. viridemaris WE63
    |         |--S. (Smaragdella Baker 1923) KC60
    |         |    `--S. (*S.) hellvillensis (Crosse 1881) [=Neritina hellvillensis] KC60
    |         `--S. (Smaragdista Iredale 1936) KC60
    |              `--S. (*S.) tragena (Iredale 1936) [=*Smaragdista tragena] KC60
    `--Neritinae [Protoneritidae] BR05
         |--Nerita BR05
         |--Protonerita Kittl 1894 BR05
         |    `--*P. calcitica Kittl 1894 BR17 [=Neritaria calcitica TE01]
         |--Semineritina Cossmann 1925 [=Seminerita Wenz 1938] B01
         |    `--*S. mammaria (Lamarck 1804) B01 [=Nerita mammaria KC60]
         |--Bathynerita Clarke 1989 B01
         |    `--*B. naticoidea Clarke 1989 B01
         |--Cryptonerita Kittl 1894 [=Cryptonatica (l. c.) non Dall 1892] KC60
         |    `--*C. elliptica Kittle 1894 KC60
         |--Trochonerita Cossmann 1907 KC60
         |    `--*T. mammaeformis (d’Orbigny 1850) [=Nerita mammaeformis] KC60
         |--Tournouerella Munier-Chalmas 1887 [=Tournoueria Munier-Chalmas 1884 non Brusina 1870] KC60
         |    `--*T. matheroni (Munier-Chalmas 1884) [=*Tournoueria matheroni] KC60
         |--Trachynerita Kittl 1894 B01
         |    |--*T. fornoensis Kittl 1894 TE01
         |    |--T. depressa KC60
         |    `--T. quadrata (Stoppani 1858) [=Turbo quadrata] KC60
         |--Mesoneritina Yen 1946 B01
         |    |--*M. nebrascensis (Meek & Hayden 1862) B01 [=Neritella nebrascensis BK03]
         |    |--M. ajkaensis Bandel & Kiel 2003 BK03
         |    |--M. liasina G88
         |    |--M. morrisonensis G88
         |    `--M. subhercynica (Mertin 1939) BK03
         |--Neritoma Morris 1849 KC60
         |    |  i. s.: N. nuda B01
         |    |         N. woodfordi Allison 1955 B01
         |    |--*N. (Neritoma) sinuosa (Sowerby 1818) B01 [=Nerita sinuosa KC60]
         |    `--N. (Staffinia Anderson & Cox 1948) KC60
         |         `--N. (*S.) staffinensis (Forbes 1851) [=Neritina staffinensis] KC60
         |--Lyosoma White 1880 KC60, B01
         |    |--*L. powelli White 1876 B01
         |    |--‘Nerita’ costifera B01
         |    |--‘Nerita’ costulata Deshayes 1838 B01
         |    |--‘Nerita’ pseudocostata Orbigny 1849 B01
         |    `--‘Nerita’ subrugosa Hudleston 1894 B01
         |--Puperita Gray 1857 B01
         |    |--*P. pupa (Linné 1767) B01 [=Nerita pupa KC60, Neritina pupa B01]
         |    |--P. bensoni (Récluz 1850) B01
         |    |--P. japonica B01
         |    |--P. tristis (Orbigny 1842) B01
         |    `--P. vincta Usticke 1969 BC01
         `--Neritoplica Oppenheim 1892 KC60 [incl. Bajanerita Squires 1993 BK03]
              |--*N. uniplicata (Sowerby 1823) BK03 (see below for synonymy)
              |--N. dockeryi Bandel & Kiel 2003 BK03
              |--N. loganensis (Erickson 1974) [=Neritina loganensis] BK03
              |--N. matheroni Oppenheim 1895 BK03
              |--N. oppenheimi Bandel & Kiel 2003 BK03
              |--N. pisum (Meek 1873) BK03
              |--N. subornata (Orbigny 1850) B01
              `--N. trochispira Bandel & Kiel 2003 BK03

Neritidae incertae sedis:
  Agapilia Harzhauser & Kowalke 2001 GK02, B01
    `--*A. picta (Férussac 1825) [=Nerita picta, Neritina picta] B01
  Tomostoma Deshayes 1823 B01 [incl. Calana Gray 1847 KC60]
    |--*T. neritoides (Deshayes 1823) B01 [=Pileolus neritoides KC60]
    `--T. dudariensis (Strausz 1966) [=Pileolus (Tomostoma) dudariensis] B01
  Neritoptyx Oppenheim 1892 BK03
    |--*N. goldfussi (Keferstein 1829) [=Nerita goldfussi, Neritopsis goldfussi] BK03
    |--N. renauxiana (d’Orbigny 1842) BK03
    `--N. reticulirata (Dockery 1993) [=Nerita reticulirata] BK03
  Schwardtina Bandel & Riedel 1994 BK03
    `--*S. cretacea (Tausch 1886) [=Helix cretacea] B01

*Neritoplica uniplicata (Sowerby 1823) BK03 [=Neritina uniplicata BK03; incl. Nerita globosa Ferussac 1823 KC60, Neritina globulus Deshayes 1824 BK03, Neritoplica globulus B01]

*Tanzaniella souverbiana (Montrozier 1883) B01 [=Neritina souverbiana B01; incl. N. (Vitta) pulcherrima Angas 1871 PB27]

Velates schmiedelianus Chemnitz 1886 B01 [=Neritina schmiedeliana B01; incl. *V. conoideus Montfort 1810 BR17, N. conoidea B01]

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[B01] Bandel, K. 2001. The history of Theodoxus and Neritina connected with description and systematic evaluation of related Neritimorpha (Gastropoda). Mitteilungen des Geologisch-Paläontologischen Institutes der Universität Hamburg 85: 65–164.

[BK03] Bandel, K., & S. Kiel. 2003. Relationships of Cretaceous Neritimorpha (Gastropoda, Mollusca), with the description of seven new species. Bulletin of the Czech Geological Survey 78 (1): 53–65.

[BR05] Bouchet, P., & J.-P. Rocroi. 2005. Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families. Malacologia 47 (1–2): 1–397.

[BR17] Bouchet, P., J.-P. Rocroi, B. Hausdorf, A. Kaim, Y. Kano, A. Nützel, P. Parkhaev, M. Schrödl & E. E. Strong. 2017. Revised classification, nomenclator and typification of gastropod and monoplacophoran families. Malacologia 61 (1–2): 1–526.

[BC01] Boyko, C. B., & J. R. Cordeiro. 2001. Catalog of Recent type specimens in the Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History. V. Mollusca, part 2 (class Gastropoda [exclusive of Opisthobranchia and Pulmonata], with supplements to Gastropoda [Opisthobranchia], and Bivalvia). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 262: 1–170.

[G88] Gray, J. 1988. Evolution of the freshwater ecosystem: the fossil record. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 62: 1–214.

[GK02] Gründel, J., & T. Kowalke. 2002. Palaeorissoinidae, a new family of marine and brackish water Rissooidea (Gastropoda, Littorinimorpha). Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie Abhandlungen 226 (1): 43–57.

[KC60] Knight, J. B., L. R. Cox, A. M. Keen, R. L. Batten, E. L. Yochelson & R. Robertson. 1960. Gastropoda: systematic descriptions. In: Moore, R. C. (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt I. Mollusca 1: Mollusca—General Features, Scaphopoda, Amphineura, Monoplacophora, Gastropoda—General Features, Archaeogastropoda and some (mainly Paleozoic) Caenogastropoda and Opisthobranchia pp. I169–I331. Geological Society of America, and University of Kansas Press.

[PB27] Pilsbry, H. A., & J. Bequaert. 1927. The aquatic mollusks of the Belgian Congo, with a geographical and ecological account of Congo malacology. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 53 (2): 69–602, pls 10–77.

[TE01] Tong, J., & D. H. Erwin. 2001. Triassic gastropods of the southern Qinling Mountains, China. Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology 92: 1–47.

[WE63] Warmke, G. L., & D. S. Erdman. 1963. Records of marine mollusks eaten by bonefish in Puerto Rican waters. Nautilus 76 (4): 115–120.

Nerita

Checkered nerites Nerita tessellata, copyright James St. John.

Belongs within: Neritidae.

Nerita, the nerites, is a cosmopolitan genus of marine snails with an ovate to hemispherical solid shell bearing spiral ribs (Bandel 2001).

Characters (from Bandel 2001): Shell ovate to hemispherical, solid, with low spire, enveloping body whorl with aperture usually bearing denticulate columellar septum and crenulated interior on outer lip; ornament of spiral ribs. Inner walls resorbed. Flat callus of inner lip extending over much of base, commonly bearing teeth, folds or pimples. Operculum calcareous, usually with hinge as a flattened projection on inner side next to columellar lip inserting into muscle, supported by basal thickening and connected to a lateral ridge; patterned muscle scar present below lateral ridge. Protoconch globose, smooth, consisting of several, strongly involute whorls.

<==Nerita Linnaeus 1758 VC88 (see below for synonymy)
    |--*N. (Nerita) peloronta Linnaeus 1758 VC88 [=*Neritarius peloronta KC60, *Tenare peloronta KC60]
    |--N. (Amphinerita Martens 1887) B01 [=Odontostoma Mörch 1852 nec Turton 1829 nec d’Orbigny 1841 KC60]
    |    |--N. (*A.) umlaasiana Krauss 1848 B01 [=N. (Puperita) polita umlaasiana F27, *Odontostoma umlaasianum KC60]
    |    `--N. (A.) articulata B01
    |--N. (Chingua Clark & Durham 1946) KC60
    |    `--N. (*C.) chinguensis Clark & Durham 1946 KC60
    |--N. (Cymostyla von Martens 1887) VC88
    |    `--N. (*C.) undata Linnaeus 1758 B01
    |         |--N. u. undata B01
    |         `--N. u. pseudoplicata Strausz 1960 B01
    |--N. (Heminerita Martens 1887) B01
    |    |--N. (H.) japonica Dunker 1859 [incl. N. (*H.) pica Gould 1850 non Gmelin 1791] B01
    |    |--N. (H.) guamensis Quoy & Gaimard 1834 B01
    |    |--N. (H.) insculpta Récluz 1841 B01
    |    `--N. (H.) morio Sowerby 1833 B01
    |--N. (Ilynerita von Martens 1887) VC88
    |    |--N. (*I.) planospira Anton 1839 VC88
    |    `--N. (I.) listrota Woodring 1973 VC88
    |--N. (Melanerita Martens 1887) B01
    |    |--N. (M.) atramentosa Reeve 1855 [incl. N. (*M.) nigra Martens 1889] B01
    |    |--N. (M.) melanotragus (Smith 1884) B01, WG71 [=N. (Puperita) melanostragus F27]
    |    `--N. (M.) ocellata Le Guillou 1841 B01
    |--N. (Pila Klein 1758) B01
    |--N. (Ritena Gray 1858) VC88
    |    `--N. (*R.) plicata Linnaeus 1758 B01
    `--N. (Theliostyla Mörch 1852) VC88 [=Natere Gray 1858 KC60]
         |--N. (*T.) albicilla Linnaeus 1758 VC88 [=*Natere albicilla KC60]
         |--N. (T.) ascensionensis Gmelin 1791 VC88
         |--N. (T.) exuvia Linnaeus 1758 VC88
         |--N. (T.) exuvioides Trechmann 1935 VC88
         |--N. (T.) fortidentata Vermeij & Collins 1988 VC88
         |--N. (T.) fulgurans Gmelin 1791 VC88
         |--N. (T.) funiculata Menke 1851 VC88
         |--N. (T.) senegalensis Gmelin 1791 B01
         |--N. (T.) tampaensis Dall 1892 VC88
         `--N. (T.) tessellata Gmelin 1791 VC88

Nerita incertae sedis:
  N. antillarum [incl. N. praecognita] G79
  N. antiquata Récluz 1853 B01
  N. bergadana Vidal 1921 BK03
  N. bernhardi C64
  N. bidens Linnaeus 1758 L58
  N. chamaeleon Linnaeus 1758 WG71
  N. cingulata Reuss 1854 BK03
  N. conoidea O75
  N. costata Gmelin 1791 WG71
  N. dainellii Cossmann 1925 B01
  N. doreyana Quoy & Gaimard 1834 B01
  N. gemmata Pethö 1906 BK03
  N. gigantea Bellardi & Michelotti 1840 B01
  N. glaucina Linnaeus 1758 L58
  N. grossa Linnaeus 1758 H09
  N. guillouana F66
  N. hadra Woodring 1973 VC88
  N. heberti (Szöts 1953) [=Neritina heberti] B01
  N. jayanca Olsson 1944 BK03
  N. kaffraria Woods 1906 BK03
  N. lacustris Linnaeus 1758 L58
  N. lineata Gmelin 1791 WG71
  N. littoralis Linnaeus 1758 L58
  N. oligopleura Dall & Ochsner 1928 VC88
  N. olivaria Le Gillou 1841 B01
  N. orbignyana Récluz 1841 B01
  N. pentastoma Deshayes 1866 B01
  ‘Neritina’ plutonis Basterot 1825 B01
  N. polita Linnaeus 1758 BK03, B01 [=*Dontostoma polita B01, N. (*Linnerita) polita B01]
  N. reticulata Karsten 1789 [incl. N. signata Lamarck 1822] B01
  N. sanguinolenta Menke 1829 (see below for synonymy) BD86
  N. scabricosta [incl. N. ornata] C64
  N. sharonae (Squires & Saul 2001) [=Otostoma sharonae] BK03
  N. squamulata B01
  N. squiresi Bandel & Kiel 2003 BK03
  N. subcompacta Trechmann 1927 BK03
  N. tricarinata B01
  N. umzambiensis Wood 1906 BK03
  N. versicolor Gmelin 1791 [incl. N. versicolor f. nigrocincta Usticke 1959] BC01
  N. yoldii F66

Nerita Linnaeus 1758 VC88 [=Neritarius Duméril 1806 KC60, Tenare Gray 1858 KC60; incl. Dontostoma Herrmannsen 1847 BK03, Linnerita Vermaij 1984 B01]

Nerita sanguinolenta Menke 1829 [incl. N. crassilabrum Smith 1885, N. forskalii Recluz 1841, N. kinzelbachi Nordsieck 1973] BD86

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[B01] Bandel, K. 2001. The history of Theodoxus and Neritina connected with description and systematic evaluation of related Neritimorpha (Gastropoda). Mitteilungen des Geologisch-Paläontologischen Institutes der Universität Hamburg 85: 65–164.

[BK03] Bandel, K., & S. Kiel. 2003. Relationships of Cretaceous Neritimorpha (Gastropoda, Mollusca), with the description of seven new species. Bulletin of the Czech Geological Survey 78 (1): 53–65.

[BD86] Barash, A., & Z. Danin. 1986. Further additions to the knowledge of Indo-Pacific Mollusca in the Mediterranean Sea (Lessepsian migrants). Spixiana 9 (2): 117–141.

[BC01] Boyko, C. B., & J. R. Cordeiro. 2001. Catalog of Recent type specimens in the Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History. V. Mollusca, part 2 (class Gastropoda [exclusive of Opisthobranchia and Pulmonata], with supplements to Gastropoda [Opisthobranchia], and Bivalvia). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 262: 1–170.

[C64] Carpenter, P. P. 1864. Supplementary report on the present state of our knowledge with regard to the Mollusca of the west coast of North America. Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science 33: 517–686.

[F27] Finlay, H. J. 1927. A further commentary on New Zealand molluscan systematics. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 57: 320–485.

[F66] Fraser, L. 1866. Communication of a list of mollusks collected by R. Swinhoe, Esq., in Formosa. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1866: 146.

[G79] Guppy, R. J. L. 1879. First sketch of a marine invertebrate fauna of the Gulf of Paria and its neighbourhood. Part I.—Mollusca. Journal of Conchology 2: 151–172.

[H09] Hedley, C. 1909. The Marine Fauna of Queensland: Address by the President of Section D. Australasian Association for the Advancement of Science: Brisbane.

[KC60] Knight, J. B., L. R. Cox, A. M. Keen, R. L. Batten, E. L. Yochelson & R. Robertson. 1960. Gastropoda: systematic descriptions. In: Moore, R. C. (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt I. Mollusca 1: Mollusca—General Features, Scaphopoda, Amphineura, Monoplacophora, Gastropoda—General Features, Archaeogastropoda and some (mainly Paleozoic) Caenogastropoda and Opisthobranchia pp. I169–I331. Geological Society of America, and University of Kansas Press.

[L58] Linnaeus, C. 1758. Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata. Laurentii Salvii: Holmiae.

[O75] Owen, R. 1875. On fossil evidences of a sirenian mammal (Eotherium aegyptiacum, Owen) from the nummulitic Eocene of the Mokattam cliffs, near Cairo. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London 31: 100–105.

[VC88] Vermeij, G. J., & T. M. Collins. 1988. Nerita fortidentata, a new gastropod from the Neogene of Panamá, with comments on the fossil record of Nerita in tropical America. Nautilus 102 (3): 102–105.

[WG71] Wilson, B. R., & K. Gillett. 1971. Australian Shells: illustrating and describing 600 species of marine gastropods found in Australian waters. A. H. & A. W. Reed: Sydney.

Hydrocenidae

Georissa wallaceiana, from Stanisic et al. (2010).

Belongs within: Neritoidea.

The Hydrocenidae are a group of small operculate terrestrial snails with a scattered distribution in warmer regions of Eurasia, Africa and Australasia. Members include the genus Georissa, found in northern and eastern Australia and the southwest Pacific, usually on isolated limestone outgroups, with shells ornamented with variously fine to bold spiral cords (Stanisic et al. 2010). The genus Hydrocena is widespread throughout the Old World and may be either smooth or spirally sculpted (Knight et al. 1960).

Characters (from Stanisic et al. 2010): Shell small to minute (less than five millimetres), operculate, globosely turbinate with just a few whorls. Outer lip generally simple, not thickened. Shell whorls usually rounded, less commonly shouldered with strongly impressed sutures. Inner whorls absent, being dissolved or resorbed as shell increases in size. Aperture ovate to semi-circular with prominent columellar callus. Operculum calcareous, D-shaped, bearing a digit-like peg or apophysis on inner surface; nucleus paucispiral. Shell surface either smooth or sculptured to varying degrees with spiral ribs or lines, often bearing calcified accretions. Colour usually translucent yellow, pink or orange. Apical whorls bulb-like, prominent. Animal lacking true tentacles, with broad tentacle-like processes on sides of head; eyes large, mounted on raised papillae; dioecious.

Hydrocenidae [Hydrocaenacea, Hydrocenina, Hydrocenoidea] SS10
    |--Acmella Blanford 1869 S88
    |--Monterissa Iredale 1944 SS10
    |    `--*M. gowerensis Iredale 1944 SS10
    |--Hydrocena Küster 1844 [=Hydrocaena (l. c.); Hydroceninae] BR05
    |    |  i. s.: H. nilotica B01
    |    |         H. noticola [incl. Assiminea tyttha Melvill & Ponsonby 1897] PB27
    |    |         H. saulae van Bentham Jutting 1966 BC01
    |    |         H. scalinella van Bentham Jutting 1966 BC01
    |    |         H. toili Schlickum 1978 TTE93
    |    |--H. (Hydrocena) BR17
    |    |    |--*H. (H.) sirkii (Küster 1844) [=Paludina sirkii] BR17
    |    |    |--H. (H.) cattaroensis (Pfeiffer 1841) [=Cyclostoma cattaroense] KC60
    |    |    `--H. (H.) dubrueilliana E99
    |    |--H. (Chondrella Pease 1871) KC60
    |    |    `--H. (*C.) parva (Pease 1864) [=Cyclostoma parvum] KC60
    |    `--H. (Georissopsis Pilsbry & Hirase 1908) KC60
    |         `--H. (*G.) heudei (Pilsbry & Hirase 1908) [=Georissa (*G.) heudei] KC60
    `--Georissa Blandford 1864 [incl. Omphalorissa Iredale 1937; Georissidae, Georissinae] SS10
         |--*G. pyxis (Benson 1856) [=Hydrocena pyxis] SS10
         |--G. angulata Stanisic in Stanisic, Shea et al. 2010 SS10
         |--G. atramontana Stanisic in Stanisic, Shea et al. 2010 SS10
         |--G. beerwah Stanisic in Stanisic, Shea et al. 2010 SS10
         |--G. chrysacme [=Hydrocena (Georissa) chrysacme] B01
         |--G. enacoucomae Stanisic in Stanisic, Shea et al. 2010 SS10
         |--G. isseliana (Tapparone-Canefri 1883) S88
         |--G. johnnetheryi Stanisic in Stanisic, Shea et al. 2010 SS10
         |--G. laseroni (Iredale 1937) SS10
         |--G. levicordata Stanisic in Stanisic, Shea et al. 2010 SS10
         |--G. minuta (Odhner 1917) SS10
         |--G. monterosatiana (Godwin-Austen & Nevill 1879) AA88
         |--G. multilirata Brazier 1875 SS10 [=*Omphalorissa multilirata P61]
         |--G. nodilirata Stanisic in Stanisic, Shea et al. 2010 SS10
         |--G. obesa Solem 1989 S97
         |--G. palmerensis Stanisic in Stanisic, Shea et al. 2010 SS10
         |--G. postulata (Iredale 1937) SS10
         |--‘Omphalorissa’ purchasi (Pfeiffer 1862) S88
         |--G. quadricarinata (van Benthem Jutting 1963) S88
         |--G. reticulata (van Benthem Jutting 1958) S88
         |--G. rufescens (Moellendorff 1887) AA88
         |--G. saritta [=Hydrocena (Georissa) saritta] B01
         |--G. walkunder Stanisic in Stanisic, Shea et al. 2010 SS10
         |--G. wallaceiana Stanisic in Stanisic, Shea et al. 2010 SS10
         `--G. williamsi (Godwin Austen 1889) [=Hydrocena (Georissa) williamsi] B01

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[AA88] Auffenberg, K., & T. Auffenberg. 1988. Density, spatial distribution, activity patterns, and biomass of the land snail, Geophorus bothropoma Moellendorff (Prosobranchia: Helicinidae). Nautilus 102 (1): 40–45.

[B01] Bandel, K. 2001. The history of Theodoxus and Neritina connected with description and systematic evaluation of related Neritimorpha (Gastropoda). Mitteilungen des Geologisch-Paläontologischen Institutes der Universität Hamburg 85: 65–164.

[BR05] Bouchet, P., & J.-P. Rocroi. 2005. Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families. Malacologia 47 (1–2): 1–397.

[BR17] Bouchet, P., J.-P. Rocroi, B. Hausdorf, A. Kaim, Y. Kano, A. Nützel, P. Parkhaev, M. Schrödl & E. E. Strong. 2017. Revised classification, nomenclator and typification of gastropod and monoplacophoran families. Malacologia 61 (1–2): 1–526.

[BC01] Boyko, C. B., & J. R. Cordeiro. 2001. Catalog of Recent type specimens in the Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History. V. Mollusca, part 2 (class Gastropoda [exclusive of Opisthobranchia and Pulmonata], with supplements to Gastropoda [Opisthobranchia], and Bivalvia). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 262: 1–170.

[E99] Esu, D. 1999. Contribution to the knowledge of Neogene climate changes in western and central Europe by means of non-marine molluscs. In: J. Agustí, L. Rook & P. Andrews (eds) The Evolution of Neogene Terrestrial Ecosystems in Europe pp. 328–354. Cambridge University Press.

[KC60] Knight, J. B., L. R. Cox, A. M. Keen, R. L. Batten, E. L. Yochelson & R. Robertson. 1960. Gastropoda: systematic descriptions. In: Moore, R. C. (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt I. Mollusca 1: Mollusca—General Features, Scaphopoda, Amphineura, Monoplacophora, Gastropoda—General Features, Archaeogastropoda and some (mainly Paleozoic) Caenogastropoda and Opisthobranchia pp. I169–I331. Geological Society of America, and University of Kansas Press.

[PB27] Pilsbry, H. A., & J. Bequaert. 1927. The aquatic mollusks of the Belgian Congo, with a geographical and ecological account of Congo malacology. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 53 (2): 69–602, pls 10–77.

[P61] Powell, A. W. B. 1961. Shells of New Zealand: An illustrated handbook 4^th ed. Whitcombe and Tombs Limited: Christchurch.

[S88] Solem, A. 1988. Non-camaenid land snails of the Kimberley and Northern Territory, Australia. I. Systematics, affinities and ranges. Invertebrate Taxonomy 4: 455–604.

[S97] Solem, A. 1997. Camaenid land snails from Western and central Australia (Mollusca: Pulmonata: Camaenidae). VII. Taxa from Dampierland through the Nullarbor. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 50: 1461–1906.

[SS10] Stanisic, J., M. Shea, D. Potter & O. Griffiths. 2010. Australian Land Snails vol. 1. A. field guide to eastern Australian species. Bioculture Press: Mauritius.

[TTE93] Tracey, S., J. A. Todd & D. H. Erwin. 1993. Mollusca: Gastropoda. In: Benton, M. J. (ed.) The Fossil Record 2 pp. 131–167. Chapman & Hall: London.

Last updated: 16 October 2021.

Helicininae

Pleuropoma extincta, copyright Bronwen Scott.

Belongs within: Helicinoidea.

The Helicininae are a group of operculate terrestrial snails in which the radula possesses five lateral teeth, including a comb-lateral and an accessory plate (Knight et al. 1960).

<==Helicininae BR05
    |--Bourciera Pfeiffer 1852 BR05 [incl. Pseudhelicina Sykes 1907 KC60; Bourcierinae]
    |    `--*B. helicinaeformis (Pfeiffer 1852) [=Cyclostoma helicinaeforme] BR17
    |--Ceratopoma Moellendorff 1893 KC60, S88 (see below for synonymy)
    |    `--*C. caroli (Kobelt 1886) [=Helicina caroli] KC60
    |--Hemipoma Wagner 1905 KC60
    |    `--*H. hakodadiensis (Hartmann 1890) [=Helicina hakodadiensis] KC60
    |--Orobophana Wagner 1905 KC60
    |    `--*O. uberta (Gould 1847) [=Helicina uberta] KC60
    |--Sturanya Wagner 1905 [incl. Sturanyella Pilsbry & Cooke 1934, Sturyanella] KC60
    |    `--*S. plicatilis (Mousson 1865) [=Helicina plicatilis] KC60
    |--Palaeohelicina Wagner 1905 (Palaeohelicina) KC60
    |    |--*P. (P.) fischeriana (Montrouzier 1863) [=Helicina fischeriana] KC60
    |    `--P. (P.) mayri Clench 1958 BC01
    |--Olygyra Say 1818 BR05 (see below for synonymy)
    |    |--*O. orbiculata Say 1818 [=Helicina (*Olygyra) orbiculata] KC60
    |    `--O. sprucei [=Helicina (Oligyra) sprucei] A66
    |--Sulfurina Möllendorff 1893 [incl. Hypostrongyla Tomlin 1930, Pestomena Iredale 1941 (n. n.)] KC60
    |    |--*S. (Sulfurina) citrina (Grateloup 1840) [=Helicina citrina] KC60
    |    `--S. (Kosmetopoma Wagner 1905) KC60
    |         `--S. (*K.) amaliae (Kobelt 1886) [=Helicina amaliae] KC60
    |--Schasicheila Shuttleworth 1852 [=Atoyac Baker 1928, Schasichila Fischer 1885] KC60
    |    |--*S. (Schasicheila) alata (Pfeiffer 1848) [=Helicina alata, *Atoyac alata] KC60
    |    |--S. (Misantla Baker 1928) KC60
    |    |    `--S. (*M.) misantlensis Fischer & crosse 1893 KC60
    |    `--S. (Necaxa Baker 1928) KC60
    |         `--S. (*N.) minuscula (Pfeiffer 1859) [=Helicina minuscula] KC60
    |--Alcadia Gray 1840 (see below for synonymy) KC60
    |    |  i. s.: A. delmonteana Pilsbry 1932 BC01
    |    |         A. pompholyx (Pilsbry 1933) [=Helicina pompholyx] BC01
    |    |--*A. (Alcadia) major (Gray 1824) [=Helicina major] KC60
    |    |--A. (Analcadia Wagner 1907) KC60
    |    |    `--A. (*A.) dysoni (Pfeiffer 1849) [=Helicina dysoni] KC60
    |    |--A. (Emoda Adams & Adams 1856) [incl. Glyptemoda Clench & Aguayo 1950) KC60
    |    |    `--A. (*E.) silacea (Morelet 1849) [=Helicina silacea] KC60
    |    |--A. (Idesa Adams & Adams 1856) (see below for synonymy) KC60
    |    |    `--A. (*I.) rotunda (d’Orbigny in Sagra 1842) [=Helicina rotunda] KC60
    |    |--A. (Penisoltia Baker 1954) KC60
    |    |    `--A. (*P.) hispida (Pfeiffer 1839) [=Helicina hispida] KC60
    |    `--A. (Striatemoda Baker 1940) [incl. Diaphana Guppy 1895 non Brown 1827] KC60
    |         `--A. (S.) subfusca (Menke 1828) (see below for synonymy) KC60
    |--Helicina Lamarck 1799 BR05 (see below for synonymy)
    |    |  i. s.: H. chionea Pilsbry 1949 BC01
    |    |         H. clappi BP90
    |    |         H. hollandi Adams 1849 BC01
    |    |         H. laciniosa Mighels 1845 [=Pleuropoma laciniosa; incl. Orobophana berniceia] J49
    |    |         H. rotelloidea Mighels 1845 [incl. Pleuropoma hawaiiensis] J49
    |    |--*H. (Helicina) neritella Lamarck 1801 (see below for synonymy) KC60
    |    |--H. (Oxyrhombus Fischer & Cross 1893) [incl. Angulata Wagner 1905, Tamsiana Wagner 1905] KC60
    |    |    `--H. (*O.) amoena Pfeiffer 1845 KC60
    |    |--H. (Pseudoligyra Baker 1954) KC60
    |    |    `--H. (*P.) tenuis Pfeiffer 1849 KC60
    |    `--H. (Tristramia Crosse 1863) [incl. Caloplisma Fischer & Crosse 1893, Retorquata Wagner 1905] KC60
    |         `--H. (*T.) salvini Tristram 1861 KC60
    `--Pleuropoma Moellendorff 1893 KC60, KKW12 (see below for synonymy)
         |--*P. dichroa (Möllendorff 1890) [=Helicina dichroa] SS10
         |--P. brecanrio Stanisic in Stanisic, Shea et al. 2010 SS10
         |--'Helicina (Pachystoma)’ concentrica A66
         |--P. draytonensis (Pfeiffer 1857) [incl. Helicina diversicolor Cox 1866] SS10
         |--P. extincta (Odhner 1917) SS10
         |--P. gladstonensis (Cox 1864) SS10
         |--P. gouldiana (Forbes 1851) (see below for synonymy) SS10
         |--P. jana (Cox 1872) SS10
         |--P. louisiadensis (Forbes 1851) S88
         |--P. macleayi (Brazier 1876) SS10
         |--P. queenslandica Stanisic in Stanisic, Shea et al. 2010 SS10
         |--P. reflexilabiata Stanisic in Stanisic, Shea et al. 2010 SS10
         |--P. richardson Stanisic in Stanisic, Shea et al. 2010 SS10
         |--P. solomonensis (Smith 1885) S88
         |--P. spatei Stanisic in Stanisic, Shea et al. 2010 SS10
         |--P. talusata Stanisic in Stanisic, Shea et al. 2010 SS10
         |--P. verecunda (Gould 1859) [=Helicina verecunda, P. (*Aphanoconia) verecunda, *Sphaeroconia verecunda] KC60
         `--P. walkeri (Smith 1894) KKW12 (see below for synonymy)

Alcadia Gray 1840 [incl. Eualcadia Wagner 1907, Incrustata Wagner 1907, Intusplicata Wagner 1907, Isoltia Guppy 1859, Palliata Wagner 1907, Sericea Wagner 1907] KC60

Alcadia (Idesa Adams & Adams 1856) [incl. Hjalmarsona Baker 1940, Leialcadia Wagner 1907, Mammilla Wagner 1907 non Schumacher 1817, Schrammia Guppy 1895, Weinlandella Baker 1954] KC60

Alcadia (Striatemoda) subfusca (Menke 1828) [=Helicina subfusca; incl. H. striata Lamarck 1822 non Defrance 1821, Alcadia (*Striatemoda) striata] KC60

Ceratopoma Moellendorff 1893 KC60, S88 [incl. Diversicolor Wagner 1905 KC60, Negopenia Iredale 1941 (n. n.) KC60]

Helicina Lamarck 1799 BR05 [=Euneritella Wagner 1905 KC60, Pitonnellus deMontfort 1810 KC60, Pitonnillus deMontfort 1810 KC60; incl. Ampliata Wagner 1907 KC60, Colyma Rafinesque 1815, Festiva Wagner 1910 KC60, Pachytoma Swainson 1840 KC60]

*Helicina (Helicina) neritella Lamarck 1801 [=Helix neritella, *Euneritella neritella, *Pitonnellus neritella] KC60

Olygyra Say 1818 BR05 [=Oligyra BR05; incl. Subglobulosa Wagner 1905 KC60, Succincta Wagner 1905 KC60; Oligyradae, Olygyridae]

Pleuropoma Moellendorff 1893 KC60, KKW12 [incl. Albocincta Wagner 1909 SS10, Aphanoconia Wagner 1905 SS10, Dichroa Wagner 1905 SS10, Pachystoma Wagner 1905 non Guilding 1828 KC60, Reticulata Wagner 1905 SS10, Sculpta Wagner 1905 SS10, Sphaeroconia Wagner 1909 SS10]

Pleuropoma gouldiana (Forbes 1851) [incl. Helicina fumigata Sowerby 1866, H. lizardensis Cox 1868, H. reticulata Pfeiffer 1863, Aphanoconia (Sphaeroconia) subreticulata Wagner 1909] SS10

Pleuropoma walkeri (Smith 1894) KKW12 [=Helicina walkeri KKW12, Orobophana walkeri S88, Aphanoconia (Sphaeroconia) baudinensis Wagner 1909 KKW12]

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[A66] Adams, H. 1866. List of land and freshwater shells collected by Mr. E. Bartlett on the Upper Amazons, and on the River Ucayali, eastern Peru, with descriptions of new species. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1866: 440–445.

[BR05] Bouchet, P., & J.-P. Rocroi. 2005. Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families. Malacologia 47 (1–2): 1–397.

[BR17] Bouchet, P., J.-P. Rocroi, B. Hausdorf, A. Kaim, Y. Kano, A. Nützel, P. Parkhaev, M. Schrödl & E. E. Strong. 2017. Revised classification, nomenclator and typification of gastropod and monoplacophoran families. Malacologia 61 (1–2): 1–526.

[BC01] Boyko, C. B., & J. R. Cordeiro. 2001. Catalog of Recent type specimens in the Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History. V. Mollusca, part 2 (class Gastropoda [exclusive of Opisthobranchia and Pulmonata], with supplements to Gastropoda [Opisthobranchia], and Bivalvia). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 262: 1–170.

[BP90] Burch, J. B., & T. A. Pearce. 1990. Terrestrial Gastropoda. In: Dindal, D. L. (ed.) Soil Biology Guide pp. 201–309. John Wiley & Sones: New York.

[J49] Johnson, R. I. 1949. Jesse Wedgwood Mighels with a bibliography and a catalogue of his species. Occasional Papers on Mollusks 1 (14): 213–231.

[KC60] Knight, J. B., L. R. Cox, A. M. Keen, R. L. Batten, E. L. Yochelson & R. Robertson. 1960. Gastropoda: systematic descriptions. In: Moore, R. C. (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt I. Mollusca 1: Mollusca—General Features, Scaphopoda, Amphineura, Monoplacophora, Gastropoda—General Features, Archaeogastropoda and some (mainly Paleozoic) Caenogastropoda and Opisthobranchia pp. I169–I331. Geological Society of America, and University of Kansas Press.

[KKW12] Köhler, F., V. Kessner & C. Whisson. 2012. New records of non-marine, non-camaenid gastropods (Mollusca: Gastropoda) from islands off the Kimberley coast, Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum 27 (1): 21–39.

[S88] Solem, A. 1988. Non-camaenid land snails of the Kimberley and Northern Territory, Australia. I. Systematics, affinities and ranges. Invertebrate Taxonomy 4: 455–604.

[SS10] Stanisic, J., M. Shea, D. Potter & O. Griffiths. 2010. Australian Land Snails vol. 1. A. field guide to eastern Australian species. Bioculture Press: Mauritius.

Helicinoidea

Helicina concentrica, from here.

Belongs within: Neritimorpha.

Helicinoidea is a clade recognised by molecular analysis containing the terrestrial Helicinidae and the Neritiliidae, found in fresh water and marine caves. No definite morphological synapomorphies have been identified, though both families have the vaginal and ootype openings widely separated, and the vaginal opening situated deep inside the pallial cavity (Kano et al. 2002).

<==Helicinoidea [Helicinacea] BR05
    |--Dawsonella Bradley 1874 [Dawsonellidae, Dawsonellinae] BR05
    |--Deianira Stoliczka 1860 [=Dejanira (l. c.); Deianiridae, Dejaniridae] BR05
    |--Proserpinellidae BR05
    |    |--Proserpinella Bland 1865 BR05
    |    `--Ceres Gray 1856 [Cererinae, Ceresidae, Ceresinae] BR05
    |--Proserpinidae [Proserpininae] BR05
    |    |--Despoena Newton 1891 [Despoenidae] BR05
    |    `--Proserpina Sowerby 1839 BR05
    |--Neritiliidae [Neritiliinae] BR05
    |    |--Pisulinella Kano & Kase 2000 B01
    |    |    `--*P. miocenica B01
    |    |--Pisulina Nevill & Nevill 1869 B01
    |    |    |--*P. adamsiana Nevill & Nevill 1869 B01
    |    |    |--P. biplicata Thiele 1925 B01
    |    |    |--P. maxima Kano & Kase 2000 B01
    |    |    `--P. subpacifica B01
    |    `--Neritilia Martens 1879 BR05
    |         |--*N. rubida (Pease 1865) [=Neritina rubida; incl. Neritilia hawaiiensis Kay 1979] B01
    |         |--N. consimilis (Martens 1879) B01
    |         |--N. monoeli Dohrn 1866 B01
    |         |--N. panamensis B01
    |         `--N. succinea (Récluz 1841) B01
    `--Helicinidae BR05
         |  i. s.: Pleuropoma Moellendorff 1893 [incl. Aphanoconia Wagner 1905, Sphaeroconia Wagner 1905] S88
         |           |--P. draytonensis SC07
         |           |--P. jana SC07
         |           |--P. louisiadensis (Forbes 1851) S88
         |           |--P. macleayi (Brazier 1876) S88
         |           |--P. solomonensis (Smith 1885) S88
         |           `--P. walkeri (Smith 1894) KKW12 (see below for synonymy)
         |         Ceratopoma Moellendorff 1893 S88
         |         Geophorus AA88
         |           |--G. bothropoma Moellendorff 1895 AA88
         |           `--G. trochiformis (Sowerby 1842) AA88
         |         Alcadia BC01
         |           |--A. delmonteana Pilsbry 1932 BC01
         |           `--A. dysonia GO06
         |         Lucidella (Poeniella) peasei Pilsbry 1933 BC01
         |         Palaeohelicina (Palaeohelicina) mayri Clench 1958 BC01
         |--Ceratodiscus Simpson & Henderson 1901 [Ceratodiscinae] BR05
         |--Dimorphoptychia Sandberger 1871 [Dimorphoptychiinae] BR05
         |--Hendersonia Wagner 1905 [Hendersoniinae] BR05
         |--Viana Adams & Adams 1856 [Vianinae] BR05
         |--Stoastoma Adams 1849 [Stoastomatidae, Stoastomatinae, Stoastomidae] BR05
         |    `--*S. pisum Adams 1849 BC01
         `--Helicininae BR05
              |--Bourciera Pfeiffer 1852 [Bourcierinae] BR05
              |--Olygyra Say 1818 [=Oligyra; Oligyradae, Olygyridae] BR05
              |    `--O. sprucei [=Helicina (Oligyra) sprucei] A66
              `--Helicina Lamarck 1799 [Helicinides] BR05
                   |--H. chionea Pilsbry 199 BC01
                   |--H. (Pachystoma) concentrica A66
                   |--H. hollandi Adams 1849 BC01
                   |--H. laciniosa Mighels 1845 [=Pleuropoma laciniosa; incl. Orobophana berniceia] J49
                   `--H. rotelloidea Mighels 1845 [incl. Pleuropoma hawaiiensis] J49

Pleuropoma walkeri (Smith 1894) KKW12 [=Helicina walkeri KKW12, Orobophana walkeri S88, Aphanoconia (Sphaeroconia) baudinensis Wagner 1909 KKW12]

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[A66] Adams, H. 1866. List of land and freshwater shells collected by Mr. E. Bartlett on the Upper Amazons, and on the River Ucayali, eastern Peru, with descriptions of new species. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1866: 440-445.

[AA88] Auffenberg, K. & T. Auffenberg. 1988. Density, spatial distribution, activity patterns, and biomass of the land snail, Geophorus bothropoma Moellendorff (Prosobranchia: Helicinidae). Nautilus 102 (1): 40-45.

[B01] Bandel, K. 2001. The history of Theodoxus and Neritina connected with description and systematic evaluation of related Neritimorpha (Gastropoda). Mitteilungen des Geologisch-Paläontologischen Institutes der Universität Hamburg 85: 65-164.

[BR05] Bouchet, P., J.-P. Rocroi, J. Frýda, B. Hausdorf, W. Ponder, Á. Valdés & A. Warén. 2005. Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families. Malacologia 47 (1-2): 1-397.

[BC01] Boyko, C. B. & J. R. Cordeiro. 2001. Catalog of Recent type specimens in the Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History. V. Mollusca, part 2 (class Gastropoda [exclusive of Opisthobranchia and Pulmonata], with supplements to Gastropoda [Opisthobranchia], and Bivalvia). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 262: 1-170.

[GO06] Giribet, G., A. Okusu, A. R. Lindgren, S. W. Huff, M. Schrödl & M. K. Nishiguchi. 2006. Evidence for a clade composed of molluscs with serially repeated structures: Monoplacophorans are related to chitons. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 103 (20): 7723-7728.

[J49] Johnson, R. I. 1949. Jesse Wedgwood Mighels with a bibliography and a catalogue of his species. Occasional Papers on Mollusks 1 (14): 213-231.

Kano, Y., S. Chiba & T. Kase. 2002. Major adaptive radiation in neritopsine gastropods estimated from 28S rRNA sequences and fossil records. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B—Biological Sciences 269: 2457-2465.

[KKW12] Köhler, F., V. Kessner & C. Whisson. 2012. New records of non-marine, non-camaenid gastropods (Mollusca: Gastropoda) from islands off the Kimberley coast, Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum 27 (1): 21-39.

[S88] Solem, A. 1988. Non-camaenid land snails of the Kimberley and Northern Territory, Australia. I. Systematics, affinities and ranges. Invertebrate Taxonomy 4: 455-604.

[SC07] Stanisic, J., R. A. D. Cameron, B. M. Pokryszko & J. C. Nekola. 2007. Forest snail faunas from S. E. Queensland and N. E. New South Wales (Australia): patterns of local and regional richness and differentiation. Malacologia 49 (2): 445-462.

Neritimorpha

Specimen of Orthonychia on calyx of the crinoid Melocrinites micmac, from Breimer & Lane (1978).

Belongs within: Conchifera.
Contains: Craspedostomatoidea, Oreostomatoidea, Paraturbinoidea, Vltaviellidae, Platyceratidae, Naticopsoidea, Helicinoidea, Neritoidea, Neritopsidae.

The Neritimorpha is a somewhat phylogenetically isolated group of gastropods, including marine, freshwater and terrestrial forms. Modern neritimorphs belong to the Cycloneritimorpha; it remains uncertain whether the Palaeozoic Cyrtoneritimorpha are properly placed here. The Cycloneritimorpha are characterised by a strongly convolute protoconch, while that of the Cyrtoneritimorpha is open-coiled and hook-like. The teleoconch of cyrtoneritimorphs may be limpet-like (Orthonychia), naticiform (Vltaviellinae) or turbiniform (Krameriellinae) (Frýda & Heidelberger 2003). Members of the Cycloneritimorpha include the Symmetrocapulidae, a Mesozoic group of limpet-like shells with a submedian downcurved summit leading to an anteriorly placed and directed beak (Knight et al. 1960).

Characters (from Knight et al. 1960, as Neritopsina): Shell commonly coiled and ovoid or globular, more rarely capuliform or patelliform; whorls few; spire, if protruding at all, relatively low; outer shell layers calcitic, unusually stable in fossils, commonly preserving color pattern; inner layers thick, aragonitic, lamellar but not nacreous; operculum (not developed in a few genera) commonly calcareous, in many post-Paleozoic genera with processes projecting from inner face and gripping inner lip; living forms with left kidney only; single, hipectinate ctenidium present on left except in terrestrial forms, attached at its base only; single hypobranchial gland also present; heart with 2 auricles, right one in some reduced or with single auricle; pallial genital organs developed and complex, fertilization internal; retractor muscles paired; radula rhipidoglossate, with outermost admedians large, capituliform.

<==Neritimorpha [Neritaemorpha, Neritomorpha, Neritopsina]
    |  i. s.: Magnicapitatus PE94
    |         Craspedostomatoidea BR05
    |         Nerrhena Heidelberger & Bandel 1999 [Nerrhenidae, Nerrhenoidea] BR05
    |           `--*N. aequistriata (Kirchner 1915) [=Turbo aequistriatus] BR17
    |         Oriostomatoidea BR05
    |         Paraturbinoidea BR05
    |         Paffrathopsis subcostata F12
    |         Bandelopsis oregonensis F12
    |         Weitschatopsis pulchra F12
    |--Cyrtoneritida [Cyrtoneritimorpha] BR17
    |    |--Vltaviellidae FH03
    |    |--Platyceratidae F12
    |    `--Orthonychia Hall 1843 FH03 [incl. Geronticeras Grabau 1936 KC60, Igoceras Hall 1860 KC60; Orthonychiidae]
    |         |--*O. subrecta (Hall 1859) [=Platyceras (*Orthonychia) subrectum] KC60
    |         |--O. bowsheri (Yochelson 1956) [=Platyceras (Orthonychia) bowsheri] TTE93
    |         |--O. infundibulum [=Platyceras (Orthonychia) infundibulum] BL78
    |         |--O. parva F12
    |         |--O. protei F12
    |         `--O. ungula (Etheridge 1898) [=Platyceras (Orthonychia) ungula, Rhabdocantha ungula] W63
    `--Cycloneritida [Azeugobranchia, Azygobranchia, Cycloneritimorpha, Neritacea, Neritoina, Planilabiata] BR17
         |  i. s.: Hypodema de Koninck 1853 KC60
         |           `--*H. dumontianum (de Koninck 1843) [=Calceola dumontiana] KC60
         |         Platyostomella Etheridge 1880 [=Platystomella Lindström 1884] KC60
         |           `--*P. scotoburdigalensis (Etheridge 1878) [=Littorina scotoburdigalensis] KC60
         |         ‘Catinella’ Stache 1877 non Pease 1870 (n. d.) KC60
         |           `--*C. depressa Stache 1877 (n. d.) KC60
         |         Neritomopsis Waagen 1880 (n. d.) KC60
         |           `--*N. minuta Waagen 1880 (n. d.) KC60
         |         Catubrina Caneva 1906 (n. d.) KC60
         |           `--*C. solitaria (Caneva 1906) (n. d.) [=Neritomopsis (*Catubrina) solitaria] KC60
         |         Proboscidia Merla 1931 (n. d.) KC60
         |           `--*P. elongata (Merla 1931) (n. d.) [=Neritomopsis (*Proboscidia) elongata] KC60
         |         Symmetrocapulidae [Symetrocapulinae, Symmetrocapulinae, Symmetrocapuloidea] BR05
         |           |--Phryx Blaschke 1905 KC60
         |           |    `--*P. bilateralis (Blaschke 1905) [=Capulus (*Phryx) bilateralis] KC60
         |           `--Symmetrocapulus Dacqué 1934 [=Symetrocapulus (l. c.)] BR05
         |                |--S. tessoni (Eudes-Deslongchamps 1843) (see below for synonymy) KC60
         |                `--S. hanaii Kase 1984 TTE93
         |         Naticopsoidea BR17
         |--Plagiothyridae B00
         |    |--Plagiothyra Whidborne 1892 BR05
         |    |    `--*P. purpurea (d’Archiac & de Verneuil 1842) [=Monodonta purpurea] BR17
         |    |--Dirachis Whidborne 1891 KC60
         |    |    `--*D. atavus Whidborne 1891 KC60
         |    `--Littorinides Knight 1937 [=Rhabdopleura de Koninck 1881 nec Allman 1869 nec Dawson 1870] KC60
         |         `--*L. solida (de Koninck 1843) [=Littorina solida] KC60
         `--+--+--Helicinoidea B00
            |  `--Neritoidea B00
            `--Neritopsoidea B00
                 |--Neritopsidae BR05
                 |--Pseudorthonychia Bandel & Frýda 1999 [Pseudorthonychiidae] BR05
                 |    `--*P. alata (Laube 1869) [=Capulus alatus] BR17
                 |--Fedaiella Kittl 1894 TE01 [Fedaiellidae BR17]
                 |    `--*F. cuccensis (Mojsisovics 1873) BR17 (see below for synonymy)
                 |--Palaeonarica Kittl 1892 [Palaeonaricidae] BR17
                 |    `--*P. pyrulaeformis (Klipstein 1843) [=Naticella pyrulaeformis] BR17
                 `--Delphinulopsidae BR17
                      |--Delphinulopsis Laube 1868 [Delphinulopsinae] BR05
                      |    `--D. binodosa (Münster 1841) [=Pleurotomaria binodosa; incl. *D. arietina Laube 1868] KC60
                      `--Platychilina Koken 1892 B01 [=Platychelyne Tomlin 1931 KC60; Platychilininae BR17]
                           |--*P. woehrmanni Koken 1892 TE01
                           |--P. obliqua Tong & Erwin 2001 TE01
                           |--P. sinensis Tong & Erwin 2001 TE01
                           `--P. tuberculata TE01

*Fedaiella cuccensis (Mojsisovics 1873) BR17 [=Natica cuccensis TE01, Naticopsis (Fedaiella) cuccensis TE01]

Symmetrocapulus tessoni (Eudes-Deslongchamps 1843) [=Patella tessoni; incl. P. rugosa Sowerby 1816 non Röding 1798, *Symmetrocapulus rugosus] KC60

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[B00] Bandel, K. 2000. The new family Cortinellidae (Gastropoda, Mollusca) connected to a review of the evolutionary history of the subclass Neritimorpha. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie—Abhandlungen 217 (1): 111–129.

[B01] Bandel, K. 2001. The history of Theodoxus and Neritina connected with description and systematic evaluation of related Neritimorpha (Gastropoda). Mitteilungen des Geologisch-Paläontologischen Institutes der Universität Hamburg 85: 65–164.

[BR05] Bouchet, P., & J.-P. Rocroi. 2005. Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families. Malacologia 47 (1–2): 1–397.

[BR17] Bouchet, P., J.-P. Rocroi, B. Hausdorf, A. Kaim, Y. Kano, A. Nützel, P. Parkhaev, M. Schrödl & E. E. Strong. 2017. Revised classification, nomenclator and typification of gastropod and monoplacophoran families. Malacologia 61 (1–2): 1–526.

[BL78] Breimer, A., & N. G. Lane. 1978. Ecology and paleoecology. In: Moore, R. C., & C. Teichert (eds) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt T. Echinodermata 2. Crinoidea vol. 1 pp. T316–T347. The Geological Society of America, Inc.: Boulder (Colorado), and The University of Kansas: Lawrence (Kansas).

[F12] Frýda, J. 2012. Phylogeny of Palaeozoic gastropods inferred from their ontogeny. In: Talent, J. A. (ed.) Earth and Life: Global biodiversity, extinction intervals and biogeographic perturbations through time pp. 395–435. Springer.

[FH03] Frýda, J., & D. Heidelberger. 2003. Systematic position of Cyrtoneritimorpha within the class Gastropoda with description of two new genera from Siluro-Devonian strata of central Europe. Bulletin of the Czech Geological Survey 78 (1): 35–39.

[KC60] Knight, J. B., L. R. Cox, A. M. Keen, R. L. Batten, E. L. Yochelson & R. Robertson. 1960. Gastropoda: systematic descriptions. In: Moore, R. C. (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt I. Mollusca 1: Mollusca—General Features, Scaphopoda, Amphineura, Monoplacophora, Gastropoda—General Features, Archaeogastropoda and some (mainly Paleozoic) Caenogastropoda and Opisthobranchia pp. I169–I331. Geological Society of America, and University of Kansas Press.

[PE94] Pan H.-Z. & D. H. Erwin. 1994. Gastropod diversity patterns in south China during the Chihsia-Ladinian and their mass extinction. Palaeoworld 4: 249–262.

[TE01] Tong, J., & D. H. Erwin. 2001. Triassic gastropods of the southern Qinling Mountains, China. Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology 92: 1–47.

[TTE93] Tracey, S., J. A. Todd & D. H. Erwin. 1993. Mollusca: Gastropoda. In: Benton, M. J. (ed.) The Fossil Record 2 pp. 131–167. Chapman & Hall: London.

[W63] Waterhouse, J. B. 1963. Permian gastropods of New Zealand. Part 4—Platyceratacea, Anomphalacea, Neritacea, and correlations. New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 6 (5): 817–842.

Last updated: 26 January 2020.