Sapotales

Euclea natalensis, copyright JMK.

Belongs within: Ericales.
Contains: Diospyros, Sideroxyloideae.

The name Sapotales is used here for a proposed grouping of Ebenaceae and Sapotaceae, as recognised by Thorne (2000), though these families are included by recent authors in the Ericales. As such, it is a pantropical group of trees and shrubs, with leaves usually alternate in Sapotaceae and opposite in Ebenaceae. Thorne (2000) also included Lissocarpa, a genus of shrubs and trees found in tropical South America that resembles Ebenaceae except for the lack of any indumentum, as a third family of Sapotales. Members of both Sapotaceae and Ebenaceae are grown for their fruit, such as persimmons (Diospyros kaki and D. virginiana) and sapota (Manilkara zapota).

<==Sapotales [Ebenales]
    |--Lissocarpa [Lissocarpaceae] T00
    |--Ebenaceae T00
    |    |  i. s.: ‘Tricolporopollenites’ milonii CBH93
    |    |--Royena T00
    |    |--Maba humilis C16
    |    |--Rhaphedanthe YY22
    |    |--Tetraclis YY22
    |    |--Diospyros K06
    |    |--Diospyrocarpum (Criê) Vaudois-Mieja 1980 CBH93
    |    |--Diospyropsis Korovin 1956 CBH93
    |    `--Euclea JK80
    |         |--E. asperrima CV06
    |         |--E. divinorum JK80
    |         `--E. natalensis JK80
    `--Sapotaceae T00
         |  i. s.: Magodendron H03
         |         Sarcosperma YY22
         |         Diploknema YY22
         |         Labatia YY22
         |         Pouteria YY22
         |           |--P. adolfi-friederici E09
         |           |--P. multiflora SWK87
         |           |--P. ramiflora H11
         |           `--P. sapota H90
         |         Lucunia YY22
         |         Cephalocarpum YY22
         |         Sapota achras C55b
         |         Achras sapota K06
         |         Neohemsleya DL94
         |         Dipholis cubensis J87
         |         Northia fasculata JK80
         |         Palaquium amboinense JK80
         |         Lucuma YY22
         |           |--L. caimito C55b
         |           |--L. mammosa [=Achras mammosa] C55b
         |           `--L. salisifolia BT87
         |         Manilkara K06
         |           |--M. bidentata SWK87
         |           `--M. zapota K06
         |         Chrysophyllum J87
         |           |--C. argenteum J87
         |           |--C. cainito H90
         |           `--C. mexicanum F11
         |         Madhuca JK80
         |           |--M. butyraceae JK80
         |           `--M. indica J07
         |         Mimusops K02
         |           |--M. browniana G26
         |           |--M. elengi JK80
         |           `--M. obovata K02
         |         Bumelia JK80
         |           |--B. excelsa C55a
         |           |--B. socorroensis HSS13
         |           |--B. subintegra J87
         |           `--B. tenax JK80
         |         Micropholis J87
         |           |--M. chrysophylloides SWK87
         |           |--M. garciniaefolia SWK87
         |           `--M. polita JS87
         |                |--M. p. ssp. polita JS87
         |                `--M. p. ssp. hotteana Judd 1986 JS87
         |         Sersalisia sericea LK14
         |         Isonandra gutta C06
         |         Bassia parkii C06
         |         Sapotacites sideroxyloides Ettingshausen 1853 CBH93
         |         Isonandrophyllum CBH93
         |         Sapoticarpum rotundatum CBH93
         |         Sapotispermum sheppeyense CBH93
         |         Sapotaceoidaepollenites robustus CBH93
         |         Amorphospermum H90
         |           |--A. antilogum [=Chrysophyllum antilogum] H90
         |           `--A. whitei H90
         |         Niemeyera chartacea [=Lucuma chartacea, Chrysophyllum chartaceum] H90
         |         Boerlagella Cogn. 1891 KC01
         |         Cornuella Pierre 1891 KC01
         |         Imbricaria Juss. 1789 KC01
         `--Sideroxyloideae A61

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[A61] Allan, H. H. 1961. Flora of New Zealand vol. 1. Indigenous Tracheophyta: Psilopsida, Lycopsida, Filicopsida, Gymnospermae, Dicotyledones. R. E. Owen, Government Printer: Wellington (New Zealand).

[BT87] Baker, E. W., & D. M. Tuttle. 1987. The false spider mites of Mexico (Tenuipalpidae: Acari). United States Department of Agriculture, Technical Bulletin 1706: 1–237.

[C16] Cambage, R. H. 1916. Notes on the native flora of tropical Queensland. Journal and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New South Wales 49 (3): 389–447, pls 57–61.

[C55a] Candolle, A. de. 1855a. Géographie Botanique Raisonée: Ou exposition des faits principaux et des lois concernant la distribution géographique des plantes de l’époque actuelle vol. 1. Librairie de Victor Masson: Paris.

[C55b] Candolle, A. de. 1855b. Géographie Botanique Raisonée: Ou exposition des faits principaux et des lois concernant la distribution géographique des plantes de l’époque actuelle vol. 2. Librairie de Victor Masson: Paris.

[C06] Cheeseman, T. F. 1906. Manual of the New Zealand Flora. John Mackay, Government Printer: Wellington.

[CBH93] Collinson, M. E., M. C. Boulter & P. L. Holmes. 1993. Magnoliophyta (‘Angiospermae’). In: Benton, M. J. (ed.) The Fossil Record 2 pp. 809–841. Chapman & Hall: London.

[CV06] Craven, P., & P. Vorster. 2006. Patterns of plant diversity and endemism in Namibia. Bothalia 36 (2): 175–189.

[DL94] Dinesen, L., T. Lehmberg, J. O. Svendsen, L. A. Hansen & J. Fjeldså. 1994. A new genus and species of perdicine bird (Phasianidae, Perdicini) from Tanzania, a relict form with Indo-Malayan affinities. Ibis 136: 2–11.

[E09] Ensermu K. 2009. Three new species of Acanthaceae from Ethiopia. Kew Bulletin 64 (1): 57–65.

[F11] Fraga, R. M. 2011. Family Icteridae (New World blackbirds). In: Hoyo, J. del, A. Elliott & D. A. Christie (eds) Handbook of the Birds of the World vol. 16. Tanagers to New World Blackbirds pp. 684–807. Lynx Edicions: Barcelona.

[G26] Girault, A. A. 1926. New pests from Australia. II. Privately published (reprinted in: Gordh, G., A. S. Menke, E. C. Dahms & J. C. Hall. 1979. The privately printed papers of A. A. Girault. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 28: 200–202).

[H90] Harden, G. J. (ed.) 1990. Flora of New South Wales vol. 1. New South Wales University Press.

[H03] Heads, M. 2003. Ericaceae in Malesia: vicariance biogeography, terrane tectonics and ecology. Telopea 10 (1): 311–449.

[H11] Hilty, S. L. 2011. Family Thraupidae (tanagers). In: Hoyo, J. del, A. Elliott & D. A. Christie (eds) Handbook of the Birds of the World vol. 16. Tanagers to New World Blackbirds pp. 46–329. Lynx Edicions: Barcelona.

[HSS13] Hirschfeld, E., A. Swash & R. Still. 2013. The World's Rarest Birds. Princeton University Press: Princeton (New Jersey).

[J07] Jadhav, D. 2007. Ethno-medicinal plants used by Bhil tribe of Matrunda, district Ratlam, Madhya Pradesh, India. Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India 49: 203–206.

[JK80] John, J., & K.-P. Kolbe. 1980. The systematic position of the “Theales” from the viewpoint of serology. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 8: 241–248.

[J87] Judd, W. S. 1987. Floristic study of Morne La Visite and Pic Macaya National Parks, Haiti. Bulletin of the Florida State Museum—Biological Sciences 32 (1): 1–136.

[JS87] Judd, W. S., & J. D. Skean Jr. 1987. Three new angiosperms from Parc National Pic Macaya, Massif de la Hotte, Haiti. Bulletin of the Florida State Museum—Biological Sciences 32 (1): 137–150.

[KC01] Kirk, P. M., P. F. Cannon, J. C. David & J. A. Stalpers. 2001. Ainsworth & Bisby's Dictionary of the Fungi 9^th ed. CAB International: Wallingford (UK).

[K02] Krüger, M. 2002. Revision of the Afrotropical Ennominae of the Drepanogynis group IV: the genus Drepanogynis Guenée (Lepidoptera: Geometridae). Transvaal Museum Monograph 13: 1–220.

[K06] Kwiecinski, G. G. 2006. Phyllostomus discolor. Mammalian Species 801: 1–11.

[LK14] Lyons, M. N., G. J. Keighery, L. A. Gibson & T. Handasyde. 2014. Flora and vegetation communities of selected islands off the Kimberley coast of Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 81: 205–244.

[SWK87] Snyder, N. F. R., J. W. Wiley & C. B. Kepler. 1987. The Parrots of Luquillo: Natural history and conservation of the Puerto Rican parrot. Western Foundation of Vertebrate Zoology: Los Angeles.

[T00] Thorne, R. F. 2000. The classification and geography of the flowering plants: dicotyledons of the class Angiospermae (subclasses Magnoliidae, Ranunculidae, Caryophyllidae, Dilleniidae, Rosidae, Asteridae, and Lamiidae). The Botanical Review 66: 441–647.

[YY22] Yampolsky, C., & H. Yampolsky. 1922. Distribution of sex forms in the phanerogamic flora. Bibliotheca Genetica 3: 1–62.

Last updated: 24 March 2021.