Solanales

Montinia caryophyllacea, copyright Alexey Yakovlev.

Belongs within: Lamiidae.
Contains: Convolvulaceae, Solanaceae.

The Solanales is a large clade of flowering plants, with most of its members being divided between the Convolvulaceae, the morning glories and related taxa, and the Solanaceae, including nightshades, tobacco, etc. Other members of the Solanales include the Montiniaceae, a small group of shrubs and small trees with small, waxy flowers found in southern and eastern Africa. Fruits are drupes in Kaliphora but capsules in Grevea and Montinia. These capsules are indehiscent in Grevea and loculicidally dehiscent in Montinia. Hydrolea is a genus of semi-aquatic herbs and shrubs found in tropical Asia and the Americas. Sphenoclea is a genus of erect, succulent annual herbs found in the Old World tropics.

Synapomorphies (from www.mobot.org): O-methyl flavonols present; inflorescence terminal; pollen tube usually with callose; calyx persistent in fruit.

See also: My flower is a trumpet (Taxon of the Week: Solanales).

Solanales [Solanineae]
    |--Hydrolea [Hydroleaceae] LC02
    |    `--H. zeylanica LK14
    |--Sphenoclea T00 [Sphenocleaceae APG16]
    |    `--S. pongatium C55
    |--+--Convolvulaceae OB08
    |  `--Solanaceae OB08
    `--Montiniaceae OB08
         |--Grevea T00
         |--Kaliphora T00
         `--Montinia Thunb. 1776 KC01
              `--M. caryophyllacea OB08

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[APG16] Angiosperm Phylogeny Group. 2016. An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG IV. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 181: 1–20.

[C55] Candolle, A. de. 1855. Géographie Botanique Raisonée: Ou exposition des faits principaux et des lois concernant la distribution géographique des plantes de l’époque actuelle vol. 2. Librairie de Victor Masson: Paris.

[KC01] Kirk, P. M., P. F. Cannon, J. C. David & J. A. Stalpers. 2001. Ainsworth & Bisby's Dictionary of the Fungi 9^th ed. CAB International: Wallingford (UK).

[LC02] Långström, E., & M. W. Chase. 2002. Tribes of Boraginoideae (Boraginaceae) and placement of Antiphytum, Echiochilon, Ogastemma and Sericostoma: a phylogenetic analysis based on atpB plastid DNA sequence data. Plant Systematics and Evolution 234: 137–153.

[LK14] Lyons, M. N., G. J. Keighery, L. A. Gibson & T. Handasyde. 2014. Flora and vegetation communities of selected islands off the Kimberley coast of Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 81: 205–244.

[OB08] Olmstead, R. G., L. Bohs, H. A. Migid, E. Santiago-Valentin, V. F. Garcia & S. M. Collier. 2008. A molecular phylogeny of the Solanaceae. Taxon 57 (4): 1159–1181.

[T00] Thorne, R. F. 2000. The classification and geography of the flowering plants: dicotyledons of the class Angiospermae (subclasses Magnoliidae, Ranunculidae, Caryophyllidae, Dilleniidae, Rosidae, Asteridae, and Lamiidae). The Botanical Review 66: 441–647.

Last updated: 4 April 2020.