Neoloricata

Hanleya hanleyi, from Ávila & Sigwart (2013).

Belongs within: Aculifera.
Contains: Leptochiton, Lepidopleuridae, Ischnochitonina.

The Neoloricata are the clade of chitons, including all living species, in which the valves of the shell have a more or less hard inner, semiporcelanous layer (the articulamentum) that usually projects to overlap with adjoining valves (Smith 1960).

Characters (from Smith 1960): Valve structure consisting of periostracum, tegmentum, articulamentum, and hypostracum layers, sometimes also with mesostracum layer; articulamentum usually extending out from under tegmentum in form of insertion plates and sutural laminae.

Neoloricata [Lepidopleurida, Lepidopleurina] SB12
    |--Pedanochiton SB12
    `--+--Permochitonidae BE93
       |    |--Euleptochiton lebescontei (Barrois 1889) BE93
       |    `--Permochiton Iredale & Hull 1926 SB12, S60
       |         `--*P. australianus Iredale & Hull 1926 S60
       `--+--+--Glaphurochiton Raymond 1910 SB12, S60
          |  |    `--G. carbonarius VP17
          |  `--Gryphochiton Gray 1847 SB12, S60 [=Gryptochiton (l. c.) S60; Gryphochitonidae]
          `--+--Leptochiton SB12
             `--+--Chitonida VP17
                |    |--Lepidopleuridae SB12
                |    `--Ischnochitonina SB12
                |--Heterochitonidae [Ochmazochitonidae] BE93
                |    |--Lobarochiton anomalus (Rowley 1908) BE93
                |    |--Ochmazochiton comptus Hoare & Smith 1984 VP17, BE93
                |    |--Allochiton Fucini 1912 BE93, S60
                |    |    `--*A. gemmellaroi Fucini 1912 S60
                |    `--Heterochiton Fucini 1912 S60
                |         |--*H. giganteus Fucini 1912 S60
                |         `--H. vinassai S60
                `--Hanleya Gray 1857 SB12, S60 [=Hanleia (l. c.) S60, Hanleyia (l. c.) S60; Hanleyidae]
                     |--H. hanleyi (Bean in Thorpe 1844) S60 (see below for synonymy)
                     |    |--H. h. hanleyi O27
                     |    `--H. h. spicata Berry 1919 O27
                     |--H. brachyplax Simone & Jardim 2009 S11
                     |--H. multigranosa (Reuss 1860) BE93
                     `--H. nagelfar KC11

Neoloricata incertae sedis:
  Choriplax Pilsbry 1894 (see below for synonymy) S60
    `--*C. grayi (Adams & Angas 1864) [=Microplax grayi] S60
  Afossochiton Ashby 1925 [incl. Telochiton Ashby & Cotton 1939; Afossochitonidae, Afossochitonina] S60
    `--*A. cudmorei Ashby 1925 S60
  Llandeilochiton Bergenhayn 1955 [Llandeilochitonidae] S60
    `--*L. ashbyi Bergenhayn 1955 S60
  Beloplaxus Oehlert 1881 S60
    `--*B. sagittalis (Sandberger 1853) [=Chiton sagittalis] S60
  Glyptochiton deKoninck 1883 [Glyptochitonidae] S60
    |--*G. cordifer (de Koninck 1844) [=Chiton cordifer] S60
    |--G. quadratus (Etheridge 1882) BE93
    |--G. subquadratus (Kirkby & Young 1867) BE93
    `--G. youngianus (Kirkby in Young 1865) BE93
  Lavenachiton Cotton & Godfrey 1940 S60
    `--*L. cliftonensis (Ashby & Cotton 1939) [=Ischnochiton (Radsiella) cliftonensis] S60
  Lirachiton Ashby & Cotton 1939 [incl. Molachiton Ashby & Cotton 1939] S60
    `--*L. inexpectus (Ashby & Cotton 1931) [=Acanthochiton (*Lirachiton) inexpectus] S60
  Oochiton Ashby 1929 S60
    `--*O. halli Ashby 1929 S60
  Protalochiton Rochebrune 1883 S60
    `--*P. setlensis Rochebrune 1883 S60
  Pseudoischnochiton Ashby 1930 S60
    `--*P. wynyardensis Ashby 1930 S60
  Pterygochiton Rochebrune 1883 S60
    |--*P. terquemi (Deslongchamps 1859) [=Chiton terquemi] S60
    `--P. busambrensis S60
  Sulcochiton Ryckholt 1862 S60
    `--*S. grayi Ryckholt 1862 S60
  Trachypleura Jaeckel 1900 S60
    `--*T. triadomarchica Jaeckel 1900 S60
  Cymatochiton Dall 1882 S60 [Cymatochitonidae BE93]
    |--*C. loftusianus (King 1850) S60, BE93 [=Chiton loftusianus S60]
    |--C. howseanus (Kirkby 1857) BE93
    `--C. kirkbyi (de Koninck 1883) BE93
  Lekiskochiton [Lekiskochitonidae] BE93
    |--L. cordatus (Kirkby 1859) BE93
    `--L. fornicis Hoare & Smith 1984 BE93

Choriplax Pilsbry 1894 [incl. Microplax Adams & Angas 1864 non Fieber 1861; Choriplacidae, Choriplaxidae] S60

Hanleya hanleyi (Bean in Thorpe 1844) S60 [=Chiton hanleyi S60; incl. *H. debilis Gray 1857 S60, Chiton debilis O27]

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[BE93] Benton, M. J., & D. H. Erwin. 1993. Mollusca: Amphineura and ‘Monoplacophora’. In: Benton, M. J. (ed.) The Fossil Record 2 pp. 125–130. Chapman & Hall: London.

[KC11] Kocot, K. M., J. T. Cannon, C. Todt, M. R. Citarella, A. B. Kohn, A. Meyer, S. R. Santos, C. Schander, L. L. Moroz, B. Lieb & K. M. Halanych. 2011. Phylogenomics reveals deep molluscan relationships. Nature 477: 452–456.

[O27] Oldroyd, I. S. 1927. The Marine Shells of the West Coast of North America vol. 2 pt. 3. Stanford University Press: Stanford University (California).

[S11] Simone, L. R. L. 2011. Phylogeny of the Caenogastropoda (Mollusca), based on comparative morphology. Arquivos de Zoologia 42 (4): 161–323.

[S60] Smith, A. G. 1960. Amphineura. In: Moore, R. C. (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt I. Mollusca 1: Mollusca—General Features, Scaphopoda, Amphineura, Monoplacophora, Gastropoda—General Features, Archaeogastropoda and some (mainly Paleozoic) Caenogastropoda and Opisthobranchia pp. I41–I76. Geological Society of America, and University of Kansas Press.

[SB12] Sutton, M. D., D. E. G. Briggs, D. J. Siveter, D. J. Siveter & J. D. Sigwart. 2012. A Silurian armoured aplacophoran and implications for molluscan phylogeny. Nature 490: 94–97.

[VP17] Vinther, J., L. Parry, D. E. G. Briggs & P. Van Roy. 2017. Ancestral morphology of crown-group molluscs revealed by a new Ordovician stem aculiferan. Nature 542: 471–474.