Glossata

Dyseriocrania subpurpurella, photographed by Sander van der Molen.

Belongs within: Lepidoptera.
Contains: Exoporia, Heteroneura.

The Glossata is the clade of Lepidoptera in which the mouthparts have become modified into a long coiled proboscis (though this has been lost in various subgroups). Basal lineages of the Glossata are mostly leaf-miners as larvae (Grimaldi & Engel 2005).

Synapomorphies (from Grimaldi & Engel 2005): Nonfunctional or vestigial adult mandibles, lacinia reduced; galeae long, concave and zippped together with rows of minute processes (legulae) to form a proboscis that is usually coiled at rest; larva with a spinneret on apex of prelabial-hypopharyngeal lobe.

<==Glossata [Dacnonypha, Eriocraniina, Haustellata]
    |--Eriocraniidae [Eriocranioidea] GE05
    |    |  i. s.: Mnemonica auricyanea P27
    |    |--Dyseriocrania WRM02
    |    |    |--D. auricyanea WRM02
    |    |    |--D. griseocapitella WRM02
    |    |    `--D. subpurpurella WRM02
    |    `--+--Heringocrania unimaculella WRM02
    |       `--Eriocrania WRM02
    |            |--E. sangii WRM02
    |            `--E. semipurpurella WRM02
    `--Coelolepida GE05
         |--Acanthopteroctetes WRM02 [Acanthopteroctetidae GE05]
         |    `--A. unifasciata WRM02
         `--+--Lophocorona AY04 [Lophocoronidae GE05, Lophocoronoidea]
            `--Myoglossata GE05
                 |--Apoplania WRM02 [Neopseustidae GE05, Neopseustina]
                 |    `--A. valdiviana WRM02
                 `--Neolepidoptera [Monotrysia] GE05
                      |--Exoporia GE05
                      `--Heteroneura GE05

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[AY04] Austin, A. D., D. K. Yeates, G. Cassis, M. J. Fletcher, J. La Salle, J. F. Lawrence, P. B. McQuillan, L. A. Mound, D. J. Bickel, P. J. Gullan, D. F. Hales & G. S. Taylor. 2004. Insects 'Down Under' - diversity, endemism and evolution of the Australian insect fauna: examples from select orders. Australian Journal of Entomology 43 (3): 216-234.

[GE05] Grimaldi, D., & M. S. Engel. 2005. Evolution of the Insects. Cambridge University Press: New York.

[P27] Philpott, A. 1927. The maxillae in the Lepidoptera. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 57: 721-746.

[WRM02] Wiegmann, B. M., J. C. Regier & C. Mitter. 2002. Combined molecular and morphological evidence on the phylogeny of the earliest lepidopteran lineages. Zoologica Scripta 31 (1): 67-81.