Pandoroidea

Lateral view of each valve of Pandora inaequivalvis, from Doğan et al. (2007).

Belongs within: Pholadomyoida.

The Pandoroidea are a group of sedentary or burrowing bivalves with a thin, inequivalve, somewhat elongate or gaping shell.

Pandoroidea [Pandoracea] GW02
    |--Laternulidae H96
    |    |--Cercomya [Cercomyidae] SB93
    |    |    `--C. (Cercomya) praecursor SB93
    |    `--Laternula KC11 [Laternulidae H96]
    |         |--L. anatina (Linnaeus 1758) XZ10
    |         |--L. boschasina (Reeve 1863) XZ10
    |         |--L. elliptica KC11
    |         |--L. limicola GW02
    |         |--L. marilina (Valenciennes in Reeve 1864) TW07
    |         |--L. subrostrata (Lamarck 1818) BD86
    |         `--L. truncata GW02
    |--Lyonsiidae GW02
    |    |--Ostomya [incl. Guianadesma Morrison 1943] G88
    |    |--Mytilimeria nuttalli JB12, C64
    |    |--Entodesma PP78
    |    |    |--E. cuneata M96
    |    |    |--E. inflata [incl. E. diaphana Cpr. 1855] C64
    |    |    |--E. (Phlycticoncha) lucasanum (Bartsch & Rehder 1939) PP78
    |    |    `--E. saxicola [=Lyonsia saxicola; incl. E. cylindracea] C64
    |    `--Lyonsia GW02
    |         |--L. arenosa N79
    |         |--L. californica [incl. L. bracteata, Osteodesma (Lyonsia) bracteatum, L. nitida, O. nitidum] C64
    |         |--L. (Pandorina) flabellata Gould 1861 C64
    |         |--L. floridana Conrad 1848 [incl. Osteodesma hyalina (preoc.)] C64
    |         |--L. fretalis Dall 1915 GO78
    |         |--L. hyalina Conrad 1848 M06
    |         |--L. inflata [incl. L. diaphana] C64
    |         |--L. navicula C64
    |         |--L. norvegica N79
    |         |--L. picta C64
    |         |--L. subplicata (d’Orbigny 1850) SB93
    |         `--L. ventricosa Gould 1861 GW02, C64
    `--Pandoridae GW02
         |--Frenamya elongatus (Carpenter 1846) TW07
         |--Kennerlia Carpenter 1864 C64
         |    |--K. bicarinata Carpenter 1864 C64
         |    `--K. filosa Carpenter 1864 C64
         |--Clidiophora Carpenter 1864 C64
         |    |--*C. claviculata [=Pandora claviculata; incl. P. cornuta] C64
         |    |--C. punctata [=Pandora punctata] C64
         |    `--C. trilineata C64
         `--Pandora GW02
              |  i. s.: P. arenosa GW02
              |         P. bilirata C64
              |         P. dilatata Deshayes 1858 SB93
              |         P. obtusa N79
              |         P. pinna PC11
              |         P. rostrata PP64
              |--P. (Pandora) PP78
              |    |--P. (P.) inaequivalvis G20, M96 [=Mya (P.) inequivalvis G20]
              |    `--P. (P.) uncifera Pilsbry & Lowe 1932 PP78
              `--P. (Pandorella) PP78
                   |--P. (P.) cornuta Adams 1852 PP78
                   `--P. (P.) granulata Dall 1915 PP78

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[BD86] Barash, A., & Z. Danin. 1986. Further additions to the knowledge of Indo-Pacific Mollusca in the Mediterranean Sea (Lessepsian migrants). Spixiana 9 (2): 117–141.

[C64] Carpenter, P. P. 1864. Supplementary report on the present state of our knowledge with regard to the Mollusca of the west coast of North America. Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science 33: 517–686.

[GO78] Gallardo S., C., & C. Osorio R. 1978. Hiatella solida (Sowerby, 1834) (Mollusca: Hiatellidae) on Concholepas concholepas (Bruguière, 1789) and other substrates. Veliger 20 (3): 274–278.

[GW02] Giribet, G., & W. Wheeler. 2002. On bivalve phylogeny: a high-level analysis of the Bivalvia (Mollusca) based on combined morphology and DNA sequence data. Invertebrate Biology 121 (4): 271–324.

[G20] Goldfuss, G. A. 1820. Handbuch der Naturgeschichte vol. 3. Handbuch der Zoologie pt 1. Johann Leonhard Schrag: Nürnberg.

[G88] Gray, J. 1988. Evolution of the freshwater ecosystem: the fossil record. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 62: 1–214.

[H96] Healy, J. M. 1996. Molluscan sperm ultrastructure: correlation with taxonomic units within the Gastropoda, Cephalopoda and Bivalvia. In: Taylor, J. D. (ed.) Origin and Evolutionary Radiation of the Mollusca pp. 99–113. Oxford University Press: Oxford.

[JB12] Johnson, M. E., & B. G. Baarli. 2012. Development of intertidal biotas through Phanerozoic time. In: Talent, J. A. (ed.) Earth and Life: Global biodiversity, extinction intervals and biogeographic perturbations through time pp. 63–128. Springer.

[KC11] Kocot, K. M., J. T. Cannon, C. Todt, M. R. Citarella, A. B. Kohn, A. Meyer, S. R. Santos, C. Schander, L. L. Moroz, B. Lieb & K. M. Halanych. 2011. Phylogenomics reveals deep molluscan relationships. Nature 477: 452–456.

[M96] Morton, B. 1996. The evolutionary history of the Bivalvia. In: Taylor, J. D. (ed.) Origin and Evolutionary Radiation of the Mollusca pp. 337–359. Oxford University Press: Oxford.

[M06] Morton, B. 2006. The functional morphology of Penicillus philippinensis (Anomalodesmata: Clavagelloidea: Penicillidae) and the evolution of an unique muscular system in the Bivalvia. Records of the Western Australian Museum 23 (2): 175–192.

[N79] Norman, A. M. 1879. The Mollusca of the fiords near Bergen, Norway. Journal of Conchology 2: 8–77.

[PP64] Peres, J. M., & J. Picard. 1964. Nouveau manuel de bionomie benthique de la mer Mediterranee. Recueil des Travaux de la Station Marine d'Endoume, Bulletin 31 (27): 5–137.

[PC11] Plazzi, F., A. Ceregato, M. Taviani & M. Passamonti. 2011. A molecular phylogeny of bivalve mollusks: ancient radiations and divergences as revealed by mitochondrial genes. PLoS One 6 (11): e27147.

[PP78] Poorman, F. L., & L. H. Poorman. 1978. Additional molluscan records from Bahía de Los Angeles, Baja California Norte. Veliger 20 (4): 369–374.

[SB93] Skelton, P. W., & M. J. Benton. 1993. Mollusca: Rostroconchia, Scaphopoda and Bivalvia. In: Benton, M. J. (ed.) The Fossil Record 2 pp. 237–263. Chapman & Hall: London.

[TW07] Taylor, J. D., S. T. Williams, E. A. Glover & P. Dyal. 2007. A molecular phylogeny of heterodont bivalves (Mollusca: Bivalvia: Heterodonta): new analyses of 18S and 28S rRNA genes. Zoologica Scripta 36 (6): 587–606.

[XZ10] Xu, F., & J. Zhang. 2010. Study on the bivalve faunal composition of the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea. In: China-Russia Bilateral Symposium: Proceedings of the China-Russia Bilateral Symposium of "Comparison on Marine Biodiversity in the Northwest Pacific Ocean", 10–11 October 2010, Qingdao (China) pp. 7–12. Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; A. V. Zhirmunsky Institute of Marine Biology, Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

Verticordiidae

Verticordia deshayesiana, from Bishogai.com.

Belongs within: Pholadomyoida.

The Verticordiidae are a cosmopolitan group of small, usually deep-water bivalves with a heart-shaped to subquate shell with strongly incurved beaks.

Verticordiidae [Verticordioidea]
    |--Policordia diomedea Dall, Bartsch & Rehder 1938 MG-H11
    |--Manihikia erecta Kauffman 1976 SB93
    |--Haliris (Setaliris Iredale 1930) P61
    |    `--H. (*S.) setosa (Hedley 1907) [=Verticordia setosa] P61
    |--Euciroa Dall 1886 [Euciroidae] P61
    |    |--*E. elegantissima [=Verticordia elegantissima] P61
    |    |--E. delectabile Dell 1956 P61
    |    `--E. millegemmata (Kuroda & Habe in Kuroda 1952) MG-H11
    `--Verticordia H09
         |--V. australiensis Smith 1885 H09
         |--V. cardiiformis C64
         |--V. deshayesiana Fischer 1862 H09
         |--V. (Verticordia) ornata (Orbigny 1846) PP78 [incl. V. novemcostata C64]
         `--V. torrida Hedley 1906 H09

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[C64] Carpenter, P. P. 1864. Supplementary report on the present state of our knowledge with regard to the Mollusca of the west coast of North America. Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science 33: 517–686.

[H09] Hedley, C. 1909. The Marine Fauna of Queensland: Address by the President of Section D. Australasian Association for the Advancement of Science: Brisbane.

[MG-H11] McEnnulty, F. R., K. L. Gowlett-Holmes, A. Williams, F. Althaus, J. Fromont, G. C. B. Poore, T. D. O’Hara, L. Marsh, P. Kott, S. Slack-Smith, P. Alderslade & M. V. Kitahara. 2011. The deepwater megabenthic invertebrates on the western continental margin of Australia (100–1100 m depths): composition, distribution and novelty. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 80: 1–191.

[PP78] Poorman, F. L., & L. H. Poorman. 1978. Additional molluscan records from Bahía de Los Angeles, Baja California Norte. Veliger 20 (4): 369–374.

[P61] Powell, A. W. B. 1961. Shells of New Zealand: An illustrated handbook 4^th ed. Whitcombe and Tombs Limited: Christchurch.

[SB93] Skelton, P. W., & M. J. Benton. 1993. Mollusca: Rostroconchia, Scaphopoda and Bivalvia. In: Benton, M. J. (ed.) The Fossil Record 2 pp. 237–263. Chapman & Hall: London.

Cuspidariidae

Cuspidaria sp., from the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History.

Belongs within: Pholadomyoida.

The Cuspidariidae are a group of carnivorous bivalves with an ovate, more or less posteriorly rostrate shell.

Cuspidariidae [Cuspidarioidea]
    |--Myonera MG-H11
    |--Pseudoneaera MG-H11
    |    |--P. trigonalis Tate 1897 MG-H11
    |    `--P. wellmani [=Cuspidaria (Pseudoneaera) wellmani] PG98
    |--Austroneaera Powell 1937 P61
    |    |--*A. brevirostris Powell 1937 P61
    |    |--A. finlayi Powell 1937 P61
    |    `--A. wellmani Fleming 1948 P61
    |--Cardiomya Adams 1864 P61
    |    |--*C. gouldiana [=Neaera gouldiana] P61
    |    |--C. bruuni Dell 1956 P61
    |    |--C. californica [=Cuspidaria (Cardiomya) californica] B56
    |    |--C. perrostrata WE63
    |    |--C. pinna (Verco 1908) MG-H11
    |    `--C. planetica Dall 1908 R78
    `--Cuspidaria Nardo 1840 P61
         |--*C. cuspidata [=Tellina cuspidata] P61
         |--C. abbreviata N00
         |--C. aupouria Dell 1950 P61
         |--C. brazieri (Smith 1885) [=Neaera brazieri] H09
         |--C. costellata N00
         |--C. fairchildi Suter 1908 P61
         |--C. fallax (Smith 1885) [=Neaera fallax] H09
         |--C. inflata (Sowerby 1827) F27 [=Nucula tenuis var. inflata U79, F27, Neaera inflata F27]
         |--‘Neaera inflata’ Jeffreys 1882 non Nucula inflata Sowerby 1827 F27
         |--C. kyushuensis Okutani 1962 MG-H11
         |--C. lamellosa F27
         |--C. latesulcata (Tenison Woods 1878) [=Neaera latesulcata] H09
         |--C. martini Finlay 1927 (see below for synonymy) F27
         |--C. morelandi Dell 1956 P61
         |--C. morioria Dell 1956 P61
         |--C. morrisae Poultiers & Bernard 1995 MG-H11
         |--C. prolatissima Poultiers 1981 MG-H11
         |--C. rostrata PC11
         |--C. trailli (Hutton 1873) P61
         |--C. triassica (Stoppani 1865) SB93
         `--C. willetti Fleming 1948 P61

Cuspidaria martini Finlay 1927 [=C. inflata Martin 1886 nec Nucula inflata Sowerby 1827 nec Neaera inflata Jeffreys 1882] F27

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[B56] Berry, S. S. 1956. Mollusca dredged by the Orca off the Santa Barbara Islands, California, in 1951. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 46 (5): 150–157.

[F27] Finlay, H. J. 1927. New specific names for austral Mollusca. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 57: 488–533.

[H09] Hedley, C. 1909. The Marine Fauna of Queensland: Address by the President of Section D. Australasian Association for the Advancement of Science: Brisbane.

[MG-H11] McEnnulty, F. R., K. L. Gowlett-Holmes, A. Williams, F. Althaus, J. Fromont, G. C. B. Poore, T. D. O’Hara, L. Marsh, P. Kott, S. Slack-Smith, P. Alderslade & M. V. Kitahara. 2011. The deepwater megabenthic invertebrates on the western continental margin of Australia (100–1100 m depths): composition, distribution and novelty. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 80: 1–191.

[N00] Norman, A. M. 1900. British Amphipoda: families Pontoporeidae to Ampeliscidae. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, series 7, 5: 326–346.

[PC11] Plazzi, F., A. Ceregato, M. Taviani & M. Passamonti. 2011. A molecular phylogeny of bivalve mollusks: ancient radiations and divergences as revealed by mitochondrial genes. PLoS One 6 (11): e27147.

[P61] Powell, A. W. B. 1961. Shells of New Zealand: An illustrated handbook 4^th ed. Whitcombe and Tombs Limited: Christchurch.

[PG98] Probert, P. K., & S. L. Grove. 1998. Macrobenthic assemblages of the continental shelf and upper slope off the west coast of South Island, New Zealand. Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand 28: 259–280.

[R78] Reid, R. G. B. 1978. The systematic, adaptive and physiological significance of proteolytic enzyme distribution in bivalves. Veliger 20 (3): 260–265.

[SB93] Skelton, P. W., & M. J. Benton. 1993. Mollusca: Rostroconchia, Scaphopoda and Bivalvia. In: Benton, M. J. (ed.) The Fossil Record 2 pp. 237–263. Chapman & Hall: London.

[U79] d'Urban, W. S. M. 1879. The Mollusca of Barents Sea, between Spitzbergen and Novaya Zemblia. Journal of Conchology 2: 88–94.

[WE63] Warmke, G. L., & D. S. Erdman. 1963. Records of marine mollusks eaten by bonefish in Puerto Rican waters. Nautilus 76 (4): 115–120.

Thraciidae

Thracia phaseolina, from here.

Belongs within: Pholadomyoida.

The Thraciidae are a group of usually deep water bivalves with a tightly closing shell found buried in mud or silt.

Thraciidae [Thracioidea] P61
    |--Parvithracia Finlay 1927 P61
    |    |--*P. suteri Finlay 1927 P61 [=Montacuta triquetra Suter 1913 non Verrill & Bush 1898 F27b, *P. triquetra P61]
    |    `--P. cuneata Powell 1937 P61
    |--Thraciopsis TW07
    |    |--T. angustata Angas 1867 TW07
    |    `--T. speciosa (Angas 1869) [=Thracia speciosa] H09
    |--Cyathodonta PP78
    |    |--C. dubiosa Dall 1915 PP78
    |    |--C. plicata [=Thracia plicata] C64
    |    |--C. semirugosa WE63
    |    `--C. undulata Conrad 1854 C64
    `--Thracia Blainville 1824 [incl. Eximiothracia Iredale 1924] P61
         |--*T. corbuloidea P61
         |--T. alciope Angas 1872 TW07
         |--T. convexa N79
         |--T. curta [incl. T. trapezoides] C64
         |--T. dissimilis G79
         |--T. distorta PC11
         |--T. haasti Woods 1917 [=Eximiothracia haasti] F27a
         |--T. mactropsis Conrad 1856 C64
         |--T. magna M. & M. 1921 [=Eximiothracia magna] F27a
         |--T. modesta Angas 1867 H09
         |--T. papyracea [=Tellina papyracea] J64
         |--T. phaseolina N79 [=Amphidesma phaseolina J64]
         |--T. pubescens BBB-S95
         |--T. septentrionalis Jeffreys 1872 [=T. truncata Mighels & Adams 1842 non Brown 1827] J49
         |--T. squamosa C64
         |--T. vegrandis M. & M. 1919 [=Eximiothracia vegrandis] F27a
         |--T. villosiuscula N79 [=Anatina villosiuscula J64, T. papyracea var. villosiuscula J64]
         `--T. vitrea (Hutton 1873) P61

Nomen nudum: Thracia obtusa Mighels 1841 J49

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[BBB-S95] Boubezari, K., G. Bitar & D. Bellan-Santini. 1995. Structure et organisation de trois moulières (Mytilus galloprovincialis et Perna perna) de la région d’Alger. Mésogée 54: 63–72.

[C64] Carpenter, P. P. 1864. Supplementary report on the present state of our knowledge with regard to the Mollusca of the west coast of North America. Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science 33: 517–686.

[F27a] Finlay, H. J. 1927a. A further commentary on New Zealand molluscan systematics. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 57: 320–485.

[F27b] Finlay, H. J. 1927b. New specific names for austral Mollusca. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 57: 488–533.

[G79] Guppy, R. J. L. 1879. First sketch of a marine invertebrate fauna of the Gulf of Paria and its neighbourhood. Part I.—Mollusca. Journal of Conchology 2: 151–172.

[H09] Hedley, C. 1909. The Marine Fauna of Queensland: Address by the President of Section D. Australasian Association for the Advancement of Science: Brisbane.

[J64] Jeffreys, J. G. 1864. The Upper Tertiary fossils at Uddevalla, in Sweden. Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science 33 (Notices and Abstracts): 73–79.

[J49] Johnson, R. I. 1949. Jesse Wedgwood Mighels with a bibliography and a catalogue of his species. Occasional Papers on Mollusks 1 (14): 213–231.

[N79] Norman, A. M. 1879. The Mollusca of the fiords near Bergen, Norway. Journal of Conchology 2: 8–77.

[PC11] Plazzi, F., A. Ceregato, M. Taviani & M. Passamonti. 2011. A molecular phylogeny of bivalve mollusks: ancient radiations and divergences as revealed by mitochondrial genes. PLoS One 6 (11): e27147.

[PP78] Poorman, F. L., & L. H. Poorman. 1978. Additional molluscan records from Bahía de Los Angeles, Baja California Norte. Veliger 20 (4): 369–374.

[P61] Powell, A. W. B. 1961. Shells of New Zealand: An illustrated handbook 4^th ed. Whitcombe and Tombs Limited: Christchurch.

[TW07] Taylor, J. D., S. T. Williams, E. A. Glover & P. Dyal. 2007. A molecular phylogeny of heterodont bivalves (Mollusca: Bivalvia: Heterodonta): new analyses of 18S and 28S rRNA genes. Zoologica Scripta 36 (6): 587–606.

[WE63] Warmke, G. L., & D. S. Erdman. 1963. Records of marine mollusks eaten by bonefish in Puerto Rican waters. Nautilus 76 (4): 115–120.

Myadora

Myadora striata, from here.

Belongs within: Pholadomyoida.

Myadora is a genus of free-living bivalves with unequal valves, one flattened and one convex, found from the Miocene to the present day of Australasia and the west Pacific. The valves have a flattened cardinal area on either side of the beaks. Members of the genus live buried in sand with the more inflated valve downwards.

Myadora Gray 1840 P61 [=Myodora F27]
    |--*M. brevis (Sowerby 1829) P61, TW07 [=Pandora brevis P61, Myodora brevis H09]
    |--M. antipoda Smith 1880 P61
    |--M. australica (Reeve 1859) [=Thracia australica, Myodora australica] H09
    |--M. biconvexa Powell 1927 P61
    |--M. boltoni Smith 1880 P61
    |--M. crassa F27
    |--M. lamellata SB93
    |--M. novaezelandiae Smith 1880 P61
    |--M. pandoriformis (Stutchbury 1830) TW07
    |--M. pulleinei Hedley 1906 [=Myodora pulleinei] H09
    |--M. striata (Quoy & Gaimard 1835) P61 [=Myodora striata W27]
    |--M. subrostrata Smith 1880 P61
    |--M. tasmanica [incl. M. rotundata Sowerby 1875] F27
    |--M. tenuilirata Q72
    `--M. trigona [=Myodora trigona] H09

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[F27] Finlay, H. J. 1927. A further commentary on New Zealand molluscan systematics. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 57: 320–485.

[H09] Hedley, C. 1909. The Marine Fauna of Queensland: Address by the President of Section D. Australasian Association for the Advancement of Science: Brisbane.

[P61] Powell, A. W. B. 1961. Shells of New Zealand: An illustrated handbook 4^th ed. Whitcombe and Tombs Limited: Christchurch.

[Q72] Quilty, P. G. 1972. The biostratigraphy of the Tasmanian marine Tertiary. Papers and Proceedings of the Royal Society of Tasmania 106: 25–44.

[SB93] Skelton, P. W., & M. J. Benton. 1993. Mollusca: Rostroconchia, Scaphopoda and Bivalvia. In: Benton, M. J. (ed.) The Fossil Record 2 pp. 237–263. Chapman & Hall: London.

[TW07] Taylor, J. D., S. T. Williams, E. A. Glover & P. Dyal. 2007. A molecular phylogeny of heterodont bivalves (Mollusca: Bivalvia: Heterodonta): new analyses of 18S and 28S rRNA genes. Zoologica Scripta 36 (6): 587–606.

[W27] Waghorn, R. J. 1927. The geology of the Ruakokopatuna Valley, southern Wairarapa. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 57: 226–234.

Last updated: 31 October 2021.

Anomalodesmata

Myoconcha crassa, from Bajocien 14.

Belongs within: Bivalvia.
Contains: Pholadomyoida.

The Anomalodesmata are a clade of bivalves characterised by a reduced hinge dentition. Despite not being among the most speciose groups of bivalves, anomalodesmatans encompass a surprising amount of ecological and morphological diversity, including (among others) endolithic rock-borers, some of which form rather un-bivalve-like tubes, and active predators. Stem representatives of the Anomalodesmata may be found among the Palaeozoic order Modiomorphoida, characterised by an actinodont hinge with radial, poorly differentiated teeth. Modiomorphoids are somewhat similar in appearance to modern mussels to which they have alternatively been suggested to be related. However, unlike mussels, they probably lacked an attaching byssus. The Carboniferous to Cretaceous Kalenteroidea possessed trapezoidal to modioliform shells with the anterior and pedal muscle scars on thickened buttresses. The Ordovician to Silurian Lipanellidae have a shell with predominantly radial ornamentation, an edentulous hinge and no byssal sinus (Sánchez 2006). An edentulous hinge is also characteristic of the Archanodontidae, large freshwater bivalves known from the Upper Devonian to the Permian.

<==Anomalodesmata [Conocardiiformii]
    |--Lipanella [Lipanellidae] S06
    |    `--L. purmamarcensis S06
    `--+--Pholadomyoida SV03
       `--+--Archanodontidae [Archanodontoidea] M96
          |    |--Archanodon jukesi (Forbes 1853) SB93
          |    `--Neamnigenia SB93
          |         |--N. beljanini Khalfin 1950 SB93
          |         `--N. longa Betekhtina 1966 SB93
          `--Modiomorphoida SV03
               |  i. s.: Lyromytilus attenuatus JB12
               |         Allodesmatidae JB12
               |           |--Ischyrodonta JB12
               |           `--Allodesma Ulrich 1894 C04
               |         Mecynodontidae S06
               |           |--Mecynodon SB93
               |           |    |--M. carinatus (Goldfuss 1837) SB93
               |           |    `--M. oblongus (Goldfuss 1837) SB93
               |           `--Goniophora Phillips 1848 S06
               |                |--G. chemungensis S06
               |                |--G. (Cosmogoniophora) extensa Cope 1996 S06
               |                `--G. pravinasuta Johnston 1993 S06
               |         Goniophorinidae S06
               |           |--Lossella Sánchez 2006 S06
               |           |    `--*L. juancruzi Sánchez 2006 S06
               |           `--Goniophorina Isberg 1934 SV03 [incl. Cosmogoniophorina Isberg 1934 S06, SV03]
               |                |--*G. volvens Isberg 1934 S06
               |                |--G. carinata (Isberg 1934) [=*Cosmogoniophorina carinata] SV03
               |                `--G. tenuicostata Harrington 1938 [=G. (Cosmogoniophorina) tenuicostata] SV03
               |         Colpomyidae SB93
               |           |--Colpantyx woolleyi Pojeta & Gilbert-Tomlinson 1977 SB93
               |           `--Xestoconcha kraciukae Pojeta & Gilbert-Tomlinson 1977 SB93
               |         Orthonotidae SB93
               |           |--Orthonote Conrad 1841 M65
               |           `--Palaeosolen TW07
               |--Modiomorphidae [Modiomorphoidea] S06
               |    |--Modiomorpha Hall 1869 S06
               |    `--Megalomoidea canadensis (Hall 1852) SB93
               `--Kalenteroidea H00
                    |--Kalenteridae SB93
                    |    |--Rimmyjimima arcula Chronic 1952 SB93
                    |    `--Kalentera flemingi Marwick 1953 SB93
                    `--Permophoridae H00
                         |--Permophorus JB12
                         |--Pleurodapis multicincta Clarke 1913 SB93
                         |--Neocypricardinia Liu 1976 ZP86
                         |    |--N. simplex Zhang & Pojeta 1986 ZP86
                         |    |--N. sinensis ZP86
                         |    `--N. subelegans ZP86
                         `--Myoconcha Sowerby 1824 [Myoconchinae] H00
                              |--M. (Myoconcha) [incl. Labayophorus Likharev 1939] H00
                              |    |--*M. (M.) crassa Sowerby 1824 H00
                              |    |--‘*Labayophorus’ magnus Likharev 1939 H00
                              |    `--M. (M.) psilonoti Quenstedt 1856 (see below for synonymy) H00
                              `--M. (Modiolina Müller 1851) H00
                                   |--‘Lithodomus’ discrepans Müller 1847 [incl. *Modiolina bosqueti Müller 1851] H00
                                   `--M. (M.) decorata (Münster in Goldfuss 1837) (see below for synonymy) H00

Myoconcha (Modiolina) decorata (Münster in Goldfuss 1837) [=Mytilus decoratus; incl. Modiola lithodomus Koch & Dunker 1837, Myoconcha oxynoti Quenstedt 1856] H00

Myoconcha (Myoconcha) psilonoti Quenstedt 1856 [incl. M. scabra Terquem & Piette 1865, M. scalprum d’Orbigny 1849 (n. d.)] H00

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[C04] Cope, J. C. W. 2004. Bivalve and rostroconch mollusks. In: Webby, B. D., F. Paris, M. L. Droser & I. G. Percival (eds) The Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event pp. 196–208. Columbia University Press.

[H00] Hodges, P. 2000. The Early Jurassic Bivalvia from the Hettangian and Lower Sinemurian of south-west Britain. Part. 1. Monograph of the Paleontographical Society 614: 1–64.

[JB12] Johnson, M. E., & B. G. Baarli. 2012. Development of intertidal biotas through Phanerozoic time. In: Talent, J. A. (ed.) Earth and Life: Global biodiversity, extinction intervals and biogeographic perturbations through time pp. 63–128. Springer.

[M65] Moore, R. C. (ed.) 1965. Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt H. Brachiopoda vol. 2. The Geological Society of America, Inc.: Boulder (Colorado), and The University of Kansas Press: Lawrence (Kansas).

[M96] Morton, B. 1996. The evolutionary history of the Bivalvia. In: Taylor, J. D. (ed.) Origin and Evolutionary Radiation of the Mollusca pp. 337–359. Oxford University Press: Oxford.

[S06] Sánchez, T. M. 2006. Taxonomic position and phylogenetic relationships of the bivalve Goniophorina Isberg, 1934, and related genera from the early Ordovician of northwestern Argentina. Ameghiniana 43 (1): 113–122.

[SV03] Sánchez, T. M., & N. E. Vaccari. 2003. Ucumariidae new family (Bivalvia, Anomalodesmata) and other bivalves from the Early Ordovician (Tremadocian) of northwestern Argentina. Ameghiniana 40 (3): 415–424.

[SB93] Skelton, P. W., & M. J. Benton. 1993. Mollusca: Rostroconchia, Scaphopoda and Bivalvia. In: Benton, M. J. (ed.) The Fossil Record 2 pp. 237–263. Chapman & Hall: London.

[TW07] Taylor, J. D., S. T. Williams, E. A. Glover & P. Dyal. 2007. A molecular phylogeny of heterodont bivalves (Mollusca: Bivalvia: Heterodonta): new analyses of 18S and 28S rRNA genes. Zoologica Scripta 36 (6): 587–606.

[ZP86] Zhang, R., & J. Pojeta Jr. 1986. New bivalves from the Datang Stage, Lower Carboniferous, Guangdong Province, China. Journal of Paleontology 60 (3): 669–679.

Last updated: 5 March 2022.