Garryales

Coast silktassel bush Garrya elliptica, photographed by Chuck B.

Belongs within: Garryidae.

The Garryales are a group of guttiferous trees and shrubs found in western North America, Central America and eastern Asia. Flowers are small and may be wind-pollinated or pollinated by fungus gnats.

Characters (from the Angiosperm Phylogeny Website): Woody; route II decarboxylated iridoids, gutta present; vessel elements with helical thickenings; fibres with bordered pits; petiole bundles arcuate; sclereids present; hairs unicellular; plants dioecious; flowers small; corolla free; anthers basifixed; pollen more or less atectate; ovary 1-celled, styles branched to the base, spreading, stigmatic much of their length; ovule 1/carpel, apotropous, parietal tissue 3 or more cells across, endothelium absent; fertilization delayed; RPB2 I copy lost.

Garryales
    |--Eucommiaceae K01
    |    |  i. s.: ‘Tricolporopollenites’ parmularius CBH93
    |    `--Eucommia K01
    |--Aucuba [Aucubaceae] K01
    |    |--A. himalaica NDA05
    |    `--A. japonica L03
    `--Garrya [Garryaceae, Garryoideae] K01
         |  i. s.: G. buxifolia H93
         |         G. congdonii [=G. flavescens ssp. congdonii] H93
         |         G. fadyena L03
         |         G. flavescens [incl. G. flavescens var. pallida] H93
         |         G. fremontii H93
         |--G. subg. Garrya L03
         |    |--G. elliptica Dougl. ex Lindley 1834 L03
         |    `--G. veatchii L03
         `--G. subg. Fadyenia L03
              |--G. lauriifolia L03
              `--G. longifolia L03

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[CBH93] Collinson, M. E., M. C. Boulter & P. L. Holmes. 1993. Magnoliophyta (‘Angiospermae’). In: Benton, M. J. (ed.) The Fossil Record 2 pp. 809–841. Chapman & Hall: London.

[H93] Hickman, J. C. (ed.) 1993. The Jepson Manual: Higher Plants of California. University of California Press: Berkeley (California).

[K01] Kårehed, J. 2001. Multiple origin of the tropical forest tree family Icacinaceae. American Journal of Botany 88 (12): 2259–2274.

[L03] Liston, A. 2003. A new interpretation of floral morphology in Garrya (Garryaceae). Taxon 52: 271–276.

[NDA05] Nickrent, D. L., J. P. Der & F. E. Anderson. 2005. Discovery of the photosynthetic relatives of the "Maltese mushroom" Cynomorium. BMC Evolutionary Biology 5: 38.

Last updated: 18 April 2020.