Anthomyzidae

Anthomyza gracilis, copyright Aleksandrs Balodis.

Belongs within: Heleomyzidae.

The Anthomyzidae are a group of small, usually slender flies that are mostly found in damp habitats (Barber & Roháček 2010).

Characters (from Barber & Roháček 2010): Small (body length 1.1–3.4 mm), usually slender flies, ranging in colour from yellow to black, shiny to distinctly microtomentose; wings usually long, narrow, sometimes marked, or brachypterous. Head sometimes distinctly elongate; antenna short with pedicel not swollen or caplike, first flagellomere turned downward, arista pubescent to pectinate. One or three reclinate fronto-orbital setae with short setulae anteriorly on fronto-orbital plates and usually on frons. Ocellar and vertical setae always present; postocellar setae short, convergent, exceptionally absent. Fore femur usually with pronounced posteroventral ctenidial spine; sometimes fore tibia and some tarsomeres black, contrasting with pale femur. Mid tibia with distinct ventroapical seta. Hind femur in male usually with posteroventral row of shortened, thickened setae. Vein R₁ of wing with distinctive preapical kink. Male genitalia characterised by phallapodeme with robust ventral modified phallic guide (fulcrum) connected with hypandrium and by distiphallus bifid apically (composed of membranous saccus and slender sclerotised filum). Female tergite 7 entire or medially split (rarely desclerotised or missing), sometimes fusing with sternite 7 in various ways.

<==Anthomyzidae
    |  i. s.: Melananthomyza V87
    |         Waterhouseia V87
    |--Protanthomyza [Protanthomyzinae] BR10
    `--Anthomyzinae BR10
         |--Typhamyza BR10
         |--Paranthomyza BR10
         |--Anagnota BR10
         |--Fungomyza BR10
         |--Grimalantha BR10
         |--Margdalops BR10
         |--Epischnomyia BR10
         |--Receptrixa BR10
         |--Zealantha BR10
         |--Ischnomyia BR10
         |--Apterosepsis BR10
         |--Santhomyza Roháček 1984 BR10
         |--Amygdalops BR10
         |    |--A. simplicior Rohácek 2004 F05
         |    `--A. thomasseti O98
         |--Chamaebosca BR10
         |    |--C. cursor BR10
         |    `--C. microptera BR10
         |--Mumetopia BR10
         |    |--M. nigrimana BR10
         |    |--M. occipitalis BR10
         |    `--M. terminalis BR10
         |--Stiphrosoma BR10
         |    |--S. lucipetum BR10
         |    |--S. pullum BR10
         |    `--S. sororium BR10
         `--Anthomyza Fallén 1810 C-T92
              |--A. albimana (Meigen 1830) C-T92
              |--A. collini Andersson 1976 C-T92
              |--A. gracilis V87
              `--A. sabulosa V87

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[BR10] Barber, K. N., & J. Roháček. 2010. Anthomyzidae (anthomyzid flies). In: Brown, B. V., A. Borkent, J. M. Cumming, D. M. Wood, N. E. Woodley & M. A. Zumbado (eds) Manual of Central American Diptera vol. 2 pp. 1073–1081. NRC Research Press: Ottawa.

[C-T92] Carles-Tolrá, M. 1992. New and interesting records of Diptera Acalyptrata from Spain. Part I: Acartophthalmidae, Opomyzidae, Anthomyzidae, Asteiidae, Carnidae, Tethinidae, Milichiidae and Cryptochetidae. Bull. Annls Soc. R. Belge Ent. 128: 343–353.

[F05] Fernández, J. 2005. Noticia de nuevos táxones para la ciencia en el ámbito Íbero-Balear y Macaronésico. Nuevos táxones animales descritos en la península Ibérica y Macaronesia desde 1994 (IX). Graellsia 61 (2): 261–282.

[O98] Oosterbroek, P. 1998. The Families of Diptera of the Malay Archipelago. Brill: Leiden.

[V87] Vockeroth, J. R. 1987. Anthomyzidae. In: McAlpine, J. F. (ed.) Manual of Nearctic Diptera vol. 2 pp. 887–890. Research Branch, Agriculture Canada.

Heleomyzidae

Garlic fly Suillia sp., from here.

Belongs within: Schizophora.
Contains: Anthomyzidae.

The Heleomyzidae are a group of flies characterised by strong, convergent postocellar bristles, wing with a subcostal but no humeral break, and a preapical dorsal bristle on each tibia. The circumscription of the group has been disputed; as recognised below, it may be paraphyletic to the family Anthomyzidae (Wiegmann et al. 2011) and some authors have divided it between a number of families. Members of the tribe Rhinotorini have unusually tall heads with an excavated vertex and lacking postocellar bristles, and wings without spaced costal spines (McAlpine & Woodley 2010). The Trixoscelidini have ocellar bristles arising outside the ocellar triangle, alongside or in front of the anterior ocellus.

<==Heleomyzidae [Cnemospathidae, Helomyzidae]
    |--Trixoscelidini [Trixoscelidae, Trixoscelididae] MW10
    |    |--Spilochroa ornata MW10
    |    |--Zagonia flavicornis T87
    |    |--Paratrixoscelis T87
    |    |--Psiloplogia T87
    |    `--Trixoscelis WT11
    |         |--T. frontalis T87
    |         `--T. fumipennis MW10
    `--+--Anthomyzidae WT11
       `--Suillia [Suilliinae, Suilliini] WT11
            |--S. iniens MW10
            |--S. longipennis MW10
            |--S. lurida GP87
            |--S. punctulata MW10
            `--S. variegata WT11

Heleomyzidae incertae sedis:
  Chiropteromyza GE05
  Heleomyzini [Heleomyzinae] MW10
    |--Tephrochlamys rufiventris MW10, GP87
    |--Oecothea [incl. Aecothea, Neoecothea] MW10
    |    `--O. fenestralis CM70 [incl. Aecothea fidelis GP87]
    |--Scoliocentra [incl. Amoebaleria] MW10
    |    `--S. helvola [=Amoebaleria helvola] MW10
    |--Pseudoleria MW10
    |    |--P. pectinata CM70
    |    `--P. placata MW10 [incl. P. crassata GP87]
    `--Heleomyza GP87
         |--H. maculipennis [=Scoliocentra (Leriola) maculipennis; incl. H. difficilis] GP87
         `--H. serrata GP87
  Cinderella [Cinderellini] MW10
    `--C. lampra MW10
  Borboropsis [Borboropsidae] GP87
    `--B. puberula [incl. B. fulviceps] GP87
  Oldenbergiella brumalis GP87
  Lutomyia GP87
    |--L. hemiptera GP87
    `--L. spurca GP87
  Rhinotorini [Rhinotoridae] MW10
    |--Rhinotora MW10
    |--Rhinotoroides M87
    |--Anastomyza M87
    |--Apophoneura M87
    |--Zentula M87
    |--Neorhinotora MW10
    |    |--N. aristalis MW10
    |    `--N. diversa MW10
    `--Cairnsimyia M87
         |--C. aroana O98
         |--C. excavata M87
         `--C. robusta M87
  Paraneossos [Gephyromyzini] MW10
    `--P. arizonicus GP87
  Prosopantrum [Cnemospathidini] MW10
    `--P. flavifrons MW10
  Tapeigaster [Tapeigastrini] CM91
    `--T. annulipes CM91
  Allophylopsini CM91
    |--Diplogeomyza diaphora CM91
    `--Allophylopsis CM70
  Neossos T87
  Anorostoma GP87
    |--A. coloradense GP87
    `--A. currani O98
  Porsenus johnsoni GP87
  Allophyla atricornis [incl. A. laevis] GP87
  Morpholeria tristis GP87
  Schroederella GP87
    |--S. iners GP87
    `--S. luteoala GP87
  Orbellia GP87
  Eccoptomera GP87
  Neoleria GP87
  Spanoparea GP87
  Anypotacta GP87
  Trichochlamys borealis GP87
  Cephodapedon T87
  Chaetohelomyza electrica RJ93
  Electroleria P92
  Protosuillia P92

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[CM70] Colless, D. H., & D. K. McAlpine. 1970. Diptera (flies). In: CSIRO. The Insects of Australia: A textbook for students and research workers pp. 656–740. Melbourne University Press.

[CM91] Colless, D. H., & D. K. McAlpine. 1991. Diptera (flies). In: CSIRO. The Insects of Australia: A textbook for students and research workers 2^nd ed. vol. 2 pp. 717–786. Melbourne University Press: Carlton (Victoria).

[GP87] Gill, G. D., & B. V. Peterson. 1987. Heleomyzidae. In: McAlpine, J. F. (ed.) Manual of Nearctic Diptera vol. 2 pp. 973–980. Research Branch, Agriculture Canada.

[GE05] Grimaldi, D., & M. S. Engel. 2005. Evolution of the Insects. Cambridge University Press: New York.

[M87] McAlpine, J. F. 1987. Rhinotoridae. In: McAlpine, J. F. (ed.) Manual of Nearctic Diptera vol. 2 pp. 989–992. Research Branch, Agriculture Canada.

[MW10] McAlpine, D. K., & N. E. Woodley. 2010. Heleomyzidae (heleomyzid flies). In: Brown, B. V., A. Borkent, J. M. Cumming, D. M. Wood, N. E. Woodley & M. A. Zumbado (eds) Manual of Central American Diptera vol. 2 pp. 1159–1164. NRC Research Press: Ottawa.

[O98] Oosterbroek, P. 1998. The Families of Diptera of the Malay Archipelago. Brill: Leiden.

[P92] Poinar, G. O., Jr. 1992. Life in Amber. Stanford University Press: Stanford.

[RJ93] Ross, A. J., & E. A. Jarzembowski. 1993. Arthropoda (Hexapoda; Insecta). In: Benton, M. J. (ed.) The Fossil Record 2 pp. 363–426. Chapman & Hall: London.

[T87] Teskey, H. J. 1987. Trixoscelididae. In: McAlpine, J. F. (ed.) Manual of Nearctic Diptera vol. 2 pp. 981–984. Research Branch, Agriculture Canada.

[WT11] Wiegmann, B. M., M. D. Trautwein, I. S. Winkler, N. B. Barr, J.-W. Kim, C. Lambkin, M. A. Bertone, B. K. Cassel, K. M. Bayless, A. M. Heimberg, B. M. Wheeler, K. J. Peterson, T. Pape, B. J. Sinclair, J. H. Skevington, V. Blagoderov, J. Caravas, S. N. Kutty, U. Schmidt-Ott, G. E. Kampmeier, F. C. Thompson, D. A. Grimaldi, A. T. Beckenbach, G. W. Courtney, M. Friedrich, R. Meier & D. K. Yeates. 2011. Episodic radiations in the fly tree of life. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 108 (14): 5690–5695.

Last updated: 29 June 2021.