Cerithiimorpha

Rhinoclavis vertagus, copyright Andrew Butko.

Belongs within: Gastropoda.
Contains: Palaeostylinae, Melanopsidae, Procerithiidae, Alabina, Hemisinidae, Pachychilidae, Pickworthiidae, Modulidae, Campaniloidea, Turritellidae, Siliquariidae, Batillariidae, Pleuroceridae, Potamididae, Paludomidae, Thiaridae, Fossarinae, Litiopidae, Diastomatidae, Zaclys, Clava, Bittium, Cerithium.

The Cerithiimorpha are a large assemblage of aquatic (both marine and freshwater) gastropods, combining the modern Cerithioidea, Campaniloidea and their fossil relatives. They have typically have turriform, often heavily sculptured shells with determinate growth, an anterior canal, and a spiral sculptured operculum (Simone 2011). The Late Palaeozoic Palaeostylidae may represent the stem group of the clade.

<==Cerithiimorpha NB00
    |--Palaeostylidae [Palaeostyloidea] PC08
    |    |--Palaeostylinae BR05
    |    |--‘Austronema’ Bandel 2002 non Cobb 1914 [Austronematinae] BR05
    |    |    `--*A. elegantissimum (Yoo 1988) BR17 [=Loxonema elegantissima BR17, Streptacis elegantissima B02]
    |    `--Platyconcha Longstaff 1933 [Platyconchinae] BR05
    |         `--*P. dunlopiana Longstaff 1933 KC60
    `--Cerithioidea (see below for synonymy) PC08
         |  i. s.: Brachytrema Morris & Lycett 1851 [Brachytrematidae, Brachytrematinae, Brachytremidae] BR05
         |           |  i. s.: B. labiosum Deslongchamps 1866 TTE93
         |           |         B. lamberti Cossmann 1913 TTE93
         |           |         B. superbum Zittel 1873 TTE93
         |           |--*B. (Brachytrema) buvignieri Morris & Lycett 1850 BR17
         |           `--B. (Petersia) TTE93
         |                |--B. (P.) costatum (Gemmellaro 1870) TTE93
         |                |--B. (P.) curtum (Zittel 1873) TTE93
         |                |--‘Petersia’ medicinensis Cragin 1894 PH90
         |                `--B. (P.) victrix (Zittel 1873) TTE93
         |         Cassiopidae BR05
         |           |--Paraglauconia Douville 1921 TTE93
         |           |--‘Pseudomesalia’ Douvillé 1916 non Ganglbauer 1900 BR17, BR05 [Pseudomesaliidae]
         |           |    `--*P. deserti Douvillé 1916 BR17
         |           `--Cassiope Coquand 1865 [=Glauconia Stoliczka 1868 non Gray 1845; Cassiopinae, Glauconiidae] BR05
         |                |--*C. kefersteinii (Münster 1844) [=Cerithium kefersteinii, *Glauconia kefersteinii] BR17
         |                `--C. whitfieldi White 1874 W77
         |         Diala Adams 1861 [Dialidae, Dialinae] BR05
         |           |--*D. varia Adams 1861 O27, BD86 [=Alaba varia O27]
         |           |--D. acuta Carpenter 1864 O27
         |           |--D. electrina C64
         |           |--D. exilis Tryon 1866 O27
         |           |--D. mamillata [=Odostomia mamillata; incl. Cingula paupercula] C64
         |           |--D. marmorea Carpenter 1864 O27
         |           |--D. martensii Issel 1869 H09
         |           `--D. monile P95
         |         Eustomatidae [Eustomidae] BR05
         |           |--Diatinostoma euterpe (d’Orbigny 1852) TTE93
         |           |--Eustoma Piette 1855 non Salisbury 1806 (ICBN) BR05
         |           |    `--*E. tuberculosa Piette 1855 BR17
         |           `--Ditretus TTE93
         |                |--D. colloti Cossmann 1913 TTE93
         |                `--D. nodosostriatus (Peters 1865) TTE93
         |         Ladinulidae PC08
         |           |--Ladinula Bandel 1992 [Ladinulinae] BR05
         |           |    `--*L. campana Bandel 1992 BR17
         |           `--Kosmopleura Gründel 2003 BR05 [Kosmopleurinae BR17]
         |                `--*K. hoelderi Gründel 2003 BR17
         |         Maoraxis Bandel, Gründel & Maxwell 2000 [Maoraxidae] BR05
         |           `--*M. kieli Bandel, Gründel & Maxwell 2000 BR17
         |         Melanopsidae BR05
         |         Popenella Bandel 1992 BR05 [Popenellidae PC08]
         |           `--*P. nodosa (Zardini 1980) [=Trachoecus nodosus] BR17
         |         Procerithiidae PC08
         |         Prostylifer Koken 1889 BR05 [Prostyliferidae PC08]
         |           `--*P. paludinaris (Münster 1841) [=Melania paludinaris] BR17
         |         Propupaspiridae BR05
         |           |--Propupaspira Pan & Erwin 2002 BR05
         |           |    `--*P. eleganta Pan & Erwin 2002 PE02
         |           `--Eosinocerithium Nützel, Pan & Erwin 2002 NPE02
         |                `--*E. reticulatum Nützel, Pan & Erwin 2002 NPE02
         |         Scaliolidae [Obtortionidae] BR05
         |           |--Alabina BR17
         |           |--Finella Adams 1860 BR17, BR05 [Finellidae, Finellinae]
         |           |    |--*F. pupoides Adams 1860 BR17
         |           |    `--F. dubia (Orbigny 1842) S11 (see below for synonymy)
         |           |--Sandbergeria Bosquet 1861 TTE93, H77
         |           |    |--S. antecedens (Stoliczka 1867) TTE93
         |           |    `--S. crispicans (Stoliczka 1867) TTE93
         |           |--Obtortio Hedley 1899 [Obtortionidae] BR05
         |           |    |--*O. pyrrhacme (Melvill & Standen 1896) [=Rissoa pyrrhacme] BR17
         |           |    |--O. fulva (Watson 1886) [=Alaba fulva] H09
         |           |    `--O. striata (Watson 1886) [=Alaba striata] H09
         |           `--Scaliola Adams 1860 [Scaliolinae, Scaliolini] BR05
         |                |--*S. bella Adams 1860 BR17
         |                |--S. arenosa Adams 1862 H09
         |                |--S. caledonica Crosse 1870 H09
         |                `--S. elata Issel 1869 BD86
         |         Juramelanatria Bandel 2006 [Juramelanatriidae] BR17
         |           `--*J. rugosa (Dunker 1843) [=Melania rugosa, Procerithium (Rhabdocolpus) rugosus] B91
         |         Hemisinidae BR17
         |         Pachychilidae BR17
         |         Pickworthiidae BR17
         |         Semisulcospiridae [Semisulcospirinae] BR17
         |           |--Semisulcospira Boettger 1886 BR05
         |           |    `--*S. libertina (Gould 1859) [=Melania libertina] BR17
         |           `--Juga Adams & Adams 1854 [Jugidae, Juginae] BR05
         |                |--*J. silicula [=Elimia silicula] B63
         |                `--J. plicefera PM89
         |         Rhabdocolpus Cossmann 1906 B91
         |           `--R. (Infacerithium) klebyensis Gründel 1974 GK02
         |--Modulidae S11
         `--+--+--Campaniloidea S11
            |  `--+--Turritellidae S11
            |     `--Siliquariidae S11
            `--+--Batillariidae S11
               `--+--Pleuroceridae S11
                  `--+--Potamididae S11
                     `--+--+--+--Paludomidae M04
                        |  |  `--Thiaridae S11
                        |  `--Planaxidae [Pianaridae, Planaxina] S11
                        |       |  i. s.: Hinea Gray 1847 P61
                        |       |           |--*H. mollis [=Planaxis mollis] P61
                        |       |           `--H. braziliana (Lamarck 1822) P61 (see below for synonymy)
                        |       |         Supplanaxis nucleus (Bruguière 1789) S11
                        |       |         Styliferina Adams 1860 C64, BR05 [Styliferinidae]
                        |       |           |--*S. goniochila Adams 1860 BR17 [=Alaba goniochila H09]
                        |       |           `--S. turrita Carpenter 1864 C64
                        |       |--Fossarinae BR05
                        |       `--Planaxis Lamarck 1822 [Planaxinae] BR05
                        |            |--*P. sulcatus (Born 1778) [=Buccinum sulcatum] BR17
                        |            |--P. africana Adegoke 1977 TTE93
                        |            |--P. nigritella C64
                        |            |--P. nucleus G79
                        |            |--P. planicostata C64
                        |            |--P. punctostriatus Smith 1872 (see below for synonymy) BD86
                        |            |--P. simplex Mahmoud 1956 TTE93
                        |            `--P. zonatus Adams 1853 H09
                        `--+--+--Litiopidae S11
                           |  `--Diastomatidae S11
                           `--Cerithiidae [Cerithiadae] S11
                                |  i. s.: Agapibittium greveniense GK02
                                |         Specula Finlay 1927 P61
                                |           |--*S. styliformis (Suter 1908) [=Cerithiopsis styliformis] P61
                                |           |--S. canaliculata (Suter 1908) P61 [=Cerithidea canaliculata F27a]
                                |           |--S. dissimilis (Suter 1908) P61 [=Seila dissimilis F27a]
                                |           |--S. mamilla [=Cerithiopsis mamilla] F27a
                                |           |--S. marginata (Suter 1908) P61 [=Cerithidea marginata F27a]
                                |           |--S. odhneri Powell 1927 P61
                                |           |--S. retifera (Suter 1908) P61 (see below for synonymy)
                                |           `--S. turbonilloides [=Cerithiopsis turbonilloides] F27a
                                |         Fastigiella carinata F27a
                                |         Zaclys P61
                                |         Seilarex Iredale 1924 F27a
                                |           `--*S. attenuata [=Seila attenuata] F27a
                                |         Taxonia Finlay 1927 F27a
                                |           `--*T. suteri (Marwick 1924) [=Ataxocerithium suteri] F27a
                                |         Zefallacia Finlay 1927 F27a
                                |           `--*Z. australis (Suter 1919) [=Fastigiella australis] F27a
                                |         Clava F27b
                                |         Hebeseila Finlay 1927 P61
                                |           |--*H. bulbosa (Suter 1908) [=Seila bulbosa] P61
                                |           |--H. halligani [=Seila halligani] F27a
                                |           `--H. huttoni (Suter 1915) [=Seila huttoni] F27a
                                |         Zeacumantus Finlay 1927 P61
                                |           |--*Z. subcarinatus (Sowerby 1885) P61 (see below for synonymy)
                                |           |--Z. diemenensis [=Pyrazus diemenensis] F27a
                                |           |--Z. lutulentus (Kiener 1842) P61 (see below for synonymy)
                                |           |--Z. perplexus (Marshall & Murdoch 1919) [=Ataxocerithium perplexum] F27a
                                |           `--Z. tirangiensis (Marwick 1926) [=Cerithidea tirangiensis] F27a
                                |         Hypotrochus monachus M54
                                |         Pseudovertagus (Pseudovertagus) clava (Gmelin 1791) PC08, BC01 (see below for synonymy)
                                |         Mendax Finlay 1927 P61
                                |           |--*M. trizonalis (Odhner 1924) P61 (see below for synonymy)
                                |           |--M. attenuatispira Powell 1937 P61
                                |           |--M. duplicarinata Powell 1940 P61
                                |           |--M. nucleoproducta Dell 1956 P61
                                |           `--M. stiria (Webster 1906) P61 (see below for synonymy)
                                |         Socienna Finlay 1927 P61
                                |           |--*S. apicicostata P61 (see below for synonymy)
                                |           |--S. aureola Powell 1933 P61
                                |           |--S. elegantula (Powell 1930) P61
                                |           |--S. exaltatus (Powell 1930) P61
                                |           `--S. maoria Finlay 1930 P61
                                |         Sundaya Oliver 1915 P61
                                |           |--*S. exquisita P61
                                |           |--S. campbellica Powell 1955 P61
                                |           `--S. tuberculata Powell 1927 P61
                                |         Lyroseila Finlay 1928 P61
                                |           `--*L. chathamensis (Suter 1908) P61 (see below for synonymy)
                                |         Tasmalira Dell 1956 P61
                                |           `--*T. wellingtonensis Dell 1956 P61
                                |         Exechocirsus subpustulosus Pčhelintzev 1953 TTE93
                                |         Serratocerithium TTE93
                                |--Bittium BR17
                                |--Argyropeza Melvill & Standen 1901 BR05 [Argyropezinae BR17]
                                |    |--*A. divina Melvill & Standen 1901 BR17
                                |    `--A. schepmaniana Melville 1912 TTE93
                                |--Uchauxia Cossmann 1906 [Uchauxiinae] BR17
                                |    |--*U. peregrinorsum (d’Orbigny 1843) [=Cerithium peregrinorsum] BR17
                                |    `--U. wisei Abbass 1973 TTE93
                                `--Cerithiinae BR05
                                     |--Cerithium S11
                                     |--Colina Adams & Adams 1854 [Colininae, Collininae] BR05
                                     |    |--*C. macrostoma (Hinds 1844) [=Cerithium macrostoma] BR17
                                     |    `--C. gracilis Adams 1866 A66
                                     `--Rhinoclavis Swainson 1840 [Rhinoclavinae] BR05
                                          |--*R. vertagus (Linnaeus 1767) BR17 [=Murex vertagus BR17, Clava vertaga H09]
                                          |--R. articulata (Adams & Reeve 1850) BW09
                                          |--R. aspera (Linnaeus 1758) BW09
                                          |--R. bituberculatum Sowerby 1865 WG71
                                          |--R. brettinghami Cernohorsky 1974 BW09
                                          |--R. fasciatus (Bruguiere 1792) BW09
                                          |--R. gemmata C64
                                          |--R. kochi (Philippi 1848) BD86
                                          `--R. sinensis (Gmelin 1791) BW09

Cerithiimorpha incertae sedis:
  Canterburyella Bandel, Gründel & Maxwell 2000 BR05 [Canterburyellidae BR17]
    `--*C. pacifica Bandel, Gründel & Maxwell 2000 BR17
  Cryptaulacidae BR17
    |--Exelissa Piette 1861 [Exelissinae] BR17
    |    `--*E. strangulata (d’Archiac 1843) [=Cerithium strangulatum] BR17
    `--Cryptaulax Tate 1869 [Cryptaulacinae, Cryptaulinae] BR05
         |--‘Procerithium’ protortile Cox 1965 (see below for synonymy) BR17
         `--C. bellayensis GK02
  Lucmeria Gründel 2005 [Lucmeriidae] BR17
    `--*L. angulosa Gründel 2005 BR17
  Probittium Bandel 2006 [Probittiidae, Probittiinae] BR17
    `--*P. madegascariense Bandel 2006 BR17
  Zardinellopsis Bandel 2006 [Zardinellopsidae] BR17
    `--*Z. misurina (Bandel 1992) [=Popenella misurina] BR17

Cerithioidea [Cerithiacea, Cerithiarida, Cerithiiformes, Cerithiomorpha, Entomostoma, Entomostomata, Melanopsoidea, Multispirida, Papillia, Planaxoidea] PC08

Finella dubia (Orbigny 1842) S11 [incl. Bittiolum cerithioides f. warmkeana Usticke 1969 BC01, Bittium cerithioides warmkeana BC01]

Hinea braziliana (Lamarck 1822) P61 [=Buccinum brasilianum H09, Planaxis brazilianus F27a]

*Lyroseila chathamensis (Suter 1908) P61 [=Seila chathamensis P61, Hebeseila chathamensis F27a; incl. S. cochleata Suter 1908 F27a]

Mendax stiria (Webster 1906) P61 [=Newtoniella stiria F27a, Specula (Mendax) stiria F27a]

*Mendax trizonalis (Odhner 1924) P61 [=Cerithiopsis trizonalis P61, Specula (*Mendax) trizonalis F27a]

Planaxis punctostriatus Smith 1872 [incl. P. lineolatus Gould 1849 non Risso 1826] BD86

‘Procerithium’ protortile Cox 1965 [incl. Cerithium tortile Hébert & Eudes-Deslongchamps 1842, *Cryptaulax tortilis] BR17

Pseudovertagus (Pseudovertagus) clava (Gmelin 1791) PC08, BC01 [incl. Cerithium magnum Jay 1836 BC01]

*Socienna apicicostata P61 [=Cerithiopsis apicicostata P61, Specula (*Socienna) apicicostata F27a]

Specula retifera (Suter 1908) P61 [=Bittium retiferum F27a, Cerithidea retifera F27a]

Zeacumantus lutulentus (Kiener 1842) P61 [=Cerithium lutulentum F27a; incl. Cerithidea bicarinata Gray 1843 F27a]

*Zeacumantus subcarinatus (Sowerby 1885) P61 [=Cerithidea subcarinata P61; incl. C. tricarinata F27a]

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

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[B63] Baker, H. B. 1963. Paludomidae (Pleuroceridae). Nautilus 77 (1): 34–35.

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[B02] Bandel, K. 2002. About Heterostropha (Gastropoda) from the Carboniferous and Permian. Mitteilungen des Geologisch-Paläontologischen Institutes der Universität Hamburg 86: 45–80.

[BD86] Barash, A., & Z. Danin. 1986. Further additions to the knowledge of Indo-Pacific Mollusca in the Mediterranean Sea (Lessepsian migrants). Spixiana 9 (2): 117–141.

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Last updated: 14 September 2021.