Pselaphinae

Fustigerodes majusculus, from Péringuey (1897).

Belongs within: Staphylinidae.
Contains: Pselaphitae, Goniaceritae, Batrisitae, Faronini, Bythinoplectitae, Euplectini, Trogastrini, Jubini, Raffrayia, Claviger, Articerus, Fustiger.

The Pselaphinae are a cosmopolitan group of small, often grotesque-looking staphylinid beetles with a robust, relatively inflexible body (Newton et al. 2001). Members include the Clavigeritae, specialised beetles that are all associates of ants. Clavigeritae have antennae with one to six segments and greatly reduced maxillary palpi. An extensive hollow at the base of the abdomen surrounded by tufts of golden-yellow setae secretes a substance attractive to the beetle's ant hosts.

Characters (from Newton et al. 2001): Body robust, relatively inflexible, usually reddish-brown, with elytra exposing some abdominal segments; deep conical foveae present on vertex and/or other parts of the body; antennae inserted anterior to a line drawn between anterior margins of eyes; maxillary palps with 1-4 palpomeres plus a lightly sclerotized or unsclerotized apical pseudosegment, therefore often appearing to have five palpomeres; tarsal formula 3-3-3, rarely apparently 2-2-2; abdominal sterna III and IV usually with very dense setal fringe covering a basal impression on sternum IV.

<==Pselaphinae [Clavigeridae, Pselaphi, Pselaphidae, Pselaphii] NG05
    |  i. s.: Pselaphaulax MW01
    |         Seracamaurops PN02
    |         Troglamaurops PN02
    |         Cordiamaurops PN02
    |         Imtemps NG05
    |         Machadoites termitophilus N55
    |         Tinaroo ZS10
    |         Malleecola myrmecophila ZS10
    |--+--Pselaphitae R03
    |  `--Brachyscelidae R03
    |       |--Goniaceritae R03
    |       |--Batrisitae R03
    |       |--Faronini R03
    |       |--Bythinoplectitae R03
    |       `--Euplectitae [Euplectinae] R03
    |            |--Euplectini R03
    |            |--Trogastrini NT01
    |            |--Jubini NT01
    |            |--Raffrayia NT01
    |            `--Pteracmes Raffray 1890 R03 [Pteracmini NT01]
    |                 `--P. schaufussi Raffray 1890 R03
    `--Clavigeritae [Clavigerinae] R03
         |--Tiracerus LB91 [Tiracerini NG05]
         |    `--T. foveicollis LB91
         |--Colilodion Besuchet 1991 [Colilodionini] NG05
         |    |--C. incredibilis Besuchet 1991 NG05
         |    |--C. inopinatus Besuchet 1991 NG05
         |    |--C. mirus Besuchet 1991 NG05
         |    `--C. wuesti Löbl 1994 NG05
         `--Clavigerini [Adranini, Clavigerodini, Fustigerini] NG05
              |--Claviger R04
              |--Cerylambus reticulatus (Raffray 1895) NG05
              |--Articerus R04
              |--Fustiger NT01
              |--Pseudacerus Raffray 1895 R04
              |    `--P. furcatus Raffray 1895 NG05
              |--Anaclasiger Raffray 1890 R04
              |    `--A. sinuaticollis Raffray 1890 NG05
              |--Elasmatus Raffray 1903 R04
              |    `--E. lamellipes Raffray 1903 R04
              |--Theocerus Raffray 1896 R04
              |    `--T. crenulatus Raffray 1896 R04
              |--Amblycerus Raffray 1895 R04
              |    `--A. reticulatus Raffray 1895 R04
              |--Neocerus Wasmann 1893 R04
              |    `--N. compressicornis Wasmann 1893 R04
              |--Commatocerus Raffray 1882 R04
              |    `--C. elegantulus Raffray 1882 R04
              |--Apoderiger Wasmann 1897 R04
              |    `--A. cervinus Wasmann 1897 R04
              |--Trymalius Fairmaire 1898 R04
              |    `--T. foveicollis Fairmaire 1898 R04
              |--Hadrophorus Fairmaire 1898 R04
              |    `--H. humerosus Fairmaire 1898 R04
              |--Novofustiger Wasmann 1893 R04
              |    `--N. raffrayi Wasmann 1893 R04
              |--Pseudofustiger Reitter 1884 R04
              |    `--P. stricticornis (Reitter 1883) [=Articerus stricticornis] R04
              |--Commatoceropsis Raffray 1890 R04
              |    `--C. madagascariensis (Raffray 1882) [=Commatocerus madagascariensis] R04
              |--Rhynchoclaviger Wasmann 1891 R04
              |    `--R. crematogastris Wasmann 1891 R04
              |--Articeropsis Wasmann 1893 R04
              |    `--A. sikorae Wasmann 1893 R04
              |--Articeronomus Raffray 1897 R04
              |    `--A. nitidus Raffray 1897 R04
              |--Fusifer Raffray 1899 R04
              |    `--F. perrieri (Fairmaire 1898) [=Commatoceropsis perrieri] R04
              |--Paussiger Wasmann 1893 R04
              |    `--P. limicornis Wasmann 1893 R04
              |--Commatocerodes Péringuey 1888 R04
              |    `--C. raffrayi Péringuey 1888 R04
              |--Syrraphesina Raffray 1903 R04
              |    `--S. pliciventris Raffray 1903 R04
              |--Clavigerodes Raffray 1877 R04
              |    `--C. abyssinicus Raffray 1877 R04
              |--Bironia Raffray 1903 R04
              |    `--B. cavernosa Raffray 1903 R04
              |--Braunsiella Raffray 1901 R04
              |    `--B. pubiventris Raffray 1901 R04
              |--Clavigeropsis Raffray 1882 R04
              |    `--C. formicaria Raffray 1882 R04
              |--Semiclaviger Wasmann 1893 R04
              |    `--S. sikorae Wasmann 1893 R04
              |--Mastiger Motschulsky 1851 R04
              |    |--M. abruptus Motschulsky 1851 R04
              |    `--M. brevicornis Raffray 1890 NG05
              |--Disarthricerus Raffray 1895 R04
              |    |--D. integer Raffray 1895 NG05
              |    `--D. moultoni Bryant 1915 NG05
              |--Diartiger Sharp 1883 R04
              |    |--D. fossulatus Sharp 1883 R04
              |    `--D. spinipes Sharp 1883 R04
              |--Fustigeropsis Raffray 1890 R04
              |    |--F. peringueyi (Raffray 1887) [=Commatocerus peringueyi] R04
              |    `--F. simplex Raffray 1904 R04
              |--Thysdarius Fairmaire 1904 [incl. Thysdrus Fairmaire 1898 (preoc.)] R04
              |    |--T. gracilis Raffray 1899 R04
              |    `--T. perrieri Fairmaire 1898 R04
              |--Radamellus Raffray 1904 R04
              |    |--R. minutus (Raffray 1899) [=Radamides minutus] R04
              |    `--R. spinipennis (Raffray 1883) [=Radama spinipennis] R04
              |--Imerina Raffray 1896 R04
              |    |--I. breviceps Raffray 1896 R04
              |    `--I. wasmanni Raffray 1896 R04
              |--Miroclaviger Wasmann 1893 R04
              |    |--M. alluaudi Raffray 1897 R04
              |    `--M. cervicornis Wasmann 1893 R04
              |--Radamides Wasmann 1897 R04
              |    |--R. sulcicollis Fairmaire 1899 R04
              |    `--R. trifoveolatus Wasmann 1897 R04
              |--Articerodes Raffray 1890 R04
              |    |--A. borneensis Bryant 1915 NG05
              |    |--A. quadriscopulatus Schaufuss 1883 R04
              |    `--A. syriacus Saulcy 1865 [incl. A. bucharicus Reitter 1900, A. ponticus Sharp 1878] R04
              |--Radama Raffray 1883 R04
              |    |--R. fimbriatus Wasmann 1893 R04
              |    |--R. inflatus Raffray 1883 R04
              |    `--R. sulcatus Wasmann 1897 R04
              |--Adranes LeConte 1849 NT01
              |    |--A. coecus Leconte 1850 R04
              |    |--A. lecontei Brendel 1865 R04
              |    |--A. pacificus Wickham 1901 R04
              |    `--A. taylori Wickham 1901 R04
              `--Fustigerodes Reitter 1884 [incl. Novoclaviger Wasmann 1894] R04
                   |--F. articulatus Wasmann 1898 R04
                   |--F. braunsi Wasmann 1897 R04
                   |--F. capensis Péringuey 1888 R04
                   |--F. majusculus Péringuey 1888 R04
                   `--F. wroughtoni [=Novoclaviger wroughtoni] R04

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[LB91] Lawrence, J. F., & E. B. Britton. 1991. Coleoptera (beetles). In: CSIRO. The Insects of Australia: A textbook for students and research workers 2^nd ed. vol. 2 pp. 543–683. Melbourne University Press: Carlton (Victoria).

[MW01] Molleman, F., & D. E. Walter. 2001. Niche segregation and can-openers: scydmaenid beetles as predators of armoured mites in Australia. In: Halliday, R. B., D. E. Walter, H. C. Proctor, R. A. Norton & M. J. Colloff (eds) Acarology: Proceedings of the 10^th International Congress pp. 283–288 Publishing: Melbourne.

[NT01] Newton, A. F., M. K. Thayer, J. S. Ashe & D. S. Chandler. 2001. Staphylinidae Latreille, 1802. In: Arnett, R. H., Jr & M. C. Thomas (eds) American Beetles vol. 1. Archostemata, Myxophaga, Adephaga, Polyphaga: Staphyliniformia pp. 272–418. CRC Press: Boca Raton.

[N55] Noirot, C. 1955. Termites du centre et du sud-ouest de l’Angola récoltés par A. de Barros Machado. Diamang Publicações Culturais 27: 139–150.

[NG05] Nomura, S., & I. Abd Ghani. 2005. Faunistic notes on the pselaphine species of the supertribes Goniaceritae, Pselaphitae and Clavigeritae from Malaysia and Singapore (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae). Serangga 10 (1–2): 1–36.

[PN02] Poggi, R., G. Nonveiller, A. Colla, D. Pavićević & T. Rađa. 2001–2002. Thaumastocephalini, a new tribe of Pselaphinae for Thaumastocephalus folliculipalpus n. gen., n. sp., an interesting new troglobious species from central Dalmatia (Croatia) (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Pselaphinae). Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale “Giacomo Doria” 94: 1–20.

[R03] Raffray, A. 1903. Genera et catalogue des psélaphides. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France 72: 484–604.

[R04] Raffray, A. 1904. Genera et catalogue des psélaphides [part III]. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France 73: 401-476, pls 1-3.

[ZS10] Zborowski, P., & R. Storey. 2010. A Field Guide to Insects in Australia 3^rd ed. Reed New Holland: Sydney.

Agyrtidae

Necrophilus hydrophiloides, copyright Michael K. Oliver.

Belongs within: Leiodidae.

The Agyrtidae are a group of beetles found primarily in northern temperate regions, associated with decaying organic material (Peck 2001).

Characters (from Peck 2001): Oval to oblong-elongate, slightly flattened; brownish, usually shiny. Head projecting or deflexed; eyes conspicuous, usually protruding; frontoclypeal suture distinct. Antennae usually ending in distinct four- or five-segmented club, sometimes almost filiform or weakly clubbed; antennal sensilla usually located in apical grooves on club segments; antennal insertions more or less exposed. Thorax with pronotum larger than head. Pronotum with complete lateral edges, notosternal suture distinct. Prosternum short in front of coxae, bearing narrow but complete intercoxal process. Procoxae transverse, projecting, subcontiguous, with large, exposed trochantins; procoxal cavities narrowly open posteriorly and open internally. Mesocoxae narrowly separated. Elytra completely covering abdomen; punctation striate, as nine or ten longitudinal rows of punctures; epipleura well developed and complete, or extending to posterior four fifths. Metacoxae barely excavate mesally, contiguous, extending laterally to meet elytra. Hindwing with large, discrete jugal lobe, four anal veins, and simple, concave and convex, transverse folds; occasionally absent. Abdomen with five (or rarely six) visible abdominal sterna; lateral portions of sternum 2 present beneath the metacoxae. Intersegmental areas lacking pattern of microsclerites. Several basal terga membranous. Aedeagus may or may not have separate basal piece; parameres may be vestigial, fused, or absent. Larva campodeiform; with moderately sclerotised terga and sterna; mandibles bearing several apical teeth; prostheca narrow and acute, associated with brush of hairs; mandibles possessing large and tuberculate molar part with dorsal and ventral rows of denticles; maxilla with distinct galea and lacinia; galea usually fringed; labium with strongly bilobed ligula; six ocelli on each side of head; urogomphi two-segmented, often with multiannulate apical segment. Spiracles placed in posterolateral emarginations of terga. Abdomen segment ten elongate and cylindrical, with eversible membranous lobes bearing numerous minute hooks.

<==Agyrtidae P90
    |  i. s.: Mesecanus P01
    |         Zeanecrophilus P01
    |--Pterolomatinae P01
    |    |--Pteroloma Gyllenhal 1827 [incl. Adolus Fischer 1828, Holocnemis Schilling 1829] P01
    |    |    `--P. nebrioides Brown 1933 P01
    |    `--Apteroloma Hatch 1927 MW15, P90 (see below for synonymy)
    |         |--A. arizonicum P90
    |         |--A. caraboides P90
    |         |--A. tahoecum P90
    |         `--A. tenuicorne P90
    `--+--Necrophilus Latreille 1829 MW15, P90 (see below for synonymy)
       |    |--N. hydrophiloides Guérin-Méneville 1835 GN09
       |    |--N. pettitii Horn 1880 P01
       |    |--N. prolongatus R60
       |    `--N. subterraneus (Dahl 1807) B14
       `--Agyrtinae B14
            |--Ipelates Reitter 1884 MW15, P90 (see below for synonymy)
            |    `--I. latus P90
            |--Agyrtes Frölich 1799 [incl. Agyrtecanus Reitter 1901, Lendomus Casey 1924] P01
            |    |--A. longulus P90
            |    `--A. similis P90
            `--Lyrosoma Mannherheim 1953 B14, P90 [Lyrosominae]
                 |--L. opacum Mannerheim 1853 B14
                 `--L. pallidum B14

Apteroloma Hatch 1927 MW15, P90 [incl. Alloloma Semenov-Tian-Shanskij 1932 P01, Garytes Mroczkowski 1966 P01, Pterolorica Hlisnikovsky 1968 P01]

Ipelates Reitter 1884 MW15, P90 [incl. Brachyloma Portevin 1914 non Chambers 1878 P01, Necrophilodes Champion 1933 P01, Necrophiloides (l. c.) P01, Pelates Horn 1888 non Cuvier & Valenciennes 1829 P01, Pelatines Cockerell 1906 P01, Sphaeroloma Portevin 1905 P01]

Necrophilus Latreille 1829 MW15, P90 [incl. Necrobius Gistel 1834 P01, Paranecrophilus Shibata 1969 P01, Pseudosilpha Schawaller 1978 P01; Necrophilinae B14]

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[B14] Bouchard, P. (ed.) 2014. The Book of Beetles: A lifesize guide to six hundred of nature's gems. Ivy Press: Lewes (United Kingdom).

[GN09] Grebennikov, V. V., & A. F. Newton. 2009. Good-bye Scydmaenidae, or why the ant-like stone beetles should become megadiverse Staphylinidae sensu latissimo (Coleoptera). European Journal of Entomology 106: 275–301.

[MW15] McKenna, D. D., A. L. Wild, K. Kanda, C. L. Bellamy, R. G. Beutel, M. S. Caterino, C. W. Farnum, D. C. Hawks, M. A. Ivie, M. L. Jameson, R. A. B. Leschen, A. E. Marvaldi, J. V. McHugh, A. F. Newton, J. A. Robertson, M. K. Thayer, M. F. Whiting, J. F. Lawrence, A. Ślipiński, D. R. Maddison & B. D. Farrell. 2015. The beetle tree of life reveals that Coleoptera survived end-Permian mass extinction to diversify during the Cretaceous terrestrial revolution. Systematic Entomology 40 (4): 835–880.

[P90] Peck, S. B. 1990. Insecta: Coleoptera Silphidae and the associated families Agyrtidae and Leiodidae. In: Dindal, D. L. (ed.) Soil Biology Guide pp. 1113–1136. John Wiley & Sones: New York.

[P01] Peck, S. B. 2001. Agyrtidae C.G. Thomson, 1859. In: Arnett, R. H., Jr & M. C. Thomas (eds) American Beetles vol. 1. Archostemata, Myxophaga, Adephaga, Polyphaga: Staphyliniformia pp. 247–249. CRC Press: Boca Raton.

[R60] Richards, A. M. 1960. Observations on the New Zealand glow-worm Arachnocampa luminosa (Skuse) 1890. Transactions of the Royal Society of New Zealand 88 (3): 559–574.

Scydmaeninae

Microscydmus, copyright Edenis.

Belongs within: Staphylinidae.
Contains: Euconnini.

The Scydmaeninae, ant-like stone beetles, are a group of minute beetles found in habitats such as leaf litter or moss, or in association with ants or termites (O'Keefe 2001). Though long treated as their own family, more recent phylogenetic studies have established that they are derived within the Staphylinidae and they are now treated as a subfamily within that larger grouping.

Characters (from O'Keefe 2001, as Scydmaenidae): Body elongate, slender to ovoid; slightly to very convex, 0.6–2.7 mm long; often distinctly constricted between head and pronotum and between pronotum and elytra, usually light to dark brown, sometimes black in color; often densely pubescent on head, pronotum, and elytra, pubescence usually long. Head short and broad to ovoid; deflexed; usually distinctly constricted between vertex and occiput; occiput formed into a “neck”; clypeofrontal region moderate in length, slightly narrowed anteriorly. Eyes anterior, median, or posterior; moderate in size or absent. Antennae inserted anterior to eyes, antennal insertions adjacent to widely separated; antennae composed of scape, pedicel and nine flagellomeres; antennal club composed of distal three to five antennomeres, from indistinct to distinct in form. Mandibles usually planar, subtriangular with large basal area, narrowed to acute incisor, subapical teeth usually absent. Maxillary palpus composed of four palpomeres; palpomere III large, clavate; palpomere IV variable, distinctly smaller than III; apices of lacinea and galea densely covered with long setae. Labial palpus composed of three palpomeres; mentum large. Thorax with pronotum distinctly wider than head, usually with fovea or transverse furrow along posterior margin. Scutellum small, visible, occasionally hidden. Elytra ovoid, convex to rectangular, flat; humeri varied in form with 0-2 basal foveae in broad basal impression; elytral apices usually entire, occasionally truncate or fused. Hind wings, if present, well-developed. Legs relatively short to moderate in length; procoxae projecting beyond prosternum, procoxal cavities open; mesocoxal cavities closed; trochanters relatively large and sublinear or rounded triangular; femora strongly clavate in distal half; protibiae and mesotibiae usually with dense patches of setae at distal end. Prosternum varied from subquadrate to very narrow before conical, contiguous procoxae, pubescence varied. Mesosternum usually raised, sometimes densely setose, bearing mid-ventral carina separating otherwise contiguous mesocoxae. Metasternum long, broad, occasionally carinate or medially excavate; metacoxae round to transverse, conical, widely separate to contiguous. Abdomen with six visible sternites. Male genitalia with median lobe bulbous, large, to elongate, to reduced, lightly sclerotised, distinctly curved, parameres long, slender, articulated on dorsal surface of aedeagus, occasionally absent. Ovipositor composed of paired, fused or unfused dorsolateral paraprocts, triangular dorsal proctiger, paired elongate ventral valvifers, paired elongate gonocoxae; gonostyli absent; spermatheca present, variable in shape from elongate, slender to spherical, accessory gland sometimes present.

<==Scydmaeninae [Anisosphaeridae, Scydmaenidae, Scydmaenides] B14
    |  i. s.: Adrastia MW15
    |         Phagonophana B70
    |         Heterognathus myrmecophilus B70
    |         Syndicus [Syndicini] LB91
    |         Palaeostigus Newton 1982 GN09
    |           `--P. bifoveolatus (Boheman 1851) GN09
    |         Palaeoleptochromus GN09
    |--Hapsomela [Hapsomelinae, Hapsomelitae] GN09
    |--Mastigitae [Mastiginae] GN09
    |    |--Leptomastacini GN09
    |    |--Mastigini GN09
    |    `--Clidicini GN09
    |         |--Clidicus AY04
    |         `--Papusus Casey 1897 O01
    |              `--P. macer O01
    `--Scydmaeinitae GN09
         |  i. s.: Cephenniini GN09
         |           |--Coatesia LB91
         |           |--Neseuthia LB91
         |           |--Chelonoidum Strand 1935 [=Chelonoides Croissandeau 1894] O01
         |           |    `--C. corporosum O01
         |           `--Cephennium Müller & Kunze 1822 O01
         |                |--C. anophthalmicum O01
         |                `--C. thoracicum (Müller & Kunze 1822) B14
         |         Plaumanniolini GN09
         |         Chevrolatia Jacquelin du Val 1850 O01 [Chevrolatiini GN09]
         |           |--C. amoena LeConte 1866 B14
         |           `--C. occidentalis B14
         |         Leptoscydmus Casey 1897 O01 [Leptoscydmini GN09]
         |           `--L. caseyi O01
         |--Scydmaenini LB91
         |    |--Palaeoscydmaenus LB91
         |    |--Ceramphis Casey 1897 O01
         |    |    `--C. deformata O01
         |    `--Scydmaenus Latreille 1802 GN09 (see below for synonymy)
         |         |--S. angustatus Lucas 1846 E12
         |         |--S. hellwigii [=Pselaphus hellwigii] L02
         |         |--S. motschulskii O01
         |         |--S. myrmecophilus LB91
         |         |--S. nanus Lucas 1846 E12
         |         `--S. schaumii Lucas 1846 E12
         `--+--+--Euconnini GN09
            |  `--+--Cephennodes Reitter 1884 GN09
            |     `--Eutheiini O01
            |          |--Eutheia Stephens 1830 [=Euthia Agassiz 1847; incl. Euthiopsis Müller 1925] O01
            |          |--Euthiconus Reitter 1881 [incl. Ascydmus Casey 1897, Euthiodes Brendel 1893] O01
            |          |    `--E. lata O01
            |          `--Veraphis Casey 1987 GN09
            |               `--V. cristata O01
            `--Cyrtoscydmini MW01
                 |--Neuraphus MW01
                 |--Parascydmus Casey 1897 O01
                 |--Brachycepsis Brendel 1889 O01
                 |    `--B. subpunctatus O01
                 |--Catalinus Casey 1897 O01
                 |    `--C. angustus O01
                 |--Lophioderus Casey 1897 O01
                 |    `--L. arcifer O01
                 |--Taphroscydmus Casey 1897 O01
                 |    `--T. californicus O01
                 |--Stenichnus Thomson 1859 GN09 [incl. Cyrtoscydmus Motschulsky 1870 O01]
                 |    |--S. perforatus O01
                 |    `--S. turbatus Casey 1897 GN09
                 `--Microscydmus Saulcy & Croissandeau 1893 O01
                      |--M. (Microscydmus) [incl. Opresus Casey 1897] O01
                      |    `--M. misellus O01
                      |--M. (Delius Casey 1897) O01
                      |    `--M. (D.) robustulus O01
                      `--M. (Neladius Casey 1897) O01
                           `--M. (N.) tenuis O01

Scydmaenus Latreille 1802 GN09 [incl. Acholerops Casey 1897 O01, Eumicrus LaPorte 1840 O01, Microstemma Motschulsky 1858 O01]

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[AY04] Austin, A. D., D. K. Yeates, G. Cassis, M. J. Fletcher, J. La Salle, J. F. Lawrence, P. B. McQuillan, L. A. Mound, D. J. Bickel, P. J. Gullan, D. F. Hales & G. S. Taylor. 2004. Insects ‘Down Under’—diversity, endemism and evolution of the Australian insect fauna: examples from select orders. Australian Journal of Entomology 43 (3): 216–234.

[B14] Bouchard, P. (ed.) 2014. The Book of Beetles: A lifesize guide to six hundred of nature's gems. Ivy Press: Lewes (United Kingdom).

[B70] Britton, E. B. 1970. Coleoptera (beetles). In: CSIRO. The Insects of Australia: A textbook for students and research workers pp. 495–621. Melbourne University Press.

[E12] Evenhuis, N. L. 2012. Publication and dating of the Exploration Scientifique de l’Algérie: Histoire Naturelle des Animaux Articulés (1846–1849) by Pierre Hippolyte Lucas. Zootaxa 3448: 1–61.

[GN09] Grebennikov, V. V., & A. F. Newton. 2009. Good-bye Scydmaenidae, or why the ant-like stone beetles should become megadiverse Staphylinidae sensu latissimo (Coleoptera). European Journal of Entomology 106: 275–301.

[L02] Latreille, P. A. 1802. Histoire Naturelle, générale et particulière des crustacés et des insectes vol. 3. Familles naturelles des genres. F. Dufart: Paris.

[LB91] Lawrence, J. F., & E. B. Britton. 1991. Coleoptera (beetles). In: CSIRO. The Insects of Australia: A textbook for students and research workers 2^nd ed. vol. 2 pp. 543–683. Melbourne University Press: Carlton (Victoria).

[MW15] McKenna, D. D., A. L. Wild, K. Kanda, C. L. Bellamy, R. G. Beutel, M. S. Caterino, C. W. Farnum, D. C. Hawks, M. A. Ivie, M. L. Jameson, R. A. B. Leschen, A. E. Marvaldi, J. V. McHugh, A. F. Newton, J. A. Robertson, M. K. Thayer, M. F. Whiting, J. F. Lawrence, A. Ślipiński, D. R. Maddison & B. D. Farrell. 2015. The beetle tree of life reveals that Coleoptera survived end-Permian mass extinction to diversify during the Cretaceous terrestrial revolution. Systematic Entomology 40 (4): 835–880.

[MW01] Molleman, F., & D. E. Walter. 2001. Niche segregation and can-openers: scydmaenid beetles as predators of armoured mites in Australia. In: Halliday, R. B., D. E. Walter, H. C. Proctor, R. A. Norton & M. J. Colloff (eds) Acarology: Proceedings of the 10^th International Congress pp. 283–288 Publishing: Melbourne.

[O01] O’Keefe, S. T. 2001. Scydmaenidae Leach, 1915. In: Arnett, R. H., Jr & M. C. Thomas (eds) American Beetles vol. 1. Archostemata, Myxophaga, Adephaga, Polyphaga: Staphyliniformia pp. 259–267. CRC Press: Boca Raton.

Last updated: 27 January 2019.

Lomechusini

Drusilla canaliculata, copyright Udo Schmidt.

Belongs within: Aleocharinae.
Contains: Zyras.

The Lomechusini are a diverse but poorly defined group of staphylinid beetles that have been recognised in the past (under the name Myrmedoniini) as including almost all Aleocharinae with 4,5,5-segmented tarsi. Many species possess mouthparts with extensive maxillary sinuses that extend caudally beyond the cardo, and an elongated galea and lacinia (Seevers 1957). Many, but not all, species are associated with ants and members of the subtribe Lomechusina possess prominent tufts of golden-yellow trichomes on the abdomen (Newton et al. 2001).

Characters (from Newton et al. 2001): Tarsi 4-5-5; metasternal process distinctly longer than very short mesosternal process; galea and lacinia of maxilla usually moderately to greatly elongated, length of galea equal to or greater than distance to base of galea from cardo; mesocoxae moderately to very broadly separated by broad meso- and metasternal processes.

Lomechusini [Myrmedoniini, Zyrasini] NT01
    |--Schistogeniae S57
    |--Termitonda Seevers 1957 [Termitondina] S57
    |    |--*T. liberiae Seevers 1957 S57
    |    `--T. tachyporoides Seevers 1957 S57
    |--Lomechusina NT01
    |    |--Lomechusa strumosa A71
    |    `--Xenodusa Wasmann 1894 [incl. Pseudolomechusa Mann 1914] NT01
    |         |--X. cava B14
    |         `--X. reflexa (Walker 1866) B14
    |--Feldina S57
    |    |--Felda Blackwelder 1952 [=Asticta Wasmann 1916 (preoc.)] S57
    |    |    `--*F. butteli (Wasmann 1916) [=*Asticta butteli] S57
    |    |--Zunia Blackwelder 1952 [=Disticta Wasmann 1916 (preoc.)] S57
    |    |    `--*Z. capritermitis (Wasmann 1916) [=*Disticta capritermitis] S57
    |    `--Termitobiella Wasmann 1916 S57
    |         `--*T. setipes Wasmann 1916 S57
    |--Termitozyrina S57
    |    |--Termitophagus Silvestri 1945 S57
    |    |    `--*T. synterminus Silvestri 1945 S57
    |    |--Termitonusa Borgmeier 1950 S57
    |    |    `--*T. sequax Borgmeier 1950 S57
    |    |--Iheringocantharus Bernhauer 1912 S57
    |    |    `--*I. ypiranganus Bernhauer 1912 S57
    |    |--Termitosymbia Seevers 1957 S57
    |    |    `--*T. nitida Seevers 1957 S57
    |    `--Termitozyras Seevers 1957 S57
    |         |--*T. adamsoni Seevers 1957 S57
    |         |--T. boliviae Seevers 1957 S57
    |         `--T. guianae Seevers 1957 S57
    `--Myrmedoniina [Myrmedoniae, Zyrasina] NT01
         |--Atemeles S57
         |--Zyras NT01
         |--Termozyras Cameron 1930 S57
         |    `--*T. politus Cameron 1930 S57
         |--Urodonia Silvestri 1946 S57
         |    `--*U. notabilis Silvestri 1946 S57
         |--Apalonia Casey 1906 NT01
         |    `--A. seticornis NT01
         |--Meronera Sharp 1887 [incl. Merona Sharp 1883 non Norman 1865] NT01
         |    `--M. venustula NT01
         |--Tetradonia Wasmann 1894 [incl. Chlorotusa Casey 1906] NT01
         |    `--T. megalops (Casey 1906) NT01
         |--Trachyota Casey 1906 NT01
         |    `--T. lativentris NT01
         `--Drusilla Leach 1819 [incl. Astilbus Dillwyn 1829, Myrmedonia Erichson 1837] NT01
              |--*D. canaliculata (Fabricius 1787) S57, NT01 [=Astilbus canaliculatus C01]
              |--D. cavicollis Casey 1906 NT01
              |--‘Myrmedonia’ clavigera Fauvel 1878 O86
              |--‘Myrmedonia’ humeralis C01
              |--D. impressicollis [incl. D. sculpticollis] S57
              |--D. incola S57
              |--‘Myrmedonia’ insignicornis Fauvel 1878 O86
              |--D. planaticollis S57
              `--‘Myrmedonia’ tristis Lucas 1846 E12

Lomechusini incertae sedis:
  Dinocoryna Casey 1893 [incl. Ecitonusa Wasmann 1897] NT01
    `--D. carolinensis NT01
  Ecitocala Frank 1981 NT01
    `--E. rugosa Frank 1981 NT01
  Ecitonidia Wasmann 1900 NT01
    `--E. wheeleri Wasmann 1900 NT01
  Ecitoxenidia Wasmann 1909 NT01
    `--E. brevicornis NT01
  Microdonia Casey 1893 NT01
    `--M. nitidiventris NT01
  Xesturida Casey 1906 NT01
    `--X. laevis Casey 1906 NT01

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[A71] Askew, R. R. 1971. Parasitic Insects. Heinemann Educational Books: London.

[B14] Bouchard, P. (ed.) 2014. The Book of Beetles: A lifesize guide to six hundred of nature's gems. Ivy Press: Lewes (United Kingdom).

[C01] Csiki, E. 1901. Bogarak [Coleopteren]. In: Horváth, G. (ed.) Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazása [Dritte Asiatische Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] vol. 2. Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazásának Állattani Eredményei [Zoologische Ergebnisse der Dritten Asiatischen Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] pp. 75–120. Victor Hornyánszky: Budapest, and Karl W. Hierseman: Leipzig.

[E12] Evenhuis, N. L. 2012. Publication and dating of the Exploration Scientifique de l’Algérie: Histoire Naturelle des Animaux Articulés (1846–1849) by Pierre Hippolyte Lucas. Zootaxa 3448: 1–61.

[NT01] Newton, A. F., M. K. Thayer, J. S. Ashe & D. S. Chandler. 2001. Staphylinidae Latreille, 1802. In: Arnett, R. H., Jr & M. C. Thomas (eds) American Beetles vol. 1. Archostemata, Myxophaga, Adephaga, Polyphaga: Staphyliniformia pp. 272–418. CRC Press: Boca Raton.

[O86] Olliff, A. S. 1886. A revision of the Staphylinidae of Australia. Part I. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, series 2, 1 (2): 403–473, pl. 7.

[S57] Seevers, C. H. 1957. A monograph on the termitophilous Staphylinidae (Coleoptera). Fieldiana Zoology 40: 1–334.

Ptomaphagini

Habitus of Adelopsis tandapi, from Salgado (2005). Scale bar = 1 mm.

Belongs within: Leiodidae.

The Ptomaphagini are a group of soil-dwelling scavenging beetles, some of which are found in subterranean habitats such as animal burrows or caves (Peck 2001).

Characters (from Peck 2001): Head with occipital carina, resting against front of pronotum when head is in repose; cervical sclerites present; elytra with glossy surface, setal bases arranged in strigae; procoxal cavities internally closed; posterior coxae contiguous; tarsi five-segmented; hind margin of hind tibia with two inner long spines and outer row or comb of short and equal spines only.

Ptomaphagini S05
    |--Adelopsis Portevin 1907 P90
    |    |--A. bioforestae Salgado 2002 S05
    |    |--A. brasiliensis Jeannel 1936 S05
    |    |--A. coronaria Gnaspini & Peck 1996 S05
    |    `--A. tandapi Salgado 2005 S05
    `--Ptomaphagus Illiger 1798 (see below for synonymy) P01
         |  i. s.: P. consobrinus P90
         |         P. hirtus (Tellkampf 1844) B14
         |         P. shapardi P90
         `--P. (Adelops Tellkampf 1884) S05, P01
              |--P. (A.) bordoni (Jeannel 1964) [=Adelopsis bordoni] S05
              `--P. (A.) sciakyi (Zoia 1992) [=Adelopsis sciakyi] S05

Ptomaphagus Illiger 1798 [incl. Appaladelopsis Gnaspini 1996, Echinocoleus Horn 1885, Merodiscus Jeannel 1934, Tupania Szymczakowski 1961] P01

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[B14] Bouchard, P. (ed.) 2014. The Book of Beetles: A lifesize guide to six hundred of nature's gems. Ivy Press: Lewes (United Kingdom).

[P90] Peck, S. B. 1990. Insecta: Coleoptera Silphidae and the associated families Agyrtidae and Leiodidae. In: Dindal, D. L. (ed.) Soil Biology Guide pp. 1113–1136. John Wiley & Sones: New York.

[P01] Peck, S. B. 2001. Leiodidae Fleming, 1821. In: Arnett, R. H., Jr & M. C. Thomas (eds) American Beetles vol. 1. Archostemata, Myxophaga, Adephaga, Polyphaga: Staphyliniformia pp. 250–258. CRC Press: Boca Raton.

[S05] Salgado, J. M. 2005. Cholevinae (Coleoptera, Leiodidae) from Ecuador: new data and two new species. Graellsia 61 (1): 51–60.

Hydraenidae

Ochthebius sp., copyright Guy A. Hanley.

Belongs within: Staphylinoidea.

The Hydraenidae are a group of small beetles generally characterised by maxillary palps as long as or longer than their antennae with the antennae usually bearing a five-segmented club. Adults and larvae mostly graze on micro-algae and other organic matter on wet surfaces.

Characters (from Lawrence & Britton 1991): Small with relatively inconspicuous antennae, often concealed within grooves beneath head and cavities between prostemum and pronotal hypomera, and well-developed maxillary palps which may be as long as or longer than antennae; antennae eight- or nine-segmented with five- or six-segmented club, segment preceding club usually forming cupule; fore coxae transverse or globular, trochantins exposed, fore coxal cavities externally and internally open or closed; mid coxal cavities narrowly to moderately separated, laterally open; tarsi pentamerous or tetramerous; abdomen with six or seven ventrites, none connate. Larvae usually elongate, campodeiform, with well-developed legs, articulated urogomphi, and pair of hooks on segment 10.

Hydraenidae [Limnebiidae]
    |  i. s.: Ochtebiites minor Ponomarenko 1985 RJ93
    |--Hydraeninae B14
    |    |--Limnebiini P01
    |    |    |--Laeliaena Sahlberg 1900 P01
    |    |    `--Limnebius Leach 1915 P01
    |    |         |--L. discolor P01
    |    |         `--L. piceus P01
    |    `--Hydraenini P01
    |         |--Adelphydraena P01
    |         `--Hydraena Kugelann 1794 P01
    |              |  i. s.: H. anisonycha Perkins 1980 B14
    |              |         H. luridipennis LB91
    |              |         H. riparia L02
    |              `--H. (Hydraena) F05
    |                   |--H. (H.) gavarrensis Jäch, Díaz & Martinoy 2005 F05
    |                   `--H. (H.) marinae Castro 2004 F05
    `--Ochthebiinae B14
         |  i. s.: Tympanogaster LB91
         |         Hughleechia giulianii LB91
         |         Meropathus zealandicus Ordish 1984 LB91, E02
         `--Ochthebiini P01
              |--Neochthebius Orchymont 1932 P01
              |    `--N. vandykei P01
              |--Enicocerus Stephens 1829 P01
              |    `--E. benefossus P01
              |--Gymnochthebius Orchymont 1943 P01
              |    |--G. laevipennis P01
              |    |--G. maureenae P01
              |    `--G. nitidus P01
              `--Ochthebius Leach 1815 P01
                   |--O. arenicolus P01
                   |--O. aztecus Sharp 1887 B14
                   |--O. bisinuatus P01
                   |--O. californicus P01
                   |--O. discretus P01
                   |--O. gruwelli P01
                   |--O. lejolisi PP64
                   |--O. lineatus P01
                   |--O. marinus [=Elophorus marinus] G89
                   |--O. puncticollis P01
                   `--O. subinteger PP64

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[B14] Bouchard, P. (ed.) 2014. The Book of Beetles: A lifesize guide to six hundred of nature's gems. Ivy Press: Lewes (United Kingdom).

[E02] Emberson, R. M. 2002. The beetle (Coleoptera) fauna of the Chatham Islands: additions and corrections. New Zealand Entomologist 25: 69–77.

[F05] Fernández, J. 2005. Noticia de nuevos táxones para la ciencia en el ámbito Íbero-Balear y Macaronésico. Nuevos táxones animales descritos en la península Ibérica y Macaronesia desde 1994 (IX). Graellsia 61 (2): 261–282.

[G89] Gestro, R. 1889. Viaggio ab Assab nel Mar Rosso dei signori G. Doria ed O. Beccari con il R. Avviso “Esploratore” dal 16 Novembre 1879 al 26 Febbraio 1880.—IV. Coleotteri. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova, Serie 2^a, 7: 5–72.

[L02] Latreille, P. A. 1802. Histoire Naturelle, générale et particulière des crustacés et des insectes vol. 3. Familles naturelles des genres. F. Dufart: Paris.

[LB91] Lawrence, J. F., & E. B. Britton. 1991. Coleoptera (beetles). In: CSIRO. The Insects of Australia: A textbook for students and research workers 2^nd ed. vol. 2 pp. 543–683. Melbourne University Press: Carlton (Victoria).

[PP64] Peres, J. M., & J. Picard. 1964. Nouveau manuel de bionomie benthique de la mer Mediterranee. Recueil des Travaux de la Station Marine d'Endoume, Bulletin 31 (27): 5–137.

[P01] Perkins, P. D. 2001. Hydraenidae Mulsant, 1844. In: Arnett, R. H., Jr & M. C. Thomas (eds) American Beetles vol. 1. Archostemata, Myxophaga, Adephaga, Polyphaga: Staphyliniformia pp. 228–232. CRC Press: Boca Raton.

[RJ93] Ross, A. J., & E. A. Jarzembowski. 1993. Arthropoda (Hexapoda; Insecta). In: Benton, M. J. (ed.) The Fossil Record 2 pp. 363–426. Chapman & Hall: London.

Last updated: 13 December 2020.

Staphylinini

Acylophorus pratensis, copyright Richard Migneault.

Belongs within: Staphylininae.
Contains: Amblyopinina, Cyrtoquediina, Indoquedius, Quedius, Philonthina, Staphylinina.

The Staphylinini are a cosmopolitan group of relatively large staphylinid beetles, including the rove beetles that are the most familiar members of the family. Representatives of the Staphylinini have antennae inserted closer to the eyes than to each other, a well developed apical maxillary palpomere, a relatively wide neck (if any), and no separate sclerotised plate anterior to the prosternum (Newton et al. 2001). A major clade within the group has been referred to as the 'Staphylinini propria', members of which are often distinguished by a dorsal basal ridge on the head capsule, a complete fusion of the pronotum and prosternum inside the procoxal cavity, and a transverse ridge on the hind coxa (Brunke et al. 2016).

Staphylinini [Quediini]
    |  i. s.: Valdiviodes BC16
    |         Alesiella BC16
    |         Quediomacrus BC16
    |         Lonia BC16
    |         Quelaestrygon BC16
    |         Strouhalium gracilicorne BC16
    |--Cretoquedius BC16
    `--+--Atanygnathus Jacobson 1909 NT01 (see below for synonymy)
       |    `--A. acuminatus BC16
       `--+--Antimerus punctipennis BC16
          |--+--Afroquedius sexpunctatus BC16
          |  `--Amblyopinina BC16
          `--+--Cyrtoquediina BC16
             `--+--+--Erichsonius Fauvel 1874 NT01 (see below for synonymy)
                |  |    |--E. nanus BC16
                |  |    `--E. patella N90
                |  `--Acylophorina BC16
                |       |  i. s.: Australotarsius grandis BC16
                |       |         Acylohsellus BC16
                |       |         Stevensia longipennis BC16
                |       |--Hemiquedius Casey 1915 BC16, NT01
                |       |    `--H. ferox (LeConte 1878) NT01
                |       `--+--Anaquedius Casey 1915 BC16, NT01
                |          |    `--A. vernix (LeConte 1878) NT01
                |          `--+--+--Anchocerus BC16
                |             |  `--Paratolmerus siamensis BC16
                |             `--Acylophorus Nordmann 1837 BC16, NT01 (see below for synonymy)
                |                  |--A. capensis BC16
                |                  |--A. pratensis BC16
                |                  `--A. wagenschieberi BC16
                `--+--Indoquedius BC16
                   `--+--Quediina BC16
                      |    |--Quedius BC16
                      |    |--Pseudorientis BC16
                      |    |--Velleiopsis BC16
                      |    `--Beeria Hatch 1957 NT01
                      |         `--B. nematocera (Casey 1915) [incl. B. punctata Hatch 1957] NT01
                      `--Staphylinini propria BC16
                           |  i. s.: Eucibdelus BC16
                           |         Ioma BC16
                           |         Weiserianum BC16
                           |         Haematodes BC16
                           |         Euristus BC16
                           |--+--Philothalpus BC16
                           |  |    |--P. bilobus BC16
                           |  |    `--P. falini BC16
                           |  `--Xanthopygina BC16
                           |       |  i. s.: Gastrisus Sharp 1876 NT01
                           |       |         Trigonopselaphus Gemminger & Harold 1868 (see below for synonymy) NT01
                           |       |--+--Isanopus sallaei BC16
                           |       |  `--+--Nordus fungicola BC16
                           |       |     `--Plociopterus BC16
                           |       `--+--Glenus flohri BC16
                           |          `--Xanthopygus Kraatz 1857 BC16, GN09 (see below for synonymy)
                           |               |--X. chapareanus BC16
                           |               `--X. xanthopygus Nordmann 1837 [incl. X. cacti Horn 1868] NT01
                           `--+--+--Philonthina BC16
                              |  `--Algon BC16
                              |       |--A. hollowayae BC16
                              |       `--A. oculatus BC16
                              `--+--Staphylinina BC16
                                 `--Anisolinina BC16
                                      |--+--Misantlius gebieni BC16
                                      |  `--Hesperosoma pederseni BC16
                                      `--+--Tolmerinus BC16
                                         `--+--Tympanophorus Nordmann 1837 BC16, NT01
                                            |    |--T. concolor Sharp 1884 NT01
                                            |    `--T. puncticollis Erichson 1840 (see below for synonymy) NT01
                                            `--+--Anisolinus BC16
                                               `--Pammegus ruficollis BC16

Acylophorus Nordmann 1837 BC16, NT01 [incl. Amacylophorus Smetana 1971 NT01, Palpacylophorus Smetana 1971 NT01]

Atanygnathus Jacobson 1909 NT01 [incl. Tanygnathinus Reitter 1909 NT01, Tanygnathus Erichson 1839 non Wagler 1832 NT01; Tanygnathinina BC16]

Erichsonius Fauvel 1874 NT01 [incl. Actobius Fauvel 1876 NT01, Sectophilonthus Tottenham 1949 NT01; Erichsoniina BC16]

Trigonopselaphus Gemminger & Harold 1868 [incl. Trigonophorus Nordmann 1837 nec Stephens 1829 nec Solier 1851] NT01

Tympanophorus puncticollis Erichson 1840 [incl. Xanthopygus borealis Hatch 1957, T. borealis] NT01

Xanthopygus Kraatz 1857 BC16, GN09 [incl. Heteropygus Bernhauer 1906 NT01, Lampropygus Sharp 1884 NT01]

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[BC16] Brunke, A. J., S. Chatzimanolis, H. Schillhammer & A. Solodovnikov. 2016. Early evolution of the hyperdiverse rove beetle tribe Staphylinini (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae) and a revision of its higher classification. Cladistics 32 (4): 427–451.

[GN09] Grebennikov, V. V., & A. F. Newton. 2009. Good-bye Scydmaenidae, or why the ant-like stone beetles should become megadiverse Staphylinidae sensu latissimo (Coleoptera). European Journal of Entomology 106: 275–301.

[N90] Newton, A. F., Jr. 1990. Insecta: Coleoptera Staphylinidae adults and larvae. In: Dindal, D. L. (ed.) Soil Biology Guide pp. 1137–1174. John Wiley & Sones: New York.

[NT01] Newton, A. F., M. K. Thayer, J. S. Ashe & D. S. Chandler. 2001. Staphylinidae Latreille, 1802. In: Arnett, R. H., Jr & M. C. Thomas (eds) American Beetles vol. 1. Archostemata, Myxophaga, Adephaga, Polyphaga: Staphyliniformia pp. 272–418. CRC Press: Boca Raton.

Last updated: 16 December 2020.

Paederus

Paederus riparius, from here.

Belongs within: Paederini.

Paederus is a diverse genus of staphylinid beetles, generally coloured in contrasting patterns of red and black. Many species are found in damp habitats alongside rivers or in marshy fields. A number of species produce pederin and other haemolymph compounds that can cause severe dermatitis upon contacting human skin (Newton et al. 2001).

Characters (from Fagel 1961): Pronotum and prosternum not separate; weak prosternal extension; abdomen thick; pleurites well marked; sternite 1 with strong longitudinal carina; median lobe of aedeagus with ventral and dorsal lamella, median opening, parameres generally symmetrical, fused to median lobe over large part of their length and carrying numerous rows of bristles which do not reach the apex.

Paederus Fabricius 1775 NT01 (see below for synonymy)
    |--P. adelaidae Blackb. 1887 M96
    |--P. angusticeps F61
    |--P. australis B35
    |--P. caffer Boheman 1848 F61
    |--P. cruenticollis [incl. P. cingulatus] M96
    |--P. fastuosus F61
    |--P. fuscipes Curtis 1823 (see below for synonymy) F61
    |--P. gestroi M86
    |--P. impressipennis F61
    |--P. littoralis LC20
    |--P. littorarius LC20
    |--P. longipennis G89
    |--P. meyricki Blackb. 1891 M96
    |--P. nigripes Bernhauer 1932 F61
    |--P. nigrolineatus F61
    |--P. obliteratus N90
    |--P. riparius (Linnaeus 1758) B14
    |--P. rudebecki Fagel 1961 F61
    |--P. simsoni Blackb. 1894 M96
    `--P. termitophilus Wasmann 1911 S57

Paederus Fabricius 1775 NT01 [incl. Leucopaederus Casey 1905 NT01, Neopaederus Blackwelder 1939 F61, Paederillus Casey 1905 NT01, Paederomorphus Gautier des Cottes 1862 F61; Paederina]

Paederus fuscipes Curtis 1823 [incl. P. abyssinicus Cam. 1950, P. aestuans Erichson 1839-1840, P. alfierii Koch 1934, P. angolensis Er. 1843, P. erichsoni Wollaston 1867, P. mayumbeanus Cameron 1939] F61

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[B35] Boisduval, J. B. 1835. Voyage de Découvertes de l’Astrolabe. Exécuté par ordre du Roi, pendant les années 1826–1827–1828–1829, sous le commandement de M. J. Dumont d'Urville. Faune entomologique de l'océan Pacifique, avec l'illustration des insectes nouveaux recueillis pendant le voyage vol. 2. Coléoptères et autres ordres. J. Tastu: Paris.

[B14] Bouchard, P. (ed.) 2014. The Book of Beetles: A lifesize guide to six hundred of nature's gems. Ivy Press: Lewes (United Kingdom).

[F61] Fagel, G. 1961. Coleoptera (Staphylinidae): Paederinae. In: Hanström, B., P. Brinck & G. Rudebeck (eds) South African Animal Life: Results of the Lund University Expedition in 1950–1951 vol. 8 pp. 259–295. Almqvist & Wiksell: Uppsala.

[G89] Gestro, R. 1889. Viaggio ab Assab nel Mar Rosso dei signori G. Doria ed O. Beccari con il R. Avviso “Esploratore” dal 16 Novembre 1879 al 26 Febbraio 1880.—IV. Coleotteri. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova, Serie 2^a, 7: 5–72.

[LC20] Lü, L., C.-Y. Cai, X. Zhang, A. F. Newton, M. K. Thayer & H.-Z. Zhou. 2020. Linking evolutionary mode to palaeoclimate change reveals rapid radiations of staphylinoid beetles in low-energy conditions. Current Zoology 66 (4): 435–444.

[M86] Macleay, W. 1886. The insects of the Fly River, New Guinea, "Coleoptera". Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, series 2, 1 (1): 136–157.

[M96] Masters, G. 1896. Catalogue of the described Coleoptera of Australia. Supplement, part II. Dytiscidae, Gyrinidae, Hydrophyllidae, Staphylinidae, Pselaphidae, Paussidae, Silphidae, Scaphididae, Histeridae, Phalacridae, Nitidulidae, Trogositidae, Colydiidae, Cucujidae, Cryptophagidae, Lathridiidae, Mycetophagidae, Dermestidae, Byrrhidae, Parnidae, Heteroceridae. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 21 (Suppl.): 695–754.

[N90] Newton, A. F., Jr. 1990. Insecta: Coleoptera Staphylinidae adults and larvae. In: Dindal, D. L. (ed.) Soil Biology Guide pp. 1137–1174. John Wiley & Sones: New York.

[NT01] Newton, A. F., M. K. Thayer, J. S. Ashe & D. S. Chandler. 2001. Staphylinidae Latreille, 1802. In: Arnett, R. H., Jr & M. C. Thomas (eds) American Beetles vol. 1. Archostemata, Myxophaga, Adephaga, Polyphaga: Staphyliniformia pp. 272–418. CRC Press: Boca Raton.

[S57] Seevers, C. H. 1957. A monograph on the termitophilous Staphylinidae (Coleoptera). Fieldiana Zoology 40: 1–334.

Last updated: 10 April 2022.

Athetini

Atheta fungi, from Insect Foto.

Belongs within: Aleocharinae.

The Athetini are a diverse group of staphylinid beetles, primarily found in humid microhabitats among decaying organic matter. Two genera of Athetini, Termitotelus and Coptotermoecia, are found in association with termites (Seevers 1957).

Characters (from Fenyes 1921; Seevers 1957): Head visible from above; antennae inserted medial to eyes. Antennae 11-segmented; maxillary palpi 4-segmented; labial palpi three-segmented. Tarsi 4, 5, 5-segmented.

Athetini S57
    |--Termitotelus Wasmann 1908 [Termitotelina] S57
    |    `--*T. schultzei Wasmann 1908 S57
    |--Coptotermoecia Oke 1933 [Coptotermoeciina] S57
    |    |--*C. alutacia Oke 1933 S57
    |    `--C. gayi Seevers 1957 S57
    |--Mesaraeus Fenyes 1921 F21
    |    `--*M. laevigatus Fenyes 1921 F21
    |--Falagriota F21
    |--Myrmecopora Saulcy 1864 F21, O86
    |    |--M. senilis Fauvel 1878 O86
    |    `--M. termitophila Cameron 1948 S57
    |--Lipodonta Fenyes 1921 F21
    |    `--*L. veris Fenyes 1921 F21
    |--Lypoglossa F21
    |--Tomoglossa Kraatz 1856 F21, G02 [incl. Noverota Casey 1910 G02]
    |    |--*T. luteicornis (Erichson 1837) [=Homalota luteicornis] G02
    |    |--T. aegyptiaca Scheerpeltz 1963 G02
    |    |--T. arizonica Gusarov 2002 G02
    |    |--T. basicornis (Pace 1985) G02
    |    |--T. brakmani Scheerpeltz 1963 G02
    |    |--T. breitiana (Scheerpeltz 1957) G02
    |    |--T. decora (Casey 1910) [=Noverota decora] G02
    |    |--T. floridana Gusarov 2002 G02
    |    |--T. franzi Pace 1991 G02
    |    |--T. fuliginosa Pace 1999 G02
    |    |--T. heydemanni Lohse 1977 G02
    |    |--T. improvisa (Casey 1910) [=Noverota improvisa] G02
    |    |--T. laeta Eppelsheim 1884 G02
    |    |--T. nepalensis (Pace 1987) G02
    |    |--T. ocularis Pace 1991 G02
    |    |--T. ornatella (Casey 1910) [=*Noverota ornatella] G02
    |    |--‘Noverota’ personata Casey 1910 G02
    |    |--T. subcorticalis (Cameron 1939) G02
    |    `--T. venusta (Pace 1984) G02
    `--Atheta Thomson 1858 [Athetae] G02
         |--A. celata (Erichson 1837) P05
         |--A. convivens Silvestri 1945 S57
         |--A. fungi C01
         |--A. (Datomicra) jantarica Paśnik 2005 P05
         |--A. parva C01
         |--A. silvestrii Seevers 1957 [=A. termitaria Seevers 1945 non Bernhauer 1932] S57
         |--A. syntermitis Silvestri 1945 S57
         |--A. termitaria Bernhauer 1932 S57
         |--A. termitobia Wasmann 1894 S57
         |--A. termitophila Motschulsky 1859 S57
         `--A. triangulum K09

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[C01] Csiki, E. 1901. Bogarak [Coleopteren]. In: Horváth, G. (ed.) Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazása [Dritte Asiatische Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] Band II. Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazásának Állattani Eredményei [Zoologische Ergebnisse der Dritten Asiatischen Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] pp. 75–120. Victor Hornyánszky: Budapest, and Karl W. Hierseman: Leipzig.

[F21] Fenyes, A. 1921. New genera and species of Aleocharinae with a polytomic synopsis of the tribes. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 65 (2): 15–36.

[G02] Gusarov, V. I. 2002. A revision of Nearctic species of the genus Tomoglossa Kraatz, 1856 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae). Zootaxa 30: 1–19.

[K09] Köhler, G. 2009. Heuschrecken (Saltatoria) und Ohrwürmner (Dermaptera) im Immissionsgebiet des Düngemittelwerkes Steudnitz/Thüringen—eine Langzeitstudie (1978–2001). Mauritiana 20 (3): 601–646.

[O86] Olliff, A. S. 1886. A revision of the Staphylinidae of Australia. Part I. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, series 2, 1 (2): 403–473, pl. 7.

[P05] Paśnik, J. 2005. Fossils of Staphylinidae from Baltic amber: A new genus and three new species (Insecta, Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Senckenbergiana Biologica 85 (1): 97–100.

[S57] Seevers, C. H. 1957. A monograph on the termitophilous Staphylinidae (Coleoptera). Fieldiana Zoology 40: 1–334.

Last updated: 25 May 2017.