Hybotidae

Drapetis sp., copyright Proctoss.

Belongs within: Empidoidea.

The Hybotidae are a group of long-legged flies previously classified in the Empididae, albeit as a distinct group 'Ocydromiinea'. Males of this family have the terminalia rotated 90° to the right. Within the family, the Tachydromiinae are characterised by wings that lack both cell dm and obvious forks in veins R₄₊₅ and M₁₊₂ (Steyskal & Knutson 1981).

Characters (from Steyskal & Knutson 1981, as Ocydromiinea): R₅ not separated from R₄; Sc ending free in membrane or running indistinctly alongside apical part of R₁, not attaining C; C ending at end of M, or R₅; precoxal bridge reduced; lacinia of maxilla lacking or reduced; palpus removed from stipes and joined to a special sclerite (palpifer); mouthparts movable into anteriorly directed position; fore tibia with gland near base opening posteroventrally; abdominal spiracles with tubiform opening, without microtrichia; terminalia of male twisted to right; female without sclerotised spermathecae.

<==Hybotidae [Ocydromiinea, Ocydromioinea] WT11
    |  i. s.: Trichinites cretaceous GE05
    |         Alavesia subiasi GE05
    |         Electrocyrtoma burmanica GE05
    |         Pseudoacarterus oropaensis GE05
    |         Mesoplatypalpus carpenteri GE05
    |         Cretoplatypalpus GE05
    |           |--C. americanus GE05
    |           `--C. archaeus GE05
    |--Oedaleinae CS09
    |    |--Oedalea ohioensis SK81
    |    |--Euthyneura bucinator CS09, SK81
    |    `--Anthalia lacteipennis CS09, SK81
    |--Ocydromiinae SK81
    |    |--Ocydromia glabricula WT11
    |    |--Hoplocyrtoma SK81
    |    |--Leptopeza disparilis SK81
    |    |--Allanthalia pallida SK81
    |    |--Trichina SK81
    |    |--Chvalaea CS09
    |    `--Oropezella CS09
    |--Hybotinae BLM02
    |    |--Bicellaria [Bicellariini] CS09
    |    |    `--B. uvens SK81
    |    `--Hybotini CS09
    |         |--Syneches thoracicus CS09, SK81
    |         |--Syndyas dorsalis CS09, SK81
    |         |--Lactistomyia CS09
    |         |--Cerathybos CS09
    |         |--Smithybos CS09
    |         |--Hybos WT11
    |         |    |--H. culiciformis WT11
    |         |    `--H. reversus M90
    |         |--Euhybus CS09
    |         |    |--E. purpureus CS09
    |         |    `--E. subjectus CS09
    |         `--Neohybos CS09
    |              |--N. derodactylus CS09
    |              |--N. hallexus [=Euhybus hallexus] CS09
    |              `--N. leptogaster CS09
    `--Tachydromiinae BLM02
         |--Archiplatypalpus cretaceus BLM02, GE05
         |--Tachypeza winthemi SK81
         |--Tachyempis SK81
         |--Charadrodromia SK81
         |--Megagrapha pubescens SK81
         |--Symballophthalmus masoni SK81
         |--Baeodromia pleuritica [=Stilpon pleuriticus] CS09
         |--Crossopalpus scissa [=Drapetis (Crossopalpus) scissa] CS09
         |--Chaetodromia CS09
         |--Elaphropeza CS09
         |--Micrempis SK81 [incl. Allodromia CS09]
         |    `--M. testacea SK81
         |--Chersodromia [incl. Coloboneura, Thinodromia] SK81
         |    |--C. longicornis CS09
         |    `--C. madelinae CS09
         |--Stilpon SK81
         |    |--S. curvipes CS09
         |    `--S. vockerothi CS09
         |--Tachydromia SK81
         |    |--T. albocapillata K01
         |    `--T. maculipennis SK81
         |--Austrodromia CS09
         |    |--A. blomae CS09
         |    `--A. talaris CS09
         |--Platypalpus SK81
         |    |--P. algirus Macquart 1849 E12
         |    |--P. holosericea BM76
         |    `--P. trivialis SK81
         `--Drapetis SK81
              |--D. armata SK81 [=Crossopalpus armata CW09]
              |--D. flexuosa K01
              `--D. setigera K01

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[BLM02] Blagoderov, V. A., E. D. Lukashevich & M. B. Mostovski. 2002. Order Diptera Linné, 1758. The true flies (=Muscida Laicharting, 1781). In: Rasnitsyn, A. P., & D. L. J. Quicke (eds) History of Insects pp. 227–240. Kluwer Academic Publishers: Dordrecht.

[BM76] Bohart, R. M., & A. S. Menke. 1976. Sphecid Wasps of the World. University of California Press: Berkeley.

[CS09] Cumming, J. M., & B. J. Sinclair. 2009. Empididae (dance flies, balloon flies, predaceous flies). In: Brown, B. V., A. Borkent, J. M. Cumming, D. M. Wood, N. E. Woodley & M. A. Zumbado (eds) Manual of Central American Diptera vol. 1 pp. 653–670. NRC Research Press: Ottawa.

[CW09] Cumming, J. M., & D. M. Wood. 2009. Adult morphology and terminology. In: Brown, B. V., A. Borkent, J. M. Cumming, D. M. Wood, N. E. Woodley & M. A. Zumbado (eds) Manual of Central American Diptera vol. 1 pp. 9–50. NRC Research Press: Ottawa.

[E12] Evenhuis, N. L. 2012. Publication and dating of the Exploration Scientifique de l’Algérie: Histoire Naturelle des Animaux Articulés (1846–1849) by Pierre Hippolyte Lucas. Zootaxa 3448: 1–61.

[GE05] Grimaldi, D., & M. S. Engel. 2005. Evolution of the Insects. Cambridge University Press: New York.

[K01] Kertész, K. 1901. Legyek [Dipteren]. In: Horváth, G. (ed.) Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazása [Dritte Asiatische Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] vol. 2. Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazásának Állattani Eredményei [Zoologische Ergebnisse der Dritten Asiatischen Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] pp. 179–201. Victor Hornyánszky: Budapest, and Karl W. Hierseman: Leipzig.

[M90] McAlpine, J. F. 1990. Insecta: Diptera adults. In: Dindal, D. L. (ed.) Soil Biology Guide pp. 1211–1252. John Wiley & Sones: New York.

[SK81] Steyskal, G. C., & L. V. Knutson. 1981. Empididae. In: McAlpine, J. F., B. V. Peterson, G. E. Shewell, H. J. Teskey, J. R. Vockeroth & D. S. Wood (eds) Manual of Nearctic Diptera vol. 1 pp. 607–624. Research Branch, Agriculture Canada.

[WT11] Wiegmann, B. M., M. D. Trautwein, I. S. Winkler, N. B. Barr, J.-W. Kim, C. Lambkin, M. A. Bertone, B. K. Cassel, K. M. Bayless, A. M. Heimberg, B. M. Wheeler, K. J. Peterson, T. Pape, B. J. Sinclair, J. H. Skevington, V. Blagoderov, J. Caravas, S. N. Kutty, U. Schmidt-Ott, G. E. Kampmeier, F. C. Thompson, D. A. Grimaldi, A. T. Beckenbach, G. W. Courtney, M. Friedrich, R. Meier & D. K. Yeates. 2011. Episodic radiations in the fly tree of life. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 108 (14): 5690–5695.

Last updated: 14 June 2018.