Siphonostomatoida

Specimens of Cancerilla on the disc of the brittle star Ophiacantha antarctica, photographed by Rafael Martín-Ledo.

Belongs within: Podoplea.
Contains: Asterocheridae, Nicothoidae, Dyspontiidae, Caligoida.

The Siphonostomatoida are a group of parasitic marine copepods with sucking mouthparts.

Characters (from Nicholls 1944): Second antenna usually with an exopod; mouth-parts suctorial; maxillae and maxillipeds sub-chelate.

<==Siphonostomatoida [Siphonostoma, Siphonostomata]
    |--Brychiopontius [Brychiopontiidae] BO01
    |    `--B. falcatus BO01
    `--+--+--Calverocheres [Calverocheridae] BO01
       |  |    `--C. globosus BO01
       |  `--+--Codoba Heegaard 1951 [Codobidae] BO01
       |     |    `--*C. discoveryi Heegaard 1951 B88
       |     `--Cancerillidae BO01
       |          |--Ophiopsyllus reductus BO01
       |          |--Parophiopsyllus ligatus BO01
       |          |--Parartotrogus Scott & Scott 1893 BO01
       |          |    |--P. arcticus BO01
       |          |    `--P. richardi BK77
       |          `--Cancerilla IFS01
       |               |--C. durbanensis BK77
       |               |--C. neozelanica BK77
       |               `--C. tubulata Dalyell 1851 IFS01 [incl. Caligidium vagabundum Claus 1889 BK77]
       `--+--Micropontius [Micropontiidae] BO01
          |    |--M. glaber BO01
          |    `--M. ovoides BO01
          `--+--Stellicomitidae BO01
             |    |--Stellicomes tumidulus BO01
             |    `--Onychopygus impavidus BO01
             `--+--Dichelina Stephensen 1933 [Dichelinidae] BO01
                |    |--D. phormosomae Stephensen 1933 BO01
                |    `--D. seticauda BO01
                `--Nanaspididae [Nanaspidae] BO01
                     |--Allantogynus Changeux 1958 BO01
                     |    `--A. delamarei BO01
                     |--Stephopontius Thompson & Scott 1903 BO01
                     |    `--S. typicus BO01
                     `--Nanaspis Humes & Cressey 1959 BO01
                          |--N. mixta BO01
                          `--N. ninae BK77

Siphonostomatoida incertae sedis:
  Scottomyzon Giesbrecht 1897 [Scottomyzontidae] IFS01
    `--*S. gibberum (Scott & Scott 1894) [=Dermatomyzon gibberum] IFS01
  Asterocheridae IFS01
  Dioithona oculata (Farran 1913) IFS01
  Bariaka IFS01
  Jushyus IFS01
  Nicothoidae BH88
  Artotrogidae MD01
    |--Dystrogus uncinatus Brady 1910 N44
    `--Artotrogus Boeck 1859 N44
         |--*A. orbicularis N44
         |--A. australis Wilson 1923 N44
         |--A. gigas Brady 1910 N44
         |--A. latifurcatus Nicholls 1944 N44
         `--A. sphaericus Brady 1910 N44
  Dyspontiidae N44
  Myzopontius Giesbrecht 1895 [Myzopontiidae] N44
    |--*M. pungens N44
    `--M. australis Nicholls 1944 N44
  Acontiophorus Brady 1880 [=Solenostoma Brady & Robertson 1873 (preoc.); Acontiophoridae] N44
    |--A. attenuatus Hansen 1923 N44
    |--A. ornatus (Brady & Robertson 1875) [incl. A. armatus Brady 1880] N44
    |--A. scutatus (Brady & Robertson 1873) [incl. A. angulatus Thompson 1888] N44
    `--A. zealandicus Nicholls 1944 N44
  Archidactylinidae MD01
  Caligoida MD01
  Cecrops K-M02d [Cecropidae MD01]
    `--C. latereilli K-M02d
  Coralliomyzontidae MD01
  Dichelesthium M02 [Dichelesthiidae MD01]
    `--D. oblongum M02
  Dinopontiidae MD01
  Dirivultidae MD01
  Dissonidae MD01
  Ecbathyriontidae MD01
  Entomolepididae MD01
  Eudactylinidae MD01
  Euryphoridae MD01
  Hatschekia K-M02c [Hatschekiidae MD01]
    `--H. reinhardtii K-M02c
  Hyponeoidae MD01
  Kroyeriidae MD01
  Lernaeopoda B02 [Lernaeopodidae MD01]
    `--L. centroscyllii B02
  Lernanthropus D83 [Lernanthropidae MD01]
    |--L. gisleri D83
    |--L. pomatomi K-M02a
    |--L. trachuri K-M02b
    `--L. tylosuri C02
  Megapontiidae MD01
  Pandaridae MD01
  Pennellidae MD01
    |--Cardiodectes H01
    |--Haemobaphaes cyclopterina K-MC02b
    `--Penella W81
         |--P. balaenopterae W81
         `--P. filosa K-M02d
  Pontoeciellidae MD01
  Pseudocycnidae MD01
  Rataniidae MD01
  Sphyrion [Sphyriidae MD01]
    `--S. lumpi K-MC02a
  Sponginticolidae MD01
  Spongiocnizontidae MD01
  Tanypleuridae MD01
  Trebiidae MD01

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[BK77] Barel, C. D. N., & P. G. N. Kramers. 1977. A survey of the echinoderm associates of the north-east Atlantic area. Zoologische Verhandelingen 156: 1-159.

[B88] Boxshall, G. A. 1988. A review of the copepod endoparasites of brittle stars. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Zoology series 54 (6): 261-270.

[BH88] Boxshall, G. A., & K. Harrison. 1988. New nicothoid copepods (Copepoda: Siphonostomatoida) from an amphipod and from deep-sea isopods. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Zoology series 54 (6): 285-299.

[BO01] Boxshall, G. A., & S. Ohtsuka. 2001. Two new families of copepods (Copepoda: Siphonostomatoida) parasitic on echinoderms. Journal of Crustacean Biology 21 (1): 96-105.

[B02] Burgess, G. H. 2002. Spiny dogfishes. Family Squalidae. In Bigelow and Schroeder’s Fishes of the Gulf of Maine (B. B. Collette & G. Klein-MacPhee, eds) 3^rd ed. pp. 48-57. Smithsonian Institute Press: Washington.

[C02] Collette, B. B. 2002. Needlefishes. Family Belonidae. In Bigelow and Schroeder’s Fishes of the Gulf of Maine (B. B. Collette & G. Klein-MacPhee, eds) 3^rd ed. pp. 287-289. Smithsonian Institute Press: Washington.

[D83] Darovec, J. E. 1983. Sciaenid fishes (Osteichthyes: Perciformes) of western penisular Florida. Memoirs of the Hourglass Cruises 6 (3): 1-73.

[H01] Huys, R. 2001. Splanchnotrophid systematics: A case of polyphyly and taxonomic myopia. Journal of Crustacean Biology 21 (1): 106-156.

[IFS01] Ivanenko, V. N., F. D. Ferrari & A. V. Smurov. 2001. Nauplii and copepodids of Scottomyzon gibberum (Copepoda: Siphonostomatoida: Scottomyzontidae, a new family), a symbiont of Asterias rubens (Asteroidea). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 114 (1): 237-261.

[K-M02a] Klein-MacPhee, G. 2002a. Bluefish. Family Pomatomidae. In Bigelow and Schroeder’s Fishes of the Gulf of Maine (B. B. Collette & G. Klein-MacPhee, eds) 3^rd ed. pp. 400-406. Smithsonian Institute Press: Washington.

[K-M02b] Klein-MacPhee, G. 2002b. Jacks. Family Carangidae. In Bigelow and Schroeder’s Fishes of the Gulf of Maine (B. B. Collette & G. Klein-MacPhee, eds) 3^rd ed. pp. 411-427. Smithsonian Institute Press: Washington.

[K-M02c] Klein-MacPhee, G. 2002c. Righteye flounders. Family Pleuronectidae. In Bigelow and Schroeder’s Fishes of the Gulf of Maine (B. B. Collette & G. Klein-MacPhee, eds) 3^rd ed. pp. 560-587. Smithsonian Institute Press: Washington.

[K-M02d] Klein-MacPhee, G. 2002d. Ocean sunfishes. Family Molidae. In Bigelow and Schroeder’s Fishes of the Gulf of Maine (B. B. Collette & G. Klein-MacPhee, eds) 3^rd ed. pp. 603-607. Smithsonian Institute Press: Washington.

[K-MC02a] Klein-MacPhee, G., & B. B. Collette. 2002a. Scorpionfishes. Family Scorpaenidae. In Bigelow and Schroeder’s Fishes of the Gulf of Maine (B. B. Collette & G. Klein-MacPhee, eds) 3^rd ed. pp. 331-338. Smithsonian Institute Press: Washington.

[K-MC02b] Klein-MacPhee, G., & B. B. Collette. 2002b. Eelpouts. Family Zoarcidae. In Bigelow and Schroeder’s Fishes of the Gulf of Maine (B. B. Collette & G. Klein-MacPhee, eds) 3^rd ed. pp. 466-474. Smithsonian Institute Press: Washington.

[MD01] Martin, J. W., & G. E. Davis. 2001. An updated classification of the Recent Crustacea. Natural History Museum Los Angeles County, Science Series 39: 1-124.

[M02] Musick, J. A. 2002. Sturgeons. Family Acipenseridae. In Bigelow and Schroeder’s Fishes of the Gulf of Maine (B. B. Collette & G. Klein-MacPhee, eds) 3^rd ed. pp. 83-88. Smithsonian Institute Press: Washington.

[N44] Nicholls, A. G. 1944. Littoral Copepoda from South Australia. (II) Calanoida, Cyclopoida, Notodelphyoida, Monstrilloida and Caligoida. Records of the South Australian Museum 8 (1): 1-62.

[W81] Watson, L. 1981. Sea Guide to Whales of the World. Hutchinson: London.