Pardosa

Pardosa lugubris, copyright MdE.

Belongs within: Lycosinae.

Pardosa is a diverse genus of wolf spiders commonly found in damp habitats near ponds and streams. Species of this genus include P. lugubris, widespread in the Palaearctic region.

<==Pardosa Koch 1847 [Pardosinae] MGK03
    |--+--+--P. brevivulva PY07
    |  |  `--P. hedini PY07
    |  `--+--P. laura PY07
    |     `--P. takahashii (Saito 1936) PY07, VMP02
    `--+--+--P. paludicola (Clerck 1757) PY07, MGK03
       |  `--+--+--P. alacris PY07
       |     |  `--P. lugubris (Walckenaer 1802) PY07, MGK03 [=Lycosa lugubris V09]
       |     `--+--P. amentata (Clerck 1758) PY07, F08 (see below for synonymy)
       |        `--+--P. riparia PY07
       |           `--+--P. prativaga (Koch 1870) PY07, K55
       |              `--P. pullata (Clerck 1757) PY07, MGK03 [=Lycosa pullata V09]
       `--+--P. nigra PY07
          `--+--+--P. astrigera Koch 1878 PY07, KS02
             |  `--+--P. isago PY07
             |     `--P. lyrifera PY07
             `--+--P. hortensis (Thorell 1872) PY07, MGK03
                `--+--+--P. oreophila PY07
                   |  `--P. saturatior PY07
                   `--+--P. blanda PY07
                      `--+--P. agrestis (Westring 1861) PY07, MGK03
                         `--P. palustris (Linnaeus 1758) PY07, F08 [=Aranea palustris F08]

Pardosa incertae sedis:
  P. adumbrata (Urquhart 1887) [=Lycosa adumbrata] NS00
  P. adustella Roewer 1951 MGK03
  P. aenigmatica Tongiorgi 1966 MGK03
  P. agricola (Thorell 1856) MGK03
  P. aquila Buchar & Thaler 1998 MGK03
  P. atrata (Thorell 1873) K02
  P. azerifalcata Marusik, Guseinov & Koponen 2003 MGK03
  P. bifasciata (Koch 1834) MGK03
  P. birmanica (Simon 1884) HU08
  P. buchari Ovtsharenko 1979 MGK03
  P. caucasica Ovtsharenko 1979 MGK03
  P. colchica Mcheidze 1947 MGK03
  P. feldmanni (Strand 1907) (n. d.) [=Lycosa feldmanni] J98
  P. fuscula CM07
  P. goyeni FF99
  P. groenlandica CM07
  P. gusarensis Marusik, Guseinov & Koponen 2003 MGK03
  P. hanrasanensis Jo & Paik 1984 MGK03
  P. hyperborea (Thorell 1872) K02
  P. ibex Buchar & Thaler 1998 MGK03
  P. incerta Nosek 1905 MGK03
  P. injucunda P.-Cambridge 1876 [incl. Lycosa feldmanni xanthippe Strand 1916, P. feldmanni xanthippe] J98
  P. italica Tongiorgi 1966 MGK03
  P. jergeniensis Ponomarev 1979 MGK03
  P. josemitensis (Strand 1908) [=Lycosa josemitensis] J98
  P. lapidicina (Emerton 1885) KP14
  P. lignaria K01
  P. luctinosa Simon 1876 MGK03
  P. mackenziana (Keyserling 1877) PS08
  P. modica CM07
  P. mongolica Kulczyński 1901 K01
  P. monticola (Clerck 1757) K55
  P. morosa (Koch 1870) MGK03
  P. naevioides (Strand 1916) [=Lycosa naevioides] J98
  P. nebulosa (Thorell 1872) MGK03
  P. nigriceps (Thorell 1856) PG08 [=Lycosa nigriceps V09]
  P. paracolchica Zyuzin & Logunov 2000 MGK03
  P. pirculiensis Zyuzin & Logunov 2000 MGK03
  P. pontica (Thorell 1875) MGK03
  P. proxima (Koch 1847) MGK03 [=Lycosa proxima V09]
  P. proximella Strand 1906 (n. d.) [=Lycosa proximella] J98
    |--P. p. proximella J98
    `--P. p. messingerae (Strand 1916) [=Lycosa proximella messingerae] J98
  P. purbeckensis (Westring 1861) PG08
  P. saltans Töpfer-Hofmann 2000 PG08
  P. saltuaria (Koch 1870) MGK03
  P. schenkeli Lessert 1904 MGK03
  P. seydi (Strand 1908) [=Lycosa seydi] J98
  P. sphagnicola (Dahl 1908) MGK03
  P. strigillata (Simon 1876) K55
  P. tasevi Buchar 1968 MGK03
  P. tatarica (Thorell 1875) MGK03
  P. vicaria S99
  P. vittata (Keyserling 1863) MGK03

Pardosa amentata (Clerck 1758) PY07, F08 [=Lycosa amentata V09; incl. Aranea fumigata Linnaeus 1758 F08, P. amentata f. ileachensis J02, A. saccata Linnaeus 1758 F08]

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[CM07] Cokendolpher, J. C., & P. G. Mitov. 2007. Natural enemies. In: Pinto-da-Rocha, R., G. Machado & G. Giribet (eds) Harvestmen: The Biology of Opiliones pp. 339–373. Harvard University Press: Cambridge (Massachusetts).

[FF99] Forster, R., & L. Forster. 1999. Spiders of New Zealand and their World-wide Kin. University of Otago Press: Dunedin (New Zealand).

[F08] Framenau, V. W. 2008. A new wolf spider species of the genus Artoria from Western Australia (Araneae: Lycosidae). Records of the Western Australian Museum 24 (4): 363–368.

[HU08] Hore, U., & V. P. Uniyal. 2008. Diversity and composition of spider assemblages in five vegetation types of the Terai Conservation Area, India. Journal of Arachnology 36 (2): 251–258.

[J98] Jäger, P. 1998. Das Typenmaterial der Spinnentiere (Arachnida: Acari, Amblypygi, Araneae, Opiliones, Pseudoscorpiones, Scorpiones, Uropygi) aus dem Museum Wiesbaden. Jahrbuecher des Nassauischen Vereins fuer Naturkunde 119: 81–91.

[J02] Jocqué, R. 2002. Genitalic polymorphism—a challenge for taxonomy. Journal of Arachnology 30 (2): 298–306.

[KP14] Keiser, C. N., & J. N. Pruitt. 2014. Submersion tolerance in a lakeshore population of Pardosa lapidicina (Araneae: Lycosidae). Journal of Arachnology 42 (2): 192–194.

[KS02] Kiss, B., & F. Samu. 2002. Comparison of autumn and winter development of two wolf spider species (Pardosa, Lycosidae, Araneae) having different life history patterns. Journal of Arachnology 30 (2): 409–415.

[K02] Koponen, S. 2002. Ground-living spiders in bogs in northern Europe. Journal of Arachnology 30 (2): 262–267.

[K55] Kraus, O. 1955. Spinnen von Korsika, Sardinien und Elba (Arach., Araneae). Senckenbergiana Biologica 36: 371–394.

[K01] Kulczyński, V. 1901. Arachnoideák [Arachnoidea]. In: Horváth, G. (ed.) Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazása [Dritte Asiatische Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] vol. 2. Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazásának Állattani Eredményei [Zoologische Ergebnisse der Dritten Asiatischen Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] pp. 311–369. Victor Hornyánszky: Budapest, and Karl W. Hierseman: Leipzig.

[MGK03] Marusik, Yu. M., E. F. Guseinov & S. Koponen. 2003. Spiders (Arachnida: Aranei) of Azerbaijan. 2. Critical survey of wolf spiders (Lycosidae) found in the country with description of three new species and brief review of Palaearctic Evippa Simon, 1885. Arthropoda Selecta 12 (1): 47–65.

[NS00] Nicholls, D. C., P. J. Sirvid, S. D. Pollard & M. Walker. 2000. A list of arachnid primary types held in Canterbury Museum. Records of the Canterbury Museum 14: 37–48.

[PY07] Park, Y. C., J.-S. Yoo, M. P. Schwarz, N. Murphy & J.-P. Kim. 2007. Molecular phylogeny of east Asian wolf spiders (Araneae: Lycosidae) inferred from mitochondrial 12S ribosomal DNA. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 100 (1): 1–8.

[PG08] Pétillon, J., & A. Garbutt. 2008. Success of managed realignment for the restoration of salt-marsh biodiversity: preliminary results on ground-active spiders. Journal of Arachnology 36 (2): 388–393.

[PS08] Pinzón, J., & J. Spence. 2008. Performance of two arboreal pitfall trap designs in sampling cursorial spiders from tree trunks. Journal of Arachnology 36 (2): 280–286.

[S99] Simon, E. 1899. Ergebnisse einer Reise nach dem Pacific (Schauinsland 1896–1897). Zoologische Jahrbücher, Abteilung für Systematik, Geographie un Biologie der Thiere 12 (4): 411–437.

[V09] Verdcourt, B. (ed.) 2009. Additions to the Wild Fauna and Flora of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. XXVI. Miscellaneous records. Kew Bulletin 64 (1): 183–194.

[VMP02] Vink, C. J., A. D. Mitchell & A. M. Paterson. 2002. A preliminary molecular analysis of phylogenetic relationships of Australasian wolf spider genera (Araneae, Lycosidae). Journal of Arachnology 30 (2): 227–237.

Last updated: 23 June 2017.