Lycosa

Female Lycosa godeffroyi carrying an egg-sac, copyright Fir0002.

Belongs within: Lycosinae.

The genus Lycosa has been used in the past for a diverse array of relatively large wolf spiders that construct silken burrows. It is now known to be polyphyletic in its earlier circumscriptions; the genus as currently recognised is most diverse in the western Palaearctic, but remains poorly defined and many species remain to be reclassified. The type species, Lycosa tarantula, is found in southern Europe and was the original spider referred to as 'tarantula' before the name became associated with members of the Theraphosidae. Other members of the genus include L. coelestis, found in eastern Asia.

<==Lycosa Latreille 1804 F08
    |--L. coelestis Koch 1878 PY07, VMP02
    `--+--L. godeffroyi Koch 1865 PY07, MGK03
       `--L. suzukii PY07

Lycosa incertae sedis:
  *L. tarantula (Linnaeus 1758) [=Aranea tarantula] F08
  L. accentuata K01
  L. aerescens S99
  L. affinis Lucas 1846 E12
  L. albosparsa (n. d.) F06
  L. algida H09
  L. arapensis (Strand 1908) [=Tarentula arapensis, Mimohogna arapensis] J98
  L. arenivaga FF99
  L. argenteomarginata Lycas 1846 E12
  L. auroguttata (Keyserling 1891) FM11
  L. avida Walckenaer 1837 N37
  L. baltimoriana M-RL88
  L. bellicosa FF99
  L. biimpressa Lucas 1846 E12
  L. canescens S99
  L. carolinensis C90
  L. ceratiola MC05
  L. corallina McKay 1974 FL13
  L. cuneata K01
  L. cursor K01
  L. dimidiata [incl. L. dimidiata var. virgata Kulczyński 1901] K01
  L. erratica Lucas 1846 E12
  L. erythrognatha Lucas 1836 FM11
  L. exilipes Lucas 1846 E12
  L. felina Koch 1878 MGK03
  L. fulvolineata Lucas 1846 E12
  L. gilberta Hogg 1905 [=Venonia gilberta] YF06
  L. gracilenta Lucas 1846 E12
  L. hawaiiensis Simon 1899 S99
  L. hilaris H09
  L. indagatrix Walckenaer 1837 K92
  L. innocua Doleschall 1859 D59
  L. inornata Blackwall 1862 FM11
  L. ishikariana (Saito 1934) STK06
  L. laeta Koch 1877 E07
  L. lanca Karsch 1879 K92
  L. latefasciata S95
  L. lebakensis Doleschall 1859 D59
  L. leuckartii (Thorell 1870) LF10
  L. malayana Doleschall 1859 D59
  L. malitiosa E95
  L. maura S99
  L. miniata K01
  L. musgravei B96
  L. narbonensis Walckenaer 1806 MGK03 [=L. (Tarentula) narbonensis D59]
  L. nautica S99
  L. nemoralis K01
  L. numida Lucas 1846 E12
  L. oahuensis Koch & Keyserling 1890 KK90
  L. paramushirensis Nakatsudi 1937 N37
  L. pastoralis S95
  L. pilipes Lucas 1846 E12
  L. praegrandis Koch 1836 MGK03
  L. pulverulenta K01
  L. quadripunctata Lucas 1846 E12
  L. rabida FF99
  L. ralphi F64
  L. retiruga H09
  L. rufimanoides (Strand 1908) [=Tarentula rufimanoides] J98
  L. salifodina McKay 1976 FL13
  L. scenica S99
  L. schauinslandi Simon 1899 S99
  L. subantarctica Forster 1964 F64
  L. subaustralis (Strand 1908) [=Tarentula subaustralis, Hogna subaustralis] J98
  L. sylvicola Lucas 1846 E12
  L. taylori S99
  L. thorelli (Keyserling 1877) FM11
  L. timida Lucas 1846 E12
  L. tremens S99
  L. tremula Simon 1899 S99
  L. turbida H09
  L. uliginosa S99
  L. umbrata S99
  L. vagabunda Lucas 1846 E12
  L. valida Lucas 1846 E12
  L. venatrix Lucas 1846 E12
  L. villica Lucas 1846 E12

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[B96] Brunet, B. 1996. Spiderwatch: A Guide to Australian Spiders. Reed New Holland: Sydney.

[C90] Crawford, C. S. 1990. Scorpiones, Solifugae, and associated desert taxa. In: Dindal, D. L. (ed.) Soil Biology Guide pp. 421–475. John Wiley & Sones: New York.

[D59] Doleschall, C. L. 1859. Tweede Bijdrage tot de kennis der Arachniden van den Indischen Archipel. Verhandelingen der Natuurkundige Vereeniging in Nederlandsch Indie [Acta Societatis Scientiarum Indo-Neêrlandicae] 5 (5): 1–60, pls 1–18.

[E95] Elgar, M. A. 1995. The duration of copulation in spiders: comparative patterns. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 52: 1–11.

[E07] Elliott, M. G. 2007. Annotated catalogue of the Pompilidae (Hymenoptera) of Australia. Zootaxa 1428: 1–83.

[E12] Evenhuis, N. L. 2012. Publication and dating of the Exploration Scientifique de l'Algérie: Histoire Naturelle des Animaux Articulés (1846–1849) by Pierre Hippolyte Lucas. Zootaxa 3448: 1–61.

[F64] Forster, R. R. 1964. The Araneae and Opiliones of the subantarctic islands of New Zealand. Pacific Insects Monograph 7: 58–115.

[FF99] Forster, R., & L. Forster. 1999. Spiders of New Zealand and their World-wide Kin. University of Otago Press: Dunedin (New Zealand).

[F06] Framenau, V. W. 2006. The wolf spider genus Venatrix Roewer: new species, synonymies and generic transfers (Araneae, Lycosidae). Records of the Western Australian Museum 23 (2): 145–166.

[F08] Framenau, V. W. 2008. A new wolf spider species of the genus Artoria from Western Australia (Araneae: Lycosidae). Records of the Western Australian Museum 24 (4): 363–368.

[FL13] Framenau, V. W., & A. E. Leung. 2013. Costacosa, a new genus of wolf spider (Araneae, Lycosidae) from coastal north-west Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 83: 173–184.

[FM11] Freire-Jr, G. de B., & P. C. Motta. 2011. Effects of experimental fire regimes on the abundance and diversity of cursorial arachnids of Brazilian savannah (cerrado biome). Journal of Arachnology 39 (2): 263–272.

[H09] Hogg, H. R. 1909. Some New Zealand and Tasmanian Arachnidae. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 42: 273–283.

[J98] Jäger, P. 1998. Das Typenmaterial der Spinnentiere (Arachnida: Acari, Amblypygi, Araneae, Opiliones, Pseudoscorpiones, Scorpiones, Uropygi) aus dem Museum Wiesbaden. Jahrbuecher des Nassauischen Vereins fuer Naturkunde 119: 81–91.

[K92] Karsch, F. 1892. Arachniden von Ceylon und von Minikoy gesammelt von den Herren Doctoren P. und F. Sarasin. Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift 36 (2): 267–310.

[KK90] Koch, L., & E. Keyserling. 1884–1890. Die Arachniden Australiens nach der Natur beschrieben und abgebildet vol. 2. Bauer & Raspe: Nürnberg.

[K01] Kulczyński, V. 1901. Arachnoideák [Arachnoidea]. In: Horváth, G. (ed.) Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazása [Dritte Asiatische Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] vol. 2. Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazásának Állattani Eredményei [Zoologische Ergebnisse der Dritten Asiatischen Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] pp. 311–369. Victor Hornyánszky: Budapest, and Karl W. Hierseman: Leipzig.

[LF10] Langlands, P. R., & V. W. Framenau. 2010. Systematic revision of Hoggicosa Roewer, 1960, the Australian 'bicolor' group of wolf spiders (Araneae: Lycosidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 158: 83–123.

[MC05] Machado, G., P. C. Carrera, A. M. Pomini & A. J. Marsaioli. 2005. Chemical defense in harvestmen (Arachnida, Opiliones): do benzoquinone secretions deter invertebrate and vertebrate predators? Journal of Chemical Ecology 31 (11): 2519–2539.

[MGK03] Marusik, Yu. M., E. F. Guseinov & S. Koponen. 2003. Spiders (Arachnida: Aranei) of Azerbaijan. 2. Critical survey of wolf spiders (Lycosidae) found in the country with description of three new species and brief review of Palaearctic Evippa Simon, 1885. Arthropoda Selecta 12 (1): 47–65.

[M-RL88] Meyer-Rochow, V. B., & A. R. Liddle. 1988. Structure and function of the eyes of two species of opilionid from New Zealand glow-worm caves (Megalopsalis tumida: Palpatores, and Hendea myersi cavernicola: Laniatores). Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B—Biological Sciences 233: 293–319.

[N37] Nakatsudi, K. 1937. Notes on a new genus and two new species of Arachnida from the island of Paramushir, northern Kuriles, Japan. Tokyo Nogyo Daigaku Nogaku Shuho 1 (1): 22–27.

[PY07] Park, Y. C., J.-S. Yoo, M. P. Schwarz, N. Murphy & J.-P. Kim. 2007. Molecular phylogeny of east Asian wolf spiders (Araneae: Lycosidae) inferred from mitochondrial 12S ribosomal DNA. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 100 (1): 1–8.

[S95] Simon, E. 1895. Arachnides recueillis par M^r G. Potanine en Chine et en Mongolie (1876–1879). Izviestĭia Imperatorskoi Akademĭi Nauk” (Bulletin de l’Academie Imperiale des Sciences de St. Pétersbourg), Ser. 5, 4: 331–345.

[S99] Simon, E. 1899. Ergebnisse einer Reise nach dem Pacific (Schauinsland 1896–1897). Zoologische Jahrbücher, Abteilung für Systematik, Geographie un Biologie der Thiere 12 (4): 411–437.

[STK06] Suzuki, S., N. Tsurusaki & Y. Kodama. 2006. Distribution of an endangered burrowing spider Lycosa ishikariana in the San'in Coast of Honshu, Japan (Araneae: Lycosidae). Acta Arachnologica 55 (2): 79–86.

[VMP02] Vink, C. J., A. D. Mitchell & A. M. Paterson. 2002. A preliminary molecular analysis of phylogenetic relationships of Australasian wolf spider genera (Araneae, Lycosidae). Journal of Arachnology 30 (2): 227–237.

[YF06] Yoo, J.-S., & V. W. Framenau. 2006. Systematics and biogeography of the sheet-web building wolf spider genus Venonia (Araneae: Lycosidae). Invertebrate Systematics 20: 675–712.

Last updated: 23 June 2017.