Gustavioidea

Gustavia microcephala, copyright R. Penttinen.

Belongs within: Brachypylina.
Contains: Xenillus, Liacarus (Liacarus), Dorycranosus, Furcoppia, Cultroribula, Ceratoppia.

The Gustavioidea are a morphologically diverse group of oribatids of uncertain affinities. They include the genus Gustavia, unique among oribatids in having styliform chelicerae with the fixed digit absent and the elongate movable digit distally serrate. It has been suggested that these chelicerae may be used to scrape bacterial fiels from damp substrates (Norton and Behan-Pelletier 2009).

Members of the families Astegistidae, Liacaridae and Xenillidae have chelate-dentate chelicerae. The Astegistidae have large genital plates, with the distance between the genital and anal plates usually less than the length of the anal plates. They are cosmopolitan, being most diverse in warm temperate regions of the world (Norton & Behan-Pelletier 2009). Astegistes, Furcoppia, Furcoribula and Maorizetes ferox have tridactyle legs; the remaining genera of Astegistidae are monodactyle. The Chilean genus Lamellozetes has extremely long lamellae that are longer than the underlying prodorsum (Balogh & Balogh 1992).

The Xenillidae are characterised by a strongly sculptured integument, in contrast to the smooth integument of the Liacaridae (Woolley & Higgins 1966). Xenilloides aenigmaticus has the prodorsal lamellae represented by two short converging costulae only, in contrast to the well-developed, apically fused lamellae of Xenillus. Most Liacaridae have the lamellae touching or fused medially but Planoristes acuspidatus has them well separated (Balogh & Balogh 1992).

The Peloppiidae is a morphologically diverse cosmopolitan family of oribatid mites, often with pelopsiform chelicerae (Norton & Behan-Pelletier 2009). The genera Ceratorchestes and Negroppia have particularly elongated epimeral regions, such that the venter of the podosoma is much longer than that of the opisthosoma (vs the converse in other genera) (Balogh & Balogh 1992).

Gustavioidea PL17
    |--Gustavia Krammer 1879 [incl. Neozetes Berlese 1885, Serrarius Michael 1883; Gustaviidae, Serrariinae] S04
    |    |--G. microcephala (Nicolet 1855) S04 (see below for synonymy)
    |    |--G. aethiopica Mahunka 1982 S04
    |    |--G. fusifer (Koch 1841) [=Oribata fusifer] S04
    |    |--G. latolamellata Hammer 1977 S04
    |    |--G. longicornis (Berlese 1904) [=Serrarius longicornis] S04
    |    |--G. longiseta Mahunka 1984 S04
    |    |--G. magnifica Golosova & Karppinen 1984 S04
    |    |--G. magnilamellata (Ewing 1909) [=Liacarus magnilamellatus; incl. Serrarius connexus Berlese 1916] S04
    |    |--G. maior (Berlese 1904) [=Serrarius maior; incl. G. microcephala longirostris Mihelčič 1957] S04
    |    |--G. oceanica Pérez-Íñigo 1987 S04
    |    |--G. parvula (Banks 1909) [=Liacarus parvulus] S04
    |    `--G. rugosa Balogh 1958 (n. d.) S04
    |--Xenillidae PL17
    |    |--Xenilloides Pérez-Íñigo & Baggio 1989 S04
    |    |    `--*X. aenigmaticus Pérez-Íñigo & Baggio 1989 S04
    |    `--Xenillus S04
    |--Liacaridae PL17
    |    |--Opsioristes Woolley 1967 S04
    |    |    `--*O. eurhostus Woolley 1967 S04
    |    |--Planoristes Iturrondobeitia & Subías 1978 S04
    |    |    `--*P. acuspidatus Iturrondobeitia & Subías 1978 S04
    |    |--Birsteinius Krivolutsky 1965 S04
    |    |    |--*B. clavatus Krivolutsky 1965 S04
    |    |    |--B. krivolutskyi Rjabinin 1979 S04
    |    |    |--B. microchaetus Krivolutsky 1967 S04
    |    |    |--B. mongolicus (Mahunka 1964) [=Liacarus mongolicus] S04
    |    |    |--B. monticolus Wang & Shen 2001 S04
    |    |    |--B. perlongoides Hammer 1977 S04
    |    |    |--B. perlongus Krivolutsky 1965 S04
    |    |    `--B. trimucronatus Yamamoto & Aoki 2000 S04
    |    |--Liacarus Michael 1898 S04
    |    |    |--L. (Liacarus) S04
    |    |    |--L. (Procorynetes Woolley 1969) S04
    |    |    |    |--L. (*P.) nigerrimus Berlese 1916 S04
    |    |    |    |--L. (P.) andinus (Balogh 1984) [=Procorynetes andinus] S04
    |    |    |    |--L. (P.) breviclavatus Aoki 1970 S04
    |    |    |    |--L. (P.) clavatus Fujikawa & Aoki 1970 S04
    |    |    |    |--L. (P.) espeletiae (Balogh 1984) [=Procorynetes espeletiae] S04
    |    |    |    |--L. (P.) globifer (Kramer 1897) [=Leiosoma globiferum] S04
    |    |    |    `--L. (P.) tsendsureni (Bayartogtokh 1998) [=Procorynetes tsendsureni] S04
    |    |    `--L. (Rhaphidosus Woolley 1969 S04
    |    |         |--L. (*R.) carolinensis Banks 1906 S04
    |    |         |--L. (R.) acuminatus (Woolley 1969) [=Rhaphidosus acuminatus] S04
    |    |         |--L. (R.) alticola (Balogh 1984) [=Rhaphidosus alticola] S04
    |    |         |--L. (R.) bacillatus Fujikawa & Aoki 1970 S04
    |    |         `--L. (R.) carbonarius (Banks 1906) [=Notaspis carbonaria] S04
    |    `--Dorycranosus NB-P09
    |--Astegistidae EK12
    |    |--Cultroribella Mahunka 1985 S04
    |    |    `--*C. lineata Mahunka 1985 S04
    |    |--Quadroribula Balogh & Balogh 1992 S04
    |    |    `--*Q. quadrisetosa (Balogh & Balogh 1983) [=Cultroribula quadrisetosa] S04
    |    |--Sulcoribula Hammer 1971 S04
    |    |    `--*S. laticuspidata Hammer 1971 S04
    |    |--Maorizetes Hammer 1966 [Maorizetidae] S04
    |    |    `--*M. ferox Hammer 1966 S04
    |    |--Monofurcoppia Pérez-Íñigo & Sarasola 1995 S04
    |    |    `--*M. austroamericana (Pérez-Íñigo & Sarasola 1995) [=Furcoppia (*Monofurcoppia) austroamericana] S04
    |    |--Astegistes Hull 1916 [incl. Cultrozetes Sellnick 1922] S04
    |    |    |--A. pilosus (Koch 1841) S04 (see below for synonymy)
    |    |    `--A. hallaensis Choi 1998 S04
    |    |--Lamellozetes Covarrubias 1967 S04
    |    |    |--*L. pseudoareolatus Covarrubias 1967 S04
    |    |    `--L. chilensis Covarrubias 1967 S04
    |    |--Adoristes Hull 1916 NB-P09, S04
    |    |    |--*A. ovatus (Koch 1839) (see below for synonymy) S04
    |    |    |--A. ammonoosuci Jacot 1938 [=A. ovatus ammonoosuci] S04
    |    |    `--A. poppei (Oudemans 1906) [=Liacarus poppei] S04
    |    |--Furcoribula Balogh 1943 S04
    |    |    |--*F. furcillata (Nordenskiöld 1901) (see below for synonymy) S04
    |    |    |--F. bilamellata (Hall 1911) [=Notaspis bilamellata] S04
    |    |    |--F. pacifica Krivolutsky 1975 S04
    |    |    `--F. tridentata Wen 1991 S04
    |    |--Furcoppia S04
    |    `--Cultroribula S04
    `--Peloppiidae [Ceratoppiidae, Metrioppiidae] EK12
         |--Amazoppia Balogh & Mahunka 1969 S04
         |    `--*A. tricuspidata Balogh & Mahunka 1969 S04
         |--Comeremaeus Hammer 1962 S04
         |    `--*C. castaneus Hammer 1962 S04
         |--Dendrozetes Aoki 1970 S04
         |    `--*D. caudatus Aoki 1970 S04
         |--Macquarioppia Wallwork 1964 [=Macquariella Wallwork 1963 non Finlay 1927] S04
         |    `--*M. striata (Wallwork 1964) S04 [=*Macquariella striata CH98]
         |--Metapyroppia Woolley 1969 S04
         |    `--*M. doratosa Woolley 1969 S04
         |--Negroppia Vasiliu & Calugar 1977 S04
         |    `--*N. cornuta Vasiliu & Calugar 1977 S04
         |--Notoppia Balogh & Mahunka 1966 S04
         |    `--*N. humerata Balogh & Mahunka 1966 S04
         |--Ceratoppiella Hammer 1977 S04
         |    `--*C. lutea Hammer 1977 S04
         |--Paenoppia Woolley & Higgins 1965 S04
         |    `--*P. forficula Woolley & Higgins 1965 S04
         |--Paraceratoppia Rjabinin 1982 S04
         |    |--*P. meridionalis Rjabinin 1982 S04
         |    `--P. asiatica (Krivolutsky 1965) [=Pyroppia asiatica] S04
         |--Pseudopyroppia Rjabinin 1987 S04
         |    |--*P. orientalis Rjabinin 1987 S04
         |    `--P. rotunda Hirauchi 1998 S04
         |--Trichoppia Balogh 1961 S04
         |    |--*T. longiseta Balogh 1960 S04
         |    `--T. piriformis (Warburton 1912) [=Liacarus piriformis] S04
         |--Parapyroppia Pérez-Íñigo & Subías 1979 S04
         |    |--P. cornuta (Berlese 1910) (see below for synonymy) S04
         |    |--P. filiformis Hirauchi 1998 S04
         |    `--P. transitoria (Berlese 1908) S04 (see below for synonymy)
         |--Austroceratoppia Hammer 1979 S04
         |    |--*A. dentata Hammer 1979 S04
         |    |--A. japonica Aoki 1984 S04
         |    |--A. sabahna Mahunka 1996 S04
         |    `--A. serapi Mahunka 1996 S04
         |--Ceratorchestes Balogh & Mahunka 1969 S04
         |    |--*C. setosus Balogh & Mahunka 1969 S04
         |    |--C. baloghi Mahunka 1982 S04
         |    |--C. cornutus Mahunka 1982 S04
         |    `--C. globosus Balogh & Mahunka 1982 S04
         |--Pseudoceratoppia Hammer 1967 [incl. Hauseroceratoppia Mahunka 1980] S04
         |    |--*P. sexsetosa Hammer 1967 S04
         |    |--P. asetosa Hammer 1967 S04
         |    |--P. clavasetosa Hammer 1967 S04
         |    |--P. diversa Hammer 1967 S04
         |    |--P. horaki (Mahunka 1980) S04 [=*Hauseroceratoppia horaki BB92]
         |    |--P. mariannae Balogh & Balogh 1983 S04
         |    `--P. microsetosa Hammer 1967 S04
         |--Pyroppia Hammer 1955 S04
         |    |--*P. lanceolata Hammer 1955 S04
         |    |--P. arctica Krivolutsky 1974 S04
         |    |--P. dentata Krivolutsky 1974 S04
         |    |--P. serrifrons (Banks 1923) [=Notaspis serrifrons] S04
         |    |--P. sibirica Golosova & Karppinen 1984 S04
         |    |--P. tajikstanica Krivolutsky & Christov 1970 S04
         |    `--P. ulneungensis Choi 1997 S04
         |--Metrioppia Grandjean 1931 NB-P09, S04 [incl. Peloppia Sellnick 1931 S04]
         |    |--*M. helvetica Grandjean 1931 [incl. Ceratoppia microseta Hammer 1952] S04
         |    |--M. atlantica Jacot 1938 [=M. serrata atlantica] S04
         |    |--M. krivolutskyi Bayartogtokh 2000 S04
         |    |--M. oregonensis Woolley & Higgins 1969 S04
         |    |--M. quadrisetosa Fujita & Fujikawa 1986 S04
         |    |--M. serrata (Sellnick 1931) [=Peloppia serrata] S04
         |    |--M. tricuspidata Aoki & Wen 1983 S04
         |    `--M. zlotini Krivolutsky 1971 S04
         `--Ceratoppia NB-P09

*Adoristes ovatus (Koch 1839) [=Oribata ovata; incl. A. extraneus Mihelčič 1955, Conoppia grandis Berlese 1908, Leiosoma pyrigerum Berlese 1888, L. truncatum Canestrini & Fanzago 1876] S04

Astegistes pilosus (Koch 1841) S04 [=Zetes pilosus S04, Notaspis pilosa G48, N. pilosus G48, Phauloppia pilosa S04, Tricheremaeus pilosus G48; incl. Liacarus bicornis Warburton & Pearce 1905 S04, *Astegistes bicornis S04]

*Furcoribula furcillata (Nordenskiöld 1901) [=Notaspis furcillata; incl. N. bicuspidata Storkan 1925, Eremaeus copulatus Oudemans 1906, Cultroribula confinis magna Ewing 1917] S04

Gustavia microcephala (Nicolet 1855) S04 [=Leiosoma microcephala S04, Serrarius microcephalus S22; incl. Neozetes bicornis Berlese 1885 S04, *Gustavia sol Kramer 1879 S04]

Parapyroppia cornuta (Berlese 1910) [=Oribella cornuta; incl. O. magna Mihelčič 1957, *Parapyroppia monodactyla Pérez-Íñigo & Subías 1979] S04

Parapyroppia transitoria (Berlese 1908) S04 [=Protoribates transitoria S04, Oribella transitoria B16; incl. Notaspis lamellata Ewing 1909 S04]

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[BB92] Balogh, J., & P. Balogh. 1992. The Oribatid Mites Genera of the World vol. 1. Hungarian Natural History Museum: Budapest.

[B16] Berlese, A. 1916. Centuria terza di Acari nuovi. Redia 12: 289–338.

[CH98] Colloff, M. J., & R. B. Halliday. 1998. Oribatid Mites: A catalogue of Australian genera and species. CSIRO Publishing: Collingwood.

[EK12] Ermilov, S. G., & V. B. Kolesnikov. 2012. Morphology of juvenile instars of Furcoribula furcillata and Zygoribatula exilis (Acari, Oribatida). Acarina 20 (1): 48–59.

[G48] Grandjean, F. 1948. Au sujet des aires poreuses respiratoires portées par les pattes chez les oribates (acariens). Bulletin Biologique de la France et de la Belgique 82 (1): 24–30.

[NB-P09] Norton, R. A., & V. M. Behan-Pelletier. 2009. Suborder Oribatida. In: Krantz, G. W., & D. E. Walter (eds) A Manual of Acarology 3^rd ed. pp. 430–564. Texas Tech University Press.

[PL17] Pachl, P., A. C. Lindl, A. Krause, S. Scheu, I. Schaefer & M. Maraun. 2017. The tropics as an ancient cradle of oribatid mite diversity. Acarologia 57 (2): 309–322.

[S22] Schweizer, J. 1922. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der terrestrischen Milbenfauna der Schweiz. Verhandl. Naturf. Ges. Basel 33: 23–112, 4 pls.

[S04] Subías, L. S. 2004. Listado sistemático, sinonímico y biogeográfico de los ácaros oribátidos (Acariformes, Oribatida) del mundo (1758–2002). Graellsia 60 (número extraordinario): 3–305.

Woolley, T. A., & H. G. Higgins. 1966. Xenillidae, a new family of oribatid mites (Acari: Cryptostigmata). Journal of the New York Entomological Society 74 (4): 201-221.

Last updated: 7 May 2019.