Exoristinae

Exorista larvarum, copyright James K. Lindsey.

Belongs within: Tachinidae.
Contains: Drino.

The Exoristinae are a poorly defined group of parasitoid flies, most of which possess setae on the prosternum (Wood & Zumbado 2010).

<==Exoristinae [Goniinae] A71
    |--Ethillini WZ10
    |--Neothelairini WZ10
    |--Masiphyini WZ10
    |    |--Masiphya confusa W87
    |    `--Mystacomyia WZ10
    |         |--M. rubriventris WZ10
    |         `--M. scordala W87
    |--Goniini KN03
    |    |--Elodia flavipalpis KN03
    |    `--Gonia WZ10
    |         |--G. capitata K01
    |         `--G. frontosa WZ10
    |--Lydella [Eryciini] WZ10
    |    |--L. grisescens A71
    |    |--L. jalisco WZ10
    |    |--L. minensis WZ10
    |    `--L. thompsoni WZ10
    |--Winthemiini WZ10
    |    |--Avibrissosturmia WZ10
    |    |--Nemorilla floralis WZ10, W87
    |    |--Triodontopyga flavolimbata WZ10
    |    |--Hemisturmia WZ10
    |    |    |--H. parva [incl. H. tortricis] WZ10
    |    |    |--H. scissilis [=Pseudolomyia scissilis] W87
    |    |    `--H. tenuipalpis WZ10
    |    `--Winthemia WZ10
    |         |--W. antennalis W87
    |         |--W. bohemani P93
    |         |--W. cruentata P93
    |         |--W. rufiventris P93
    |         `--W. rufopicta WZ10
    |--Exoristini WZ10
    |    |--Austrophorocera complicata WZ10
    |    |--Phorocera webberi W87
    |    |--Chetogena [incl. Spoggosia, Stomatomyia] WZ10
    |    |    |--‘Stomatomyia’ floridensis W01
    |    |    |--C. gelida BW09
    |    |    `--C. tachinomoides WZ10
    |    `--Exorista WT11
    |         |--E. fasciata P93
    |         |--E. grandis P93
    |         |--E. larvarum WT11
    |         |--E. mella W87
    |         |--E. nigripalpis Macquart 1849 E12
    |         `--E. sorbillans P93
    `--Blondeliini WZ10
         |--Celatoria diabroticae WZ10
         |--Phyllophilopsis nitens WZ10
         |--Calodexia WZ10
         |--Euhalidaya genalis WZ10
         |--Medina barbata W87, WZ10
         |--Belida dexina W87
         |--Cryptomeigenia theutis W87, WZ10
         |--Compsilura concinnata W87
         |--Vibrissina hylotomae W87, WZ10
         |--Istocheta aldrichi W87
         |--Thelairodoria setinervis WZ10
         |--Policheta crassispinosa W87
         |--Sphaerina linearis W87
         |--Phasmophaga antennalis W87
         |--Admontia degeerioides W87, WZ10
         |--Eribella exilis W87, WZ10
         |--Anoxynops aldrichi W87
         |--Ligeria latigena W87
         |--Steleoneura novemmaculata W87
         |--Enrogalia morigera W87
         |--Erynniopsis antennata W87
         |--Meigenielloides cinerea W87
         |--Picconia derisa W87
         |--Prodegeeria W87
         |--Calolydella lathami W87, WZ10
         |--Blondelia WZ10
         |    |--B. hyphantriae WZ10
         |    `--B. nigripes P93
         |--Trigonospila WZ10
         |    |--T. brevifacies WFS04
         |    `--T. verticalis WZ10
         |--Anisia WZ10
         |    |--A. flaveola WZ10
         |    `--A. optata WZ10
         |--Meigenia W87
         |    |--M. bisignata K01
         |    `--M. submissa W87
         |--Zaira W87
         |    |--Z. cinerea WZ10
         |    `--Z. eleodivora W87
         |--Oxynops W87
         |    |--O. anthracinus WZ10
         |    `--O. macrocera WZ10
         |--Chaetostigmoptera W87
         |    |--C. crassinervis WZ10
         |    `--C. manca W87
         |--Opsomeigenia W87
         |    |--O. pusilla W87
         |    `--O. vexans W87
         |--Oswaldia W87
         |    |--O. albifacies W87
         |    |--O. assimilis W87
         |    `--O. spectabilis P93
         |--Eucelatoria WZ10
         |    |--E. armigera WZ10
         |    |--E. leucophaeata WZ10
         |    `--E. texana WZ10
         |--Dolichotarsus WZ10
         |    |--D. griseus WZ10
         |    |--D. livescens WZ10
         |    `--D. stipatus WZ10
         |--Myiopharus W87
         |    |--M. chrysocephalus WZ10
         |    |--M. dorsalis WZ10
         |    `--M. doryphorae WZ10
         |--Angustia W87
         |    |--*A. angustivitta WZ10
         |    |--A. pallens WZ10
         |    `--A. pallidipalpis WZ10
         |--Chaetonodexodes W87
         |    |--C. marshalli WZ10
         |    |--C. rafaeli WZ10
         |    `--C. vanderwulpi WZ10
         `--Lixophaga WZ10
              |--L. diatreae P09
              |--L. parva WZ10
              |--L. sphenophori WZ10 [=Microceromasia sphenophori Z93]
              `--L. variabilis WZ10

Exoristinae incertae sedis:
  Carcelia reclinata A71, WZ10
  Paraphorocera A71
  Distichona WZ10
    |--D. autumnalis WZ10
    `--D. petiolata WZ10
  Spallanzania hesperidarum WZ10
  Patelloa WZ10
    |--P. leucaniae W87
    |--P. pachypyga WZ10
    `--P. xanthura WZ10
  Houghia WZ10
  Chrysoexorista WZ10
  Hyphantrophaga WZ10
    |--H. angustata [=Zenillia angustata] W87
    |--H. blanda WZ10
    |--H. blandita [=Zenillia blandita] W87
    |--H. scolex [=Zenillia scolex] W87
    `--H. virilis WZ10
  Casahuiria WZ10
  Prospherysa pulverea WZ10, W87
  Gaediopsis WZ10
    |--G. rufescens WZ10
    `--G. sierricola WZ10
  Pseudochaeta WZ10
    |--P. (Pseudochaeta) argentifrons WZ10
    |--P. (Metopiops) pyralidis WZ10
    `--P. (Phaenopsis) venusta WZ10
  Madremyia saundersii WZ10
  Lespesia WZ10
    |--L. archippivora SS96
    `--L. callosomae T81
  Myothyriopsis picta WZ10
  Acantholespesia Wood 1987 WZ10, W87
    |--*A. comstocki W87
    |--A. signata W87
    `--A. texana W87
  Cyzenis WZ10
    |--C. albicans WZ10 [=Monochaeta albicans A71]
    |--C. anassa W87
    |--C. browni [=Zenillia browni] W87
    |--C. festinans W87
    |--C. incrassata W87
    |--C. mitis W87
    |--C. regilla W87
    `--C. ustulata WZ10
  Frontiniella WZ10
    |--F. festinans WZ10
    |--F. mitis WZ10
    `--F. parancilla W87
  Mystacella WZ10
    |--M. frioensis WZ10
    |--M. rufata W87
    `--M. violacea W87
  Eunemorilla longicornis WZ10, W87
  Eumea caesar WZ10
  Eulobomyia WZ10
  Zygozenillia WZ10
  Aplomyopsis polita WZ10
  Choeteprosopa WZ10
  Chaetogaedia analis WZ10
  Leschenaultia WZ10
    |--L. leucophrys WZ10
    `--L. reinhardi WZ10
  Blepharipa WZ10
    |--B. albicauda WZ10
    |--B. fimbriata [=Thysanomyia fimbriata] W87
    `--B. pratensis WZ10
  Atactosturmia WZ10
  Belvosia WZ10
  Ametadoria harrisinae WZ10
  Drino WZ10
  Argyrophylax albincisa WZ10
  Argyrochaetona cubana WZ10
  Atacta brasiliensis WZ10
  Siphosturmia WZ10
    |--S. baccharis WZ10 [=Microsillus baccharis W87]
    `--S. rafaeli WZ10
  Zizyphomyia WZ10
    |--Z. chihuahuaensis [=Drino chihuahuaensis; incl. Sturmia chrysoprocta] W87
    |--Z. crescentis [=Drino crescentis] W87
    `--Z. limata W87
  Sturmiomima WZ10
  Prooppia crassiseta W87

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[A71] Askew, R. R. 1971. Parasitic Insects. Heinemann Educational Books: London.

[BW09] Buck, M., N. E. Woodley, A. Borkent, D. M. Wood, T. Pape, J. R. Vockeroth, V. Michelsen & S. A. Marshall. 2009. Key to Diptera families—adults. In: Brown, B. V., A. Borkent, J. M. Cumming, D. M. Wood, N. E. Woodley & M. A. Zumbado (eds) Manual of Central American Diptera vol. 1 pp. 95–156. Ottawa, NRC Research Press.

[E12] Evenhuis, N. L. 2012. Publication and dating of the Exploration Scientifique de l’Algérie: Histoire Naturelle des Animaux Articulés (1846–1849) by Pierre Hippolyte Lucas. Zootaxa 3448: 1–61.

[K01] Kertész, K. 1901. Legyek [Dipteren]. In: Horváth, G. (ed.) Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazása [Dritte Asiatische Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] vol. 2. Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazásának Állattani Eredményei [Zoologische Ergebnisse der Dritten Asiatischen Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] pp. 179–201. Victor Hornyánszky: Budapest, and Karl W. Hierseman: Leipzig.

[KN03] Komai, F., & Y. Nasu. 2003. Four species of Olethreutinae (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) associated with viviparous seedlings of the mangrove Rhizophoraceae in the Ryukyu Islands, Japan. Invertebrate Systematics 17: 75–87.

[P09] Pape, T. 2009. Economic importance of Diptera. In: Brown, B. V., A. Borkent, J. M. Cumming, D. M. Wood, N. E. Woodley & M. A. Zumbado (eds) Manual of Central American Diptera vol. 1 pp. 65–77. Ottawa, NRC Research Press.

[P93] Pittaway, A. R. 1993. The Hawkmoths of the Western Palaearctic. Harley Books: Colchester.

[SS96] Simberloff, D., & P. Stilling. 1996. How risky is biological control? Ecology 77 (7): 1965–1974.

[T81] Teskey, H. J. 1981. Key to families—larvae. In: McAlpine, J. F., B. V. Peterson, G. E. Shewell, H. J. Teskey, J. R. Vockeroth & D. S. Wood (eds) Manual of Nearctic Diptera vol. 1 pp. 125–147. Research Branch, Agriculture Canada.

[W01] Weissman, D. B. 2001. North and Central America Jerusalem crickets (Orthoptera: Stenopelmatidae): taxonomy, distribution, life cycle, ecology and related biology of the American species. In: Field, L. H. (ed.) The Biology of Wetas, King Crickets and Their Allies pp. 57–72. CABI Publishing: Wallingford (UK).

[WT11] Wiegmann, B. M., M. D. Trautwein, I. S. Winkler, N. B. Barr, J.-W. Kim, C. Lambkin, M. A. Bertone, B. K. Cassel, K. M. Bayless, A. M. Heimberg, B. M. Wheeler, K. J. Peterson, T. Pape, B. J. Sinclair, J. H. Skevington, V. Blagoderov, J. Caravas, S. N. Kutty, U. Schmidt-Ott, G. E. Kampmeier, F. C. Thompson, D. A. Grimaldi, A. T. Beckenbach, G. W. Courtney, M. Friedrich, R. Meier & D. K. Yeates. 2011. Episodic radiations in the fly tree of life. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 108 (14): 5690–5695.

[WFS04] Winks, C. J., S. V. Fowler & L. A. Smith. 2004. Invertebrate fauna of boneseed, Chrysanthemoides monilifera ssp. monilifera (L.) T. Norl. (Asteraceae: Calenduleae), an invasive weed in New Zealand. New Zealand Entomologist 27: 61–72.

[W87] Wood, D. M. 1987. Tachinidae. In: McAlpine, J. F. (ed.) Manual of Nearctic Diptera vol. 2 pp. 1193–1269. Research Branch, Agriculture Canada.

[WZ10] Wood, D. M., & M. A. Zumbado. 2010. Tachinidae (tachinid flies, parasitic flies). In: Brown, B. V., A. Borkent, J. M. Cumming, D. M. Wood, N. E. Woodley & M. A. Zumbado (eds) Manual of Central American Diptera vol. 2 pp. 1343–1417. NRC Research Press: Ottawa.

[Z93] Zimmerman, E. C. 1993. Australian Weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea) vol. 3. Nanophyidae, Rhynchophoridae, Erirhinidae, Curculionidae: Amycterinae, literature consulted. CSIRO Australia.