Amaurobiidae

Draconarius sp., copyright G. Blagoev.

Belongs within: Amaurobioidea.
Contains: Pakeha, Amaurobius, Pireneitega, Coelotes.

The Amaurobiidae is a cosmopolitan group of ground-dwelling spiders found in damp, cryptic habitats. Members construct small funnel-shaped webs that are often provided with several concealed retreats (Jocqué & Dippenaar-Schoeman 2007). The monophyly of the family is uncertain; a group of genera closely related to the type genus Amaurobius may be defined by a striated texture to the small trichobothrial hood, and modified spigots associated with the cribellum (Wang & Zhu 2008). Members of the subfamily Coelotinae are ecribellate whereas a cribellum is present in other subfamilies (Jocqué & Dippenaar-Schoeman 2007).

Characters (from Jocqué & Dippenaar-Schoeman 2007): Small to large; eight eyes present in two rows, usually all pale in colour; legs with three tarsal claws; cribellate or ecribellate; male palp with simple sclerotised retrolateral and dorsal tibial apophyses; entelegyne.

<==Amaurobiidae [Cliniflonidae]
    |--Altellopsinae JD-S07
    |--Arctobius Lehtinen 1967 WZ08 [Arctobiinae JD-S07]
    |--Macrobuninae JD-S07
    |    |--Retiro GC99
    |    `--Macrobunus Tullgren 1901 WZ08
    |         `--M. multidentatus R14
    |--Amaurobiinae JD-S07
    |    |--Amaurobius WZ08
    |    `--Callobius Chamberlin 1947 GC99, WZ08
    |         |--C. bennetti (Blackwall 1846) PS08
    |         |--C. nomeus (Chamberlin 1919) PS08
    |         `--C. severus JD-S07
    `--Coelotinae WZ08
         |--Coras Simon 1898 WJ07
         |--Pireneitega WJ07
         |--Coelotes WJ07
         |--Platocoelotes Wang 2002 WJ07
         |    |--*P. impletus (Peng & Wang 1997) [=Coelotes impletus] WJ07
         |    `--P. imperfectus Wang & Jäger 2007 WJ07
         |--Iwogumoa Kishida 1955 [incl. Asiacoelotes Wang 2002] WJ07
         |    |--*I. insidiosa (Koch 1878) [=Coelotes insidiosus] WJ07
         |    |--I. taoyuandong (Bao & Yin 2004) [=Coelotes taoyuandong] WJ07
         |    `--I. xinhuiensis (Chen 1984) WJ07
         |--Himalcoelotes Wang 2002 WJ07
         |    |--*H. martensi Wang 2002 WJ07
         |    |--H. bursarius Wang 2002 WJ07
         |    |--H. sherpa (Brignoli 1976) WJ07
         |    `--H. xizangensis (Hu 1992) [=Coelotes xizangensis] WJ07
         `--Draconarius Ovtchinnikov 1999 WJ07
              |--*D. venustus Ovtchinnikov 1999 WJ07
              |--D. curvabilis Wang & Jäger 2007 WJ07
              |--D. flos Wang & Jäger 2007 WJ07
              |--D. gyriniformis (Wang & Zhu 1991) [=Coelotes gyriniformis] WJ07
              |--D. paratrifasciatus Wang & Jäger 2007 WJ07
              |--D. sichuanensis Wang & Jäger 2007 WJ07
              |--D. trifasciatus (Wang & Zhu 1991) WJ07
              `--D. trinus Wang & Jäger 2007 WJ07

Amaurobiidae incertae sedis:
  Pakeha PVD10
  Paravoca Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--*P. otagoensis Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    `--P. opaca Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
  Otira Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--*O. satura Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--O. canasta Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--O. indura Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--O. liana Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--O. parva Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    `--O. terricola Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
  Auximella typica Strand 1908 J98
  Himalmartensus Wang & Zhu 2008 WZ08
    |--*H. martensi Wang & Zhu 2008 WZ08
    |--H. ausobskyi Wang & Zhu 2008 WZ08
    `--H. nepalensis Wang & Zhu 2008 WZ08
  Rubrius Simon 1887 WZ08
  Taira Lehtinen 1967 WZ08
  Tamgrinia tibetana (Hu & Li 1987) WZ08
  Callioplus D90
  Chresiona JD-S07
  Auhunga Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    `--*A. pectinata Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
  Maloides Forster & Wilton in Platnick 1989 PVD10
    `--*M. cavernicola (Forster & Wilton 1973) PVD10
  Muritaia Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--*M. suba Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--M. kaituna Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--M. longispinata Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    |--M. orientalis Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    `--M. parabusa Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
  Poaka Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    `--*P. graminicola Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
  Waitetola Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
    `--*W. huttoni Forster & Wilton 1973 PVD10
  Cliniflo Blackwell 1840 PL73
  Auximus S93
    |--A. fossilis Petrunkevitch 1942 S93
    `--A. succini Petrunkevitch 1942 S93

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[D90] Dondale, C. D. 1990. Litter Araneae (Araneida). In: Dindal, D. L. (ed.) Soil Biology Guide pp. 477–502. John Wiley & Sones: New York.

[GC99] Griswold, C. E., J. A. Coddington, N. I. Platnick & R. R. Forster. 1999. Towards a phylogeny of entelegyne spiders (Araneae, Araneomorphae, Entelegynae). Journal of Arachnology 27: 53–63.

[J98] Jäger, P. 1998. Das Typenmaterial der Spinnentiere (Arachnida: Acari, Amblypygi, Araneae, Opiliones, Pseudoscorpiones, Scorpiones, Uropygi) aus dem Museum Wiesbaden. Jahrbuecher des Nassauischen Vereins fuer Naturkunde 119: 81–91.

[JD-S07] Jocqué, R., & A. S. Dippenaar-Schoeman. 2007. Spider Families of the World. Royal Museum for Central Africa: Tervuren (Belgium).

[PVD10] Paquin, P., C. J. Vink & N. Dupérré. 2010. Spiders of New Zealand: annotated family key and species list. Manaaki Whenua Press: Lincoln (New Zealand).

[PS08] Pinzón, J., & J. Spence. 2008. Performance of two arboreal pitfall trap designs in sampling cursorial spiders from tree trunks. Journal of Arachnology 36 (2): 280–286.

[PL73] Platnick, N., & H. W. Levi. 1973. On family names of spiders. Bulletin of the British Arachnological Society 2 (8): 166–167.

[R14] Ramírez, M. J. 2014. The morphology and phylogeny of dionychan spiders (Araneae: Araneomorphae). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 390: 1–374.

[S93] Selden, P. A. 1993. Arthropoda (Aglaspidida, Pycnogonida and Chelicerata). In: Benton, M. J. (ed.) The Fossil Record 2 pp. 297–320. Chapman & Hall: London.

[WJ07] Wang, X., & P. Jäger. 2007. A revision of some spiders of the subfamily Coelotinae F. O. Pickard-Cambridge 1898 from China: transfers, synonymies, and new species (Arachnida, Araneae, Amaurobiidae). Senckenbergiana Biologica 87 (1): 23–49.

[WZ08] Wang, X.-P., & M.-S. Zhu. 2008. Himalmartensus, a new genus of the spider family Amaurobiidae from Nepal (Araneae). Journal of Arachnology 36 (2): 241–250.

Last updated: 23 January 2022.