Showing posts with label Discicristata. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Discicristata. Show all posts

Trypanosomatida

Trypanosoma sp. among human red blood cells, from the Centers for Disease Control.


Belongs within: Kinetoplastea.

The Trypanosomatida are a group of micro-organisms parasitic on vertebrates, some of which are known for causing serious diseases.

Characters (from Adl et al. 2012): Eukinetoplastic with kDNA network associated with ciliary basal body; uniciliated with cilium lacking hairs and emerging from anterior pocket, or emerging laterally and attached to body; phagotrophic or osmotrophic; cytostome, when present, simple and close to ciliary pocket; exclusively parasitic.

Trypanosomatida
    |  i. s.: Rhynchoidomonas AS12
    |         Angomonas deanei AS12, C-S18
    |         Strigomonas culicis AS12, C-S18
    |--Trypanosoma [Trypanosomatidae] DF03
    |    |  i. s.: T. avium RN72
    |    |         T. congolense HH09
    |    |         T. duttoni KK54
    |    |         T. equiperdum IHR03
    |    |         T. evansi P09
    |    |         T. grayi C-S18
    |    |         T. fringillinarum RN72
    |    |         T. lewisi A71
    |    |         T. rangeli C-S18
    |    |         T. vivax A71
    |    |--+--T. avium DF03
    |    |  `--T. cruzi DF03
    |    `--T. brucei DF03
    |         |--T. b. brucei PHK96
    |         |--T. b. gambiense PHK96
    |         `--T. b. rhodesiense PHK96
    `--Leishmaniinae AS12
         |  i. s.: Wallaceina AS12
         |--+--‘Leptomonas’ collosoma DF03
         |  `--+--Blastocrithidia culicis DF03
         |     `--Crithidia DF03
         |          |--C. fasciculata DF03
         |          |--C. luciliae PHK96
         |          `--C. oncopelti DF03
         `--+--+--Phytomonas serpens DF03
            |  `--Herpetomonas DF03
            |       |--H. mariadeanei DF03
            |       `--+--H. megaseliae DF03
            |          `--H. samuelpessoai DF03
            `--+--+--‘Blastocrithidia’ gerricola DF03
               |  `--Leptomonas DF03
               |       |--L. peterhoffi DF03
               |       `--L. seymouri LA03
               `--+--Endotrypanum monterogeii DF03
                  `--Leishmania DF03
                       |--L. amazonensis HH09
                       |--L. braziliensis A71
                       |--L. donovani HH09
                       |--L. infantum HH09 [=L. donovani infantum E83]
                       |--L. major HH09
                       |--L. mexicana PF99
                       |--L. tarentolae HH09
                       `--L. tropica E83

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[AS12] Adl, S. M., A. G. B. Simpson, C. E. Lane, J. Lukeš, D. Bass, S. S. Bowser, M. W. Brown, F. Burki, M. Dunthorn, V. Hampl, A. Heiss, M. Hoppenrath, E. Lara, E. Le Gall, D. H. Lynn, H. McManus, E. A. D. Mitchell, S. E. Mozley-Stanridge, L. W. Parfrey, J. Pawlowski, S. Rueckert, L. Shadwick, C. L. Schoch, A. Smirnov & F. W. Spiegel. 2012. The revised classification of eukaryotes. Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology 59 (5): 429–493.

[A71] Askew, R. R. 1971. Parasitic Insects. Heinemann Educational Books: London.

[C-S18] Cavalier-Smith, T. 2018. Kingdom Chromista and its eight phyla: a new synthesis emphasising periplastid protein targeting, cytoskeletal and periplastid evolution, and ancient divergences. Protoplasma 255: 297–357.

[DF03] Dyková, I., I. Fiala, J. Lom & J. Lukeš. 2003. Perkinsiella amoebae-like endosymbionts of Neoparamoeba spp., relatives of the kinetoplastid Ichthyobodo. European Journal of Protistology 39 (1): 37–52.

[E83] Ewald, P. W. 1983. Host-parasite relations, vectors, and the evolution of disease severity. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 14: 465–485.

[HH09] Hampl, V., L. Hug, J. W. Leigh, J. B. Dacks, B. F. Lang, A. G. B. Simpson & A. J. Roger. 2009. Phylogenomic analyses support the monophyly of Excavata and resolve relationships among eukaryotic "supergroups". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 106 (10): 3859–3864.

[IHR03] Isobe, T., E. C. Holmes & G. Rudenko. 2003. The transferrin receptor genes of Trypanosoma equiperdum are less diverse in their transferrin binding site than those of the broad-host range Trypanosoma brucei. Journal of Molecular Evolution 56: 377–386.

[KK54] Klemmer, K., & H. E. Krampitz. 1954. Zur Kenntnis der Säugetierfauna Siziliens. Senckenbergiana Biologica 35 (3–4): 121–135.

[LA03] Longet, D., J. M. Archibald, P. J. Keeling & J. Pawlowski. 2003. Foraminifera and Cercozoa share a common origin according to RNA polymerase II phylogenies. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 53: 1735–1739.

[P09] Pape, T. 2009. Economic importance of Diptera. In: Brown, B. V., A. Borkent, J. M. Cumming, D. M. Wood, N. E. Woodley & M. A. Zumbado (eds) Manual of Central American Diptera vol. 1 pp. 65–77. NRC Research Press: Ottawa.

[PF99] Philippe, H., & P. Forterre. 1999. The rooting of the universal tree of life is not reliable. Journal of Molecular Evolution 49: 509–523.

[PHK96] Prescott, L. M., J. P. Harley & D. A. Klein. 1996. Microbiology 3rd ed. Wm. C. Brown Publishers: Dubuque (Iowa).

[RN72] Rutgers, A., & K. A. Norris (eds) 1972. Encyclopaedia of Aviculture vol. 1. London, Blandford Press.