Micrelenchus

Micrelenchus sanguineus, copyright Natural History Museum Rotterdam.

Belongs within: Trochidae.

Micrelenchus is an Australasian genus of small top shells with a relatively low spire and the columellar fold evanescent or not apparent (Knight et al. 1960).

Micrelenchus Finlay 1926 DK08
    |  i. s.: M. dilatatus (Sowerby 1870) P61 (see below for synonymy)
    |         M. huttoni (Smith 1876) P61 [=Cantharidus tenebrosus huttoni F27, M. tenebrosus huttoni F27]
    |         M. micans (Suter 1897) P61 [=Gibbula micans F27, Cantharidus micans F27]
    |         M. parcipictus Powell 1946 P61
    |         M. rufozonus (Adams 1853) P61 [=Cantharidus rufozonus F27]
    |         M. tenebrosus (Adams 1853) P61 [=Cantharidus tenebrosus F27]
    |--M. (Micrelenchus) P61
    |    |--*M. (M.) sanguineus (Gray 1843) P61 (see below for synonymy)
    |    |    |--M. s. sanguineus P61
    |    |    `--M. s. cryptus Powell 1946 P61
    |    `--M. (M.) caelatus (Hutton 1884) P61 [=Cantharidus coelatus F27, M. sanguineus coelatus F27]
    |         |--M. c. caelatus P61
    |         |--M. c. archibenthicola Dell 1956 P61
    |         |--M. c. bakeri Fleming 1948 P61
    |         |--M. c. elongatus (Suter 1897) P61 (see below for synonymy)
    |         |--M. c. morioria Powell 1933 P61
    |         `--M. c. mortenseni (Odhner 1924) P61 [=Gibbula mortenseni F27, M. sanguineus mortenseni F27]
    `--M. (Plumbelenchus Finlay 1926) DK08
         |--‘Cantharidus’ (*P.) capillaceus (Philippi 1848) P61 (see below for synonymy)
         |--M. (P.) armulatus Darragh & Kendrick 2000 DK08
         |--‘Cantharidus’ (P.) coruscans (Hedley 1916) P61 [=Photinula coruscans F27, Margarella coruscans F27]
         `--‘Cantharidus’ (P.) pruninus (Gould 1844) [=Trochus pruninus] KC60

Micrelenchus dilatatus (Sowerby 1870) P61 [=Cantharidus dilatatus F27; incl. Photinula suteri Smith 1894 F27, Gibbula suteri F27]

Micrelenchus (Micrelenchus) caelatus elongatus (Suter 1897) P61 [=Cantharidus sanguineus var. elongatus F27, M. sanguineus elongatus F27]

*Micrelenchus (Micrelenchus) sanguineus (Gray 1843) P61 [=Trochus sanguineus P61, Cantharidus (M.) sanguineus KC60; incl. C. oliveri Iredale 1915 F27, Micrelenchus oliveri P61]

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[DK08] Darragh, T. A., & G. W. Kendrick. 2008. Silicified Eocene molluscs from the Lower Murchison district, Southern Carnarvon Basin, Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum 24 (3): 217–246.

[F27] Finlay, H. J. 1927. A further commentary on New Zealand molluscan systematics. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 57: 320–485.

[KC60] Knight, J. B., L. R. Cox, A. M. Keen, R. L. Batten, E. L. Yochelson & R. Robertson. 1960. Gastropoda: systematic descriptions. In: Moore, R. C. (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt I. Mollusca 1: Mollusca—General Features, Scaphopoda, Amphineura, Monoplacophora, Gastropoda—General Features, Archaeogastropoda and some (mainly Paleozoic) Caenogastropoda and Opisthobranchia pp. I169–I331. Geological Society of America, and University of Kansas Press.

[P61] Powell, A. W. B. 1961. Shells of New Zealand: An illustrated handbook 4^th ed. Whitcombe and Tombs Limited: Christchurch.

Cantharidus

Opal top shell Cantharidus opalus, copyright Svenja Heesch.

Belongs within: Trochidae.

Cantharidus is a western Pacific genus of trochids with a smooth, sharp-spired shell known from the Miocene to the present (Knight et al. 1960).

Characters (from Knight et al. 1960): Spire tapering, surface nearly smooth; columellar fold and tooth weak or absent.

Cantharidus Montfort 1810 BR05 (see below for synonymy)
    |--C. (Cantharidus) P61
    |    |--C. (C.) opalus (Martyn 1784) P61 (see below for synonymy)
    |    |    |--C. o. opalus P61
    |    |    `--C. o. cannoni Powell 1933 P61
    |    `--C. (C.) purpureus (Gmelin 1791) P61
    |--C. (Iwakawatrochus Kuroda & Habe 1954) KC60
    |    `--C. (*I.) vittatus (Pilsbry 1903) [=Gibbula vittata] KC60
    `--C. (Levella Marwick 1943) KC60
         `--C. (*L.) tersa (Marwick 1943) [=*Levella tersa] KC60

Cantharidus incertae sedis:
  ‘Elenchus’ badius H08
  C. cingulatus (Adams 1863) [=Leiopyrga cingulata] H09
  C. crenelliferus (Adams 1853) H09 [=Thalotia crenellifera H09; incl. Trochus artensis Fischer 1878 H08]
  C. exasperatus PP64
  C. fenestratus Suter 1917 F27
  C. marginatus (Ten.-Woods 1880) [=Thalotia marginata] H09
  C. pulcherrimus M54
  C. purpuratus (Martyn 1784) [=C. (Cantharidus) purpuratus] F27
  C. pyrgos [incl. C. moniliger Adams 1853] H08
  C. ramburi M54
  C. strigatus (Adams 1853) (see below for synonymy) H08
  C. suturalis (Adams 1853) [=Thalotia suturalis] H09

Cantharidus Montfort 1810 BR05 [=Canthiridus (l. c.) BR05, Cantharidium Schaufuss 1869 KC60, Cantharis Férussac 1821 non Linnaeus 1758 KC60, Elenchus Swainson 1840 non Curtis 1831 KC60]

Cantharidus strigatus (Adams 1853) [=Thalotia strigata; incl. Trochus baudini Fischer 1878, Th. mundula Adams & Angas 1864] H08

Cantharidus (Cantharidus) opalus (Martyn 1784) P61 [=Limax opalus KC60; incl. Trochus iris Gmelin 1791 KC60, *Cantharidium iris KC60, *Cantharidus iris P61, *Elenchus iris KC60, E. splendidulus Swainson 1840 H08]

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[BR05] Bouchet, P., & J.-P. Rocroi. 2005. Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families. Malacologia 47 (1–2): 1–397.

[F27] Finlay, H. J. 1927. A further commentary on New Zealand molluscan systematics. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 57: 320–485.

[H08] Hedley, C. 1908. Studies on Australian Mollusca. Part X. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 33: 456–489, pls 7–10.

[H09] Hedley, C. 1909. The Marine Fauna of Queensland: Address by the President of Section D. Australasian Association for the Advancement of Science: Brisbane.

[KC60] Knight, J. B., L. R. Cox, A. M. Keen, R. L. Batten, E. L. Yochelson & R. Robertson. 1960. Gastropoda: systematic descriptions. In: Moore, R. C. (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt I. Mollusca 1: Mollusca—General Features, Scaphopoda, Amphineura, Monoplacophora, Gastropoda—General Features, Archaeogastropoda and some (mainly Paleozoic) Caenogastropoda and Opisthobranchia pp. I169–I331. Geological Society of America, and University of Kansas Press.

[M54] Macpherson, J. H. 1954. Molluscs (sea shells and snails). In: Willis, J. M. (ed.) The Archipelago of the Recherche pp. 55–63. Australian Geographical Society: Melbourne.

[PP64] Peres, J. M., & J. Picard. 1964. Nouveau manuel de bionomie benthique de la mer Mediterranee. Recueil des Travaux de la Station Marine d'Endoume, Bulletin 31 (27): 5–137.

[P61] Powell, A. W. B. 1961. Shells of New Zealand: An illustrated handbook 4^th ed. Whitcombe and Tombs Limited: Christchurch.

Zediloma

Zediloma digna, copyright Auckland War Memorial Museum.

Belongs within: Trochidae.

Zediloma is a New Zealand genus of trochids with a subglobose to conical, spirally sculpted shell.

Zediloma Finlay 1927 P61
    |--Z. (Zediloma) P61
    |    |--*Z. (Z.) digna Finlay 1927 P61
    |    `--Z. (Z.) arida Finlay 1927 P61 [=Diloma arida HS01]
    `--Z. (Fractarmilla Finlay 1927) P61
         |--Z. (*F.) corrosa (Adams 1853) P61 (see below for synonymy)
         |    |--Z. c. corrosa P61
         |    `--Z. c. zebrina Powell 1946 P61
         |--Z. (F.) atrovirens (Philippi 1851) P61 [=Monodonta atrovirens F27, Diloma atrovirens CH97]
         |--Z. (F.) morio (Troschel 1851) [=Monodonta morio] F27
         |--‘Monodonta’ rudis [incl. M. melanoloma] F27
         |--‘Monodonta’ striolata [incl. M. concamerata] F27
         `--Z. (F.) subrostrata (Gray 1835) P61 [=Monodonta subrostrata F27, Diloma subrostrata HS01]

Zediloma (*Fractarmilla) corrosa (Adams 1853) P61 [=Labio corrosa P61, Diloma (*Fractarmilla) corrosa KC60, Monodonta corrosa F27; incl. Zediloma plumbea Hutton 1883 P61]

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[CH97] Castro, P., & M. E. Huber. 1997. Marine Biology 2^nd ed. WCB McGraw-Hill: Boston.

[F27] Finlay, H. J. 1927. A further commentary on New Zealand molluscan systematics. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 57: 320–485.

[HS01] Hayward, B. W., A. B. Stephenson, M. S. Morley, W. M. Blom, H. R. Grenfell, F. J. Brook, J. L. Riley, F. Thompson & J. J. Hayward. 2001. Marine biota of Parengarenga Harbour, Northland, New Zealand. Records of the Auckland Museum 37: 45–80.

[KC60] Knight, J. B., L. R. Cox, A. M. Keen, R. L. Batten, E. L. Yochelson & R. Robertson. 1960. Gastropoda: systematic descriptions. In: Moore, R. C. (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt I. Mollusca 1: Mollusca—General Features, Scaphopoda, Amphineura, Monoplacophora, Gastropoda—General Features, Archaeogastropoda and some (mainly Paleozoic) Caenogastropoda and Opisthobranchia pp. I169–I331. Geological Society of America, and University of Kansas Press.

[P61] Powell, A. W. B. 1961. Shells of New Zealand: An illustrated handbook 4^th ed. Whitcombe and Tombs Limited: Christchurch.

Margarella

Smooth pink snail Margarella violacea, copyright Gonzalo Bravo.

Belongs within: Vetigastropoda.

Margarella is a genus of small marine gastropods with a thin, globose, nearly smooth shell found around New Zealand and Antarctica (Knight et al. 1960).

<==Margarella Thiele 1893 P61 [=Margaritella Thiele in Troschel 1891 non Meek & Hayden 1860 KC60; Margarellinae]
    |  i. s.: M. antipoda (Hombron & Jaquinot 1854) P61 [incl. Chrysostoma rosea F27]
    |         M. fulminata (Hutton 1873) P61 [=Chrysostoma fulminata F27, Gibbula fulminata F27]
    |         M. hinemoa Powell 1955 P61
    |         M. macquariensis Hedley 1916 P61
    |         M. puysegurensis Powell 1939 P61
    |         M. rosea (Hutton 1873) [incl. M. decepta Iredale 1908] P61
    |         M. turneri Powell 1939 P61
    |--M. (Margarella) KC60
    |    |--*M. (M.) expansa (Sowerby 1838) BR17 (see below for synonymy)
    |    `--M. (M.) violacea P61 [=Margarita violacea F27]
    |--M. (Promargarita Strebel 1908) KC60
    |    `--M. (*P.) tropidophoroides (Strebel 1908) [=Margarites tropidophoroides] KC60
    `--M. (Submargarita Strebel 1908) KC60
         `--M. (*S.) impervia (Strebel 1908) [=Margarites impervia] KC60

*Margarella (Margarella) expansa (Sowerby 1838) BR17 [=Margarita expansa BR17, *Margaritella expansa KC60, Trochus expansus KC60]

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[F27] Finlay, H. J. 1927. A further commentary on New Zealand molluscan systematics. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 57: 320–485.

[KC60] Knight, J. B., L. R. Cox, A. M. Keen, R. L. Batten, E. L. Yochelson & R. Robertson. 1960. Gastropoda: systematic descriptions. In: Moore, R. C. (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt I. Mollusca 1: Mollusca—General Features, Scaphopoda, Amphineura, Monoplacophora, Gastropoda—General Features, Archaeogastropoda and some (mainly Paleozoic) Caenogastropoda and Opisthobranchia pp. I169–I331. Geological Society of America, and University of Kansas Press.

[P61] Powell, A. W. B. 1961. Shells of New Zealand: An illustrated handbook 4^th ed. Whitcombe and Tombs Limited: Christchurch.

Skeneidae

Cirsonella consobrina, copyright Auckland War Memorial Museum.

Belongs within: Vetigastropoda.
Contains: Brookula (Brookula).

The Skeneidae are a group of small marine gastropods with a porcelaneous, usually widely umbilicate shell (Knight et al. 1960).

<==Skeneidae [Delphinoideinae, Skeneadae, Skeneinae]
    |--Morchia Adams 1860 F27a
    |--Dikoleps Höisaeter 1968 H92
    |--Tharsiella Bush 1897 [=Porcupinia Cossmann 1900 non Haeckel 1887, Porcupina (l. c.), Tharsis Jeffreys 1883] KC60
    |    `--*T. romettensis (Seguenza ex Granata 1877) (see below for synonymy) KC60
    |--Philorene Oliver 1915 KC60
    |    `--*P. texturata Oliver 1915 KC60
    |--Haplocochlias Carpenter 1864 KC60
    |    `--*H. cyclophoreus Carpenter 1864 KC60
    |--Dillwynella Dall 1889 KC60
    |    `--*D. modesta Dall 1889 KC60
    |--Kaawatina Bartrum & Powell 1928 KC60
    |    `--*K. turneri Bartrum & Powell 1928 KC60
    |--Leucorhynchia Crosse 1867 KC60
    |    `--*L. caledonica Crosse 1867 KC60
    |--Munditiella Kuroda & Habe 1954 KC60
    |    `--*M. ammonoceras (Adams 1863) [=Cyclostrema ammonoceras] KC60
    |--Norrisella Cossmann 1888 KC60
    |    `--*N. pygmaea (Deshayes 1863) [=Turbo pygmaea] KC60
    |--Pakistania Eames 1952 KC60
    |    `--*P. antirotata Eames 1952 KC60
    |--Pondorbis Bartsch 1915 KC60
    |    `--*P. alfredensis Bartsch 1915 KC60
    |--Pygmaerota Habe 1958 KC60
    |    `--*P. duplicata (Lischke 1872) [=Cyclostrema duplicatum] KC60
    |--Rhodinoliotia Tomlin & Shackleford 1915 KC60
    |    `--*R. roseotincta (Smith 1871) [=Cyclostrema roseotinctum] KC60
    |--Tiburnus deGregorio 1890 (see below for synonymy) KC60
    |    `--T. eborea (Conrad 1833) [=Natica eborea; incl. Turbo naticoides Lea 1833, *Tiburnus naticoides] KC60
    |--Delphinoidea Brown 1827 BR17 [=Delphionoidea Brown 1844 KC60]
    |    `--*D. unispiralis (Montagu 1803) [=Helix unispiralis] BR17
    |--Lophocochlias Pilsbry 1921 KC60 [incl. Aqabarella Alhejoj, Bandel & Al-Najjar 2016 (n. n.) BR17; Aqabarellidae]
    |    |--*L. minutissimus (Pilsbry 1921) KC60 [=Haplocochlias minutissimus KC60; incl. Aqabarella pulchella BR17]
    |    `--L. procerus Rubio & Rolán 2015 [incl. *Aqabarella urdunensis Alhejoj, Bandel & Al-Najjar 2016 (n. n.) BR17
    |--Callomphala Adams & Angas 1864 F27a, BR05 [Callomphalidae]
    |    |--*C. lucida (Adams & Angas 1864) [=Neritula lucida] BR17
    |    `--C. globosa Hedley 1901 H09
    |--Leptogyra Bush 1897 KC60
    |    |--*L. verrilli Bush 1897 KC60
    |    `--L. alaskana Bartsch 1910 O27
    |--Dolicrossea Iredale 1924 [=Doliocrossea (l. c.)] KC60
    |    |--*D. labiata (Tenison-Woods 1876) KC60 [=Crossea labiata P61]
    |    `--D. vesca Finlay 1927 P61
    |--Conjectura Finlay 1927 KC60
    |    |--*C. glabella (Murdoch 1905) [=Crossea glabella] P61
    |    |--C. atypica Powell 1937 P61
    |    `--C. carinata Powell 1940 P61
    |--Parviturbo Pilsbry & McGinty 1945 MASC88
    |    |--*P. rehderi Pilsbry & McGinty 1945 KC60
    |    |--P. insularis Rolán 1988 BC01
    |    `--P. stearnsii (Dall 1918) PP78
    |--Daronia Adams 1861 KC60
    |    |--*D. (Daronia) spirula (Adams 1850) [=Cyclostrema spirula] KC60
    |    `--D. (Eudardonia Cotton 1945) KC60
    |         `--D. (*E.) taffaensis (Verco 1909) [=Cyclostrema taffaensis] KC60
    |--Tubiola Adams 1863 KC60
    |    |--*T. (Tubiola) nivea (Gmelin 1791) [=Turbo niveus] KC60
    |    `--T. (Partubiola Iredale 1936) KC60
    |         `--T. (*P.) blancha (Iredale 1936) [=*Partubiola blancha] KC60
    |--Lissotestella Powell 1946 KC60
    |    |--*L. tenuilirata (Powell 1931) [=Lissotesta tenuilirata] P61
    |    |--L. cookiana Dell 1956 P61
    |    |--L. rissoaformis (Powell 1931) P61
    |    `--L. tryphenensis (Powell 1931) P61
    |--Lodderena Iredale 1924 KC60
    |    |--*L. minima (Tenison-Woods 1878) KC60 [=Liotia minima P61]
    |    |--L. formosa Powell 1930 P61
    |    `--L. nana Powell 1930 P61
    |         |--L. n. nana P61
    |         `--L. n. pooki Fleming 1940 P61
    |--Lodderia Tate 1899 [incl. Cyclostremella Tate 1898 non Bush 1897] KC60
    |    |--*L. lodderae (Petterd 1884) KC60 [=Liotia lodderae P61]
    |    |--L. eumorpha (Suter 1908) P61 [=Cyclostrema eumorpha F27a, Elachorbis eumorpha F27a]
    |    |    |--L. e. eumorpha P61
    |    |    `--L. e. cookiana (Dell 1952) P61
    |    `--L. waitemata Powell 1940 P61
    |--Ganesa Jeffreys 1883 KC60
    |    |--*G. (Ganesa) pruinosa Jeffreys 1883 KC60
    |    |--G. (Granigyra Dall 1889) KC60
    |    |    `--G. (*G.) limata (Dall 1889) [=Cyclostrema limatum] KC60
    |    `--G. (Lissospira Bush 1897) KC60
    |         `--G. (*L.) proxima (Tryon 1888) [=Cyclostrema proximum] KC60
    |--Skenea Fleming 1825 BR05
    |    |--*S. serpuloides (Montagu 1808) [=Helix serpuloides, Delphinoidea serpuloides] KC60
    |    |--S. andersoni Janssen 1978 TTE93
    |    |--S. nitida [incl. S. laevis] J64
    |    |--S. planorbis N79
    |    |--S. radiostriata Janssen 1978 TTE93
    |    `--S. verreauxii C64
    |--Crossea Adams 1865 [=Crosseia Fischer 1885] KC60
    |    |--*C. miranda Adams 1865 KC60
    |    |--C. biconica Hedley 1902 H09
    |    |--C. gatliffi Hedley 1902 H09
    |    |--C. inverta Hedley 1907 H09
    |    |--C. minuta Petterd 1884 [=Fossarus minutus non Michaud 1827] F27b
    |    |--C. parvula Tenison-Woods 1879 F71
    |    `--C. striata Watson 1883 H09
    |--Liotella Iredale 1915 KC60
    |    |--*L. polypleura (Hedley 1904) P61 [=Liotia polypleura P61, Brookula (*Liotella) polypleura KC60]
    |    |--L. aupouria Powell 1937 P61
    |    |--L. incerta F27a
    |    |--L. indigens Finlay 1927 P61
    |    |--L. mackenae Dell 1956 P61
    |    |--L. neozelanica (Suter 1908) F27a
    |    |--L. rotula (Suter 1908) P61
    |    `--L. rotuloides Powell 1937 P61
    |--Brookula Iredale 1912 S98 [incl. Vetulonia Dall 1913 KC60; Brookulidae]
    |    |--B. (Brookula) P61
    |    |--B. (Aequispirella Finlay 1924) P61
    |    |    |--B. (*A.) corulum (Hutton 1884) [=Scalaria corulum] P61
    |    |    |--B. (A.) enderbyensis Powell 1931 P61
    |    |    |--B. (A.) finlayi Powell 1933 P61
    |    |    |--B. (A.) iredalei Finlay 1924 F27a
    |    |    `--B. (A.) tenuilirata Finlay 1924 F27a
    |    `--B. (Liocarinia Laseron 1954) KC60
    |         `--B. (*L.) disjuncta (Hedley 1903) [=Liotia disjuncta] KC60
    |--Lissotesta Iredale 1915 KC60
    |    |--*L. micra (Tenison-Woods 1877) KC60 [=Cyclostrema micra P61]
    |    |--L. ambigua Dell 1956 P61
    |    |--L. aupouria Powell 1937 P61
    |    |--L. benthicola Powell 1927 P61
    |    |--L. bicarinata Powell 1940 P61
    |    |--L. caelata Powell 1937 P61
    |    |--L. conoidea Powell 1937 P61
    |    |--L. consobrina Powell 1940 P61
    |    |--L. decipiens Powell 1940 P61
    |    |--L. errata Finlay 1927 P61
    |    |--L. exigua (Suter 1917) [=Lissospira exigua] F27a
    |    |--L. granum (Murdoch & Suter 1906) P61 [=Cirsonella granum F27a]
    |    |--L. oblata Powell 1940 P61
    |    `--L. otagoensis Dell 1956 P61
    `--Cirsonella Angas 1877 KC60
         |--*C. australis Angas 1877 P61
         |--C. accelerans Fleming 1948 P61
         |--C. consobrina Powell 1930 P61
         |--C. cubitale Hedley 1907 H09
         |--C. densilirata Suter 1908 P61
         |--C. laevis (Johnston 1880) [=Adeorbis laevis] F27b
         |--C. laxa Powell 1937 P61
         |--C. paradoxa Powell 1937 P61
         |--C. parvula Powell 1926 P61
         |--C. pisiformis Powell 1937 P61
         |--C. propelaxa Dell 1956 P61
         |--C. simplex Powell 1937 P61
         |--C. variecostata Powell 1940 P61
         |--C. waikukuensis Powell 1937 P61
         `--C. weldii (Tenison-Woods 1877) [=Cyclostrema weldii] H09

*Tharsiella romettensis (Seguenza ex Granata 1877) [=Oxystele romettensis, *Porcupinia romettensis, *Tharsis romettensis] KC60

Tiburnus deGregorio 1890 [incl. Platychilus Cossmann 1888 non Jakolev 1874, Simochilus Harris & Burrows 1891] KC60

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[BR05] Bouchet, P., & J.-P. Rocroi. 2005. Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families. Malacologia 47 (1–2): 1–397.

[BR17] Bouchet, P., J.-P. Rocroi, B. Hausdorf, A. Kaim, Y. Kano, A. Nützel, P. Parkhaev, M. Schrödl & E. E. Strong. 2017. Revised classification, nomenclator and typification of gastropod and monoplacophoran families. Malacologia 61 (1–2): 1–526.

[BC01] Boyko, C. B., & J. R. Cordeiro. 2001. Catalog of Recent type specimens in the Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History. V. Mollusca, part 2 (class Gastropoda [exclusive of Opisthobranchia and Pulmonata], with supplements to Gastropoda [Opisthobranchia], and Bivalvia). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 262: 1–170.

[C64] Carpenter, P. P. 1864. Supplementary report on the present state of our knowledge with regard to the Mollusca of the west coast of North America. Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science 33: 517–686.

[F27a] Finlay, H. J. 1927a. A further commentary on New Zealand molluscan systematics. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 57: 320–485.

[F27b] Finlay, H. J. 1927b. New specific names for austral Mollusca. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 57: 488–533.

[F71] Fletcher, H. O. 1971. Catalogue of type specimens of fossils in the Australian Museum, Sydney. Australian Museum Memoir 13: 1–167.

[H09] Hedley, C. 1909. The Marine Fauna of Queensland: Address by the President of Section D. Australasian Association for the Advancement of Science: Brisbane.

[H92] Herbert, D. G. 1992. Revision of the Umboniinae in southern Africa and Mozambique (Mollusca: Prosobranchia: Trochidae). Annals of the Natal Museum 33 (2): 379–459.

[J64] Jeffreys, J. G. 1864. Report of the committee appointed for exploring the coasts of Shetland by means of the dredge. Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science 33: 70–81.

[KC60] Knight, J. B., L. R. Cox, A. M. Keen, R. L. Batten, E. L. Yochelson & R. Robertson. 1960. Gastropoda: systematic descriptions. In: Moore, R. C. (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt I. Mollusca 1: Mollusca—General Features, Scaphopoda, Amphineura, Monoplacophora, Gastropoda—General Features, Archaeogastropoda and some (mainly Paleozoic) Caenogastropoda and Opisthobranchia pp. I169–I331. Geological Society of America, and University of Kansas Press.

[MASC88] McLean, J. H., R. S. Absalão & R. L. dos Santos Cruz. 1988. A new species of Macrarene (Turbinidae: Liotiinae) from Brazil. Nautilus 102 (3): 99–101.

[N79] Norman, A. M. 1879. The Mollusca of the fiords near Bergen, Norway. Journal of Conchology 2: 8–77.

[O27] Oldroyd, I. S. 1927. The Marine Shells of the West Coast of North America vol. 2 pt 3. Stanford University Press: Stanford University (California).

[PP78] Poorman, F. L., & L. H. Poorman. 1978. Additional molluscan records from Bahía de Los Angeles, Baja California Norte. Veliger 20 (4): 369–374.

[P61] Powell, A. W. B. 1961. Shells of New Zealand: An illustrated handbook 4^th ed. Whitcombe and Tombs Limited: Christchurch.

[S98] Stilwell, J. D. 1998. Late Cretaceous Mollusca from the Chatham Islands, New Zealand. Alcheringa 22 (1): 29–85.

[TTE93] Tracey, S., J. A. Todd & D. H. Erwin. 1993. Mollusca: Gastropoda. In: Benton, M. J. (ed.) The Fossil Record 2 pp. 131–167. Chapman & Hall: London.

Colloniinae

Homalopoma sanguineum, copyright H. Zell.

Belongs within: Vetigastropoda.

The Colloniinae are a group of small gastropods characterised by a periumbilical cord (Monari et al. 1996).

Characters (from Monari et al. 1996): Phaneromphalous base with periumbilical cord, carina or ridge formed by small enlarged part of otherwise simple or slightly thickened peristome. Angulation on protoconch whorl and/or opisthocline lineation on teleoconch rarely appear. Operculum (where known) calcareous.

<==Colloniinae [Colloniini, Homalopomatinae, Homalopomatini] BR05
    |--Bakonyia Szabó 1981 MCS96
    |--Coanollonia Woodring 1928 KC60
    |    `--*C. ambla Woodring 1928 KC60
    |--Cyniscella Cossmann 1888 KC60
    |    `--*C. cornupastoris (Lamarck 1804) [=Cyclostoma cornupastoris] KC60
    |--Gelasinostoma Gardner 1947 KC60
    |    `--*G. elegantulum (Dall 1892) [=Collonia elegantula] KC60
    |--Otomphalus Cossmann 1902 KC60
    |    `--*O. dumasi Cossmann 1902 KC60
    |--Anadema Adams & Adams 1854 KC60
    |    `--*A. caelata (Adams 1854) [=Omphalius caelata] KC60
    |--Leptocollonia Powell 1951 [incl. Cynisca Adams & Adams 1854 non Gray 1844] KC60
    |    `--*L. thielei Powell 1951 KC60
    |--Rangimata Marwick 1928 KC60
    |    `--*R. pervia Marwick 1928 KC60
    |--Tipua Marwick 1943 KC60
    |    `--*T. tricincta (Marshall 1919) [=Submargarita tricincta] KC60
    |--Vexinia Cossmann 1918 KC60
    |    `--*V. crassa (Baudon 1853) [=Delphinula crassa] KC60
    |--Otollonia Woodring 1928 KC60
    |    |--*O. siderea (Guppy 1896) [=Liotia siderea] KC60
    |    `--O. fricki (Crosse 1865) [=Arene (Otollonia) fricki] PP78
    |--‘Bothropoma’ Thiele 1924 non Wagner 1908 [Bothropomatinae] BR05
    |    |--*B. isseli Thiele 1924 BR17
    |    `--B. rubrostriatum Rolán, Rubio & Fernández-Garcés 1997 BC01
    |--Cantrainea Jeffreys 1883 [=Cantraineia Fischer 1885] KC60
    |    |--*C. peloritanum (Cantraine 1835) [=Turbo peloritanus, Homalopoma (*Cantrainea) peloritanum] KC60
    |    `--C. panamense (Dall 1908) H84
    |--Cirsochilus Cossmann 1888 KC60
    |    |--*C. (Cirsochilus) striatum (Lamarck 1804) [=Delphinula striata] KC60
    |    `--C. (Claibornia Palmer 1937) KC60
    |         `--C. (*C.) lineatum (Lea 1933) [=Turbo lineata] KC60
    |--Charisma Hedley 1915 KC60
    |    |--*C. (Charisma) compacta Hedley 1915 KC60
    |    |--C. (Cavostella Laseron 1954) KC60
    |    |    `--C. (*C.) radians Laseron 1954 KC60
    |    `--C. (Cavotera Laseron 1954) KC60
    |         `--C. (*C.) simplex Laseron 1954 KC60
    |--Argalista Iredale 1915 KC60
    |    |--*A. fluctuata (Hutton 1883) P61 (see below for synonymy)
    |    |--A. crassicostata (Murdoch 1905) P61
    |    |--A. micans Powell 1931 P61
    |    |--A. nana Finlay 1930 P61
    |    |--A. rotella Powell 1937 P61
    |    |--A. umbilicata Powell 1926 P61
    |    `--A. variecostata Powell 1937 P61
    |--Collonia Gray 1850 BR05
    |    |--*C. (Collonia) marginata (Lamarck 1804) KC60 [=Delphinula marginata KC60, Turbo marginatus C64]
    |    |--C. (Bonnetella Cossmann 1908) [incl. Bonnetia Cossmann 1907 non Robineau-Desvoidy 1830] KC60
    |    |    `--C. (*B.) planispira (Cossmann 1907) [=Bonnetia planispira] KC60
    |    |--C. (Circulopsis Cossmann 1902) KC60
    |    |    `--C. (*C.) megalomphalus Cossmann 1902 KC60
    |    |--C. (Heniastoma Cossmann 1918) KC60
    |    |    `--C. (*H.) flammulata Cossmann 1888 KC60
    |    `--C. (Parvirota Cossmann 1902) KC60
    |         `--C. (*P.) rotatoria (Deshayes 1863) [=Turbo rotatorius] KC60
    |--Leptothyra Pease 1869 KC60
    |    |--*L. costata Pease 1869 KC60
    |    |--L. bacula Carpenter 1864 O27
    |    |--L. carpenteri Pilsbry 1888 O27
    |    |--L. grippi Dall 1911 O27
    |    |--L. juanensis Dall 1919 O27
    |    |--L. laeta (Montrouzier 1863) [=Turbo laetus] H09
    |    |--L. lurida Dall 1885 O27
    |    |--L. morini Viader 1951 L96
    |    |--L. nanina (Souverbie 1864) [=Turbo naninus] H09
    |    `--L. paucicostata Dall 1871 O27
    |         |--L. p. paucicostata O27
    |         `--L. p. fenestrata Bartsch 1919 O27
    `--Homalopoma Carpenter 1864 BR05 [incl. Leptonyx Carpenter 1864 non Swainson 1833 KC60]
         |  i. s.: ‘Leptonyx’ bacula Carpenter 1864 C64
         |         H. carpenteri (Pilsbry 1888) H84
         |--*H. (Homalopoma) sanguineum (Linnaeus 1758) KC60 (see below for synonymy)
         |--H. (Boutillieria Cossmann 1888) [incl. Otaulax Cossmann 1888] KC60
         |    `--H. (*B.) eugeni (Deshayes 1863) [=Turbo eugeni] KC60
         |--H. (Collonista Iredale 1918) KC60
         |    `--H. (*C.) pictum (Pease 1868) KC60 [=Collonia picta KC60, *Collonista picta F27]
         |--H. (Eutinochilus Cossmann 1918) [=Homalochilus Cossmann 1892 non Fischer 1856] KC60
         |    `--H. (*E.) miliaris (Cossmann 1892) [=Collonia miliaris] KC60
         |--H. (Leptothyropsis Woodring 1928) KC60
         |    `--H. (*L.) philipianum (Dall 1889) [=Leptothyra philipiana] KC60
         `--H. (Phanerolepida Dall 1907) KC60
              `--H. (*P.) transenna (Watson 1879) [=Turbo transenna] KC60

*Argalista fluctuata (Hutton 1883) P61 [=Cyclostrema fluctuatum P61, Homalopoma (*Argalista) fluctuatum KC60; incl. Argalista fluctuata var. immaculata (Suter 1908) F27]

*Homalopoma (Homalopoma) sanguineum (Linnaeus 1758) KC60 [=Turbo sanguineus KC60, Leptonyx sanguineus C64; incl. T. coccineus C64]

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[BR05] Bouchet, P., & J.-P. Rocroi. 2005. Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families. Malacologia 47 (1–2): 1–397.

[BR17] Bouchet, P., J.-P. Rocroi, B. Hausdorf, A. Kaim, Y. Kano, A. Nützel, P. Parkhaev, M. Schrödl & E. E. Strong. 2017. Revised classification, nomenclator and typification of gastropod and monoplacophoran families. Malacologia 61 (1–2): 1–526.

[BC01] Boyko, C. B., & J. R. Cordeiro. 2001. Catalog of Recent type specimens in the Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History. V. Mollusca, part 2 (class Gastropoda [exclusive of Opisthobranchia and Pulmonata], with supplements to Gastropoda [Opisthobranchia], and Bivalvia). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 262: 1–170.

[C64] Carpenter, P. P. 1864. Supplementary report on the present state of our knowledge with regard to the Mollusca of the west coast of North America. Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science 33: 517–686.

[F27] Finlay, H. J. 1927. A further commentary on New Zealand molluscan systematics. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 57: 320–485.

[H09] Hedley, C. 1909. The Marine Fauna of Queensland: Address by the President of Section D. Australasian Association for the Advancement of Science: Brisbane.

[H84] Hickman, C. S. 1984. Implications of radular tooth-row functional integration for archaeogastropod systematics. Malacologia 25 (1): 143–160.

[KC60] Knight, J. B., L. R. Cox, A. M. Keen, R. L. Batten, E. L. Yochelson & R. Robertson. 1960. Gastropoda: systematic descriptions. In: Moore, R. C. (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt I. Mollusca 1: Mollusca—General Features, Scaphopoda, Amphineura, Monoplacophora, Gastropoda—General Features, Archaeogastropoda and some (mainly Paleozoic) Caenogastropoda and Opisthobranchia pp. I169–I331. Geological Society of America, and University of Kansas Press.

[L96] Loch, I. 1996. Notice: R. Viader collection. Molluscan Research 17: 110.

[MCS96] Monari, S., M. A. Conti & J. Szabó. 1996. Evolutionary systematics of Jurassic Trochoidea: the family Colloniidae and the subfamily Proconulidae. In: Taylor, J. D. (ed.) Origin and Evolutionary Radiation of the Mollusca pp. 199–204. Oxford University Press: Oxford.

[O27] Oldroyd, I. S. 1927. The Marine Shells of the West Coast of North America vol. 2 pt 3. Stanford University Press: Stanford University (California).

[PP78] Poorman, F. L., & L. H. Poorman. 1978. Additional molluscan records from Bahía de Los Angeles, Baja California Norte. Veliger 20 (4): 369–374.

[P61] Powell, A. W. B. 1961. Shells of New Zealand: An illustrated handbook 4^th ed. Whitcombe and Tombs Limited: Christchurch.

Brookula (Brookula)

Brookula benthicola, copyright Te Papa Tongarewa.

Belongs within: Skeneidae.

The type subgenus of the genus Brookula is a south Pacific group of minute gastropods with inflated, glassy shells bearing a blunt spire and spiral sculpture on the interspaces between ribs.

<==Brookula Iredale 1912 (Brookula) S98
    |--*B. (B.) stibarochila Iredale 1912 S98
    |--B. (B.) annectens Powell 1937 P61
    |--B. (B.) benthicola Dell 1956 P61
    |--B. (B.) contigua Powell 1940 P61
    |--B. (B.) endodonta Finlay 1924 F27
    |--B. (B.) fossilis Finlay 1924 [=B. (Aequispirella) fossilis] F27
    |--B. (B.) funiculata Finlay 1924 F27
    |--B. (B.) lincta Powell 1940 P61
    |--B. (B.) prognata Finlay 1927 P61
    `--B. (B.) pukeuriensis Finlay 1924 F27

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[F27] Finlay, H. J. 1927. A further commentary on New Zealand molluscan systematics. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 57: 320–485.

[P61] Powell, A. W. B. 1961. Shells of New Zealand: An illustrated handbook 4^th ed. Whitcombe and Tombs Limited: Christchurch.

[S98] Stilwell, J. D. 1998. Late Cretaceous Mollusca from the Chatham Islands, New Zealand. Alcheringa 22 (1): 29–85.

Cyclostrema

Cyclostrema cancellatum, copyright Bailey-Matthews National Shell Museum.

Belongs within: Liotiidae.

Cyclostrema is a circum-tropical genus of marine gastropods with a depressed or lenticular shell ornamented by axial varices (Knight et al. 1960).

Cyclostrema Marryatt 1818 BR05 [incl. Pseudoliotina Cossmann 1925 KC60]
    |  i. s.: C. baldridgae Bartsch 1911 O27
    |         C. basistriatum Jeffreys in Friele 1873 [=C. basistriata; incl. C. peterseni Friele 1876] N79
    |         C. diegensis Bartsch 1907 O27
    |         C. helicoides H86
    |         C. miranda Bartsch 1911 O27
    |         C. nitens N79
    |         ‘Liotia’ sensuyi Vidal 1921 [=*Pseudoliotina sensuyi] KC60
    |         C. serpuloides N79
    |         C. trochoides Jeffreys in Friele 1875 N79
    |--*C. (Cyclostrema) cancellatum Marryat 1818 KC60
    `--C. (Munditia Finlay 1927) P61
         |--C. (*M.) tryphenensis (Powell 1925) [=Liotina tryphenensis] P61
         |--C. (M.) anomala Powell 1940 P61
         |--C. (M.) aupouria Powell 1937 P61
         |--‘Munditia’ australis [=Liotia australis] F27
         |--C. (M.) delicatula Powell 1940 P61
         |--C. (M.) echinata Powell 1937 P61
         |--C. (M.) manawatawhia Powell 1937 P61
         |--C. (M.) owengaensis Powell 1933 P61
         |--C. (M.) serrata (Suter 1908) P61 [=Liotia serrata F27, Angaria serrata F27]
         |--‘Munditia’ subquadrata [=Liotia subquadrata] F27
         |--C. (M.) suteri (Mestayer 1919) P61 [=Liotia suteri F27]
         `--‘Munditia’ tasmanica [=Liotia tasmanica] F27

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[BR05] Bouchet, P., & J.-P. Rocroi. 2005. Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families. Malacologia 47 (1–2): 1–397.

[F27] Finlay, H. J. 1927. A further commentary on New Zealand molluscan systematics. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 57: 320–485.

[H86] Hutton, F. W. 1886. The Mollusca of the Pareora and Oamaru systems of New Zealand. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, series 2, 1 (1): 205–237.

[J64] Jeffreys, J. G. 1864. The Upper Tertiary fossils at Uddevalla, in Sweden. Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science 33 (Notices and Abstracts): 73–79.

[KC60] Knight, J. B., L. R. Cox, A. M. Keen, R. L. Batten, E. L. Yochelson & R. Robertson. 1960. Gastropoda: systematic descriptions. In: Moore, R. C. (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt I. Mollusca 1: Mollusca—General Features, Scaphopoda, Amphineura, Monoplacophora, Gastropoda—General Features, Archaeogastropoda and some (mainly Paleozoic) Caenogastropoda and Opisthobranchia pp. I169–I331. Geological Society of America, and University of Kansas Press.

[N79] Norman, A. M. 1879. The Mollusca of the fiords near Bergen, Norway. Journal of Conchology 2: 8–77.

[O27] Oldroyd, I. S. 1927. The Marine Shells of the West Coast of North America vol. 2 pt 3. Stanford University Press: Stanford University (California).

[P61] Powell, A. W. B. 1961. Shells of New Zealand: An illustrated handbook 4^th ed. Whitcombe and Tombs Limited: Christchurch.

Tugali

Tugali elegans, copyright Shaun Lee.

Belongs within: Fissurellidae.

Tugali is an Indo-Pacific and Antarctic genus of slit limpets with an entire, recurved apex (Knight et al. 1960).

Characters (from Knight et al. 1960): Surface radiate-cancellate; apex entire, posterior, recurved; margin crenulate within, sinuate anteriorly.

<==Tugali Gray in Dieffenbach 1843 DK10 [=Tugalia Gray 1847 KC60]
    |--T. (Tugali) KC60
    |    |--*T. (T.) elegans Gray 1843 P61
    |    `--T. (T.) parmophoidea (Quoy & Gaimard 1834) [=Emarginula parmophoidea] KC60
    `--T. (Parmophoridea Wenz 1938) [incl. Parmaphorella Strebel 1907 non Matthew 1886] KC60
         `--T. (*P.) antarctica (Strebel 1907) [=Tugalia antarctica] KC60

Tugali incertae sedis:
  T. cicatricosa DK10
  T. cinerea [incl. T. intermedia] F27
  T. colvillensis Finlay 1927 P61
  T. crassireticulata (Pritchard 1896) F27
  ‘Parmophorus’ intermedius S79
  T. navicula Finlay 1926 F27
  T. pliocenica Finlay 1926 F27
  T. stewartiana Powell 1939 P61
  T. suteri Thiele 1916 P61 (see below for synonymy)
    |--T. s. suteri P61
    `--T. s. sutherlandi Fleming 1948 P61

Tugali suteri Thiele 1916 P61 [=Emarginula (Tugalia) suteri F27; incl. T. suteri bascauda Hedley 1916 P61, F27, Tugalia bascauda F27]

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[DK10] Darragh, T. A., & G. W. Kendrick. 2010. Eocene molluscs from the Merlinleigh Sandstone, Carnarvon Basin, Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum 26 (1): 23–41.

[F27] Finlay, H. J. 1927. A further commentary on New Zealand molluscan systematics. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 57: 320–485.

[KC60] Knight, J. B., L. R. Cox, A. M. Keen, R. L. Batten, E. L. Yochelson & R. Robertson. 1960. Gastropoda: systematic descriptions. In: Moore, R. C. (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt I. Mollusca 1: Mollusca—General Features, Scaphopoda, Amphineura, Monoplacophora, Gastropoda—General Features, Archaeogastropoda and some (mainly Paleozoic) Caenogastropoda and Opisthobranchia pp. I169–I331. Geological Society of America, and University of Kansas Press.

[P61] Powell, A. W. B. 1961. Shells of New Zealand: An illustrated handbook 4^th ed. Whitcombe and Tombs Limited: Christchurch.

[S79] Smith, E. A. 1879. Notes on the species of the genus Scutus. Journal of Conchology 2: 252–264.

Puncturella

Puncturella noachina, copyright Natural History Museum Rotterdam.

Belongs within: Fissurellidae.

Puncturella is a genus of keyhole limpets with the shell perforated anterior to the apex (Knight et al. 1960).

Characters (from Knight et al. 1960): Conical, with perforation on anterior slope or near apex entering conduit or curved shelly plate within; internal groove and selenizone weak or absent.

<==Puncturella Lowe 1827 P61 [incl. Cemoria Leach 1852 non Risso 1826 KC60, Sipho Brown 1827 non Fabricius 1823 KC60]
    |--*P. (Puncturella) noachina (Linné 1758) KC60 (see below for synonymy)
    |--P. (Altrix Palmer 1942) [incl. Folia Palmer 1937 non Lohman 1892] KC60
    |    `--P. (*A.) altior (Meyer & Aldrich 1886) [=Fissurella altior] KC60
    |--P. (Cranopsis Adams 1860) [incl. Rimulanax Iredale 1924] KC60
    |    |--P. (*C.) pelex (Adams 1860) [=*Cranopsis pelex] KC60
    |    `--‘Cranopsis’ corolla (Verco 1908) MG-H11
    |--P. (Fissurisepta Seguenza 1863) KC60
    |    `--P. (*F.) papillosa (Seguenza 1863) [=*Fissurisepta papillosa] KC60
    `--P. (Rixa Iredale 1924) KC60
         `--P. (*R.) watsoni (Brazier 1894) [=Glyphis watsoni] KC60

Puncturella incertae sedis:
  P. analoga Martens 1903 P61
  P. caryophylla Dall 1914 O27
  P. conica (d’Orbigny 1841) RH96
  P. cooperi Carpenter 1864 O27
  P. cucullata (Gould 1846) O27 [=Rimula cucullata O27; incl. Diadora crucibuliformis Conrad 1855 C64]
  P. galeata (Gould 1846) [=Rimula galeata] O27
  P. galerita Hedley 1902 H09
  P. longifissa Dall 1914 O27
  P. major Dall 1891 O27
  P. manawatawhia Powell 1937 P61
  P. multistriata Dall 1914 O27
  P. pseudanaloga Powell 1957 P61

*Puncturella (Puncturella) noachina (Linné 1758) KC60 [=Patella noachina P61, Rimula noachina O27; incl. Pa. fissurella J64, Cemoria flemingii J64, Fissurella graeca J64, Sipho striata J64]

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[C64] Carpenter, P. P. 1864. Supplementary report on the present state of our knowledge with regard to the Mollusca of the west coast of North America. Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science 33: 517–686.

[H09] Hedley, C. 1909. The Marine Fauna of Queensland: Address by the President of Section D. Australasian Association for the Advancement of Science: Brisbane.

[J64] Jeffreys, J. G. 1864. The Upper Tertiary fossils at Uddevalla, in Sweden. Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science 33 (Notices and Abstracts): 73–79.

[KC60] Knight, J. B., L. R. Cox, A. M. Keen, R. L. Batten, E. L. Yochelson & R. Robertson. 1960. Gastropoda: systematic descriptions. In: Moore, R. C. (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt I. Mollusca 1: Mollusca—General Features, Scaphopoda, Amphineura, Monoplacophora, Gastropoda—General Features, Archaeogastropoda and some (mainly Paleozoic) Caenogastropoda and Opisthobranchia pp. I169–I331. Geological Society of America, and University of Kansas Press.

[MG-H11] McEnnulty, F. R., K. L. Gowlett-Holmes, A. Williams, F. Althaus, J. Fromont, G. C. B. Poore, T. D. O’Hara, L. Marsh, P. Kott, S. Slack-Smith, P. Alderslade & M. V. Kitahara. 2011. The deepwater megabenthic invertebrates on the western continental margin of Australia (100–1100 m depths): composition, distribution and novelty. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 80: 1–191.

[O27] Oldroyd, I. S. 1927. The Marine Shells of the West Coast of North America vol. 2 pt 3. Stanford University Press: Stanford University (California).

[P61] Powell, A. W. B. 1961. Shells of New Zealand: An illustrated handbook 4^th ed. Whitcombe and Tombs Limited: Christchurch.

[RH96] Reindl, S., & G. Haszprunar. 1996. Shell pores (caeca, aesthetes) of Mollusca: a case of polyphyly. In: Taylor, J. D. (ed.) Origin and Evolutionary Radiation of the Mollusca pp. 115–118. Oxford University Press: Oxford.

Anatomidae

Anatoma crispata, copyright Natural History Museum Rotterdam.

Belongs within: Vetigastropoda.

The Anatomidae are a group of marine gastropods with a trochoid biconical shell that usually bears an open slit at the periphery (Zelaya & Geiger 2007).

Characters (from Zelaya & Geiger 2007): Shell 1–11 mm, trochoid biconical, protoconch with smooth, flocculant or reticulate sculpture, slit at periphery, usually open (exceptionally closed); radula with lateral tooth 5 enlarged by elongation.

<==Anatomidae
    |--Sasakiconcha elegantissima Geiger 2006 ZG07
    |--Thieleella Bandel 1998 ZG07
    |    |--*T. amoena (Thiele 1912) [=Scissurella amoena, Anatoma amoena, Schizotrochus amoena, Sch. amoenus] ZG07
    |    |--T. argentinae Zelaya & Geiger 2007 ZG07
    |    |--T. baxteri (McLean 1984) ZG07
    |    |--T. flemingi Marshall 2002 ZG07
    |    |--T. gunteri (Cotton & Godfrey 1933) ZG07
    |    |--T. reticulata Bandel 1998 ZG07
    |    `--T. weddelliana Zelaya & Geiger 2007 ZG07
    `--Anatoma Woodward 1859 ZG07 [=Schizotrochus Monterosato 1884 KC60, P61; Anatominae, Schizotrochidae]
         |--*A. crispata (Fleming 1828) ZG07 [=Scissurella crispata ZG07, *Schizotrochus crispata P61]
         |--‘Schizotrochus’ aupouria Powell 1937 P61
         |--A. baxteri McLean 1984 ZG07
         |--A. conica (d’Orbigny 1841) [=Scissurella conica, Anatomus conicus, Schizotrochus conica] ZG07
         |--A. disciformis (Golikov & Sirenko 1980) ZG07
         |--A. euglypta (Pelseneer 1903) (see below for synonymy) ZG07
         |--‘Schizotrochus’ finlayi Powell 1937 P61
         |--A. janetae Geiger 2006 ZG07
         |--A. josephinae Odhner 1960 ZG07
         |--‘Scissurella’ mantelli Woodward 1859 F27 [=Schizotrochus mantelli P61]
         |--A. obtusata (Golikov & Gublin 1978) ZG07
         |--A. proxima F12
         |--‘Scissurella’ regia Mestayer 1916 F27 [=Schizotrochus regius P61]
         |--A. shiraseae Numanami & Okutani 1990 ZG07
         `--A. yaroni Herbert 1986 ZG07

Anatoma euglypta (Pelseneer 1903) [=Scissurella euglypta, A. euglyptus, Hainella euglypta, Schizotrochus euglyptus] ZG07

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[F27] Finlay, H. J. 1927. A further commentary on New Zealand molluscan systematics. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 57: 320–485.

[F12] Frýda, J. 2012. Phylogeny of Palaeozoic gastropods inferred from their ontogeny. In: Talent, J. A. (ed.) Earth and Life: Global biodiversity, extinction intervals and biogeographic perturbations through time pp. 395–435. Springer.

[KC60] Knight, J. B., L. R. Cox, A. M. Keen, R. L. Batten, E. L. Yochelson & R. Robertson. 1960. Gastropoda: systematic descriptions. In: Moore, R. C. (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt I. Mollusca 1: Mollusca—General Features, Scaphopoda, Amphineura, Monoplacophora, Gastropoda—General Features, Archaeogastropoda and some (mainly Paleozoic) Caenogastropoda and Opisthobranchia pp. I169–I331. Geological Society of America, and University of Kansas Press.

[P61] Powell, A. W. B. 1961. Shells of New Zealand: An illustrated handbook 4^th ed. Whitcombe and Tombs Limited: Christchurch.

[ZG07] Zelaya, D. G., & D. L. Geiger. 2007. Species of Scissurellidae and Anatomidae from sub-Antarctic and Antarctic waters (Gastropoda: Vetigastropoda). Malacologia 49 (2): 393–443.

Scissurellidae

Scissurella laevigata, from Vayssière 1894.

Belongs within: Vetigastropoda.

The Scissurellidae are a group of marine gastropods bearing a trochoid shell that usually has a slit present above the periphery (Zelaya & Geiger 2007).

Characters (from Zelaya & Geiger 2007): Shell 0.6–3 mm, trochoid, more or less depressed; protoconch sculpture variable; slit above periphery, open, closed or absent; radula with lateral tooth 5 enlarged by broadening.

<==Scissurellidae [Scissurellina, Scissurellinae]
    |--Sukashitrochus BR05
    |--Satondella tabulata Watson 1886 ZG07
    |--Temnozaga parilis McLean 1989 ZG07
    |--Scissurona Iredale 1924 P61
    |    `--*S. rosea (Hedley 1904) P61 [=Scissurella rosea P61, Incisura (*Scissurona) rosea KC60]
    |--Depressizona Geiger 2003 [Depressizonidae, Depressizoninae] BR05
    |    `--*D. exorum Geiger 2003 BR17
    |--Ariella Bandel 1998 non Gilbert 1941 (ICBN) ZG07
    |    |--*A. haliotimorpha Bandel 1998 ZG07
    |    `--A. subantarctica (Hedley 1916) [=Schismope subantarctica, Sinezona subantarctica] ZG07
    |--Sinezona Finlay 1926 ZG07
    |    |--*S. brevis (Hedley 1904) ZG07 [=Schismope brevis ZG07, Scissurella brevis P61]
    |    |--S. cingulata Costa 1861 ZG07
    |    |--S. confusa Rolán & Luque 1994 ZG07
    |    |--S. laevigata (Iredale 1908) P61 [=Schismope brevis laevigata F27]
    |    |--S. mouchezi (Vélain 1876) [=Schismope mouchezi] ZG07
    |    |--S. pauperata Powell 1933 P61
    |    |--S. plicata ZG07
    |    |--S. redferni Rolán 1996 BC01
    |    `--S. rimuloides Carpenter 1865 ZG07
    |--Schismope Jeffreys 1856 P61
    |    |--*S. cingulata [=Scissurella cingulata] P61
    |    |--S. atkinsoni (Ten.-Woods 1877) [=Scissurella atkinsoni] H09
    |    |--S. beddomei F27
    |    |--S. caliana Dall 1919 O27
    |    |--S. carinata F27
    |    |--S. iota Finlay 1927 P61
    |    |--S. lacuniformis F27
    |    |--S. laqueus Finlay 1927 P61
    |    |--S. lyallensis Finlay 1927 P61
    |    |--S. rimuloides Carpenter 1865 O27
    |    `--S. tasmanica Petterd 1879 P79
    `--Scissurella d’Orbigny 1824 ZG07 [incl. Woodwardia Crosse & Fischer 1861 KC60]
         |--*S. laevigata d’Orbigny 1824 BR17
         |--S. annulata Ravn 1933 TTE93
         |--S. bountyensis Powell 1933 P61
         |--S. chiricova Dall 1919 O27
         |--S. clathrata Strebel 1908 (see below for synonymy) ZG07
         |--S. costata d’Orbigny 1824 ZG07
         |--S. dalli Bartsch 1903 (n. d.) [=Schizotrochus dalli] ZG07
         |--S. fairchildi Powell 1933 P61
         |--S. georgica Davolos & Moolenbeek 2005 ZG07
         |--S. kaiserae Geiger 2006 ZG07
         |--S. kelseyi Dall 1905 O27
         |--S. malvinarum Zelaya & Geiger 2007 ZG07
         |--S. manawatawhia Powell 1937 P61
         |--S. obliqua Watson 1886 [=Incisura obliqua, Scissurona obliqua] ZG07
         |--S. petermannensis Lamy 1910 (see below for synonymy) ZG07
         |--S. prendrevillei Powell 1933 P61
         |--S. rimuloides C64
         |--S. staminea (Adams 1862) ZG07
         |--S. stellae Flenming 1948 P61
         `--S. supraplicata Smith 1875 [=Schizotrochus supraplicata, Sch. supraplicatus] ZG07

Scissurella clathrata Strebel 1908 [=Anatoma clathrata, Schizotrochus clathrata; incl. Sci. eucharista Melvill & Standen 1912, Sch. eucharista] ZG07

Scissurella petermannensis Lamy 1910 [=Schizotrochus petermanensis; incl. Sci. medioplicata Thiele 1925, Sci. timora Melvill & Standen 1912, Schizotrochus timora] ZG07

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[BR05] Bouchet, P., & J.-P. Rocroi. 2005. Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families. Malacologia 47 (1–2): 1–397.

[BR17] Bouchet, P., J.-P. Rocroi, B. Hausdorf, A. Kaim, Y. Kano, A. Nützel, P. Parkhaev, M. Schrödl & E. E. Strong. 2017. Revised classification, nomenclator and typification of gastropod and monoplacophoran families. Malacologia 61 (1–2): 1–526.

[BC01] Boyko, C. B., & J. R. Cordeiro. 2001. Catalog of Recent type specimens in the Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History. V. Mollusca, part 2 (class Gastropoda [exclusive of Opisthobranchia and Pulmonata], with supplements to Gastropoda [Opisthobranchia], and Bivalvia). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 262: 1–170.

[C64] Carpenter, P. P. 1864. Supplementary report on the present state of our knowledge with regard to the Mollusca of the west coast of North America. Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science 33: 517–686.

[F27] Finlay, H. J. 1927. A further commentary on New Zealand molluscan systematics. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 57: 320–485.

[H09] Hedley, C. 1909. The Marine Fauna of Queensland: Address by the President of Section D. Australasian Association for the Advancement of Science: Brisbane.

[KC60] Knight, J. B., L. R. Cox, A. M. Keen, R. L. Batten, E. L. Yochelson & R. Robertson. 1960. Gastropoda: systematic descriptions. In: Moore, R. C. (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt I. Mollusca 1: Mollusca—General Features, Scaphopoda, Amphineura, Monoplacophora, Gastropoda—General Features, Archaeogastropoda and some (mainly Paleozoic) Caenogastropoda and Opisthobranchia pp. I169–I331. Geological Society of America, and University of Kansas Press.

[O27] Oldroyd, I. S. 1927. The Marine Shells of the West Coast of North America vol. 2 pt 3. Stanford University Press: Stanford University (California).

[P79] Petterd, W. F. 1879. New species of Tasmanian marine shells. Journal of Conchology 2: 102–105.

[P61] Powell, A. W. B. 1961. Shells of New Zealand: An illustrated handbook 4^th ed. Whitcombe and Tombs Limited: Christchurch.

[TTE93] Tracey, S., J. A. Todd & D. H. Erwin. 1993. Mollusca: Gastropoda. In: Benton, M. J. (ed.) The Fossil Record 2 pp. 131–167. Chapman & Hall: London.

[ZG07] Zelaya, D. G., & D. L. Geiger. 2007. Species of Scissurellidae and Anatomidae from sub-Antarctic and Antarctic waters (Gastropoda: Vetigastropoda). Malacologia 49 (2): 393–443.

Lepetelloidea

Tectisumen clypidellaeformis, from here.

Belongs within: Vetigastropoda.

The Lepetelloidea are a group of small limpets found in deep-sea environments, characterised by an undivided shell muscle and a gill comprising a row of leaflets. The shell is low to steeply conical with the apex central or posterior to the middle and with a round or oval aperture (Knight et al. 1960).

<==Lepetelloidea BR17
    |--Bathyphytophilus Moskalev 1978 [Bathyphytophilidae] BR05
    |    `--*B. caribaeus Moskalev 1978 BR17
    |--Caymanabyssia Moskalev 1976 [Caymanabyssiidae, Caymanabyssiinae] BR05
    |    `--*C. spina Moskalev 1976 BR17
    |--Osteopelta Marshall 1987 [Osteopeltidae] BR05
    |    `--*O. mirabilis Marshall 1987 BR17
    |--Pyropelta McLean & Haszprunar 1987 [Pyropeltidae] BR05
    |    `--*P. musaica McLean & Haszprunar 1987 BR17
    |--Cocculinella Thiele 1909 [Cocculinellidae] BR05
    |    `--*C. minutissima (Smith 1904) [=Acmaea minutissima] KC60
    |--Addisoniidae [Addisonioidea] BR05
    |    |--Helicopelta Marshall 1996 [Helicopeltinae] BR05
    |    |    `--*H. rostricola Marshall 1996 BR17
    |    `--Addisonia Dall 1882 [Addisoniinae] BR05
    |         |--*A. paradoxa Dall 1882 KC60
    |         |--A. enodis Simone 1996 S11
    |         `--A. excentrica PP64
    |--Pseudococculinidae BR05
    |    |--Copulabyssia riosi Leal & Simone 2000 S11
    |    |--Kaiparapelta singularis Marshall 1986 TTE93
    |    |--Pseudococculina Schepman 1908 BR05
    |    |    |--*P. rugosoplicata Schepman 1908 [=Cocculina (*Pseudococculina) rugosoplicata] KC60
    |    |    `--P. rimula Simone & Cunha 2003 S11
    |    `--Notocrater Finlay 1927 BR05, P61 (see below for synonymy)
    |         |--*N. craticulata (Suter 1908) [=Cocculina craticulata] P61
    |         |--N. maxwelli Marshall 1986 TTE93
    |         `--N. tasmanica (Pilsbry 1895) F27a (see below for synonymy)
    `--Lepetellidae [Lepetellinae] BR05
         |--Sablea minuta Allen 1970 TTE93
         |--Lepetella Verrill 1880 BR05 [=Leptella (l. c.) nec Hall & Clarke 1892 nec Reuter 1894 nec Enderlein 1901 M-WW65]
         |    `--*L. tubicola Verrill & Smith 1880 BR17
         |--Tecticrater Dell 1956 KC60
         |    |--*T. compressa (Suter 1908) P61 (see below for synonymy)
         |    |--T. cervae (Fleming 1948) P61
         |    |--T. finlayi (Powell 1937) P61
         |    `--T. subcompressa (Powell 1937) P61
         `--Tectisumen Finlay 1927 KC60
              |--*T. clypidellaeformis (Suter 1908) P61 (see below for synonymy)
              |--T. coercita [=Cocculinella coercita] F27a
              |--T. mayi Finlay 1927 F27a
              `--T. tasmanica (May 1919) P95, F27b (see below for synonymy)

Notocrater Finlay 1927 BR05, P61 [incl. Coccopygia Dall 1889 non Reichenbach 1862 KC60, Dallia Jeffreys 1883 non Bean 1878 KC60]

Notocrater tasmanica (Pilsbry 1895) F27a [=Acmaea tasmanica F27b, Cocculina tasmanica F27a, Cocculinella tasmanica F27b]

*Tecticrater compressa (Suter 1908) P61 [=Cocculina compressa P61, Lepetella (*Tecticrater) compressa KC60, Tectisumen compressa F27a]

*Tectisumen clypidellaeformis (Suter 1908) P61 [=Cocculina clypidellaeformis P61, Lepetella (*Tectisumen) clypidellaeformis KC60]

Tectisumen tasmanica (May 1919) P95, F27b [=Cocculinella tasmanica non Acmaea tasmanica Pilsbry 1895 (not preoc. if in dif. gen.) F27a, Cocculina mayi Finlay 1923 F27b]

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[BR05] Bouchet, P., & J.-P. Rocroi. 2005. Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families. Malacologia 47 (1–2): 1–397.

[BR17] Bouchet, P., J.-P. Rocroi, B. Hausdorf, A. Kaim, Y. Kano, A. Nützel, P. Parkhaev, M. Schrödl & E. E. Strong. 2017. Revised classification, nomenclator and typification of gastropod and monoplacophoran families. Malacologia 61 (1–2): 1–526.

[F27a] Finlay, H. J. 1927a. A further commentary on New Zealand molluscan systematics. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 57: 320–485.

[F27b] Finlay, H. J. 1927b. New specific names for austral Mollusca. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 57: 488–533.

[KC60] Knight, J. B., L. R. Cox, A. M. Keen, R. L. Batten, E. L. Yochelson & R. Robertson. 1960. Gastropoda: systematic descriptions. In: Moore, R. C. (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt I. Mollusca 1: Mollusca—General Features, Scaphopoda, Amphineura, Monoplacophora, Gastropoda—General Features, Archaeogastropoda and some (mainly Paleozoic) Caenogastropoda and Opisthobranchia pp. I169–I331. Geological Society of America, and University of Kansas Press.

[M-WW65] Muir-Wood, H., & A. Williams. 1965. Strophomenida. In: Moore, R. C. (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt H. Brachiopoda vol. 1 pp. H361–H521. The Geological Society of America, Inc.: Boulder (Colorado), and The University of Kansas Press: Lawrence (Kansas).

[PP64] Peres, J. M., & J. Picard. 1964. Nouveau manuel de bionomie benthique de la mer Mediterranee. Recueil des Travaux de la Station Marine d'Endoume, Bulletin 31 (27): 5–137.

[P95] Ponder, W. F. 1995. Book review: Australian Marine Shells. Prosobranch Gastropods. Parts 1 and 2. Molluscan Research 16: 97–102.

[P61] Powell, A. W. B. 1961. Shells of New Zealand: An illustrated handbook 4^th ed. Whitcombe and Tombs Limited: Christchurch.

[S11] Simone, L. R. L. 2011. Phylogeny of the Caenogastropoda (Mollusca), based on comparative morphology. Arquivos de Zoologia 42 (4): 161–323.

[TTE93] Tracey, S., J. A. Todd & D. H. Erwin. 1993. Mollusca: Gastropoda. In: Benton, M. J. (ed.) The Fossil Record 2 pp. 131–167. Chapman & Hall: London.

Last updated: 23 October 2021.