Pseudorthoceratidae

Pyritised specimen of Pseudorthoceras knoxense. Photo from here.

Belongs within: Micelinoceratida.
Contains: Spyroceras.

The Pseudorthoceratidae were a Lower Silurian to Permian family of 'orthocerid' cephalopods. The relationship of this family to the remaining orthocerids is doubtful.

Characters (from Sweet 1964): Cyrtochoanitic orthocones and longiconic cyrtocones; endosiphuncular annuli developing into continuous parietal endosiphuncular lining, each deposit extending forward or backward from its place of origin to join the next.

<==Pseudorthoceratidae [Mooreoceratidae, Shikhanoceratidae]
    |--Pseudactinoceratinae [Macroloxoceratinae, Pseudactinoceratidae] S64
    |    |--Pseudactinoceras Schindewolf 1943 S64
    |    |    `--*P. promiscuum Schindewolf 1943 S64
    |    |--Bergoceras Flower 1939 S64
    |    |    `--*B. antelope (deKoninck 1880) [=Cyrtoceras antelope] S64
    |    |--Campyloceras M’Coy 1844 S64
    |    |    `--*C. unguis (Phillips 1836) [=Orthoceras unguis] S64
    |    |--Eusthenoceras Foord 1898 S64
    |    |    `--*E. hulli (deKoninck 1881) [=Cyrtoceras hulli] S64
    |    |--Macroloxoceras Flower 1957 S64
    |    |    `--*M. magnum Flower 1957 S64
    |    `--Paraloxoceras Flower 1939 S64
    |         `--*P. konincki Flower 1939 S64
    |--Cayutoceratinae S64
    |    |--Cayutoceras Flower 1939 S64
    |    |    `--*C. casteri Flower 1939 S64
    |    |--Arpaoceras Zhuravleva 1962 S64
    |    |    `--*A. raphaeli Zhuravleva 1962 S64
    |    |--Bradfordoceras Flower & Caster 1935 S64
    |    |    `--*B. transversum Flower & Caster 1935 S64
    |    |--Buchanoceras Teichert & Glenister 1952 S64
    |    |    `--*B. graviventrum Teichert & Glenister 1952 S64
    |    |--Dnestroceras Zhuravleva 1961 S64
    |    |    `--*D. incertum Zhuravleva 1961 S64
    |    |--Metastromatoceras Zhuravleva 1957 S64
    |    |    `--*M. formosum Zhuravleva 1957 S64
    |    `--Stromatoceras Teichert & Glenister 1953 [=Stromotoceras (l. c.)] S64
    |         `--*S. eximium Teichert & Glenister 1953 S64
    |--Pseudorthoceratinae S64
    |    |--Eifeloceras Foerste 1929 S64
    |    |    `--*E. kayseri Foerste 1929 S64
    |    |--Neocycloceras Flower & Caster 1935 S64
    |    |    `--*N. obliquum Flower & Caster 1935 S64
    |    |--Pseudocyrtoceras Schindewolf 1943 S64
    |    |    `--*P. acus (deKoninck 1880) [=Cyrtoceras acus] S64
    |    |--Simorthoceras Shimanskiy 1954 S64
    |    |    `--*S. gracile Shimanskiy 1954 S64
    |    |--Uralorthoceras Shimanskiy 1951 S64
    |    |    `--*U. tzwetaevae Shimanskiy 1951 S64
    |    |--Pseudorthoceras Girty 1911 S64
    |    |    |--*P. knoxense (McChesney 1859) [=Orthoceras knoxense] S64
    |    |    `--P. seminolense Girty 1911 P68
    |    `--Mooreoceras Miller, Dunbar & Condra 1933 S64
    |         |--*M. normale Miller, Dunbar & Condra 1933 S64
    |         |--M. crebriliratum P68
    |         `--M. giganteum P68
    `--Spyroceratinae [Dolorthoceratinae, Spyroceratidae] S64
         |--Spyroceras S64
         |--Allanoceras Barskov 1959 S64
         |    `--*A. inusitatum Barskov 1959 S64
         |--Anastomoceras Flower 1939 S64
         |    `--*A. mirabile Flower 1939 S64
         |--Cryptorthoceras Flower 1939 S64
         |    `--*C. productum Flower 1939 S64
         |--Cyrtospyroceras Flower 1938 S64
         |    `--*C. reimanni Flower 1938 S64
         |--Diagoceras Flower 1936 S64
         |    `--*D. aptum (Hall 1876) [=Orthoceras aptum] S64
         |--Eridites Zhuravleva 1961 S64
         |    `--*E. astrovae Zhuravleva 1961 S64
         |--Euloxoceras Miller, Dunbar & Condra 1933 S64
         |    `--*E. greenei Miller, Dunbar & Condra 1933 S64
         |--Fusicoceras Flower 1939 S64
         |    `--*F. eriense Flower 1939 S64
         |--Geisonoceroides Flower 1939 S64
         |    `--*G. woodae Flower 1939 S64
         |--Gordonoceras Teichert & Glenister 1953 S64
         |    `--*G. bondi Teichert & Glenister 1953 S64
         |--Lopingoceras Shimanskiy 1962 S64
         |    `--*L. lopingense (Stoyanow 1909) [=Orthoceras lopingense] S64
         |--Mitorthoceras Gordon 1960 S64
         |    `--*M. perfilosum Gordon 1960 S64
         |--Palmeroceras Flower 1936 S64
         |    `--*P. fustis (Hall 1879) [=Orthoceras fustis] S64
         |--Petryoceras Flower 1939 S64
         |    `--*P. thyestes (Hall 1879) [=Orthoceras thyestes] S64
         |--Pseudocycloceras Barskov 1959 S64
         |    `--*P. karanglense Barskov 1959 S64
         |--Shikhanoceras Shimanskiy 1954 S64
         |    `--*S. sphaerophorum Shimanskiy 1954 S64
         |--Tripteroceroides Miller & Furnish 1940 S64
         |    `--*T. knighti Miller & Furnish 1940 S64
         |--Cyrtothoracoceras Turner 1954 S64
         |    |--*C. tuberculatum (M’Coy 1844) [=Cyrtoceras tuberculatum] S64
         |    `--C. wrighti S64
         |--Reticycloceras Gordon 1960 S64
         |    |--*R. croneisi Gordon 1960 S64
         |    `--‘Orthocera sulcata’ Fleming 1815 non Modeer 1797 [=Cycloceras sulcatum] S64
         |--Sceptrites Flower 1939 S64
         |    |--*S. sceptrum (Hall 1888) [=Orthoceras sceptrum] S64
         |    |--S. claviformis Flower 1939 P68
         |    `--S. obliquus Flower 1939 P68
         |--Adnatoceras Flower 1939 [=Adnathoceras (l. c.)] S64
         |    |--*A. spissum (Hall 1879) [=Orthoceras spissum] S64
         |    |--A. alaskense Gordon 1957 P68
         |    |--A. cooperi Flower 1939 P68
         |    `--A. naplense S64
         `--Dolorthoceras Miller 1931 S64
              |--*D. circulare Miller 1931 S64
              |--D. crebriliratum P68
              |--D. exile S64
              |--D. medium Gordon 1957 P68
              |--D. revertum S64
              |--D. sociale TM64
              `--D. solitarium Flower 1939 P68

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[P68] Purnell, L. R. 1968. Catalog of the Type Specimens of Invertebrate Fossils. Part I: Paleozoic Cephalopoda. United States National Museum Bulletin 262: 1-198.

[S64] Sweet, W. C. 1964. Nautiloidea – Orthocerida. In Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt. K. Mollusca 3. Cephalopoda – General Features – Endoceratoidea – Actinoceratoidea – Nautiloidea – Bactritoidea (R. C. Moore, ed.) pp. K216-K261. The Geological Society of America and the University of Kansas Press.

[TM64] Teichert, C., & R. C. Moore. 1964. Introduction. In Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt. K. Mollusca 3. Cephalopoda – General Features – Endoceratoidea – Actinoceratoidea – Nautiloidea – Bactritoidea (R. C. Moore, ed.) pp. K2-K4. The Geological Society of America and the University of Kansas Press.