Trichogramma

Female Trichogramma platneri ovipositing on egg of Trichoplusia ni, photographed by Max E. Badgley.

Belongs within: Trichogrammatidae.

Trichogramma is a genus of minute egg parasitoid wasps. Species of this genus are among the most widely used wasps in the biological control of Lepidoptera species.

Characters (from Girault 1918): Female antenna six-segmented; funicle two-segmented, shorter than pedicel; clava solid, without terminal nipple. Male antenna four-segmented, with long and nodular single-segmented clava, clothed with long hairs. Forewings with discal cilia all in straight lines; marginal vein short, more or less equal to stigmal and slightly curved; stigmal vein long with a slender neck; distal venation more or less bowed. Abdomen more or less pointed.

<==Trichogramma Westwood 1833 GM79
    |--T. parkeri MH11
    `--+--T. evanescens MH11
       `--+--T. platneri MH11
          `--T. pretiosum MH11

Trichogramma incertae sedis:
  T. australicum Girault 1912 GM79
  T. brevicornis GJR97
  T. cacoeciae A71
  T. cordubensis GJR97
  T. deion GJR97
  T. euproctidis (Girault 1911) GM79
  T. fasciatum Perkins 1912 GM79
  T. kalkae NS91
  T. minutum Riley 1871 GM79 (see below for synonymy)
  T. retorridum (Girault 1911) GM79
  T. semblidis (Aurivillius 1897) GM79
  T. (Trichogrammatana Girault 1932) G32
    `--T. (*T.) singularis Girault 1932 G32

Trichogramma minutum Riley 1871 GM79 [incl. T. helocharae Perkins 1907 G18, GM79, T. perkinsi Girault 1912 G18, GM79]

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[A71] Askew, R. R. 1971. Parasitic Insects. Heinemann Educational Books: London.

[GJR97] Giordano, R., J. J. Jackson & H. M. Robertson. 1997. The role of Wolbachia bacteria in reproductive incompatibilities and hybrid zones of Diabrotica beetles and Gryllus crickets. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 94: 11439–11444.

[G18] Girault, A. A. 1918. North American Hymenoptera Trichogrammatidae. Privately published (reprinted Gordh, G., A. S. Menke, E. C. Dahms & J. C. Hall. 1979. The privately printed papers of A. A. Girault. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 28: 142–152).

[G32] Girault, A. A. 1932. New lower Hymenoptera from Australia and India. Privately published (reprinted Gordh, G., A. S. Menke, E. C. Dahms & J. C. Hall. 1979. The privately printed papers of A. A. Girault. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 28: 293–298).

[GM79] Gordh, G., A. S. Menke, E. C. Dahms & J. C. Hall. 1979. The privately printed papers of A. A. Girault. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 28: 1–400.

[MH11] Munro, J. B., J. M. Heraty, R. A. Burks, D. Hawks, J. Mottern, A. Cruaud, J.-Y. Rasplus & P. Jansta. 2011. A molecular phylogeny of the Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera). PloS One 6 (11): e27023.

[NS91] Nagelkerke, C. J., & M. W. Sabelis. 1991. Precise sex-ratio control in the pseudo-arrhenotokous phytoseiid mite Typhlodromus occidentalis Nesbitt. In: Schuster, R., & P. W. Murphy (eds) The Acari: Reproduction, development and life-history strategies pp. 193–207. Chapman & Hall: London.

Last updated: 28 April 2019.