Stenochiinae

Derosphaerus sp., from Matthews & Bouchard (2008).

Belongs within: Tenebrionidae.
Contains: Strongylium, Hypaulax, Omolipus, Apterotheca, Promethis.

The Stenochiinae are a group of often metallic-coloured darkling beetles that are most diverse in tropical regions.

Characters (from Matthews & Bouchard 2008): Labrum transverse, tormae with mesal extremities not or only slightly expanded, epitorma present, setal pattern symmetrical. Eye reniform. Antennae with scattered complex stellate sensoria on last 5–7 segments. Mandibular mola with fine striations. Corpotentorium present, more or less flat, sometimes sinuate. Procoxal cavities internally closed. Mesocoxal cavities closed in part by mesepimera. Elytral striae nine plus scutellary striole, sometimes effaced. Wing with large radial cell, long RP, diffuse apical flecks, often no medial fleck, with vein CuA₁ usually anastomosed with MP₃₊₄ for greater or lesser distance producing characteristic X configuration, apical field about one-quarter of wing length, wings sometimes absent. Legs not fossorial. Claws simple. Metendosternite without laminae. Dorsal edge of last abdominal ventrite with angular inner edge, or simply rounded. Defensive reservoirs usually transversely annulated by thickening of cuticle, with ample common volume, not eversible, glands draining by a single or more ducts. Ovipositor nearly always greatly modified, with coxite lobe 1 elongate and its baculus longitudinal, paraproct baculi transverse and often articulating at their outer extremities with ends of additional sclerites which articulate in turn with proctigeral baculi. Female tract often without primary bursa, although secondary bursa occasionally present, with long filamentous accessory gland apically expanded into spherical or fusiform spermatheca, without vaginal sclerites. Aedeagus with tegmen usually dorsal or lateral (rotated 60° to 90°), with median lobe adnate to tegmen, with well-developed alae formed as extensions of apical piece.

<==Stenochiinae [Coelometopinae] B14
    |  i. s.: Polposipus herculeanus Solier 1848 B14
    |         Alobates MB08
    |         Taraxides MB08
    |--Stenochiini [Strongyliini] B14
    |    |--Strongylium MB08
    |    |--Cuphotes B14
    |    `--Eutherama Carter 1914 MB08
    |         |--*E. cyaneum Carter 1914 MB08
    |         `--E. coeruleum Carter 1939 MB08
    `--Cnodalonini [Coelometopini] B14
         |--Xylopinus B14
         |--Coelocnemis B14
         |--Coelometopus B14
         |--Hypaulax MB08
         |--Omolipus MB08
         |--Apterotheca MB08
         |--Oenopion MB08
         |--Promethis MB08
         |--Neotheca Carter 1930 MB08
         |    `--*N. fusca Carter 1930 MB08
         |--Oectosis Pascoe 1869 MB08
         |    `--*O. cylindrica (Germar 1848) [=Upis cylindrica; incl. Menephilus longicollis Carter 1920] MB08
         |--Espites Pascoe 1882 MB08
         |    `--*E. basalis Pascoe 1882 [incl. Eucyrtus aurobasalis Fairmaire 1893] MB08
         |--Cnodalon Latreille 1802 L02
         |    |--*C. amethystinum L02
         |    `--C. viride [=Bolitophagus (Cnodalon) viridis] G20
         |--Upis B14
         |    |--U. ceramboides (Linnaeus 1758) B14
         |    `--U. lottinii Dupont in Boisduval 1835 B35
         |--Hydissus Pascoe 1869 [=Hydisus Gemminger & Harold 1870] MB08
         |    |--*H. feronioides (Pascoe 1866) [=Nyctobates feronioides] MB08
         |    `--H. vulgaris (Olliff 1889) [=Meneristes vulgaris] MB08
         |--Metisopus Bates 1873 MB08
         |    |--*M. purpureipennis Bates 1873 MB08
         |    `--M. curtulus (Olliff 1889) [=Meneristes curtulus, Hydissus curtulus] MB08
         |--Cuemus Bouchard 2000 MB08
         |    |--*C. monteithi Bouchard 2000 MB08
         |    `--C. cooki Bouchard 2000 MB08
         |--Campolene Pascoe 1863 MB08
         |    |--*C. nitida Pascoe 1863 MB08
         |    |--C. cyanea Carter 1927 MB08
         |    `--C. nitidior Carter 1937 MB08
         |--Bradymerus Perroud 1864 [incl. Isostira Pascoe 1870] MB08
         |    |--*B. tuberculatus Perroud 1864 MB08
         |    |--B. crenatus (Pascoe 1870) [=*Isostira crenata; incl. B. granaticollis Fairmaire 1883] MB08
         |    `--B. raucipennis (Blackburn 1892) [=Isostira raucipennis; incl. B. seriatus Gebien 1920] MB08
         |--Kaszaba Matthews & Doyen 1989 MB08
         |    |--*K. corvina (Erichson 1842) [=Tenebrio corvinus; incl. T. cyanipennis Hope 1843] MB08
         |    |--K. coerulescens (Haag-Rutenberg 1878) [=Menephilus coerulescens] MB08
         |    |--K. laeta (Carter 1914) [=Menephilus laetus] MB08
         |    `--K. pulchra (Carter 1924) [=Menephilus pulcher] MB08
         |--Chariotheca Pascoe 1860 [=Chariothes Carter 1914, Charitotheca Agassiz 1846 (n. n.)] MB08
         |    |--*C. coruscans Pascoe 1860 MB08
         |    |--C. planicollis (Fairmaire 1849) (see below for synonymy) MB08
         |    |--C. striatopunctata (Macleay 1887) (see below for synonymy) MB08
         |    `--C. subviolacea (Carter 1914) [=Chariothes subviolacea] MB08
         |--Androsus Gebien 1920 MB08
         |    |--*A. violaceus (Pascoe 1887) [=Chariotheca violacea] MB08
         |    |--A. brevis (Carter 1914) [=Menephilus brevis] MB08
         |    |--A. hackeri Carter 1933 MB08
         |    |--A. varipennis (Carter 1925) [=Chariothes varipennis] MB08
         |    `--A. wasselli Carter 1932 MB08
         |--Scotoderus Perroud 1864 [incl. Dechius Pascoe 1866, Gonespites Gebien 1920, Pelecypalpus Hinton 1947] MB08
         |    |--*S. cancellatus (Montrouzier 1860) (see below for synonymy) MB08
         |    |--‘*Pelecypalpus’ medon Hinton 1947 MB08
         |    |--S. scissicollis (Bates 1868) [=Dechius scissicollis] MB08
         |    |--‘*Gonespites’ subcrenatus Gebien 1920 MB08
         |    `--S. torridus (Carter 1911) (see below for synonymy) MB08
         |--Zophophilus Fairmaire 1881 [incl. Sphenothorax Gebien 1906, Teremenes Carter 1914] MB08
         |    |--*Z. curticornis Fairmaire 1881 [incl. Meneristes dentipes Carter 1914, Z. raptor Gebien 1920] MB08
         |    |--Z. lobatus (Carter 1928) [=Meneristes lobatus] MB08
         |    |--Z. longipennis (Hope 1843) [=Tenebrio longipennis] MB08
         |    |--Z. nigerrimus (Boisduval 1835) (see below for synonymy) MB08
         |    |--‘Tenebrio’ nitidulus Fabricius 1801 [=*Sphenothorax nitidulus] MB08
         |    |--Z. quadratus (Carter 1928) [=Meneristes quadratus] MB08
         |    `--Z. socius (Carter 1914) [=Teremenes socius] MB08
         |--Tetragonomenes Chevrolat 1878 [=Tetragonomecus Rye 1880; incl. Obriomaia Gebien 1927] MB08
         |    |--*T. semiviridis Chevrolat 1878 MB08
         |    |--T. aeneus (Carter 1905) [=Menephilus aeneus] MB08
         |    |--T. azuripennis (Carter 1914) [=Menephilus azuripennis] MB08
         |    |--T. intercoxalis (Kulzer 1951) [=Obriomaia intercoxalis] MB08
         |    |--T. ocularis (Kulzer 1951) [=Obriomaia ocularis] MB08
         |    |--T. ruficornis (Champion 1894) (see below for synonymy) MB08
         |    `--‘Eucyrtus’ subcostatus Fairmaire 1893 [=*Obriomaia subcostata] MB08
         `--Derosphaerus Thomson 1858 MB08
              |--*D. gibbicollis Thomson 1858 MB08
              |--D. atroviridis (Macleay 1887) [=Cholipus atroviridis] MB08
              |--D. bornemisszai Kaszab 1987 MB08
              |--D. excisipes (Carter 1914) [=Encyalesthus excisipes] MB08
              |--D. lawrencei Kaszab 1987 MB08
              |--D. matthewsi Kaszab 1987 MB08
              |--D. punctipennis (Pascoe 1866) MB08 [=Cholipus punctipennis MB08, Encyalesthus punctipennis M86]
              `--D. trochantericus Kaszab 1987 MB08

Chariotheca planicollis (Fairmaire 1849) [=Thesilea planicollis; incl. Augolesthus australasiae Motschulsky 1872, Chariotheca cupripennis Pascoe 1860, Thesilea impressicollis Fairmaire 1879, Olisthaena oblonga Blanchard 1853] MB08

Chariotheca striatopunctata (Macleay 1887) [=Decialma striatopunctata; incl. Chariothes doddi Carter 1924, D. viridipennis Macleay 1887] MB08

*Scotoderus cancellatus (Montrouzier 1860) [=Tenebrio (Iphthinus) cancellatus; incl. *Dechius aphodioides Pascoe 1866] MB08

Scotoderus torridus (Carter 1911) [=Alphitobius torridus, Pseuduloma torrida, Ulomimus torridus; incl. Scotoderus ulomoides Kaszab 1973] MB08

Tetragonomenes ruficornis (Champion 1894) [=Menephilus ruficornis; incl. M. insularis Lea 1908, Daedrosis rufipes Carter 1934] MB08

Zophophilus nigerrimus (Boisduval 1835) [=Tenebrio nigerrimus; incl. T. convexiusculus Hope 1843, Meneristes servulus Pascoe 1869] MB08

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[B35] Boisduval, J. B. 1835. Voyage de Découvertes de l’Astrolabe. Exécuté par ordre du Roi, pendant les années 1826–1827–1828–1829, sous le commandement de M. J. Dumont d'Urville. Faune entomologique de l'océan Pacifique, avec l'illustration des insectes nouveaux recueillis pendant le voyage vol. 2. Coléoptères et autres ordres. J. Tastu: Paris.

[B14] Bouchard, P. (ed.) 2014. The Book of Beetles: A lifesize guide to six hundred of nature's gems. Ivy Press: Lewes (United Kingdom).

[G20] Goldfuss, G. A. 1820. Handbuch der Naturgeschichte vol. 3. Handbuch der Zoologie pt 1. Johann Leonhard Schrag: Nürnberg.

[L02] Latreille, P. A. 1802. Histoire Naturelle, générale et particulière des crustacés et des insectes vol. 3. Familles naturelles des genres. F. Dufart: Paris.

[M86] Masters, G. 1886. Catalogue of the described Coleoptera of Australia. Part IV. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, series 2, 1 (2): 259–380.

[MB08] Matthews, E. G., & P. Bouchard. 2008. Tenebrionid Beetles of Australia: Descriptions of tribes, keys to genera, catalogue of species. Australian Biological Resources Study: Canberra.

Lymexylidae

Atractocerus sp., copyright Goutham K.

Belongs within: Tenebrionoidea.

The Lymexylidae, timberworm beetles, are a group of elongate, soft-bodied insects that bore into hard wood.

Characters (from Richards & Davies 1977): Elongate with soft integument. Antennae short, more or less serrate. Maxillary palpi flabellate in male. All coxae more or less projecting. Tarsi 5-segmented, filiform. Abdomen with 6 or 7 visible sternites. Larva with enlarged prothorax and well-developed legs; 9th abdominal tergite often greatly modified but not bearing paired processes.

Lymexylidae [Lymexilidae, Lymexyloidea, Lymexylonidae]
    |--Hylecoetinae P04
    |    |--Elateroides B14
    |    |    |--E. dermestoides (Linnaeus 1761) B14
    |    |    `--E. lugubris B14
    |    `--Hylecoetus Latreille 1806 PN02
    |         |--H. dermestoides P04 [=Lymexylon (Hylocoetus) dermestoide G20]
    |         |--H. flabellicorne (Scheider 1791) P04
    |         |--H. formosanus Miwa 19356 P04
    |         `--H. lugubris Say 1835 P04
    `--+--Melittomminae P04
       |    |--Australymexylon Wheeler 1986 P04
       |    |    `--A. fuscipennis P04
       |    `--+--Protomelittomma Wheeler 1986 P04
       |       |    `--P. insulare (Fairmaire 1893) P04
       |       `--+--Melittommopsis Lane 1955 P04
       |          `--Melittomma Murray 1867 P04
       |               |--M. insulare RD77
       |               |--M. pervagus B74
       |               `--M. sericeum Harris 1838 P04
       `--+--Lymexylon Fabricius 1775 [Lymexylinae] P04
          |    |--L. amianum Kurosawa 1985 P04
          |    |--L. australe Erichs. 1842 M86
          |    `--L. navale (Linnaeus 1758) P04
          `--Atractocerinae [Atractocerini] P04
               |--Urtea Paulus 2004 P04
               |    `--*U. graeca Paulus 2004 P04
               `--+--Hymaloxylon Kurosawa 1985 P04
                  |    |--*H. quercus (Gardner 1935) [=Atractocerus quercus] P04
                  |    `--H. aspoecki Paulus 2004 P04
                  `--+--Fusicornis Philippi 1866 P04
                     |    |--F. gracilicornis Schenkling 1914 P04
                     |    |--F. tasmaniensis Lea 1917 P04
                     |    `--F. valdivianus Philippi 1866 P04
                     `--+--Arractocoetus Kurosawa 1985 P04
                        |    |--A. bicolor (Strohmeyer 1910) P04
                        |    |--A. bifasciatus (Gestro 1874) P04
                        |    |--A. blairi (Gardner 1936) P04
                        |    |--A. bruijni (Gestro 1874) P04
                        |    |--A. monticola Kurosawa 1985 P04
                        |    |--A. morio (Pascoe 1860) P04
                        |    |--A. niger (Strohmeyer 1910) P04
                        |    |--A. nipponicus (Nakane 1985) P04
                        |    |--A. siebersi (Karny 1922) P04
                        |    `--A. tonkineus (Pic 1948) P04
                        `--+--Raractocetus Kurosawa 1985 P04
                           |    |--R. emarginatus (Cast. 1836) (see below for synonymy) P04
                           |    `--R. kreuslerae (Pascoe 1864) P04
                           `--Atractocerus Palisot de Beauvois 1801 [incl. Macrogaster Thunberg 1805] P04
                                |--A. almeidei Arauto 1958 P04
                                |--A. ater Kraatz 1895 P04
                                |--A. atricollis Pic 1948 P04
                                |--A. brasiliensis Lepineux & Serville 1825 (see below for synonymy) P04
                                |--A. brevicornis (Linnaeus 1766) P04 (see below for synonymy)
                                |--A. crassicornis Clark 1931 P04
                                |--A. kreuslerae Pascoe 1864 M86
                                |--A. procerus Schenkling 1914 P04
                                |--A. reversus Walker 1858 P04
                                |--A. schenklingi Heller 1916 P04
                                |--A. termiticola Wasman 1902 P04
                                |--A. victoriensis Blackburn 1891 P04
                                `--A. wheeleri Lubkin 2003 P04

Atractocerus brasiliensis Lepineux & Serville 1825 [incl. A. antillarum Vitrac 1913, A. dipterorum Cast. 1840, A. dipterum Perty 1834, A. dipterus Brullé 1857, A. molorchoides Guérin 1844] P04

Atractocerus brevicornis (Linnaeus 1766) P04 [incl. A. abbreviatus F. 1787 P04, *Macrogaster abbreviatus P04, A. africanus Bohemann 1848 P04, A. frontalis Kl. 1855 P04, A. madagascariensis Cast. 1836 P04, A. necydaloides Palisot de Beauv. 1801 P04, Lymexylon (Atractoceros) necidaloide G20, A. pygmaeus Kraatz 1895 P04]

Raractocetus emarginatus (Cast. 1836) [incl. R. celebensis (Gestro 1874), R. debilis (Walker 1858), R. fissicollis (Fairm. 1885), R. horni (Bourgeois 1905), R. luteolus (Fairm. 1882), R. mirabilis (Miwa 1935)] P04

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[B14] Bouchard, P. (ed.) 2014. The Book of Beetles: A lifesize guide to six hundred of nature's gems. Ivy Press: Lewes (United Kingdom).

[B74] Britton, E. B. 1974. Coleoptera (beetles). In: CSIRO. The Insects of Australia: A textbook for students and research workers. Supplement 1974 pp. 62–89. Melbourne University Press.

[G20] Goldfuss, G. A. 1820. Handbuch der Naturgeschichte vol. 3. Handbuch der Zoologie pt 1. Johann Leonhard Schrag: Nürnberg.

[M86] Masters, G. 1886. Catalogue of the described Coleoptera of Australia. Part IV. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, series 2, 1 (2): 259–380.

[P04] Paulus, H. F. 2004. Urtea graeca nov. gen. et nov. spec., der erste Vertreter der tropischen Atractocerinae in Europa sowie eine Beschreibung von Hymaloxylon aspoecki nov. spec. aus Yunnan (China) (Coleoptera, Cucujiformia, Lymexylidae, Atractocerinae nov. status). Denisia 13: 277–290.

[PN02] Pollock, D. A., & B. B. Normark. 2002. The life cycle of Micromalthus debilis LeConte (1878) (Coleoptera: Archostemata: Micromalthidae): historical review and evolutionary perspective. Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research 40 (2): 105–112.

[RD77] Richards, O. W., & R. G. Davies. 1977. Imms' General Textbook of Entomology 10^th ed. vol. 2. Classification and Biology. Chapman and Hall: London.

Blaps

Churchyard beetle Blaps mortisaga, copyright Hans Hillewaert.

Belongs within: Tenebrionidae.

Blaps is a cosmopolitan genus of darkling beetles with an attenuated end to the abdomen.

Characters (from Matthews & Bouchard 2008): Surfaces matt black. Head in repose porrect. Anterior margin of labrum emarginate, its fringe interrupted medially. Clypeolabral membrane narrowly exposed across its entire width. Mesocoxal cavities open. Elytra completely covering abdomen, apices prolonged and tapering.

<==Blaps Fabricius 1775 [Blaptini] MB08
    |--*B. mortisaga (Linnaeus 1758) [=Tenebrio mortisagus] MB08
    |--B. apicecostata Blair 1922 K77
    |--B. gentilis Fairmaire 1887 K77
    |    |--B. g. gentilis K77
    |    |--B. g. gentiloides Kaszab 1977 K77
    |    |--B. g. punctithorax Kaszab 1977 K77
    |    |--B. g. radula Kaszab 1977 K77
    |    `--B. g. semistriata Kaszab 1977 K77
    |--B. gressoria C01
    |--B. halophila C01
    |--B. polychresta (Forskål 1775) [=Tenebro polychrestus] MB08
    `--B. rugosa C01

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[C01] Csiki, E. 1901. Bogarak [Coleopteren]. In: Horváth, G. (ed.) Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazása [Dritte Asiatische Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] vol. 2. Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazásának Állattani Eredményei [Zoologische Ergebnisse der Dritten Asiatischen Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] pp. 75–120. Victor Hornyánszky: Budapest, and Karl W. Hierseman: Leipzig.

[K77] Kaszab, Z. 1977. Tenebrionidae der Nepal-Expeditionen von Dr. J. Martens (1969–1974) (Insecta: Coleoptera). Senckenbergiana Biologica 57 (4–6): 241–283.

[MB08] Matthews, E. G., & P. Bouchard. 2008. Tenebrionid Beetles of Australia: Descriptions of tribes, keys to genera, catalogue of species. Australian Biological Resources Study: Canberra.

Anthicus

Anthicus antherinus, copyright Dick Belgers.

Belongs within: Anthicidae.

Anthicus is a cosmopolitan genus of ant-like flower beetles with a subcordate prothorax lacking any anterior projections.

<==Anthicus Paykull 1798 H61
    `--A. (Aulacoderus La Ferté-Sénectère 1848) H61
         |--A. (A.) albitarsis La Ferté-Sénectère 1848 H61
         |--A. (A.) amplus Pic 1895 H61
         |--A. (A.) apterus van Hille 1961 H61
         |--A. (A.) bicoloritarsis Pic 1948 H61
         |--A. (A.) flavopictus La Ferté-Sénectère 1848 [incl. A. flavopictus var. ornatipennis Pic 1897] H61
         |--A. (A.) friwaldskyi H61
         |--A. (A.) hanstroemi van Hille 1961 H61
         |--A. (A.) lutopictus van Hille 1961 H61
         |--A. (A.) martini Pic 1897 H61
         |--A. (A.) middletoniensis van Hille 1961 H61
         `--A. (A.) poweri van Hille 1961 H61

Anthicus incertae sedis:
  A. aberrans Macleay 1872 M86
  A. abnormis King 1869 M86
  A. achillei Pic 1895 H61
  A. antherinus C01
  A. apicalis King 1869 M86
  A. astrachanicus Csiki 1901 C01
  A. ater C01
  A. australis LB91
  A. balteatus G89
  A. bellus King 1869 M86
  A. bembidioides M86
  A. biplagiatus La Ferté-Sénectère 1848 H61
  A. bremei Laf. 1842 G89
  A. brevicollis King 1869 M86
  A. caeruleipennis LaFerté-Sénectère 1847 E12
  A. ‘caeruleipennis’ Pic 1904 non LaFerté-Sénectère 1847 H61
  A. calcaratus van Hille 1961 H61
  A. charon King 1869 M86
  A. comptus M86
  A. concolor King 1869 M86
  A. constrictus Macleay 1872 M86
  A. crassipes M86
  A. crassus King 1869 M86
  A. crinitus La Ferté-Sénectère 1848 H61
  A. dachuricus Csiki 1901 C01
  A. denisoni King 1869 M86
  A. dentatipes Pic 1895 H61
  A. dubius King 1869 M86
  A. floralis (Linnaeus 1758) H61 [=Meloe floralis G89]
  A. formicarius Goeze 1777 H61
  A. gawleri King 1869 M86
  A. glaber King 1869 M86
  A. glabricollis King 1869 M86
  A. grandis Pic 1895 H61
  A. hesperi King 1869 M86
  A. hispidus C01
  A. immaculatus King 1869 M86
  A. instygius Pic 1901 H61
  A. intricatus King 1869 M86
  A. kingi Macleay 1872 M86
  A. kreffti King 1869 M86
  A. kreusleri King 1869 M86
  A. kuthyi Csiki 1901 C01
  A. laticollis Macleay 1872 M86
  A. luridus King 1869 M86
  A. macleayi King 1869 M86
  A. mastersi Macleay 1872 M86
  A. monilis King 1869 M86
  A. myrteus King 1869 M86
  A. niger C01
  A. nigricollis King 1869 M86
  A. nitidissimus King 1869 M86
  A. ocreatus LaFerté-Sénectère 1847 E12
  A. pallidus Macleay 1872 M86
  A. pauperculus LaFerté-Sénectère 1847 E12
  A. pontageanus Pic 1932 H61
  A. propinquus Macleay 1872 M86
  A. pulcher King 1869 M86
  A. rarus King 1869 M86
  A. robustithorax Pic 1913 H61
  A. rudebecki Bonadona in van Hille 1961 H61
  A. scabricollis LaFerté-Sénectère 1847 E12
  A. scydmaenoides King 1869 M86
  A. shishmareffi Csiki 1901 C01
  A. spectabilis La Ferté-Sénectère 1848 H61
  A. strictus Erich. 1842 M86
  A. stygius La Ferté-Sénectère 1848 H61
  A. subapicalis Pic 1903 H61
  A. unifasciatus King 1869 M86
  A. vanhillei Pic 1948 H61
  A. wollastoni King 1869 M86

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[C01] Csiki, E. 1901. Bogarak [Coleopteren]. In: Horváth, G. (ed.) Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazása [Dritte Asiatische Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] vol. 2. Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazásának Állattani Eredményei [Zoologische Ergebnisse der Dritten Asiatischen Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] pp. 75–120. Victor Hornyánszky: Budapest, and Karl W. Hierseman: Leipzig.

[E12] Evenhuis, N. L. 2012. Publication and dating of the Exploration Scientifique de l’Algérie: Histoire Naturelle des Animaux Articulés (1846–1849) by Pierre Hippolyte Lucas. Zootaxa 3448: 1–61.

[G89] Gestro, R. 1889. Viaggio ab Assab nel Mar Rosso dei signori G. Doria ed O. Beccari con il R. Avviso «Esploratore» dal 16 Novembre 1879 al 26 Febbraio 1880.—IV. Coleotteri. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova, Serie 2^a, 7: 5–72.

[H61] Hille, J. C. van. 1961. Coleoptera: Anthicidae. In: Hanström, B., P. Brinck & G. Rudebeck (eds) South African Animal Life: Results of the Lund University Expedition in 1950–1951 vol. 8 pp. 217–258. Almqvist & Wiksell: Uppsala.

[LB91] Lawrence, J. F., & E. B. Britton. 1991. Coleoptera (beetles). In: CSIRO. The Insects of Australia: A textbook for students and research workers 2^nd ed. vol. 2 pp. 543–683. Melbourne University Press: Carlton (Victoria).

[M86] Masters, G. 1886. Catalogue of the described Coleoptera of Australia. Part IV. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, series 2, 1 (2): 259–380.

Mycetophagidae

Mycetophagus quadriguttatus, copyright Pierre Bornand.

Belongs within: Tenebrionoidea.

The Mycetophagidae are a group of beetles that may be found as adults or larvae in rotting wood or in association with fungal fruiting bodies (Lawrence & Britton 1991).

Characters (from Lawrence & Britton 1991): Oblong to ovate, somewhat flattened beetles, uniformly brown or with yellow maculae on elytra, densely pubescent. Antennae 11-segmented with three- or four-segmented club; eyes relatively large, coarsely faceted; frontoclypeal suture present or absent; fore coxae transverse, trochantins exposed or concealed, coxal cavities externally open, internally closed; mid coxal cavities contiguous or narrowly separated, laterally open; tibial spurs often well developed and serrate; fore tarsi modified in male, tarsal formula 4-4-4 in female, 3-4-4 in male; abdomen with five ventrites, all free. Larvae elongate and parallel sided, slightly flattened and moderately sclerotised dorsally, with well-developed legs and slightly curved, simple urogomphi, which are more or less approximate at base.

Mycetophagidae [Mycetophaginae] B14
    |--Berginus RD77
    |--Litargus LB91
    |    |--L. balteatus Lec. 1856 L19
    |    `--L. multiguttatus LB91
    |--Typhaea B14
    |    |--T. fumata [=Dermestes fumatus] G89
    |    `--T. stercorea B14
    `--Mycetophagus B14
         |--M. bifasciatus L02
         |--M. irroratus C01
         |--M. punctatus L02
         |--M. quadriguttatus Müller 1821 B14
         |--M. quadripustulatus B14
         `--M. quattuormaculatus L02

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[B14] Bouchard, P. (ed.) 2014. The Book of Beetles: A lifesize guide to six hundred of nature's gems. Ivy Press: Lewes (United Kingdom).

[C01] Csiki, E. 1901. Bogarak [Coleopteren]. In: Horváth, G. (ed.) Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazása [Dritte Asiatische Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] vol. 2. Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazásának Állattani Eredményei [Zoologische Ergebnisse der Dritten Asiatischen Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] pp. 75–120. Victor Hornyánszky: Budapest, and Karl W. Hierseman: Leipzig.

[G89] Gestro, R. 1889. Viaggio ab Assab nel Mar Rosso dei signori G. Doria ed O. Beccari con il R. Avviso «Esploratore» dal 16 Novembre 1879 al 26 Febbraio 1880. – IV. Coleotteri. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova, Serie 2^a, 7: 5–72.

[L02] Latreille, P. A. 1802. Histoire Naturelle, générale et particulière des crustacés et des insectes vol. 3. Familles naturelles des genres. F. Dufart: Paris.

[LB91] Lawrence, J. F., & E. B. Britton. 1991. Coleoptera (beetles). In: CSIRO. The Insects of Australia: A textbook for students and research workers vol. 2 pp. 543–683. Melbourne University Press: Carlton (Victoria).

[L19] Lea, A. M. 1919. Notes on some miscellaneous Coleoptera with descriptions of new species.—Part V. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia 43: 166–261, pls 25–27.

[RD77] Richards, O. W., & R. G. Davies. 1977. Imms' General Textbook of Entomology 10^th ed. vol. 2. Classification and Biology. Chapman and Hall: London.

Aderidae

Megaxenus termitophilus, from Hangay & Zborowski (2010).

Belongs within: Tenebrionoidea.

The Aderidae are a group of small, often colourful beetles whose larvae have been collected in rotting wood, under bark or in leaf litter (Lawrence & Britton 1991).

Characters (from Lawrence & Britton 1991): Elongate, convex to somewhat flattened beetles; elytra commonly bicoloured, vestiture consisting of erect and/or decumbent hairs, the latter sometimes forming a pattern; head abruptly constricted behind eyes; eyes relatively large, coarsely faceted; antennae 11-segmented, filiform or flabellate; maxillary palps securiform; pronotum narrow, lacking lateral carinae; fore coxae projecting, trochantins concealed, fore coxal cavities externally and internally open; mid coxal cavities narrowly separated, laterally open; tarsal formula 5-5-4, antepenultimate tarsal segment lobed, penultimate one reduced; abdomen with five ventrites, the first two ventrites strongly connate or solidly fused (in which case abdomen appears to have four ventrites); hind femora of males sometimes bearing setose secretory organs. Larvae almost always narrowly elongate, parallel sided, somewhat flattened and lightly sclerotised, except for tips of urogomphi. Mandible almost always with hyaline lobe at base of mola, median endocarina on head and armature on S9 absent.

Aderidae [Circaeidae, Euglenidae, Hylophilidae, Xylophilidae]
    |--Syzeton abnormis LB91
    |--Pseudananca ruficollis LB91
    |--Syzetoninus LB91
    |--Syzetonellus LB91
    |--Xylophilus E02 [incl. Aderus LB91]
    |    |--X. brouni Pic 1901 E02
    |    `--X. undatus Gemming 1870 [incl. X. fasciatus Bohem. 1858] M86
    `--Megaxenus B14
         |--M. bioculatus B14
         |--M. papuensis B14
         `--M. termitophilus Lawrence 1990 B14

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[B14] Bouchard, P. (ed.) 2014. The Book of Beetles: A lifesize guide to six hundred of nature's gems. Ivy Press: Lewes (United Kingdom).

[E02] Emberson, R. M. 2002. The beetle (Coleoptera) fauna of the Chatham Islands: additions and corrections. New Zealand Entomologist 25: 69–77.

[LB91] Lawrence, J. F., & E. B. Britton. 1991. Coleoptera (beetles). In: CSIRO. The Insects of Australia: A textbook for students and research workers vol. 2 pp. 543–683. Melbourne University Press: Carlton (Victoria).

[M86] Masters, G. 1886. Catalogue of the described Coleoptera of Australia. Part IV. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, series 2, 1 (2): 259–380.

Ciidae

Cis boleti, copyright Francisco Welter-Schultes.

Belongs within: Tenebrionoidea.

The Ciidae are a group of beetles that mostly feed as both larvae and adults on basidiomycete fruiting bodies though some may feed on rotting vegetation (Lawrence & Britton 1991).

Characters (from Lawrence & Britton 1991): Elongate and subcylindrical or moderately flattened to ovate and globose beetles, subglabrous or clothed with decumbent and/or erect hairs or bristles. Head more or less deflexed, usually with distinct frontoclypeal ridge which may be produced in male to form a plate or paired tubercles or horns. Antenna with eight to ten segments, two- or three-segmented club large and loose with well-developed, multipronged sensoria; maxillae with reduced lobes and fusiform palps; pronotum large, sometimes with anterior plate or paired horns in male; fore coxae transverse or projecting, trochantin concealed; fore coxal cavities externally and internally open; mid coxal cavities contiguous, laterally open; tibiae almost always lacking spurs and with spines along outer edge; fore tibia often with acute tooth or comb of spines at apex; tarsi quadramerous; abdomen with five ventrites, all free, ventrite 1 often with setose fovea in male. Larvae elongate, subcylindrical, lightly sclerotised with variable armature (usually paired, hook-like urogomphi) on T9 and pygopod-like 10th segment. Antennae very short, with long sensorium arising from near base of terminal segment; mandible often with acute, hyaline process at base; maxilla with reduced, subapical lacinial lobe.

Ciidae [Ciinae, Cioidae, Cisidae] B14
    |--Xylographus LB91
    |--Orthocis LB91
    |--Sphindocis MW15
    |--Octotemnus B14
    |    |--O. dilutipes B70
    |    `--O. mandibularis (Gyllenhal 1813) B14
    `--Cis Latreille 1802 L02
         |--*C. boleti [=Anobium boleti] L02
         |--C. bilamellatus LB91
         |--C. cervus LB91
         |--C. cribratus Lucas 1846 E12
         |--C. flavipes Lucas 1846 E12
         |--C. jacquemarti K98
         |--C. punctulatus Lucas 1846 E12
         `--C. tricornis (Gorham 1883) B14

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[B14] Bouchard, P. (ed.) 2014. The Book of Beetles: A lifesize guide to six hundred of nature's gems. Ivy Press: Lewes (United Kingdom).

[B70] Britton, E. B. 1970. Coleoptera (beetles). In: CSIRO. The Insects of Australia: A textbook for students and research workers pp. 495–621. Melbourne University Press.

[E12] Evenhuis, N. L. 2012. Publication and dating of the Exploration Scientifique de l’Algérie: Histoire Naturelle des Animaux Articulés (1846–1849) by Pierre Hippolyte Lucas. Zootaxa 3448: 1–61.

[K98] Klimov, P. B. 1998. A new tribe of acarid mites of the subfamily Rhizoglyphinae (Acariformes, Acaridae). Far Eastern Entomologist 59: 1–19.

[L02] Latreille, P. A. 1802. Histoire Naturelle, générale et particulière des crustacés et des insectes vol. 3. Familles naturelles des genres. F. Dufart: Paris.

[LB91] Lawrence, J. F., & E. B. Britton. 1991. Coleoptera (beetles). In: CSIRO. The Insects of Australia: A textbook for students and research workers vol. 2 pp. 543–683. Melbourne University Press: Carlton (Victoria).

[MW15] McKenna, D. D., A. L. Wild, K. Kanda, C. L. Bellamy, R. G. Beutel, M. S. Caterino, C. W. Farnum, D. C. Hawks, M. A. Ivie, M. L. Jameson, R. A. B. Leschen, A. E. Marvaldi, J. V. McHugh, A. F. Newton, J. A. Robertson, M. K. Thayer, M. F. Whiting, J. F. Lawrence, A. Ślipiński, D. R. Maddison & B. D. Farrell. 2015. The beetle tree of life reveals that Coleoptera survived end-Permian mass extinction to diversify during the Cretaceous terrestrial revolution. Systematic Entomology 40 (4): 835–880.

Meloe

Meloe hungarus exuding defensive oil, copyright Boris Loboda.

Belongs within: Meloidae.

Meloe, oil beetles, is a genus of flightless beetles with reduced elytra that overlap at their base.

<==Meloe Linnaeus 1758 L58
    |--M. (Eurymeloe) G-PR05
    |    |--M. (E.) mediterraneus Müller 1925 (see below for synonymy) G-PR05
    |    `--M. (E.) rugosus Marsham 1802 G-PR05
    |--M. (Lampromeloe) B14
    |    |--M. (L.) cavensis Petagna 1819 B14, G-PR05 (see below for synonymy)
    |    `--M. (L.) variegatus Donovan 1793 B14
    |--M. (Listromeloe) hungarus Schrank 1776 [incl. M. limbatus Fabricius 1801, M. limbata (l. c.)] G-PR05
    `--M. (Meloegonius Reitter 1911) G-PR05

Meloe incertae sedis:
  M. affinis Lucas 1846 E12
  M. algiricus Linnaeus 1758 L58
  M. autumnalis Olivier 1792 (see below for synonymy) G-PR05
  M. baudueri Grenier 1863 G-PR05
  M. brevicollis G-PR05
  M. cicatricosus Leach 1815 (see below for synonymy) G-PR05
  M. cichorii Linnaeus 1758 L58
  M. erythrocnemus C01
  M. murinus Brandt & Erichson 1832 G-PR05
  M. nana Lucas 1846 E12
  M. plicatipennis Lucas 1846 E12
  M. proscarabaeus Linnaeus 1758 [incl. M. tecta Panzer 1793] G-PR05
  M. reitteri C01
  M. rugulosus Brullé 1832 G-PR05
  M. schaefferi Linnaeus 1758 L58
  M. syriacus Linnaeus 1758 L58
  M. tuccius Rossi 1792 [incl. M. tuccius var. corrosus Brandt & Erichson 1832] G-PR05
  M. violaceus Marsham 1802 G-PR05

Meloe autumnalis Olivier 1792 [incl. M. cyaneus Fabricius 1801, M. autumnalis var. hiemalis Gredler 1866] G-PR05

Meloe cicatricosus Leach 1815 [incl. M. iluronensis Salvañá Comas 1870, M. ineditus Salvañá Comas 1870, M. punctatoradiatus Latreille 1804] G-PR05

Meloe (Eurymeloe) mediterraneus Müller 1925 [incl. M. rugosus var. abdominalis Escherich 1890, M. barcinonella Cuní Martorell 1876, M. pullus Hoffm. in Amor Mayor 1860 (n. n.)] G-PR05

Meloe (Lampromeloe) cavensis Petagna 1819 B14, G-PR05 [incl. M. aeneus Laporte de Castelnau 1840 G-PR05, M. latreillei G-PR05, M. purpurascens Germar 1834 G-PR05]

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[B14] Bouchard, P. (ed.) 2014. The Book of Beetles: A lifesize guide to six hundred of nature's gems. Ivy Press: Lewes (United Kingdom).

[C01] Csiki, E. 1901. Utivázlat [Reiseskizze]. In: Horváth, G. (ed.) Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazása [Dritte Asiatische Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] vol. 2. Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazásának Állattani Eredményei [Zoologische Ergebnisse der Dritten Asiatischen Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] pp. xii–xli. Victor Hornyánszky: Budapest, and Karl W. Hierseman: Leipzig.

[E12] Evenhuis, N. L. 2012. Publication and dating of the Exploration Scientifique de l’Algérie: Histoire Naturelle des Animaux Articulés (1846–1849) by Pierre Hippolyte Lucas. Zootaxa 3448: 1–61.

[G-PR05] García-París, M. & J. L. Ruiz. 2005. Bibliografía y registros Ibero-Baleares de Meloidae (Coleoptera) publicados hasta la aparición del “Catálogo sistemático geográfico de los coleópteros observados en la Península Ibérica, Pirineos propiamente dichos y Baleares” de J. M. de la Fuente (1933). Graellsia 61 (2): 225–255.

[L58] Linnaeus, C. 1758. Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata. Laurentii Salvii: Holmiae.

Sepidiini

Sepidium cristatum, copyright Ottó Merkl.

Belongs within: Tenebrionidae.

The Sepidiini are a group of mostly nocturnal, ground-dwelling beetles found in Africa and south-western Asia.

<==Sepidiini B14
    |  i. s.: Psammophanes B14
    |         Sepidiostenus B14
    |         Vietomorpha B14
    `--Sepidiina B14
         |--Echinotus B14
         |--Peringueyia B14
         |--Sepidium B14
         |    |--S. cristatum L02
         |    `--S. variegatum (Fabricius 1792) B14
         `--Vieta B14
              |--V. gracilenta Ancey 1881 G89
              `--V. tuberculata Sol. 1844 G89

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[B14] Bouchard, P. (ed.) 2014. The Book of Beetles: A lifesize guide to six hundred of nature's gems. Ivy Press: Lewes (United Kingdom).

[G89] Gestro, R. 1889. Viaggio ab Assab nel Mar Rosso dei signori G. Doria ed O. Beccari con il R. Avviso «Esploratore» dal 16 Novembre 1879 al 26 Febbraio 1880.—IV. Coleotteri. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova, Serie 2^a, 7: 5–72.

[L02] Latreille, P. A. 1802. Histoire Naturelle, générale et particulière des crustacés et des insectes vol. 3. Familles naturelles des genres. F. Dufart: Paris.

Cossyphodini

Cossyphodes arnoldi, from Schawaller (2013).

Belongs within: Tenebrionidae.

The Cossyphodini are a group of specialised inquiline beetles found in association with ants. They are rarely collected but most diverse in Africa, with a smaller number of species known from southern Asia.

Characters (from Andreae 1961): Head more or less semicircular; deep antennal pouches present between cheek and throat plate. Antennae geniculate, 9- or 11-segmented, with 1- or 2-segmented club respective to segment number. Tarsal formula 5,5,4 or 5,4,4.

<==Cossyphodini [Cossyphodidae] B14
    |  i. s.: Esemephe tumi Steiner 1980 B14
    |--Cossyphodites Brauns 1901 [Cossyphoditinae] A61
    |    `--*C. woodroffei (Péringuey 1885) [=Cossyphodes woodroffei] A61
    |--Paramelloninae A61
    |    |--Paramellon sociale Waterhouse 1882 A61
    |    `--Cossyphodinus Wasmann 1899 A61
    |         `--C. indicus A61
    `--Cossyphodinae A61
         |--Paramellops Andreae 1961 A61
         |    |--*P. bewicki (Wollaston 1861) [=Cossyphodes bewickii; incl. C. beccarii Gestro 1872] A61
         |    `--P. voigti (Reichensperger 1925) [=Cossyphodes voigti] A61
         `--Cossyphodes Westwood 1850 A61
              |  i. s.: C. angolanus Basilewsky 1952 A61
              |         C. uviranus Basilewsky 1950 A61
              |--C. (Cossyphodes) A61
              |    |--*C. wollastoni Westwood 1850 A61
              |    `--C. braunsi Andreae 1961 A61
              |--C. (Allocossyphodes Andreae 1961) A61
              |    `--C. (*A.) arnoldi Brauns 1925 A61
              |--C. (Hypercossyphodes Andreae 1961) A61
              |    |--C. (*H.) vandami Andreae 1961 A61
              |    |--C. (H.) brincki Andreae 1961 A61
              |    |--C. (H.) godfreyi Andreae 1961 A61
              |    `--C. (H.) natalensis Andreae 1961 A61
              |--C. (Metacossyphodes Andreae 1961) A61
              |    `--C. (*M.) kundelungensis Basilewsky 1950 A61
              |--C. (Mimocossyphus) A61
              |    |--C. (*M.) minor Pic 1923 A61
              |    |--C. (M.) freudei Basilewsky 1957 A61
              |    |--C. (M.) fulvus Andreae 1961 A61
              |    |--C. (M.) matabele Andreae 1961 A61
              |    |--C. (M.) raffrayi Gestro 1874 A61
              |    |--C. (M.) reichenspergeri Andreae 1961 A61
              |    |--C. (M.) stevensoni Andreae 1961 A61
              |    `--C. (M.) wasmanni Reichensperger 1916 A61
              `--C. (Pachycossyphodes Andreae 1961) A61
                   |--C. (*P.) machadoi Basilewsky 1952 A61
                   `--C. (P.) pretoriensis Andreae 1961 A61

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[A61] Andreae, H. 1961. Coleoptera: Cossyphodidae. In: Hanström, B., P. Brinck & G. Rudebeck (eds) South African Animal Life: Results of the Lund University Expedition in 1950–1951 vol. 8 pp. 198–216. Almqvist & Wiksell: Uppsala.

[B14] Bouchard, P. (ed.) 2014. The Book of Beetles: A lifesize guide to six hundred of nature's gems. Ivy Press: Lewes (United Kingdom).

Mordellidae

Mordella aculeata, copyright Didier Descouens.

Belongs within: Tenebrionoidea.

The Mordellidae, tumbling flower beetles, are a group of humped, wedge-shaped beetles characterised in living forms by the production of the last sclerotised tergite into a spine extending past the elytral apices. Late Jurassic forms such as Praemordella martynovi that have been assigned to this family lack the elongated pygidium, as well as other derived features such as the enlargement of the hind legs; crown group mordellids are first known from the Cretaceous (Peris & Ruzzier 2013).

Characters (from Lawrence & Britton 1991): Strongly wedge-shaped, characteristically humped, laterally compressed and posteriorly tapered, with last sclerotised tergite produced, forming acute process extending well beyond elytral apices. Body clothed with fine, decumbent hairs; head strongly deflexed, concealing prostemum, fore and mid coxae, abruptly constricted behind eyes to form narrow neck which is concealed by abutment of head against pronotum; antenna 11-segmented, filiform or serrate; lateral pronotal carinae complete; fore coxae projecting, trochantins concealed, fore coxal cavities externally open, internally closed; mesocoxal cavities widely separated, laterally open; hind coxae very large; tibiae and tarsal segments often bearing combs of spines; tarsal formula 5-5-4, tarsal claws serrate or pectinate, each with bristle-like appendage beneath; abdomen with five ventrites, none connate. Larvae elongate, subcylindrical and very lightly sclerotised, with globular head, long epicranial stem and coincident endocarina, robust mandibles, short legs which are indistinctly 3- or 4-segmented, without claws, T9 often with pair of minute urogomphi or median terminal spine.

Mordellidae [Mordelloidea]
    |--Ctenidia [Ctenidiinae] PR13
    |    `--C. mordelloides Laporte de Castelnau 1840 PR13
    |--Praemordella [Praemordellidae, Praemordellinae] PR13
    |    `--P. martynovi Scegoleva-Barovskaja 1929 PR13
    `--Mordellinae PR13
         |--Raynoldsiellini PR13
         |--Conaliini PR13
         |--Stenaliini PR13
         |--Mediumiuga Peris & Ruzzier 2013 [Mediumiugamiini] PR13
         |    `--*M. sinespinis Peris & Ruzzier 2013 PR13
         |--Mordellistena LB91 [Mordellistenini PR13]
         |    |--M. parvula [incl. M. parvula var. picipes] C01
         |    `--M. pumila C01
         `--Mordellini B14
              |--Hoshihananomia B14
              |    |--H. inflammata (LeConte 1862) B14
              |    |--H. leucosticta LB91
              |    |--H. octopunctata B14
              |    `--H. perlineata B14
              `--Mordella Linnaeus 1758 L58
                   |--M. abdominalis Blessig 1861 M86
                   |--M. aculeata Linnaeus 1758 L58 [incl. M. aculeata var. leucaspis C01]
                   |--M. albosparsa Gemming 1870 [incl. M. albosignata Bohem. 1858] M86
                   |--M. antarctica T27
                   |--M. aterrima Macleay 1872 M86
                   |--M. australis Boisduval 1835 M86
                   |--M. bella Waterh. 1878 M86
                   |--M. bruneipennis Macleay 1872 M86
                   |--M. communis Waterh. 1878 M86
                   |--M. cuspidata Macleay 1872 M86
                   |--M. decemguttata B35
                   |--M. durvillei Boisduval 1835 B35
                   |--M. elegans Waterh. 1878 M86
                   |--M. exilis Germ. 1848 M86
                   |--M. fasciata C01
                   |--M. felix Waterh. 1877 M86
                   |--M. flava Linnaeus 1758 L58
                   |--M. frontalis Linnaeus 1758 L58
                   |--M. holomelaena Apfelbeck 1914 B14
                   |    |--M. h. holomelaena B14
                   |    `--M. h. sibirica B14
                   |--M. humeralis Linnaeus 1758 L58
                   |--M. insidiosa Lucas 1847 E12
                   |--M. jucunda (Broun 1880) E02
                   |--M. lepida Redtenb. 1868 M86
                   |--M. leucosticta Germ. 1848 M86
                   |--M. limbata Waterh. 1878 M86
                   |--M. lottinii Dupont in Boisduval 1835 B35
                   |--M. mixta B35
                   |--M. multiguttata Waterh. 1878 M86
                   |--M. obliqua Waterh. 1878 M86
                   |--M. octomaculata Macleay 1872 M86
                   |--M. ornata Waterh. 1878 M86
                   |--M. promiscua Erichs. 1842 M86
                   |--M. quattuordecimmaculata Macleay 1872 M86
                   |--M. ruficollis Waterh. 1878 M86
                   |--M. thoracica Linnaeus 1758 L58
                   |--M. tomentosa Dejean in Boisduval 1835 B35
                   `--M. trivialis Waterh. 1878 M86

Mordellidae incertae sedis:
  Zeamordella monacha WFS04
  Austromordella LB91
  Tomoxia C01
    |--T. biguttata C01
    |--T. bucephala V09
    `--T. flavicans Waterh. 1878 M86
  Glipostena ponomarenkoi Odnosum & Perkovsky 2009 PR13
  Tomoxioda LB91
  Glipostenoda LB91
  Liaoximordella [Liaoximordellidae] PR13
    `--*L. hongi Wang 1993 PR13
  Cretanaspis Huang & Yan 1999 PR13
  Mordellaria friedrichi Perkovsky & Odnosum 2013 PR13
  Bellimordella Liu, Zhao & Ren 2008 PR13
  Mirimordella gracilicruralis Liu, Lu & Ren 2007 PR13
  Asiamordella Hong 2002 H02
    `--*A. furvis Hong 2002 H02

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[B35] Boisduval, J. B. 1835. Voyage de Découvertes de l’Astrolabe. Exécuté par ordre du Roi, pendant les années 1826–1827–1828–1829, sous le commandement de M. J. Dumont d'Urville. Faune entomologique de l'océan Pacifique, avec l'illustration des insectes nouveaux recueillis pendant le voyage vol. 2. Coléoptères et autres ordres. J. Tastu: Paris.

[B14] Bouchard, P. (ed.) 2014. The Book of Beetles: A lifesize guide to six hundred of nature's gems. Ivy Press: Lewes (United Kingdom).

[C01] Csiki, E. 1901. Bogarak [Coleopteren]. In: Horváth, G. (ed.) Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazása [Dritte Asiatische Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] vol. 2. Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazásának Állattani Eredményei [Zoologische Ergebnisse der Dritten Asiatischen Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] pp. 75–120. Victor Hornyánszky: Budapest, and Karl W. Hierseman: Leipzig.

[E02] Emberson, R. M. 2002. The beetle (Coleoptera) fauna of the Chatham Islands: additions and corrections. New Zealand Entomologist 25: 69–77.

[E12] Evenhuis, N. L. 2012. Publication and dating of the Exploration Scientifique de l’Algérie: Histoire Naturelle des Animaux Articulés (1846–1849) by Pierre Hippolyte Lucas. Zootaxa 3448: 1–61.

[H02] Hong Y. 2002. Amber Insect of China. Beijing Scientific and Technological Publishing House.

[LB91] Lawrence, J. F., & E. B. Britton. 1991. Coleoptera (beetles). In: CSIRO. The Insects of Australia: A textbook for students and research workers 2^nd ed. vol. 2 pp. 543–683. Melbourne University Press: Carlton (Victoria).

[L58] Linnaeus, C. 1758. Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata. Laurentii Salvii: Holmiae.

[M86] Masters, G. 1886. Catalogue of the described Coleoptera of Australia. Part IV. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, series 2, 1 (2): 259–380.

[PR13] Peris, D., & E. Ruzzier. 2013. A new tribe, new genus, and new species of Mordellidae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) from the Early Cretaceous amber of Spain. Cretaceous Research 45: 1–6.

[T27] Thomson, G. M. 1927. The pollination of New Zealand flowers by birds and insects. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 57: 106–125.

[V09] Verdcourt, B. (ed.) 2009. Additions to the wild fauna and flora of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. XXVI. Miscellaneous records. Kew Bulletin 64 (1): 183–194.

[WFS04] Winks, C. J., S. V. Fowler & L. A. Smith. 2004. Invertebrate fauna of boneseed, Chrysanthemoides monilifera ssp. monilifera (L.) T. Norl. (Asteraceae: Calenduleae), an invasive weed in New Zealand. New Zealand Entomologist 27: 61–72.

Last updated: 12 November 2020.

Oedemeridae

Male false oil beetle Oedemera nobilis, copyright Entomart.

Belongs within: Tenebrionoidea.

The Oedemeridae are a group of elongate, soft-bodied beetles whose larvae feed on dead wood. Adults may feed on pollen or be short-lived and not feed at all. Members of this family are commonly known as false blister beetles due to their resemblance to the blister beetles of the Meloidae, which they also resemble in producing irritant chemicals for defense that may cause blisters on the skin of humans (Bouchard 2014).

Characters (from Lawrence & Britton 1991): Elongate, parallel-sided, soft-bodied, often bicoloured and clothed with short, decumbent hairs. Head usually somewhat produced anteriorly; antennal insertions located dorsally in front of eyes, antenna 11-segmented, filiform, serrate or incrassate; apical segment of maxillary palp more or less expanded and truncate (excavate in some males); lateral pronotal carinae absent; fore coxae projecting, trochantins exposed, fore coxal cavities externally open, internally closed; mesocoxal cavities contiguous, laterally open; tarsal formula 5-5-4, penultimate tarsal segment lobed beneath; abdomen with five or six ventrites, two ventrites connate. Larvae elongate, subcylindrical, very lightly sclerotised, with large, often slightly asymmetrical head and asperity-bearing ampullae on T1–T2 or T1–T3 and S2–S4 or S3–S4. Antennae well developed; epicranial stem long, frontal arms V-shaped; mandibles large and asymmetrical, with transversely ridged molae; ligula well developed, with prehypopharyngeal lobe between it and hypopharynx.

Oedemeridae [Oedemerinae]
    |--Asclerini LB91
    |    |--Asclera coarctata C01
    |    `--Pseudolychus LB91
    |         |--P. apicalis Macleay 1872 Mas86
    |         |--P. atratus Guér. 1833 Mas86
    |         |--P. cinctus Guér. 1833 Mas86
    |         |--P. haemopterus Guér. 1833 Mas86
    |         |--P. haemorrhoidalis L09
    |         |--P. marginata Guér. 1833 Mas86
    |         `--P. wallacei Lea 1909 L09
    |--Nacerdini [Nacerdinae] B14
    |    |--Anogcodes B14
    |    |--Opsimea B14
    |    |--Agasma semicrudum LB91
    |    |--Ditylus LB91
    |    `--Nacerdes B14
    |         |  i. s.: N. rufipes Macleay 1886 Mac86
    |         `--N. (Nacerdes) B14
    |              |--N. (N.) brancuccii B14
    |              |--N. (N.) melanura (Linnaeus 1758) B14
    |              `--N. (N.) semirufa B14
    `--Oedemera [Oedemerini] B14
         |--O. australis [incl. O. rubricollis] B35
         |--O. bivittata MacLeay in Boisduval 1835 B35
         |--O. brevicornis Latreille in Boisduval 1835 B35
         |--O. croceicollis [incl. O. croceicollis var. sarmatica] C01
         |--O. flavescens C01
         |--O. forsteri B35
         |--O. livida [=Dryops livida] B35
         |--O. luctuosa Dejean in Boisduval 1835 B35
         |--O. lurida C01
         |--O. nobilis V09
         |--O. podagrariae (Linnaeus 1767) B14 [=Necydalis podagrariae L02]
         |    |--O. p. podagrariae B14
         |    |--O. p. acutipalpis B14
         |    `--O. p. ventralis B14
         |--O. rostrata [=Leptura rostrata] L02
         |--O. ruficollis [=Necydalis ruficollis] L02
         |--O. substriata B35
         |--O. tibialis Lucas 1846 E12
         |--O. virescens C01
         |--O. viridana Lucas 1846 E12
         `--O. viridissima [=Necydalis viridissima] L02

Oedemeridae incertae sedis:
  Selenopalpus Mas86
    |--S. cyaneus T27
    |--S. fuscus Macleay 1872 Mas86
    `--S. mastersi Macleay 1872 Mas86
  Ananca G89
    |--A. australis Boisd. 1835 [incl. A. rubricollis] Mas86
    |--A. bivittata Mas86
    |--A. brevicornis Mas86
    |--A. luctuosa Mas86
    |--A. nigronotata Bohem. 1858 Mas86
    |--A. puncta Macleay 1827 [incl. A. palliata, A. suturalis] Mas86
    |--A. ruficollis Macleay 1872 Mas86
    |--A. spurcaticollis Fairm. 1885 G89
    `--A. vitticollis Macleay 1872 Mas86
  Colobostomus griseovestitus Fairm. 1885 G89
  Chrysanthia viridis C01
  Ischnomera mansueta Newm. 1851 Mas86
  Calopus serraticornis MW15, L02
  Dohrnia miranda Newm. 1851 Mas86
  Copidita mira B70
  Sessinia decolor AT01
  Sisenes championi AT01
  Oxacis AT01
    |--O. taeniata AT01
    `--O. xerensis AT01

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[AT01] Arnett, R. H., Jr & M. C. Thomas (eds) 2001. American Beetles vol. 1. Archostemata, Myxophaga, Adephaga, Polyphaga: Staphyliniformia. CRC Press: Boca Raton.

[B35] Boisduval, J. B. 1835. Voyage de Découvertes de l’Astrolabe. Exécuté par ordre du Roi, pendant les années 1826–1827–1828–1829, sous le commandement de M. J. Dumont d'Urville. Faune entomologique de l'océan Pacifique, avec l'illustration des insectes nouveaux recueillis pendant le voyage vol. 2. Coléoptères et autres ordres. J. Tastu: Paris.

[B14] Bouchard, P. (ed.) 2014. The Book of Beetles: A lifesize guide to six hundred of nature's gems. Ivy Press: Lewes (United Kingdom).

[B70] Britton, E. B. 1970. Coleoptera (beetles). In: CSIRO. The Insects of Australia: A textbook for students and research workers pp. 495–621. Melbourne University Press.

[C01] Csiki, E. 1901. Bogarak [Coleopteren]. In: Horváth, G. (ed.) Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazása [Dritte Asiatische Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] vol. 2. Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazásának Állattani Eredményei [Zoologische Ergebnisse der Dritten Asiatischen Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] pp. 75–120. Victor Hornyánszky: Budapest, and Karl W. Hierseman: Leipzig.

[E12] Evenhuis, N. L. 2012. Publication and dating of the Exploration Scientifique de l’Algérie: Histoire Naturelle des Animaux Articulés (1846–1849) by Pierre Hippolyte Lucas. Zootaxa 3448: 1–61.

[G89] Gestro, R. 1889. Viaggio ab Assab nel Mar Rosso dei signori G. Doria ed O. Beccari con il R. Avviso «Esploratore» dal 16 Novembre 1879 al 26 Febbraio 1880.—IV. Coleotteri. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova, Serie 2^a, 7: 5–72.

[L02] Latreille, P. A. 1802. Histoire Naturelle, générale et particulière des crustacés et des insectes vol. 3. Familles naturelles des genres. F. Dufart: Paris.

[LB91] Lawrence, J. F., & E. B. Britton. 1991. Coleoptera (beetles). In: CSIRO. The Insects of Australia: A textbook for students and research workers 2^nd ed. vol. 2 pp. 543–683. Melbourne University Press: Carlton (Victoria).

[L09] Lea, A. M. 1909. Revision of the Australian and Tasmanian Malacodermidae. Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. 1909 (1): 45–251, pls 2–6.

[Mac86] Macleay, W. 1886. The insects of the Fly River, New Guinea, "Coleoptera". Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, series 2, 1 (1): 136–157.

[Mas86] Masters, G. 1886. Catalogue of the described Coleoptera of Australia. Part IV. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, series 2, 1 (2): 259–380.

[MW15] McKenna, D. D., A. L. Wild, K. Kanda, C. L. Bellamy, R. G. Beutel, M. S. Caterino, C. W. Farnum, D. C. Hawks, M. A. Ivie, M. L. Jameson, R. A. B. Leschen, A. E. Marvaldi, J. V. McHugh, A. F. Newton, J. A. Robertson, M. K. Thayer, M. F. Whiting, J. F. Lawrence, A. Ślipiński, D. R. Maddison & B. D. Farrell. 2015. The beetle tree of life reveals that Coleoptera survived end-Permian mass extinction to diversify during the Cretaceous terrestrial revolution. Systematic Entomology 40 (4): 835–880.

[T27] Thomson, G. M. 1927. The pollination of New Zealand flowers by birds and insects. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 57: 106–125.

[V09] Verdcourt, B. (ed.) 2009. Additions to the wild fauna and flora of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. XXVI. Miscellaneous records. Kew Bulletin 64 (1): 183–194.

Last updated: 12 November 2020.