Hoplocarida

Heterosquilla tricarinata, copyright Svamp.

Belongs within: Eumalacostraca.
Contains: Squillidae, Lysiosquillidae, Gonodactyloidea.

The Hoplocarida, including the mantis shrimps and their fossil relatives, are a group of malacostracan crustaceans bearing a small carapace and at least four free thoracic segments, together with a large abdomen ending in a tail fan.

<==Hoplocarida
    |  i. s.: Neogonodactylus RS10
    |           |--N. bredini SC17
    |           `--N. oerstedii RS10
    |--Perimecturidae [Palaeostomatopoda] BWW93
    |    |--Archaeocaris graffhami Brooks 1962 BWW93
    |    |--Eopteridium striatum Rohdendorf 1970 BWW93
    |    |--Bairdops beargulchensis Schram & Horner 1978 BWW93
    |    `--Perimecturus [incl. Eopterum; Archaeoptera] S77
    |         |--‘Eopterum’ devonicum Rohdendorf 1961 BWW93
    |         `--P. rapax Schram & Horner 1978 BWW93
    |--Aeschronectida G88
    |    |--Kallidechtes [Kallidecthidae] BWW93
    |    |    |--K. eageri Schram 1979 BWW93
    |    |    `--K. richardsoni Schram 1969 BWW93
    |    |--Aratidecthidae BWW93
    |    |    |--Crangopsis BWW93
    |    |    |    |--C. cooperi [=Pygocephalus cooperi] S74
    |    |    |    `--C. eskdalensis (Peach 1882) BWW93
    |    |    `--Aratidecthes johnsoni Schram 1969 BWW93
    |    `--Aenigmacarididae BWW93
    |         |--Joanellia BWW93
    |         |    |--J. elegans (Peach 1883) BWW93
    |         |    `--J. lundi G88
    |         `--Aenigmacaris G88
    |              |--A. cornigerum G88
    |              `--A. minima Schram & Schram 1979 BWW93
    `--Stomatopoda MD01
         |  i. s.: Alima hyalina Leach 1817 C73
         |         Pseudosquillopsis cerisii (Roux 1828) C73
         |         Eurysquilloides [Eurysquilloididae, Eurysquilloidoidea] MD01
         |         Erythrosquillidae [Erythrosquilloidea] MD01
         |--Tyrannophontidae [Archaeostomatopoda] BWW93
         |    |  i. s.: ‘Perimecturus’ pattoni Peach 1908 BWW93
         |    |--Tyrannophontes theridion BWW93
         |    `--Gorgonophontes peleron Schram 1984 BWW93
         `--Unipeltata BWW93
              |--Squillidae BWW93
              |--Bathysquilloidea BWW93
              |    |--Indosquillidae MD01
              |    |--Bathysquilla C73 [Bathysquillidae MD01]
              |    |    |--B. microps (Manning 1961) C73
              |    |    `--B. wetherelli (Woodward 1879) BWW93
              |    `--Sculdidae BWW93
              |         |--Pseudosculda laevis Schluter 1872 BWW93
              |         `--Sculda BWW93
              |              |--S. pennata Münster 1840 BWW93
              |              `--S. syriaca Dames 1886 BWW93
              |--Lysiosquilloidea BWW93
              |    |--Lysiosquillidae C73
              |    |--Coronis C73 [Coronididae MD01]
              |    |    `--C. excavatrix Brooks 1886 C73
              |    |--Nannosquilla C73 [Nannosquillidae MD01]
              |    |    |--N. occulta [=Lysiosquilla occulta] C73
              |    |    |--N. schmitti (Manning 1962) C73
              |    |    `--N. taylori Manning 1969 C73
              |    `--Heterosquilla K-MM02 [Heterosquillidae, Tetrasquillidae MD01]
              |         |--H. armata K-MM02
              |         |--H. brazieri HS01
              |         `--H. tricarinata HS01
              `--Gonodactyloidea BWW93

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[BWW93] Briggs, D. E. G., M. J. Weedon & M. A. Whyte. 1993. Arthropoda (Crustacea excluding Ostracoda). In: Benton, M. J. (ed.) The Fossil Record 2 pp. 321–342. Chapman & Hall: London.

[C73] Camp, D. K. 1973. Stomatopod Crustacea. Memoirs of the Hourglass Cruises 3 (2): 1–100.

[G88] Gray, J. 1988. Evolution of the freshwater ecosystem: the fossil record. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 62: 1–214.

[HS01] Hayward, B. W., A. B. Stephenson, M. S. Morley, W. M. Blom, H. R. Grenfell, F. J. Brook, J. L. Riley, F. Thompson & J. J. Hayward. 2001. Marine biota of Parengarenga Harbour, Northland, New Zealand. Records of the Auckland Museum 37: 45–80.

[K-MM02] Klein-MacPhee, G., & R. S. McBride. 2002. Sea robins. Family Triglidae. In: Collette, B. B., & G. Klein-MacPhee (eds) Bigelow and Schroeder’s Fishes of the Gulf of Maine 3^rd ed. pp. 338–345. Smithsonian Institute Press: Washington.

[MD01] Martin, J. W., & G. E. Davis. 2001. An updated classification of the Recent Crustacea. Natural History Museum Los Angeles County, Science Series 39: 1–124.

[RS10] Regier, J. C., J. W. Shultz, A. Zwick, A. Hussey, B. Ball, R. Wetzer, J. W. Martin & C. W. Cunningham. 2010. Arthropod relationships revealed by phylogenomic analysis of nuclear protein-coding sequences. Nature 463: 1079–1083.

[S74] Schram, F. R. 1974. Convergences between Late Paleozoic and modern caridoid Malacostraca. Systematic Zoology 23 (3): 323–332.

[S77] Schram, F. R. 1977. Paleozoogeography of Late Paleozoic and Triassic Malacostraca. Systematic Zoology 26 (4): 367–379.

[SC17] Schwentner, M., D. J. Combosch, J. P. Nelson & G. Giribet. 2017. A phylogenomic solution to the origin of insects by resolving crustacean-hexapod relationships. Current Biology 27: 1818–1824.

Squillidae

The mantis shrimp Squilla empusa, photographed by Richard King.

Belongs within: Hoplocarida.

The Squillidae is a family of mantis shrimps whose members have spearing claws, adapted for catching soft prey (Manning 1980).

Characters (from Manning 1980): Propodi of posterior three maxillipeds slender, not beaded or ribbed ventrally. Telson with distinct median carina. At most submedian teeth of telson with movable apices. Four or more intermediate denticles present on telson.

<==Squillidae [Harpiosquillidae, Squilloidea] MD01
    |--Meiosquilla C73
    |    |--M. quadridens (Bigelow 1893) [=Squilla quadridens] C73
    |    `--M. schmitti (Lemos de Castro 1955) [=Squilla schmitti] C73
    `--Squilla Fabricius 1787 B02
         |--S. chydaea Manning 1962 C73
         |--S. deceptrix Manning 1969 C73
         |--S. discors Manning 1962 C73
         |--S. edentata (Lunz 1937) C73
         |--S. empusa Say 1818 C73
         |--S. granti G75
         |--S. grenadensis Manning 1969 C73
         |--S. heptacantha C73
         |--S. interrupta G75
         |--S. investigatoris H15
         |--S. massawensis P71
         |--S. neglecta Gibbes 1850 [=Chloridella neglecta] C73
         |--S. prasinolineata Dana 1852 C73
         |--S. raphidea G75
         `--S. rugosa Bigelow 1893 C73
              |--S. r. rugosa C73
              `--S. r. pinensis (Lunz 1937) [=Chloridella rugosa var. pinensis] C73

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[B02] Boyko, C. B. 2002. A worldwide revision of the recent and fossil sand crabs of the Albuneidae Stimpson and Blepharipodidae, new family (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura: Hippoidea). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 272: 1-396.

[C73] Camp, D. K. 1973. Stomatopod Crustacea. Memoirs of the Hourglass Cruises 3 (2): 1-100.

[G75] Grant, E. M. 1975. Guide to Fishes. The Co-ordinator-General's Department: Brisbane (Australia).

[H15] Harmer, S. F. 1915. The Polyzoa of the Siboga Expedition – Part I. Entoprocta, Ctenostomata and Cyclostomata. E. J. Brill: Leyden.

Manning, R. B. 1980. The superfamilies, families, and genera of recent stomatopod Crustacea, with diagnoses of six new families. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 93 (2): 362-372.

[MD01] Martin, J. W., & G. E. Davis. 2001. An updated classification of the Recent Crustacea. Natural History Museum Los Angeles County, Science Series 39: 1-124.

[P71] Por, F. D. 1971. One hundred years of Suez Canal—a century of Lessepsian migration: retrospect and viewpoints. Systematic Zoology 20 (2): 138-159.