Anthomyia

Mating pair of Anthomyia procellaris, copyright Marcello Consolo.

Belongs within: Anthomyiidae.

Anthomyia is a widespread genus of flies characterised by contrasting dark markings on the grey thorax (Michelsen 2010).

<==Anthomyia Meigen 1803 F92 [incl. Craspedochoeta Macquart 1850 F92, Hylemyioide M10; Anthomyiini]
    |--*A. pluvialis (Linnaeus 1758) [=Musca pluvialis] F92
    |--‘Melinia’ angulata Tiensuu 1938 [=Craspedochoeta angulata] F92
    |--‘Chortophila’ cannabina Stein 1916 [=Craspedochoeta cannabina] F92
    |--A. confusa M10
    |--A. illocata Walker 1856 F92
    |--A. imbrida Rondani 1866 F92
    |--A. koreana Suh & Kwon 1985 F92
    |--A. liturata (Robineau-Desvoidy 1830) KP10 (see below for synonymy)
    |--‘Hylemyia’ maura Stein 1908 [=Craspedochoeta pullula maura] F92
    |--‘Craspedochoeta’ mimetica H87
    |--A. oculifera Bigot 1885 M10, H72
    |--A. ophiata M10
    |--A. plumiseta Stein 1918 F92
    |--A. procellaris Rondani 1866 F92
    |--‘Craspedochoeta’ pullulula Fan 1984 F92
    |--A. punctipennis Wiedemann 1830 M10, F92 [=*Craspedochoeta punctipennis F92]
    |--A. serrata [=Scatophaga (Anthomyia) serrata] G20
    `--A. sulciventris K01

Anthomyia liturata (Robineau-Desvoidy 1830) KP10 [=Craspedochoeta liturata F92; incl. Aricia pullula Zetterstedt 1845 F92]

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[F92] Fan Z. 1992. Key to the Common Flies of China 2^nd ed. Science Press: Beijing.

[G20] Goldfuss, G. A. 1820. Handbuch der Naturgeschichte vol. 3. Handbuch der Zoologie pt 1. Johann Leonhard Schrag: Nürnberg.

[H87] Huckett, H. C. 1987. Anthomyiidae. In: McAlpine, J. F. (ed.) Manual of Nearctic Diptera vol. 2 pp. 1099–1114. Research Branch, Agriculture Canada.

[K01] Kertész, K. 1901. Legyek [Dipteren]. In: Horváth, G. (ed.) Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazása [Dritte Asiatische Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] vol. 2. Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazásának Állattani Eredményei [Zoologische Ergebnisse der Dritten Asiatischen Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] pp. 179–201. Victor Hornyánszky: Budapest, and Karl W. Hierseman: Leipzig.

[KP10] Kutty, S. N., T. Pape, B. M. Wiegmann & R. Meier. 2010. Molecular phylogeny of the Calyptratae (Diptera: Cyclorrhapha) with an emphasis on the superfamily Oestroidea and the position of Mystacinobiidae and McAlpine's fly. Systematic Entomology 35: 614–635.

[M10] Michelsen, V. 2010. Anthomyiidae (anthomyiid flies). In: Brown, B. V., A. Borkent, J. M. Cumming, D. M. Wood, N. E. Woodley & M. A. Zumbado (eds) Manual of Central American Diptera vol. 2 pp. 1271–1276. NRC Research Press: Ottawa.

Scathophaga

Yellow dung fly Scathophaga stercoraria, copyright Ryszard.

Belongs within: Scathophagidae.

Scathophaga is a genus of flies with adults predaceous on other insects and larvae primarily feeding on decaying matter such as dung, rotting seaweed or carrion (Vockeroth 2010).

Characters (from Vockeroth 2010): Palpus with several apical bristles about one-quarter as long as palpus; anepisternum almost completely haired; postcoxal bridge present or absent; scutellum with four bristles; vein R₁ bare; posteroventral apical bristle of tibia at most one-quarter as long as anteroventral apical bristle.

<==Scathophaga Meigen 1803 [incl. Scopeuma Meigen 1800 (nom. rej.)] F92
    |  i. s.: S. aldrichi V10
    |         S. amplipennis Portschinsky 1887 [=Scatophaga amplipennis] F92
    |         S. apicalis V87
    |         S. gigantea Aldrich 1932 [=Scatophaga gigantea] F92
    |         S. intermedia V87
    |         S. mellipes Coquillett 1899 [=Scatophaga mellipes; incl. Scatophaga chinensis Malloch 1935] F92
    |         S. mollis V87
    |         S. reses V10
    |         S. scybalaria (Linnaeus 1758) [=Musca scybalaria] F92
    |--+--S. obscura KP10
    |  `--S. tinctinervis KP10
    `--+--+--S. stercoraria (Linnaeus 1758) KP10, F92 (see below for synonymy)
       |  |--S. pictipennis KP10
       |  |--+--S. calida KP10
       |  |  `--Ceratinostoma ostiorum KP10
       |  `--+--S. tropicalis KP10
       |     `--+--S. furcata KP10
       |        `--+--+--S. incola KP10
       |           |  |--S. suilla (Fabriciuys 1794) KP10, F92 [=Musca suilla F92]
       |           |  `--S. taeniopa (Rondani 1887) KP10, F92 (see below for synonymy)
       |           `--+--S. cineraria KP10
       |              `--+--S. lutaria KP10
       |                 `--+--S. analis KP10
       |                    `--S. inquinata KP10
       `--+--S. litorea KP10
          `--+--Spaziphora KP10
             |    |--S. cincta KP10
             |    `--S. hydromyzina KP10
             `--+--+--Chaetosa KP10
                |  |    |--C. palpalis KP10
                |  |    `--C. punctipes KP10
                |  `--Trichopalpus KP10
                |       |--T. fraterna KP10
                |       |--T. obscurella V87
                |       `--T. obscurus F15
                `--+--Acanthocnema KP10
                   |    |--A. albibarba V87
                   |    |--A. (Clinoceroides) capillata V87
                   |    `--A. glaucescens KP10
                   `--+--Microprosopa KP10
                      |    |--M. haemorrhoidalis V87
                      |    `--M. pallidicauda KP10
                      `--Pogonota KP10
                           |--P. sahlbergi KP10
                           `--+--P. barbata KP10
                              `--Okeniella KP10
                                   |--O. caudata KP10
                                   `--O. dasyprocta V87

Scathophaga stercoraria (Linnaeus 1758) KP10, F92 [=Musca stercoraria F92, Scopeuma stercorarium I92; incl. M. merdaria Fabricius 1794 F92, *Scathophaga merdaria F92]

Scathophaga taeniopa (Rondani 1887) KP10, F92 [=Scatophaga taeniopa F92; incl. Scatophaga ordinata Becker 1894 F92]

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[F92] Fan Z. 1992. Key to the Common Flies of China 2^nd ed. Science Press: Beijing.

[F15] Ferguson, E. W. 1915. Descriptions of new Australian blood-sucking flies belonging to the family Leptidae. Journal and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New South Wales 69: 233–243.

[I92] Imes, R. 1992. The Practical Entomologist. Aurum Press: London.

[KP10] Kutty, S. N., T. Pape, B. M. Wiegmann & R. Meier. 2010. Molecular phylogeny of the Calyptratae (Diptera: Cyclorrhapha) with an emphasis on the superfamily Oestroidea and the position of Mystacinobiidae and McAlpine's fly. Systematic Entomology 35: 614–635.

[V87] Vockeroth, J. R. 1987. Scathophagidae. In: McAlpine, J. F. (ed.) Manual of Nearctic Diptera vol. 2 pp. 1085–1097. Research Branch, Agriculture Canada.

[V10] Vockeroth, J. R. 2010. Scathophagidae (dung flies). In: Brown, B. V., A. Borkent, J. M. Cumming, D. M. Wood, N. E. Woodley & M. A. Zumbado (eds) Manual of Central American Diptera vol. 2 pp. 1267–1269. NRC Research Press: Ottawa.

Anthomyiidae

Emmesomyia socia, copyright James K. Lindsey.

Belongs within: Calyptratae.
Contains: Myopinini, Hydrophoriini, Eutrichota, Scathophagidae, Mycophagini, Fucelliinae, Eglini, Hylemya, Phorbia, Pegomya, Anthomyia, Acyglossini.

The Anthomyiidae are a group of small to moderately sized flies that are commonly associated with flowers and may play a significant role as pollinators. Most anthomyiids can be recognised by the presence of a cluster of hairs on the underside of the scutellum, and a faint extension of vein A₁ to the wing margin (Michelsen 2010).

Characters (from Michelsen 2010): Small to medium-sized muscoid flies, wing length 2.2–10 mm. Commonly strongly sexually dimorphic. Male abdomen usually slender and parallel-sided, cylindrical to strongly depressed with prominent U-shaped sternite 5. Ground colour of head, body and appendages often wholly or predominantly brownish-black, but shades of amber, orange-red or yellow occuring frequently, especially on frontal vitta, antenna, palpus, legs and abdomen. More or less intense layer of whitish-grey to dark brown pruinosity covering most body parts, often resulting in pattern of dark stripes, markings or bands on dorsum of thorax and abdomen; patterns often only clearly visible from certain angles of view. Pair of inclinate frontal setae usually present on frontal vitta of females and broad-fronted males. Katepisternal setae 0–2 + 1–3; meron bares, exceptionally with some irregular setulae, never with row of setae. Ventral tip of scutellum usually with ventral hairs or fine setae (occasionally absent). Basitarsus of hind leg with oustanding ventrobasal setula. M₁ not strongly curved or angled forward on distal part; vein A₁ usually traceable to margin of wing. Upper and lower calypters usually forming subequal, modest-sized lobes but exceptionally lower calypter strongly reduced.

<==Anthomyiidae [Anthomyinae, Anthomyiinae, Hylemyinae, Pegomyinae, Pegomyini] M10
    |--+--Myopinini KP10
    |  `--+--Hydrophoriini KP10
    |     `--Acridomyia Stackelberg 1929 [Acridomyiini] F92
    |          |--*A. sacharovi Stackelberg 1929 F92
    |          `--A. canadensis H87
    `--+--+--‘Hylemya’ variata KP10
       |  `--+--Eutrichota KP10
       |     `--Emmesomyia Malloch 1917 KP10, F92 [incl. Neopegomyia Malloch 1929 F92]
       |          |--‘Spilogaster’ socialis Stein 1898 [incl. *Emmesomyia unica Malloch 1917] F92
       |          |--E. dorsalis (Stein 1915) [=Pegomyia dorsalis] F92
       |          |--E. flavitarsis Suwa 1974 F92
       |          |--E. grisea (Robineau-Desvoidy 1830) [=Phorbia grisea] F92
       |          |--E. hasegawai Suwa 1979 F92
       |          |--E. kempi (Brunetti 1924) [=Pegomyia kempi] F92
       |          |--E. mjegastigmata Ma, Mou & Fan 1982 F92
       |          |--E. oriens Suwa 1974 F92
       |          |--E. ovata (Stein 1915) [=Pegomyia ovata] F92
       |          |--E. socia F92
       |          |    |--E. s. socia F92
       |          |    `--E. s. suwai Ge & Fan 1988 F92
       |          `--E. subvillica Fan, Ma & Mou 1982 F92
       `--+--+--Scathophagidae KP10
          |  `--+--Mycophagini KP10
          |     `--Hydromyza KP10
          |          |--H. confluens KP10
          |          `--H. livens KP10
          `--+--+--Fucelliinae KP10
             |  `--Eglini KP10
             `--+--Hylemyini F92
                |    |--Hylemya KP10
                |    |--Phorbia F92
                |    |--Heterostylodes Hennig 1967 [incl. Heterostylus Schnabl & Dziedicki 1911 non Faust 1890] F92
                |    |    |--*H. pratensis (Meigen 1826) [=Anthomyia pratensis] F92
                |    |    `--H. pilifera F92
                |    `--Sinohylemya Hsue 1980 F92
                |         |--*S. ctenocnema Hsue 1980 F92
                |         `--S. craspedodonta Hsue 1980 F92
                `--+--+--Pegomya KP10
                   |  `--Anthomyia KP10
                   `--+--Acyglossini KP10
                      `--Hyporitini F92
                           |--Hyporites Pokorny 1893 F92
                           |    |--*H. montana (Schiner 1862) [=Eriphia montana] F92
                           |    `--H. shakshain Suwa 1974 F92
                           `--Engyneura Stein 1907 F92
                                |--*E. setigera Stein 1907 F92
                                |--E. curvostylata Fan & Chen 1980 F92
                                |--E. gracilior Fan & Zhong 1980 F92
                                |--E. leptinostylata Fan, Van & Ma 1980 F92
                                `--E. pilipes Stein 1907 F92

Anthomyiidae incertae sedis:
  Protanthomyia minuta GE05
  Coenosopsia M10
    |--C. mexicana M10
    `--C. prima M10
  Prosalpia silvestris K01
  Hammomyia BM76
    |--H. grisea BM76
    `--H. sociata BM76
  Chortophila K01
    |--C. cilicrura [incl. Anthomyia rubifrons Bigot 1885, A. rubrifrons ms, A. sanctijacobi Bigot 1885] H72
    |--C. cinerella [incl. C. pusilla] K01
    |--C. curvicauda K01
    |--C. discreta K01
    |--C. impudica K01
    |--C. lepida K01
    |--C. longula K01
    |--C. rupicapra R13
    `--C. sepia K01
  Phaonantho mallochi M10
  Taeniomyia [incl. Anthojuba] M10
  Myopinella Michelsen 2010 [=Myopella Malloch 1934 non Robineau-Desvoidy 1853] M10
    `--*M. appendiculata (Stein 1904) [=Myopina appendiculata, *Myopella appendiculata] M10
  Eremomyioides H87
  Macrophorbia houghi H87
  Anthomyiella pratincola H87
  Proboscimyia brevis H87
  Ganperdea H87
  Macateeia H87
    |--M. atra H87
    `--M. protuberans H87
  Erioischia brassicae RD77

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[BM76] Bohart, R. M., & A. S. Menke. 1976. Sphecid Wasps of the World. University of California Press: Berkeley.

[F92] Fan Z. 1992. Key to the Common Flies of China 2^nd ed. Science Press: Beijing.

[GE05] Grimaldi, D., & M. S. Engel. 2005. Evolution of the Insects. Cambridge University Press: New York.

[H72] Huckett, H. C. 1972. Notes on Bigot's North American type-specimens at the University Museum, Oxford (Diptera: Anthomyiidae, Muscidae). Pan-Pacific Entomologist 48 (2): 81–85.

[H87] Huckett, H. C. 1987. Anthomyiidae. In: McAlpine, J. F. (ed.) Manual of Nearctic Diptera vol. 2 pp. 1099–1114. Research Branch, Agriculture Canada.

[K01] Kertész, K. 1901. Legyek [Dipteren]. In: Horváth, G. (ed.) Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazása [Dritte Asiatische Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] vol. 2. Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazásának Állattani Eredményei [Zoologische Ergebnisse der Dritten Asiatischen Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] pp. 179–201. Victor Hornyánszky: Budapest, and Karl W. Hierseman: Leipzig.

[KP10] Kutty, S. N., T. Pape, B. M. Wiegmann & R. Meier. 2010. Molecular phylogeny of the Calyptratae (Diptera: Cyclorrhapha) with an emphasis on the superfamily Oestroidea and the position of Mystacinobiidae and McAlpine's fly. Systematic Entomology 35: 614–635.

[M10] Michelsen, V. 2010. Anthomyiidae (anthomyiid flies). In: Brown, B. V., A. Borkent, J. M. Cumming, D. M. Wood, N. E. Woodley & M. A. Zumbado (eds) Manual of Central American Diptera vol. 2 pp. 1271–1276. NRC Research Press: Ottawa.

[R13] Reuter, O. M. 1913. Lebensgewohnheiten und Instinkte der Insekten bis zum Erwachen der sozialen Instinkte. R. Friedländer & Sohn: Berlin.

[RD77] Richards, O. W., & R. G. Davies. 1977. Imms' General Textbook of Entomology 10^th ed. vol. 2. Classification and Biology. Chapman and Hall: London.

Last updated: 7 July 2021.

Scathophagidae

Cordilura sp., copyright S. Rae.

Belongs within: Anthomyiidae.
Contains: Scathophaga.

The Scathophagidae are a group of slender, bristly flies that are predaceous on other insects as adults. Larvae are more varied in habits, including saprophagous, predatory and plant-feeding species (Vockeroth 2010).

Characters (from Vockeroth 2010): Slender, medium-sized (body length 6.5–13 mm), strongly bristled and sometimes setose flies, subshining to densely pruinose. Wing clear or with crossveins clouded. Frons about as wide as head in both sexes, without cruciate interfrontal bristles. Arista nearly bare to plumose. Palpus slightly broadened toward apex. Anepisternum extensively bare on anteroventral portion or with abundant fine setae on anterior one-quarter; katepisternum with one strong bristle posterodorsally. Postmetacoxal bridge present or absent. Vein R₁ bare or setose above; A₁ reaching wing margin. Female abdomen with seven pairs of spiracles.

<==Scathophagidae [Cordiluridae, Scathophaginae] V10
    |--+--Norellia Robineau-Desvoidy 1830 KP10, F92 [incl. Norellitoma Wahlgren 1917 F92]
    |  |    |  i. s.: N. longiabdomina Sun 1991 F92
    |  |    |         N. triangula Sun 1991 F92
    |  |    |--+--N. spinipes (Meigen 1826) KP10, F92 (see below for synonymy)
    |  |    |  `--+--N. spinimana KP10
    |  |    |     `--N. striolata KP10
    |  |    `--+--N. liturata KP10
    |  |       `--+--N. flavicorne KP10
    |  |          `--N. mirusae KP10
    |  `--+--+--Scathophaga KP10
    |     |  `--+--Acerocnema KP10
    |     |     |    |--A. macrocera KP10
    |     |     |    `--A. rufula V87
    |     |     `--Gimnomera KP10
    |     |          |--G. cuneiventris KP10
    |     |          |--G. tarsea KP10
    |     |          `--+--G. cerea KP10
    |     |             `--G. dorsata KP10
    |     `--+--+--Cleigastra apicalis KP10
    |        |  `--Neorthacheta dissimilis KP10, V87
    |        `--+--Orthacheta cornuta KP10
    |           `--Nanna Becker 1894 KP10, F92 [incl. Amaurosoma Becker 1894 F92]
    |                |  i. s.: N. katmaiensis V87
    |                |         N. truncata Fan 1976 F92
    |                |--N. brunneicosta KP10
    |                `--+--N. tibiella KP10
    |                   `--+--N. inermis KP10
    |                      `--+--N. fasciata KP10
    |                         `--+--*N. flavipes (Fallen 1819) F92, KP10, F92 [=Cordylura flavipes F92]
    |                            `--N. articulata KP10
    `--+--Delininae KP10
       |    |--Chylizosoma vittatum KP10
       |    `--+--Americina adusta KP10, V87
       |       `--Delina nigrita KP10, V87
       `--Cordilura KP10
            |  i. s.: C. bisignata O98
            |         C. brevicornis V10
            |         C. exhumata V87
            |         C. vetusta V87
            |         C. (Cordilura) V87
            |           |--C. (C.) proboscidea V87
            |           `--C. (C.) rufipes V87
            |         C. (Acicephala) polita V87
            |         C. (Paratidia) criddlei V87
            |         C. (Scoliaphleps) ustulata V87
            |         C. (Snyderia) praeusta V87
            |--C. carbonaria KP10
            `--+--+--Phrosia albilabris KP10
               |  `--C. pudica KP10
               `--+--C. albipes KP10
                  |--C. atrata KP10
                  |--C. latifrons KP10
                  |--C. ontario KP10
                  |--C. pubera KP10
                  |--C. (Achaetella) varipes V87, KP10
                  |--+--C. ciliata KP10
                  |  `--C. umbrosa KP10
                  `--+--C. dimidata KP10
                     `--C. (Cordilurina) V87
                          |--C. (C.) fuscipes V87
                          `--C. (C.) pleuricata V87, KP10

Scathophagidae incertae sedis:
  Scatogera BW09
  Ernoneura argus V87
  Allomyella V87
  Neochirosia atrifrons V87
  Pleurochaetella simplicipes V87
  Staegeria V87
  Hexamitocera loxocerata V87
  Peratomyia vittata V87
  Plethochaeta varicolor V87
  Norellisoma spinimanum V87
  Cosmetopus longus V87
  Megaphthalma V87
    |--M. longicornis O98
    `--M. pallida V87
  Bucephalina (Neogimnomera) amans V87
  Brooksiella varicornis V87
  Cordylurella V87
  Huckettia nearctica V87
  Megaphthalmoides unilineatus V87
  Gonarcticus V87
  Gonatherus planiceps V87
  Parallelomma vittatum V87
  Synchysa tricincta V87
  Dromogaster incompta V87

Norellia spinipes (Meigen 1826) KP10, F92 [=Cordylura spinipes F92; incl. *N. pseudonarcissi Robineau-Desvoidy 1830 F92]

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[BW09] Buck, M., N. E. Woodley, A. Borkent, D. M. Wood, T. Pape, J. R. Vockeroth, V. Michelsen & S. A. Marshall. 2009. Key to Diptera families—adults. In: Brown, B. V., A. Borkent, J. M. Cumming, D. M. Wood, N. E. Woodley & M. A. Zumbado (eds) Manual of Central American Diptera vol. 1 pp. 95–156. NRC Research Press: Ottawa.

[F92] Fan Z. 1992. Key to the Common Flies of China 2^nd ed. Science Press: Beijing.

[KP10] Kutty, S. N., T. Pape, B. M. Wiegmann & R. Meier. 2010. Molecular phylogeny of the Calyptratae (Diptera: Cyclorrhapha) with an emphasis on the superfamily Oestroidea and the position of Mystacinobiidae and McAlpine's fly. Systematic Entomology 35: 614–635.

[O98] Oosterbroek, P. 1998. The Families of Diptera of the Malay Archipelago. Brill: Leiden.

[V87] Vockeroth, J. R. 1987. Scathophagidae. In: McAlpine, J. F. (ed.) Manual of Nearctic Diptera vol. 2 pp. 1085–1097. Research Branch, Agriculture Canada.

[V10] Vockeroth, J. R. 2010. Scathophagidae (dung flies). In: Brown, B. V., A. Borkent, J. M. Cumming, D. M. Wood, N. E. Woodley & M. A. Zumbado (eds) Manual of Central American Diptera vol. 2 pp. 1267–1269. NRC Research Press: Ottawa.

Last updated: 6 July 2021.