Brassicales

Wild mignonette Reseda lutea, copyright Udo Schmidt.

Belongs within: Malvidae.
Contains: Limnanthaceae, Capparaceae, Brassicaceae.

The Brassicales are a clade of flowering plants characterised by the presence of glucosinolates, defensive compounds with a pungent shell and sharp taste.

<==Brassicales [Capparales, Resedales, Rhoeadales]
    |  i. s.: Dressiantha T00
    |         Emblingia T00 [Emblingiaceae APG16, Emblingioideae]
    |         Rhoeo discolor D51
    |--+--+--Bretschneidera [Bretschneideraceae] PT01
    |  |  `--Akania [Akaniaceae, Akaniales] PT01
    |  |       `--A. americana Romero & Hickey 1976 CBH93
    |  `--Tropaeolaceae [Tropaeolales] WM09
    |       |--Magallana T00
    |       |--Trophaeastrum T00
    |       `--Tropaeolum WM09 [incl. Cardamindum D01]
    |            |--T. majus WM09
    |            |--T. peregrinum PT01
    |            |--T. speciosum H59
    |            |--T. tricolor NDA05
    |            `--T. tuberosum H93
    `--+--+--Caricaceae WM09
       |  |    |--Carica papaya WM09 [=Papaya vulgaris C55]
       |  |    |--Cylicomorpha YY22
       |  |    `--Jacartia YY22
       |  `--Moringa [Moringaceae] PT01
       |       |--M. concanensis SDK05
       |       |--M. oleifera LK14
       |       |--M. ovalifolia CV06
       |       `--M. pterygosperma C55
       `--+--Limnanthaceae WM09
          `--+--Setchellanthus [Setchellanthaceae] PT01
             `--+--+--Koeberlinia [Koeberliniaceae, Koeberlinioideae] PT01
                |  |    `--K. spinosa RJ11
                |  |         |--K. s. ssp. spinosa H93
                |  |         `--K. s. ssp. tenuispina H93
                |  `--+--Batis [Bataceae] WM09
                |     |    |--B. argillicola LK14
                |     |    `--B. maritima WM09
                |     `--Salvadoraceae PT01
                |          |--Azima tetracantha T00, M72
                |          |--Dobera T00
                |          `--Salvadora persica T00, PDR05
                |               |--S. p. var. persica PDR05
                |               `--S. p. var. wightiana PDR05
                `--+--+--Tovariaceae [Tovarioideae] PT01
                   |  `--Pentadiplandra [Pentadiplandraceae, Pentadiplandroideae] PT01
                   `--+--+--Capparaceae WM09
                      |  `--Brassicaceae WM09
                      `--+--Gyrostemonaceae PT01
                         |    |--Gyrostemon PT01
                         |    |    |--G. australasicus H90
                         |    |    |--G. ramulosus KM08
                         |    |    |--G. subnudus RL05
                         |    |    `--G. thesioides [=Didymotheca thesioides] H90
                         |    `--Codonocarpus H90
                         |         |--C. attenuatus H90
                         |         |--C. australis C16
                         |         |--C. cotinifolius H90
                         |         `--C. pyramidalis H90
                         `--Resedaceae [Borthwickiaceae, Stixaceae, Stixidaceae] WM09
                              |--Ochradenus baccatus AGF98
                              |--Oligomeris linifolia H93
                              |--Caylusea hexagyna AGF98
                              |--Borthwickia APG16
                              |--Forchhammeria APG16
                              |--Stixis APG16
                              |--Tirania APG16
                              `--Reseda WM09 [incl. Sesamoides D01]
                                   |--R. alba WM09
                                   |--R. complicata F55
                                   |--R. lutea WM09
                                   |--R. luteola C55
                                   `--R. odorata PT01

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[AGF98] Abd El-Ghani, M. M., & A. G. Fahmy. 1998. Composition of and changes in the spontaneous flora of Feiran Oasis, S Sinai, Egypt, in the last 60 years. Willdenowia 28: 123–134.

[APG16] Angiosperm Phylogeny Group. 2016. An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG IV. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 181: 1–20.

[C16] Cambage, R. H. 1916. Notes on the native flora of tropical Queensland. Journal and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New South Wales 49 (3): 389–447, pls 57–61.

[C55] Candolle, A. de. 1855. Géographie Botanique Raisonée: Ou exposition des faits principaux et des lois concernant la distribution géographique des plantes de l’époque actuelle vol. 2. Librairie de Victor Masson: Paris.

[CBH93] Collinson, M. E., M. C. Boulter & P. L. Holmes. 1993. Magnoliophyta (‘Angiospermae’). In: Benton, M. J. (ed.) The Fossil Record 2 pp. 809–841. Chapman & Hall: London.

[CV06] Craven, P., & P. Vorster. 2006. Patterns of plant diversity and endemism in Namibia. Bothalia 36 (2): 175–189.

[D51] Dobzhansky, T. 1951. Genetics and the Origin of Species 3^rd ed. Columbia University Press: New York.

[D01] Doweld, A. B. 2001. The systematic relevance of fruit and seed structure in Bersama and Melianthus (Melianthaceae). Plant Systematics and Evolution 227: 75–103.

[F55] Franz, H. 1955. Dritter Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Caeculidae (Acari). Verhandlungen der Zoologisch-Botanischen Gessellschaft in Wien 95: 9–18.

[H90] Harden, G. J. (ed.) 1990. Flora of New South Wales vol. 1. New South Wales University Press.

[H59] Healy, A. J. 1959. Contributions to a knowledge of the adventive flora of New Zealand, no. 7. Transactions of the Royal Society of New Zealand 86 (1): 113–118.

[H93] Hickman, J. C. (ed.) 1993. The Jepson Manual: Higher Plants of California. University of California Press: Berkeley (California).

[KM08] Keighery, G. J., & W. Muir. 2008. Vegetation and vascular flora of Faure Island, Shark Bay, Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 75: 11–19.

[LK14] Lyons, M. N., G. J. Keighery, L. A. Gibson & T. Handasyde. 2014. Flora and vegetation communities of selected islands off the Kimberley coast of Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 81: 205–244.

[M72] Mathew, D. N. 1972. The ecology of the baya in Rajampet, Cuddapah Dt., A.P. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 69 (1): 188–191.

[NDA05] Nickrent, D. L., J. P. Der & F. E. Anderson. 2005. Discovery of the photosynthetic relatives of the "Maltese mushroom" Cynomorium. BMC Evolutionary Biology 5: 38.

[PT01] Pemberton, L. M. S., S.-L. Tsai, P. H. Lovell & P. J. Harris. 2001. Epidermal patterning in seedling roots of eudicotyledons. Annals of Botany 87: 649–654.

[PDR05] Pradhan, S. G., P. G. Diwakar & K. M. Rao. 2005. Recollection of Cistachne tubulosa (Schrenk) Wight (Orobanchaceae) from Maharashtra after about a century. Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India 47: 151–152.

[RL05] Rafferty, C., & B. B. Lamont. 2005. Selective feeding by macropods on vegetation regenerating following fire. Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia 88 (4): 155–165.

[RJ11] Rising, J. D., A. Jaramillo, J. L. Copete, P. G. Ryan & S. C. Madge. 2011. Family Emberizidae (buntings and New World sparrows). In: Hoyo, J. del, A. Elliott & D. A. Christie (eds) Handbook of the Birds of the World vol. 16. Tanagers to New World Blackbirds pp. 428–683. Lynx Edicions: Barcelona.

[SDK05] Sharma, L. K., N. K. Dadhich & A. Kumar. 2005. Plant based veterinary medicine from traditional knowledge of India. Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India 47: 43–52.

[T00] Thorne, R. F. 2000. The classification and geography of the flowering plants: dicotyledons of the class Angiospermae (subclasses Magnoliidae, Ranunculidae, Caryophyllidae, Dilleniidae, Rosidae, Asteridae, and Lamiidae). The Botanical Review 66: 441–647.

[WM09] Wang, H., M. J. Moore, P. S. Soltis, C. D. Bell, S. F. Brockington, R. Alexandre, C. C. Davis, M. Latvis, S. R. Manchester & D. E. Soltis. 2009. Rosid radiation and the rapid rise of angiosperm-dominated forests. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 106 (10): 3853–3858.

[YY22] Yampolsky, C., & H. Yampolsky. 1922. Distribution of sex forms in the phanerogamic flora. Bibliotheca Genetica 3: 1–62.

Draba

Mt Lassen draba Draba aureola, copyright John Game.

Belongs within: Brassicaceae.

Draba is a genus of often cushion- or mat-forming herbs found in the Northern Hemisphere and mountains of South America (Hickman 1993).

Characters (from Hickman 1993): Annual to perennia, often cushion- or mat-forming; hairs often branched. Leaves basal and sometimes cauline, entire or shallowly toothed. Flowers with sepal bases equal; petals <10 mm, yellow or white, claw and limb generally distinct. Fruit <30 mm, generally lanceolate to ovate, generally flat parallel to septum, less often partially inflated, sometimes twisted or wavy. Seeds in two rows per chamber; wing generally absent.

<==Draba
    |--D. affghanica O88
    |--D. albertina [incl. D. stenoloba var. nana, D. stenoloba var. ramosa] H93
    |--D. altaica O88
    |--D. amoena O88
    |--D. asterophora H93
    |    |--D. a. var. asterophora H93
    |    `--D. a. var. macrocarpa H93
    |--D. aureola H93
    |--D. breweri H93
    |--D. californica [=D. cuneifolia var. californica] H93
    |--D. cana H93
    |--D. carnosula [=D. howellii var. carnosula] H93
    |--D. cholaensis O88
    |    |--D. c. var. cholaensis O88
    |    `--D. c. var. leiocarpa O88
    |--D. corrugata H93
    |    |--D. c. var. corrugata H93
    |    `--D. c. var. saxosa H93
    |--D. crassifolia H93
    |    |--D. c. var. crassifolia H93
    |    `--D. c. var. nevadensis H93
    |--D. cruciata H93
    |--D. cuneifolia (see below for synonymy) H93
    |--D. densifolia H93
    |--D. elata O88
    |--D. ellipsoidea O88
    |--D. glomerata O88
    |--D. gracillima O88
    |--D. haynaldii H09
    |--D. howellii H93
    |--D. incrassata [=D. lemmonii var. incrassata] H93
    |--D. lasiophylla O88
    |    |--D. l. var. lasiophylla O88
    |    `--D. l. var. leiocarpa O88
    |--D. lemmonii H93
    |--D. lonchocarpa [incl. D. nivalis var. elongata] H93
    |--D. magellanica D03
    |--D. monoensis H93
    |--D. nemorosa H93
    |--D. oligosperma [incl. D. oligosperma var. subsessilis] H93
    |--D. oreades O88
    |--D. paysonii H93
    |    |--D. p. var. paysonii H93
    |    `--D. p. var. treleasei H93
    |--D. praealta H93
    |--D. pterosperma H93
    |--D. reptans [incl. D. micrantha] H93
    |--D. sharsmithii [incl. D. cruciata var. integrifolia] H93
    |--D. sierrae H93
    |--D. staintonii O88
    |--D. subumbellata H93
    |--D. verna [incl. D. verna var. aestivalis] H93
    `--D. williamsii O88

Draba cuneifolia [incl. D. cuneifolia var. integrifolia non D. cruciata var. integrifolia, D. cuneifolia var. sonorae] H93

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[D03] Dusén, P. 1903. The vegetation of western Patagonia. In: Scott, W. B. (ed.) Reports of the Princeton University Expeditions to Patagonia, 1896–1899 vol. 8. Botany pp. 1–34. The University: Princeton (New Jersey).

[H09] Heltmann, H. 2009. Der Königstein (Piatra Craiului), die Perle der Burzenländer Gebirge. Mauritiana 20 (3): 515–527.

[H93] Hickman, J. C. (ed.) 1993. The Jepson Manual: Higher Plants of California. University of California Press: Berkeley (California).

[O88] Ohba, H. 1988. The alpine flora of the Nepal Himalayas: an introductory note. In: Ohba, H., & S. B. Malla (eds) The Himalayan Plants vol. 1. The University Museum, University of Tokyo, Bulletin 31: 19–46.

Capparaceae

Caperbush Capparis spinosa, copyright Joan Simon.

Belongs within: Brassicales.

The Capparaceae are a group of trees, shrubs and herbs, often with spiny stipules on the leaves, found in tropical and subtropical regions of the world (Harden 1990).

Characters (from Harden 1990): Herbs, climbers, shrubs or trees, glabrous or hairy. Leaves alternate, compound or simple and entire to deeply dissected; juvenile leaves often different from the adult foliage; mostly petiolate; stipules usually spiny, sometimes minute or absent. Inflorescence terminal or lateral, racemose or flowers solitary. Flowers usually actinomorphic, bisexual. Sepals mostly 4 in two whorls, the outer 2 free or fused, the inner 2 free. Petals usually 4, equal, free. Stamens 1-many, free or sometimes fused to the gynophore; anthers 2-locular, dehiscing by longitudinal slits. Disc sometimes present between stamens and ovary. Ovary superior, 2-6-carpellate, 1-3-locular, usually on a gynophore, sometimes sessile; ovules 1-many; stigma more or less sessile. Fruit usually a stalked capsule or berry; 1-many-seeded.

<==Capparaceae [Capparidaceae, Capparoideae]
    |--Haptocarpum YY22
    |--Apophyllum anomalum B00
    |--Cercopetalum YY22
    |--Maerua oblongifolia PP07
    |--Poilanedora APG16
    |--Dipterygium T00
    |--Capparites cynphylloides CBH93
    |--Bachmannia Pax 1897 KC01
    |--Keithia Spreng. 1822 KC01
    |--Cadaba LK14
    |    |--C. capparoides LK14
    |    `--C. fruticosa PP07
    |--Crataeva K06
    |    |--C. magna BB07
    |    |--C. religiosa B00
    |    `--C. tapia K06
    `--Capparis RF03
         |--C. aegyptia de Lamarck 1785 [incl. C. spinosa var. aravensis, C. sinaica Veillard in Duhamel 1801] RF03
         |--C. arborea B00
         |--C. atamisquea RJ11
         |--C. canescens B00
         |--C. cartilaginea Decaisne 1835 (nom. cons.) [incl. C. galeata Fresenius 1837, C. inermis Forsskål 1775] RF03
         |--C. dahi Forsskål 1775 RF03
         |--C. decidua PP07
         |--C. flexuosa WM09
         |--C. jacobsii B12
         |--C. lasiantha LK14
         |--C. loranthifolia H90
         |--C. lucida LK14
         |--C. mitchellii LK14
         |--C. nobilis B00
         |--C. pittieiri OV97
         |--C. quiniflora LK14
         |--C. sarmentosa H90
         |--C. sepiaria LK14
         |--C. spinosa RF03
         |    |--C. s. var. spinosa LK14
         |    `--C. s. var. nummularia LK14
         |--C. umbonata B12
         |--C. verrucosa BTA75
         `--C. zeylanica P03

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[APG16] Angiosperm Phylogeny Group. 2016. An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG IV. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 181: 1–20.

[BB07] Baishya, A. K., & P. J. Bora. 2007. Cross community ethno-medico botany of Dibru-Saikhowa Biosphere Reserve, Assam. Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India 49: 121–154.

[BTA75] Baker, E. W., D. M. Tuttle & M. J. Abbatiello. 1975. The false spider mites of northwestern and north central Mexico (Acarina: Tenuipalpidae). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 194: 1–23.

[B00] Braby, M. F. 2000. Butterflies of Australia: their identification, biology and distribution vol. 1. CSIRO Publishing: Collingwood (Victoria).

[B12] Braby, M. F. 2012. The butterflies of El Questro Wilderness Park, with remarks on the taxonomy of the Kimberley fauna, Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum 27 (2): 161–175.

[CBH93] Collinson, M. E., M. C. Boulter & P. L. Holmes. 1993. Magnoliophyta (‘Angiospermae’). In: Benton, M. J. (ed.) The Fossil Record 2 pp. 809–841. Chapman & Hall: London.

[H90] Harden, G. J. (ed.) 1990. Flora of New South Wales vol. 1. New South Wales University Press.

[KC01] Kirk, P. M., P. F. Cannon, J. C. David & J. A. Stalpers. 2001. Ainsworth & Bisby's Dictionary of the Fungi 9^th ed. CAB International: Wallingford (UK).

[K06] Kwiecinski, G. G. 2006. Phyllostomus discolor. Mammalian Species 801: 1–11.

[LK14] Lyons, M. N., G. J. Keighery, L. A. Gibson & T. Handasyde. 2014. Flora and vegetation communities of selected islands off the Kimberley coast of Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 81: 205–244.

[OV97] Ochoa, R., C. Vargas, D. E. Walter & B. M. OConnor. 1997. Two new species of the genus Ceratotarsonemus (Acari: Tarsonemidae). International Journal of Acarology 23 (3): 177–183.

[PP07] Pandey, R. P., & P. M. Padhye. 2007. Studies on phytodiversity of Arid Machia Safari Park-Kailana in Jodhpur (Rajasthan). Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India 49: 15–78.

[P03] Paul, T. K. 2003. Botanical observations on the Purulia pumped storage hydropower project area, Bagmundi Hills, Purulia district, West Bengal. Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India 45: 121–142.

[RJ11] Rising, J. D., A. Jaramillo, J. L. Copete, P. G. Ryan & S. C. Madge. 2011. Family Emberizidae (buntings and New World sparrows). In: Hoyo, J. del, A. Elliott & D. A. Christie (eds) Handbook of the Birds of the World vol. 16. Tanagers to New World Blackbirds pp. 428–683. Lynx Edicions: Barcelona.

[RF03] Rivera, D., I. Friis, C. Inocencio, C. Obón, F. Alcaraz & A. Reales. 2003. The typification of Capparis inermis Forssk., C. sinaica Veill. and C. cartilaginea Decne. (Capparaceae). Taxon 52: 307–311.

[T00] Thorne, R. F. 2000. The classification and geography of the flowering plants: dicotyledons of the class Angiospermae (subclasses Magnoliidae, Ranunculidae, Caryophyllidae, Dilleniidae, Rosidae, Asteridae, and Lamiidae). The Botanical Review 66: 441–647.

[WM09] Wang, H., M. J. Moore, P. S. Soltis, C. D. Bell, S. F. Brockington, R. Alexandre, C. C. Davis, M. Latvis, S. R. Manchester & D. E. Soltis. 2009. Rosid radiation and the rapid rise of angiosperm-dominated forests. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 106 (10): 3853–3858.

[YY22] Yampolsky, C., & H. Yampolsky. 1922. Distribution of sex forms in the phanerogamic flora. Bibliotheca Genetica 3: 1–62.

Cardamine

Alpine bitter-cress Cardamine oligosperma, copyright Walter Siegmund.

Belongs within: Brassicaceae.

Cardamine, bitter-cress, is a genus of herbaceous plants found in most regions of the world (Hickman 1993).

Characters (from Hickman 1993): Annual, biennial or perennial, from taproots, fibrous roots, or tuber-like rhizomes; hairs absent or simple. Leaves entire or palmately or pinnately lobed to compound; rhizome leaves often present, separate from others. Inflorescence bracted or not. Flower with sepals equal at base; petals white to pink or rose. Fruit linear, generally flat; valves generally opening elastically, sometimes by coiling from base; septum margins intruding on valves. SEEDS many, one row per chamber, wingless (rarely more or less margined); embryonic root at edges of both cotyledons.

<==Cardamine Linnaeus 1753 A61
    |--C. amara H64
    |--C. angulata H93
    |--C. bellidifolia H93
    |    |--C. b. var. bellidifolia H93
    |    `--C. b. var. pachypylla H93
    |--C. bilobata Kirk 1899 A61
    |--C. breweri H93
    |    |--C. b. var. breweri H93
    |    `--C. b. var. orbicularis H93
    |--C. bulbosa S72
    |--C. californica [=Dentaria californica] H93
    |    |--C. c. var. californica H93
    |    |--C. c. var. cardiophylla [=Dentaria californica var. cardiophylla] H93
    |    |--C. c. var. cuneata [=Dentaria californica var. cuneata] H93
    |    |--C. c. var. integrifolia [=Dentaria californica var. integrifolia] H93
    |    `--C. c. var. sinuata [=Dentaria californica var. sinuata] H93
    |--C. circaeoides D07
    |--C. cordifolia H93
    |    |--C. c. var. cordifolia H93
    |    `--C. c. var. lyallii H93
    |--C. corymbosa Hook. f. 1844 [=C. hirsuta var. corymbosa Hook. f. 1864] A61
    |--C. debilis Banks ex DC. 1821 (see below for synonymy) A61
    |--C. depressa Hooker 1844 [incl. C. depressa var. acaulis Hoker 1844] A61
    |    |--C. d. var. depressa A61
    |    `--C. d. var. stellata Hooker 1864 [=C. stellata Hooker 1844] A61
    |--C. flexuosa H90 [=C. scutata ssp. flexuosa O88]
    |--C. griffithii O88
    |--C. gunnii H90
    |--C. hirsuta PT01
    |--C. impatiens O88
    |--C. intermedia H90
    |--C. lilacina H90
    |--C. loxostemonoides O88
    |--C. macrophylla O88
    |    |--C. m. ssp. macrophylla O88
    |    `--C. m. ssp. polyphylla O88
    |--C. nuttallii H93
    |    |--C. n. var. nuttallii [incl. C. pulcherrima var. tenella] H93
    |    |--C. n. var. covilleana [incl. Dentaria tenella var. palmata] H93
    |    |--C. n. var. dissecta [=C. tenella var. dissecta] H93
    |    `--C. n. var. gemmata [=Dentaria gemmata] H93
    |--C. occidntalis H93
    |--C. oligosperma H93
    |--C. ovata D03
    |--C. pachystigma [=Dentaria pachystigma] H93
    |    |--C. p. var. pachystigma H93
    |    `--C. p. var. dissectifolia [=Dentaria pachystigma var. dissectifolia] H93
    |--C. paucijuga GK00
    |--C. pensylvanica H93
    |--C. pratensis SBM11
    |--C. scutata O88
    |--C. subcarnosa (Hook. f.) Allan 1961 (see below for synonymy) A61
    |--C. tenuifolia H90
    |--C. trifoliolata O88
    |--C. uniflora (Hook. f.) Allan 1961 (see below for synonymy) A61
    `--C. xanthina Colenso 1899 A61

Cardamine debilis Banks ex DC. 1821 [=C. hirsuta var. debilis Banks ex Hook. f. 1864; incl. Sisymbrium heterophyllum Forst. f. 1786, C. heterophylla (Forst. f.) Schulz 1903 non Wood 1870, C. debilis var. hirtella Schulz 1903, C. debilis var. leiocarpa Schulz 1903, C. debilis proles macrantha Schulz 1903, C. debilis var. macrostylis Schulz 1903] A61

Cardamine subcarnosa (Hook. f.) Allan 1961 [=C. hirsuta var. subcarnosa Hook. f. 1844, C. glacialis var. subcarnosa (Hook. f.) Schulz 1903] A61

Cardamine uniflora (Hook. f.) Allan 1961 [=C. hirsuta var. uniflora Hook. f. 1864, C. heterophylla var. uniflora (Hook. f.) Ckn. 1909] A61

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[A61] Allan, H. H. 1961. Flora of New Zealand vol. 1. Indigenous Tracheophyta: Psilopsida, Lycopsida, Filicopsida, Gymnospermae, Dicotyledones. R. E. Owen, Government Printer: Wellington (New Zealand).

[D07] Dash, S. S. 2007. Useful plants of Kabi Sacred Grove, Sikkim. Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India 49: 79–88.

[D03] Dusén, P. 1903. The vegetation of western Patagonia. In: Scott, W. B. (ed.) Reports of the Princeton University Expeditions to Patagonia, 1896–1899 vol. 8. Botany pp. 1–34. The University: Princeton (New Jersey).

[GK00] Gibson, N., & G. J. Keighery. 2000. Flora and vegetation of the Byenup-Muir reserve system, south-west Western Australia. CALMScience 3 (3): 323–402.

[H90] Harden, G. J. (ed.) 1990. Flora of New South Wales vol. 1. New South Wales University Press.

[H93] Hickman, J. C. (ed.) 1993. The Jepson Manual: Higher Plants of California. University of California Press: Berkeley (California).

[H64] Hogg, J. 1864. List of rarer phanerogamous plants discovered in the south-east of Durham since 1829. Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science 33 (Notices and Abstracts): 96.

[O88] Ohba, H. 1988. The alpine flora of the Nepal Himalayas: an introductory note. In: Ohba, H., & S. B. Malla (eds) The Himalayan Plants vol. 1. The University Museum, University of Tokyo, Bulletin 31: 19–46.

[PT01] Pemberton, L. M. S., S.-L. Tsai, P. H. Lovell & P. J. Harris. 2001. Epidermal patterning in seedling roots of eudicotyledons. Annals of Botany 87: 649–654.

[S72] Shields, O. 1972. Flower visitation records for butterflies (Lepidoptera). Pan-Pacific Entomologist 48 (3): 189–203.

[SBM11] Solomon, E. P., L. R. Berg & D. W. Martin (eds) 2011. Biology 9^th ed. Brooks/Cole Cengage Learning.

Lepidium

Yellow peppercress Lepidium flavum, copyright Jim Morefield.

Belongs within: Brassicaceae.

Lepidium, pepperworts, is a cosmopolitan genus of herbs and shrubs bearing fruits as flattened capsules containing a single seed per chamber (Hickman 1993).

Characters (from Hickman 1993): Annual to shrub; hairs absent or simple. Basal leaves not rosetted, generally petioled, entire to pinnately lobed; cauline leaves short-petioled to sessile, sometimes clasping or surrounding stem. Flowers small; sepals erect or spreading, oblong to ovate, shed early or persistent; petals linear to obovate, generally white, rarely yellowish, sometimes bristle-like or absent; stamens 6, 4, or 2. Fruit dehiscent, oblong to elliptic or obcordate, flat perpendicular to septum; pedicel cylindric or flat, winged or not. Seeds 1 per chamber, gelatinous when wetted; wing narrow or absent; embryonic root at back of one cotyledon, rarely at edges of both.

<==Lepidium Linnaeus 1753 A61
    |--L. africanum GK00
    |--L. apetalum O88
    |--L. aschersonii H90
    |--L. banksii Kirk 1899 [incl. L. banksii var. ovatum Kirk 1899] A61
    |--L. bidentatum [incl. L. bidentoides] SJP60
    |--L. bipinnatifidum D03
    |--L. bonariense H90
    |--L. campestre C55
    |--L. capitatum O88
    |--L. densiflorum H93
    |    |--L. d. var. densiflorum H93
    |    |--L. d. var. elongatum H93
    |    |--L. d. var. macrocarpum H93
    |    |--L. d. var. pubicarpum H93
    |    `--L. d. var. ramosum H93
    |--L. dictyotum H93
    |    |--L. d. var. dictyotum H93
    |    `--L. d. var. acutidens [=L. oxycarpum var. acutidens] H93
    |--L. didymum K10
    |--L. draba C55
    |--L. fasciculatum H90
    |--L. flavum H93
    |    |--L. f. var. flavum H93
    |    `--L. f. var. felipense H93
    |--L. flexicaule Kirk 1882 (see below for synonymy) A61
    |--L. foliosum G60
    |--L. fremontii H93
    |    |--L. f. var. fremontii H93
    |    `--L. f. var. stipitatum H93
    |--L. graminifolium H91
    |--L. heterophyllum H93
    |--L. hirtum [incl. L. smithii] C06
    |--L. hypenantion H90
    |--L. hyssopifolium H90
    |--L. jaredii H93
    |--L. kawarau Petrie 1885 (see below for synonymy) A61
    |--L. kirkii Petrie 1890 A61
    |--L. lasiocarpum H93
    |--L. latifolium C55
    |--L. latipes H93
    |    |--L. l. var. latipes H93
    |    `--L. l. var. heckardii H93
    |--L. leptopetalum H90
    |--L. lyratogyrum KM08
    |--L. matau Petrie 1887 (see below for synonymy) A61
    |--L. meyenii W92
    |--L. monoplocoides H90
    |--L. montanum H93
    |    |--L. m. var. montanum H93
    |    |--L. m. var. canescens H93
    |    `--L. m. var. cinereum H93
    |--L. muelleri-ferdinandi H90
    |--L. naufragorum NL98
    |--L. nitidum H93
    |    |--L. n. var. nitidum H93
    |    |--L. n. var. howellii H93
    |    `--L. n. var. oreganum H93
    |--L. oblongum H93
    |    |--L. o. var. oblongum H93
    |    `--L. o. var. insulare H93
    |--L. obtusatum Kirk 1892 A61
    |--L. oleraceum Forst. f. 1786 (see below for synonymy) A61
    |--L. oxycarpum H93
    |--L. oxytrichum H90
    |--L. papillosum H90
    |--L. peregrinum H90
    |--L. perfoliatum H93
    |--L. phlebopetalum H09
    |--L. pinnatifidum H93
    |--L. pseudohyssopifolium H90
    |--L. pseudopapillosum H90
    |--L. pseudotasmanicum H90
    |--L. puberulum KM08
    |--L. ramosissimum H93
    |    |--L. r. var. ramosissimum H93
    |    `--L. r. var. bourgeauanum [=L. densiflorum var. borgeauanum] H93
    |--L. rotundum G04
    |--L. ruderale C06
    |--L. sagittulatum H90
    |--L. sativum PT01
    |--L. sisymbrioides Hook. f. 1864 (see below for synonymy) A61
    |--L. strictum H93
    |--L. tenuicaule Kirk 1882 (see below for synonymy) A61
    |--L. thurberi H93
    `--L. virginicum ACW01
         |--L. v. var. virginicum H93
         |--L. v. var. medium H93
         |--L. v. var. pubescens H93
         `--L. v. var. robinsonii H93

Lepidium flexicaule Kirk 1882 [incl. L. incisum Banks & Sol. ex Hook. f. 1853 non Roth 1802, Nasturtium neozelandicum Kuntze 1891] A61

Lepidium kawarau Petrie 1885 [=L. sisymbrioides ssp. kawarau (Petrie) Thellung 1906; incl. L. kawarau var. dubium Kirk 1899, L. sisymbrioides var. dubium (Kirk) Thellung 1906] A61

Lepidium matau Petrie 1887 [=L. sisymbrioides ssp. matau (Petrie) Thellung 1906; incl. L. sisymbrioides ssp. matau var. lobulatum Thellung 1906] A61

Lepidium oleraceum Forst. f. 1786 [=Thlaspi oleraceum Poir. 1806, Nasturtium oleraceum Kuntze 1891; incl. Lepidium oleraceum var. acutidentatum Kirk 1899, L. oleraceum var. frondosum Kirk 1899, L. oleraceum var. serrulatum Thellung 1906] A61

Lepidium sisymbrioides Hook. f. 1864 [=Nasturtium sisymbrioides Kuntze 1891; incl. L. sisymbrioides ssp. solandri var. ovatum Thellung 1906 non L. banksii var. ovatum Kirk 1899, L. solandri Kirk 1882, L. sisymbrioides ssp. solandri (Kirk) Thellung 1906, L. sisymbrioides ssp. solandri var. typicum Thellung 1906] A61

Lepidium tenuicaule Kirk 1882 [incl. L. australe Kirk 1882, L. tenuicaule var. australe (Kirk) Kirk 1899, L. tenuicaule var. minor Cheeseman 1911] A61

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[ACW01] Aguilar, H., C. C. Childers & W. C. Welbourn. 2001. Relative abundance and seasonal occurrence of mites in the family Tydeidae on citrus in Florida. In: Halliday, R. B., D. E. Walter, H. C. Proctor, R. A. Norton & M. J. Colloff (eds) Acarology: Proceedings of the 10^th International Congress pp. 376–380. CSIRO Publishing: Melbourne.

[A61] Allan, H. H. 1961. Flora of New Zealand vol. 1. Indigenous Tracheophyta: Psilopsida, Lycopsida, Filicopsida, Gymnospermae, Dicotyledones. R. E. Owen, Government Printer: Wellington (New Zealand).

[C55] Candolle, A. de. 1855. Géographie Botanique Raisonée: Ou exposition des faits principaux et des lois concernant la distribution géographique des plantes de l’époque actuelle vol. 2. Librairie de Victor Masson: Paris.

[C06] Cheeseman, T. F. 1906. Manual of the New Zealand Flora. John Mackay, Government Printer: Wellington.

[D03] Dusén, P. 1903. The vegetation of western Patagonia. In: Scott, W. B. (ed.) Reports of the Princeton University Expeditions to Patagonia, 1896–1899 vol. 8. Botany pp. 1–34. The University: Princeton (New Jersey).

[G04] Gibson, N. 2004. Flora and vegetation of the Eastern Goldfields Ranges: part 7. Middle and South Ironcap, Digger Rock and Hatter Hill. Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia 87 (2): 49–62.

[GK00] Gibson, N., & G. J. Keighery. 2000. Flora and vegetation of the Byenup-Muir reserve system, south-west Western Australia. CALMScience 3 (3): 323–402.

[G60] Gillham, M. E. 1960. Vegetation of Little Brother Island, Cook Strait, in relation to spray-bearing winds, soil salinity, and pH. Transactions of the Royal Society of New Zealand 88 (3): 405–424.

[H90] Harden, G. J. (ed.) 1990. Flora of New South Wales vol. 1. New South Wales University Press.

[H09] Heterick, B. E. 2009. A guide to the ants of south-western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 76: 1–206.

[H93] Hickman, J. C. (ed.) 1993. The Jepson Manual: Higher Plants of California. University of California Press: Berkeley (California).

[H91] Hubálek, Z. 1991. Biogeographic indication of natural foci of tick-borne infections. In: Dusbábek, F., & V. Bukva (eds) Modern Acarology: Proceedings of the VIII International Congress of Acarology, held in České Budĕjovice, Czechoslovakia, 6–11 August 1990 vol. 1 pp. 255–260. SPB Academic Publishing: The Hague.

[K10] Keighery, G. 2010. The naturalised vascular plants of the Pilbara region, Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 78 (1): 299–311.

[KM08] Keighery, G. J., & W. Muir. 2008. Vegetation and vascular flora of Faure Island, Shark Bay, Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 75: 11–19.

[NL98] Norton, D. A., & P. J. de Lange. 1998. Hebe paludosa (Scrophulariaceae)—a new combination for an endemic wetland Hebe from Westland, South Island, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Botany 36: 531–538.

[O88] Ohba, H. 1988. The alpine flora of the Nepal Himalayas: an introductory note. In: Ohba, H., & S. B. Malla (eds) The Himalayan Plants vol. 1. The University Museum, University of Tokyo, Bulletin 31: 19–46.

[PT01] Pemberton, L. M. S., S.-L. Tsai, P. H. Lovell & P. J. Harris. 2001. Epidermal patterning in seedling roots of eudicotyledons. Annals of Botany 87: 649–654.

[SJP60] St. John, H. & W. R. Philipson. 1960. List of the flora of Oeno Atoll, Tuamotu Archipelago, south-central Pacific Ocean. Transactions of the Royal Society of New Zealand 88 (3): 401–403.

[W92] Wilson, E. O. 1992. The Diversity of Life. Harvard University Press: Belknap (USA).

Brassica

Rape Brassica rapa, copyright Matt Lavin.

Belongs within: Brassicaceae.

Brassica is a genus of herbs native to Eurasia though some species have been introduced more or less worldwide through their cultivation for food (Hickman 1993). These include the versatile B. oleracea that, through selection of different varieties for different growth forms, has given rise to cabbage, cauliflower, broccoli, kohl rabi and other vegetables.

Characters (from Hickman 1993): Annual, perennial; hairs simple. Stem erect, branched, glabrous above. Basal and lower cauline leaves petioled, dentate to pinnately lobed, lateral lobes shorter than terminal. Inflorescence terminal; bracts more or less absent. Flower with sepals erect; petals generally yellow. Fruit linear; valves 1-veined; beak conic or cylindric, with seeds absent or rarely 1–2. Seeds many, 1 row per chamber, spheric, finely to coarsely netted.

<==Brassica
    |--B. adpressa C06
    |--B. balearica C55
    |--B. carinata GM96
    |--B. chinensis H90 [=B. napus var. chinensis PT01]
    |    |--B. c. var. chinensis P88
    |    `--B. c. var. parachinensis P88
    |--B. cretica PT98
    |    |--B. c. ssp. cretica PT98
    |    `--B. c. ssp. aegaea PT98
    |--B. fimbriata H90
    |--B. fruticulosa H90
    |--B. hilarionis D30
    |--B. insularis C55
    |--B. juncea M99
    |--B. napus M99 [incl. B. campestris var. oleifera C06, B. napus var. oleifera TG88]
    |--B. nigra M99
    |--B. oleracea Linnaeus 1753 CD07
    |    |--B. o. var. olereacea M99
    |    |--B. o. var. acephala LS96
    |    |--B. o. var. botrytis M99
    |    |--B. o. var. capitata M99
    |    |--B. o. var. gemmifera H90
    |    `--B. o. var. italica M99
    |--B. pekinensis BMM99
    |--B. rapa H93 [=B. campestris var. rapa C06; incl. B. campestris H93]
    |    |--B. r. var. rapa H90
    |    `--B. r. var. sylvestris H90
    |--B. rutabaga CS77
    |--B. sinapistrum C06
    `--B. tournefortii KM08

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[BMM99] Braun, U., J. Mouchacca & E. H. C. McKenzie. 1999. Cercosporoid hyphomycetes from New Caledonia and some other South Pacific islands. New Zealand Journal of Botany 37: 297–327.

[C55] Candolle, A. de. 1855. Géographie Botanique Raisonée: Ou exposition des faits principaux et des lois concernant la distribution géographique des plantes de l’époque actuelle vol. 2. Librairie de Victor Masson: Paris.

[CD07] Cantino, P. D., J. A. Doyle, S. W. Graham, W. S. Judd, R. G. Olmstead, D. E. Soltis, P. S. Soltis & M. J. Donoghue. 2007. Towards a phylogenetic nomenclature of Tracheophyta. Taxon 56 (3): E1–E44.

[C06] Cheeseman, T. F. 1906. Manual of the New Zealand Flora. John Mackay, Government Printer: Wellington.

[CS77] Cramp, S., & K. E. L. Simmons (eds) 1977. Handbook of the Birds of Europe, the Middle East and North Africa: The Birds of the Western Palaearctic vol. 1. Ostrich to Ducks. Oxford University Press: Oxford.

[D30] Druce, G. C. 1930. Account of a botanical tour in Cyprus. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of London 141: 50–52.

[GM96] Griffiths, A. J. F., J. H. Miller, D. T. Suzuki, R. C. Lewontin & W. M. Gelbart. 1996. An Introduction to Genetic Analysis 6^th ed. W. H. Freeman and Company: New York.

[H90] Harden, G. J. (ed.) 1990. Flora of New South Wales vol. 1. New South Wales University Press.

[H93] Hickman, J. C. (ed.) 1993. The Jepson Manual: Higher Plants of California. University of California Press: Berkeley (California).

[KM08] Keighery, G. J., & W. Muir. 2008. Vegetation and vascular flora of Faure Island, Shark Bay, Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 75: 11–19.

[LS96] Liu, T.-X., & P. A. Stansly. 1996. Morphology of Nephaspis oculatus and Delphastus pusillus (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), predators of Bemisia argentifolii (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 98 (2): 292–300.

[M99] Matthews, M. 1999. Heliothine Moths of Australia: A guide to bollworms and related noctuid groups. CSIRO Publishing.

[PT98] Panitsa, M., & D. Tzanoudakis. 1998. Contribution to the study of the Greek flora: flora and vegetation of the E Aegean islands Agathonisi and Pharmakonisi. Willdenowia 28: 95–116.

[PT01] Pemberton, L. M. S., S.-L. Tsai, P. H. Lovell & P. J. Harris. 2001. Epidermal patterning in seedling roots of eudicotyledons. Annals of Botany 87: 649–654.

[P88] Polunin, I. 1988. Plants and Flowers of Malaysia. Times Editions: Singapore.

[TG88] Tepfer, D., A. Goldmann, N. Pamboukdjian, M. Maille, A. Lepingle, D. Chevalier, J. Dénarié & C. Rosenberg. 1988. A plasmid of Rhizobium meliloti 41 encodes catabolism of two compounds from root exudate of Calystegium sepium. Journal of Bacteriology 170 (3): 1153–1161.

Last updated: 1 January 2022.

Brassicaceae

Cheesemania radicata, copyright Tindo2.

Belongs within: Brassicales.
Contains: Descurainia, Erysimum, Alyssum, Draba, Brassica, Caulanthus, Streptanthus, Thelypodium, Lepidium, Cardamine, Rorippa, Arabis.

The Brassicaceae are a cosmopolitan family of herbs and sub-shrubs. The alternative name Cruciferae (meaning 'cross-bearer') refers to the cross-shaped flowers of members of this family, with four petals. The Brassicaceae include a number of species grown as food plants, the most important of which are species of the genus Brassica. Others include radish Raphanus sativus, rocket Eruca sativa and watercress Nasturtium officinale. The horseradish Armoracia rusticana is grown for its root, pungent when cut and used as a condiment. The mouse-ear cress Arabidopsis thaliana has become a significant model organism used in research on plant genetics.

Tribes within the Brassicaceae can be distinguished on the basis of characters of the fruits and cotyledons (Allan 1961). Members of the Arabideae have cotyledons that are accumbent (with the radicle lying perpendicular to the cotyledons) and a fruit that is a silique (an elongate capsule formed from two fused carpels more than three times as long as wide). In Lepideae and Sisymbrieae the cotyledons are incumbent (lying parallel to the radicle); Sisymbrieae have the fruit as a silique whereas that of Lepideae is a short silique or a silicle (less than three times as long as wide). Members of the Lepideae include the endemic New Zealand genus Notothlaspi in which pods are broadly winged and contain multiple seeds per cell (Allan 1961).

Characters (from Allan 1961): Annual to perennial herbs or subshrubs with mostly alternate exstipulate leaves. Flowers perfect, regular, or nearly so, usually in bractless racemes; sepals 4, petals 4-(0); stamens usually 6, tetradynamous; anthers 2-(1)-celled. Ovary usually of two united carpels, divided by a thin membrane into 'cells'; stigmas 2, often connate; fruit usually dehiscent. Seeds usually without endosperm; cotyledons accumbent, incumbent or sometimes conduplicate.

<==Brassicaceae [Cruciales, Cruciferae]
    |--Lepideae A61
    |    |--Lepidium LM98
    |    `--Notothlaspi Hook. f. 1862 A61
    |         |--N. australe Hook. f. 1864 [=Thlaspi australe Hook. f. 1855] A61
    |         |    |--N. a. var. australe A61
    |         |    `--N. a. var. stellatum Kirk 1899 A61
    |         `--N. rosulatum Hook. f. 1864 (see below for synonymy) A61
    |--Sisymbrieae A61
    |    |--Ischnocarpus Schulz 1924 A61
    |    |    `--I. novae-zelandiae (Hook. f.) Schulz 1924 [=Sisymbrium novae-zelandiae Hook. f. 1864] A61
    |    |--Sisymbrium M99
    |    |    |--S. altissimum H93
    |    |    |--S. erysimoides H93
    |    |    |--S. irio M99
    |    |    |--S. loeselii H93
    |    |    |--S. officinale GK00
    |    |    |--S. orientale KM08
    |    |    |--S. polyceratium C55b
    |    |    |--S. sophia C06
    |    |    `--S. thellungii H90
    |    |--Pachycladon Hook. f. 1867 G-J91, A61
    |    |    |--P. crenata Phillipson 1957 A61
    |    |    `--P. novae-zelandiae Hook. f. 1867 (see below for synonymy) A61
    |    `--Iti Garnock-Jones & Johnson 1988 G-J91
    |         `--I. lacustris G-J91
    `--Arabideae A61
         |--Cardamine A61
         |--Rorippa A61
         |--Arabis PT98
         `--Cheesemania Schulz 1929 A61
              |--C. enysii (Cheesem.) Schulz 1929 (see below for synonymy) A61
              |--C. fastigiata (Hook. f.) Schulz 1929 (see below for synonymy) A61
              |    |--C. f. var. fastigiata A61
              |    `--C. f. var. stellata Allan 1947 A61
              |--C. latesiliqua (Cheesem.) Schulz 1929 A61 (see below for synonymy)
              |--C. radicata A61
              `--C. wallii (Carse) Allan 1947 [=Nasturtium wallii Carse 1926] A61

Brassicaceae incertae sedis:
  Isatis tinctoria PT01
  Lobularia maritima PT01
  Arabidopsis thaliana (Linnaeus) Heynhold 1842 PT01, AS12
  Arcyosperma primulifolium O88
  Christolea crassifolia O88
  Chrysobraya glaricola O88
  Desideria nepalensis O88
  Dilophia Thomson 1853 KC01
    `--D. salsa O88
  Dontostemon pectinatus O88
  Ermaniopsis pumila O88
  Eutrema heterophyllum O88
  Glaribraya lowndesii O88
  Loxostemon pulchellus O88
  Megacarpaea polyandra O88
  Phaeonychium parryoides O88
  Pycnoplinthopsis bhutanica O88
  Torularia humilis O88
  Alliaria petiolata TG88
  Cardaria Y98
    |--C. chalepensis H93
    |--C. draba [incl. C. draba var. repens] H93
    `--C. pubescens [incl. C. pubescens var. elongata] H93
  Coronopus Y98
    |--C. didymus Y98
    `--C. squamatus H93
  Clypeola jonthlaspi PT98
  Hirschfeldia incana [incl. H. adpressa, Brassica geniculata] H93
  Erucaria hispanica AGF98
  Zilla spinosa AGF98
  Farsetia hamiltonii PP07
  Conringia orientalis H91
  Capsella PT98
    |--C. bursa-pastoris PT98
    `--C. procumbens [incl. C. elliptica] C06
  Rapistrum rugosum M99, M65
  Eruca vesicaria H93
    |--E. v. ssp. vesicaria H93
    `--E. v. ssp. sativa H93
  Cakile KM08
    |--C. edentula [incl. C. edentula var. californica] H93
    `--C. maritima KM08
  Iberis PT01
    |--I. amara C55b
    `--I. umbellata PT01
  Lunaria PT01
    |--L. annua PT01
    `--L. rediviva C55a
  Hutchinsia C55a
    |--H. alpina C55a
    |--H. petraea [=Lepidium petraeum] C55a
    `--H. procumbens H93
  Braya O88
    |--B. alpina C55b
    `--B. oxycarpa O88
  Ermania O88
    |--E. himalayensis O88
    `--E. linearis O88
  Lignariella hobsonii O88
    |--L. h. ssp. hobsonii O88
    `--L. h. ssp. serpens O88
  Pegaeophyton O88
    |--P. minutum O88
    `--P. scapiflorum O88
  Staintoniella O88
    |--S. nepalensis O88
    `--S. verticillata O88
  Aethionema saxatile (Linnaeus) Brown 1812 PL04
    |--A. s. ssp. saxatile Y98
    `--A. s. ssp. creticum Y98
  Bunias Y98
    |--B. erucago Y98
    `--B. orientalis C55b
  Calepina PT98
    |--C. corvini [incl. Bunias cochlearioides] C55b
    `--C. irregularis PT98
  Smelowskia Meyer ex Ledebour 1830 (nom. cons. prop.) (see below for synonymy) A-S03
    |--S. alba [=Sisymbrium album, *Sm. cinerea Ledebour 1830 (nom. illeg.)] A-S03
    |--S. ovalis H93
    |    |--S. o. var. ovalis H93
    |    `--S. o. var. congesta H93
    `--‘*Redowskia’ sophiifolia von Chamisso & Schltdl. 1826 A-S03
  Stenopetalum G04
    |--S. filifolium G04
    |--S. lineare H90
    |--S. nutans H90
    |--S. pedicellare G04
    |--S. sphaerocarpum H90
    `--S. velutinum H90
  Hornungia KM08
    |--H. petraea H91
    `--H. procumbens KM08
  Descurainia ES06
  Erophila PT98
    |--E. macrocarpa PT98
    |--E. verna G88
    |    |--E. v. ssp. verna H90
    |    `--E. v. ssp. praecox H90
    `--E. vulgaris C06
  Biscutella PT98
    |--B. didyma PT98
    |--B. laevigata D37
    `--B. prealpina Raffaelli & Baldoin 1997 PS98
  Sinapis PT98
    |--S. alba H93 [=Brassica alba PT01; incl. B. hirta H93]
    |--S. arvensis [incl. Brassica kaber, B. kaber var. pinnatifida, B. kaber var. schkuhriana] H93
    |--S. dissecta C55a
    `--S. nigra C55b
  Diplotaxis GR98
    |--D. erucoides GR98
    |--D. muralis C55b
    `--D. tenuifolia C55b
  Hesperis PT01
    |--H. matronalis H09
    |    |--H. m. ssp. matronalis H09
    |    `--H. m. ssp. candida H09
    `--H. oblongifolia H09
  Barbarea GR98
    |--B. australis H90
    |--B. grayi H90
    |--B. orthoceras [incl. B. orthoceras var. dolichocarpa] H93
    |--B. praecox C06
    |--B. verna PT01
    `--B. vulgaris GR98
         |--B. v. ssp. vulgaris GR98
         `--B. v. ssp. arcuata GR98
  Heliophila CV06
    |--H. deserticola CV06
    |    |--H. d. var. deserticola CV06
    |    `--H. d. var. micrantha CV06
    `--H. obibensis CV06
  Matthiola M99
    |--M. annua D59
    |--M. bicornis PT01
    |--M. glabra D59
    |--M. incana M99
    `--M. sinuata PT98
  Erysimum H93
  Raphanus PT01
    |--R. raphanistrum PT98
    `--R. sativus W02
         |--R. s. var. sativus W02
         |--R. s. var. longipinnatus P88
         `--R. s. var. oleiformis W02
  Malcolmia PL04
    |--M. africana H93
    |--M. chia PT98
    |--M. flexuosa PT98
    |--M. littorea C74
    |--M. macrocalyx (Halácsy) Rech. 1929 PL04
    |    |--M. m. ssp. macrocalyx PL04
    |    `--M. m. ssp. scyria (Rech.) Ball 1963 PL04
    `--M. maritima PT01
  Nasturtium D07
    |--N. microphyllum HE80
    |--N. officinale BMM99
    `--N. pyrenaicum C55a
  Alyssum PL04
  Thlaspi H91
    |--T. alliaceum C55b
    |--T. alpestre C55b
    |--T. andersonii O88
    |--T. arvense O88
    |--T. californicum [=T. alpestre var. californicum, T. montanum var. californicum] H93
    |--T. cochlearioides O88
    |--T. magellanicum D03
    |--T. montanum [incl. T. fendleri var. hesperium, T. glaucum var. hesperium] H93
    `--T. perfoliatum H91
  Draba O88
  Brassica CD07
  Harmsiodoxa M99
    |--H. blennodioides M99
    |--H. brevipes H90
    |    |--H. b. var. brevipes H90
    |    `--H. b. var. major H90
    `--H. puberula M99
  Blennodia M99
    |--B. canescens H90
    `--B. pterosperma M99
  Cochlearia L. 1753 KC01
    |--C. armoracia C06
    |--C. anglica G60
    |--C. cochlearioides [incl. C. flava] TS72
    |--C. danica G60
    |--C. officinalis G60
    |    |--C. o. var. officinalis H93
    |    `--C. o. var. arctica H93
    `--C. rusticana C55b
  Camelina H93
    |--C. alyssum H90
    |--C. microcarpa H93
    `--C. sativa C06
  Senebiera Decandolle 1799 C06, D99
    |--S. coronopus C55b
    |--S. didyma C06
    |--S. integrifolia Decandolle 1799 D99
    `--S. pinnatifida Decandolle 1799 D99
  Anelsonia eurycarpa [=Phoenicaulis eurycarpa] H93
  Armoracia rusticana H93
  Athysanus pusillus H93
  Aubrieta deltoidea H93
    |--A. d. ssp. deltoidea H09
    `--A. d. ssp. falcata H09
  Caulanthus H93
  Caulostramina jaegeri [=Thelypodium jaegeri] H93
  Chorispora tenella H93
  Cusickiella H93
    |--C. douglasii [incl. Draba douglasii var. crockeri] H93
    `--C. quadricostata [=Draba quadricostata] H93
  Dithyrea H93
    |--D. californica H93
    |--D. maritima H93
    `--D. wislizeni R35
  Erucastrum gallicum H93
  Euclidium syriacum H93
  Guillenia H93
    |--G. flavescens [=Thelypodium flavescens] H93
    |--G. lasiophylla (see below for synonymy) H93
    `--G. lemmonii [=Thelypodium lemmonii] H93
  Halimolobos H93
    |--H. jaegeri [=H. diffusa var. jaegeri] H93
    `--H. virgata H93
  Heterodraba unilateralis H93
  Idahoa scapigera H93
  Lesquerella H93
    |--L. arctica H44
    |--L. fendleri KIW98
    |--L. kingii H93
    |    |--L. k. ssp. kingii H93
    |    |--L. k. ssp. bernardina H93
    |    `--L. k. ssp. latifolia H93
    |--L. occidentalis [incl. L. cusickii] H93
    `--L. tenella H93
  Lyrocarpa coulteri H93
    |--L. c. var. coulteri H93
    `--L. c. var. palmeri H93
  Phoenicaulis cheiranthoides [incl. P. cheiranthoides ssp. glabra] H93
  Physaria chambersii H93
  Polyctenum fremontii H93
    |--P. f. var. fremontii H93
    `--P. f. var. confertum H93
  Sibara H93
    |--S. deserti H93
    |--S. filifolia H93
    |--S. rosulata H93
    `--S. virginica H93
  Stanleya H93
    |--S. elata H93
    |--S. pinnata H93
    |    |--S. p. var. pinnata H93
    |    `--S. p. var. inyoensis H93
    `--S. viridiflora H93
  Streptanthella longirostris [incl. S. longirostris var. derelicta] H93
  Streptanthus H93
  Subularia aquatica H93
    |--S. a. var. aquatica H93
    `--S. a. var. americana H93
  Teesdalia H93
    |--T. coronopifolia H93
    `--T. nudicaulis H64
  Thelypodium H93
  Thysanocarpus H93
    |--T. conchuliferus [=T. laciniatus var. conchuliferus] H93
    |--T. curvipes [incl. T. c. var. elegans, T. c. var. eradiatus, T. c. var. longistylus] H93
    |--T. laciniatus (see below for synonymy) H93
    `--T. radians H93
  Tropidocarpum H93
    |--T. capparideum H93
    `--T. gracile [incl. T. gracile var. dubium] H93
  Isatides microcarpa Saporta 1889 CBH93
  Carrichtera annua H90
  Cuphonotus H90
    |--C. andraeanus H90
    `--C. humistratus H90
  Phlegmatospermum H90
    |--P. cochlearinum H90
    `--P. eremaeum H90
  Turritis glabra H90
  Arabidella H90
    |--A. eremigena H90
    |--A. glaucescens H90
    |--A. nasturtium H90
    |--A. procumbens H90
    `--A. trisecta H90
  Menkea australis H90
  Drabastrum alpestre H90
  Geococcus pusillus H90
  Irenepharsus H90
    |--I. magicus H90
    `--I. trypherus H90
  Pachymitus cardaminoides H90
  Cryptospora Kar. & Kir. 1842 KC01
  Guepinia Bastard 1821 KC01
  Physalidium Fenzl 11866 KC01

Cheesemania enysii (Cheesem.) Schulz 1929 [=Cardamine enysii Cheesem. ex Kirk 1899, Nasturtium enysii Cheesem. 1911] A61

Cheesemania fastigiata (Hook. f.) Schulz 1929 [=Arabis fastigiata Hook. f. 1855, Cardamine fastigiata Hook. f. 1864, Nasturtium fastigiatum (Hook. f.) Cheesem. 1911; incl. Pachycladon elongata Buchan. 1887, Notothlaspi hookeri Buchan. 1888] A61

Cheesemania latesiliqua (Cheesem.) Schulz 1929 A61 [=Cardamine latesiliqua Cheesem. 1883 A61, Nasturtium latesiliqua Cheesem. 1883 A61; incl. N. gibbsii Cheesem. 1925 A61, Cheesemania gibbsii (Cheesem.) Schulz 1929 G-J91, A61]

Guillenia lasiophylla [=Thelypodium lasiophyllum; incl. T. lasiophyllum var. inalienum, T. lasiophyllum var. rigidum, T. lasiophyllum var. utahense] H93

Notothlaspi rosulatum Hook. f. 1864 [incl. N. rosulatum var. hursthousei Petrie 1926, N. notabilis Buchan. 1882] A61

Pachycladon novae-zelandiae Hook. f. 1867 [=Braya novae-zelandiae Hook. f. 1864; incl. P. glabra Buchanan 1882, P. novae-zelandiae var. glabra (Buchanan) Kirk 1899] A61

Smelowskia Meyer ex Ledebour 1830 (nom. cons. prop.) [incl. Gorodkovia Botsch. & Karav. 1959, Hedinia Ostenfeld 1922, Redowskia von Chamisso & Schltdl. 1826 (nom. rej. prop.), Sinosophiopsis Al-Shehbaz 2000] A-S03

Thysanocarpus laciniatus [incl. T. laciniatus var. crenatus, T. laciniatus var. hitchcockii, T. laciniatus var. ramosus, T. laciniatus var. rigidus] H93

*Type species of generic name indicated

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Last updated: 4 January 2022.