Exoristinae

Australian leafroller tachinid Trigonospila brevifacies, copyright Katja Schulz.

Belongs within: Tachinidae.
Contains: Ethillini, Winthemiini, Exoristini, Blondeliini, Eryciini.

The Exoristinae are a poorly defined group of parasitoid flies, most of which possess setae on the prosternum. Members include both oviparous and ovolarviparous species with phylogenetic analysis suggesting multiple origins of ovolarviparity from oviparous ancestors and vice versa. The ancestral hosts of Exoristinae were likely to be Lepidoptera with, again, multiple transitions to other hosts such as Coleoptera or Orthoptera (Stireman et al. 2019).

<==Exoristinae [Goniidae, Goniinae] WZ10
    |--Trigonospila SC19
    |    |--T. brevifacies WFS04
    |    |--T. cingulata SC19
    |    `--T. verticalis WZ10
    `--+--Ethillini SC19
       `--+--Winthemiini SC19
          `--+--+--Gastrolepta anthracina SC19
             |  `--+--Uromedina SC19
             |     `--Phyllophilopsis nitens SC19, WZ10
             `--+--+--Staurocheta albocingulata SC19
                |  `--Exoristini SC19
                `--+--Blondeliini SC19
                   `--Eryciini SC19

Exoristinae incertae sedis:
  Myothyriopsis picta WZ10
  Acantholespesia Wood 1987 WZ10, W87
    |--*A. comstocki W87
    |--A. signata W87
    `--A. texana W87
  Cyzenis WZ10
    |--C. albicans WZ10 [=Monochaeta albicans A71]
    |--C. anassa W87
    |--C. browni [=Zenillia browni] W87
    |--C. festinans W87
    |--C. incrassata W87
    |--C. mitis W87
    |--C. regilla W87
    `--C. ustulata WZ10
  Eunemorilla longicornis WZ10, W87
  Zygozenillia WZ10
  Aplomyopsis polita WZ10
  Choeteprosopa WZ10
  Atactosturmia WZ10
  Argyrochaetona cubana WZ10
  Atacta brasiliensis WZ10
  Zizyphomyia WZ10
    |--Z. chihuahuaensis [=Drino chihuahuaensis; incl. Sturmia chrysoprocta] W87
    |--Z. crescentis [=Drino crescentis] W87
    `--Z. limata W87
  Sturmiomima WZ10
  Neothelairini WZ10
  Sturmiini F92
    |--Sturmiopsis Townsend 1916 F92
    |    `--*S. inferens Townsend 1916 F92
    `--Pseudoperichaeta Brauer & Bergenstamm 1889 F92
         |--*P. palesoidea F92
         `--P. nigrolineata Walker 1853 (see below for synonymy) F92

Pseudoperichaeta nigrolineata Walker 1853 [incl. Phorocera atripalpis Rondani 1868, Ps. insidiosa, Ph. pumilio Aldrich 1933] F92

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[A71] Askew, R. R. 1971. Parasitic Insects. Heinemann Educational Books: London.

[F92] Fan Z. 1992. Key to the Common Flies of China 2^nd ed. Science Press: Beijing.

[SC19] Stireman, J. O., III, P. Cerretti, J. E. O'Hara, J. D. Blaschke & J. K. Moulton. 2019. Molecular phylogeny and evolution of world Tachinidae (Diptera). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 139: 106358.

[WFS04] Winks, C. J., S. V. Fowler & L. A. Smith. 2004. Invertebrate fauna of boneseed, Chrysanthemoides monilifera ssp. monilifera (L.) T. Norl. (Asteraceae: Calenduleae), an invasive weed in New Zealand. New Zealand Entomologist 27: 61–72.

[W87] Wood, D. M. 1987. Tachinidae. In: McAlpine, J. F. (ed.) Manual of Nearctic Diptera vol. 2 pp. 1193–1269. Research Branch, Agriculture Canada.

[WZ10] Wood, D. M., & M. A. Zumbado. 2010. Tachinidae (tachinid flies, parasitic flies). In: Brown, B. V., A. Borkent, J. M. Cumming, D. M. Wood, N. E. Woodley & M. A. Zumbado (eds) Manual of Central American Diptera vol. 2 pp. 1343–1417. NRC Research Press: Ottawa.

Last updated: 3 July 2021.