Pholidotomoidea

Napulus fragilis, from fossilshells.nl.

Belongs within: Neogastropoda.
Contains: Pyrifusinae, Volutodermatinae, Beretrinae.

The Pholidotomoidea as recognised by Bouchet et al. (2017) include early representatives of the Neogastropoda from the Late Cretaceous. This group is probably not monophyletic and likely includes ancestors of later neogastropods.

Pholidotomoidea [Pyrifusoidea, Sarganoidea] BR17
    |--Weeksiidae BD12
    |    |--‘Lowenstamia’ Sohl 1964 non Stehli 1961 BD12
    |    |    `--*L. funiculus Sohl 1964 RA75
    |    `--Weeksia Stephenson 1941 BR05
    |         |--*W. amplificata (Wade 1926) [=Pseudomalaxis amplificata] KC60
    |         |--W. deplanata (Johnson 1905) TTE93
    |         `--W. lubbocki (Stephenson 1941) TTE93
    |--Pholidotomidae [Pyrifusidae] BR17
    |    |--Pyrifusinae BD12
    |    |--Volutodermatinae BD12
    |    |--Beretrinae BR17
    |    |--Paleopsephaea Wade 1926 BD12 [Paleopsephaeinae BR17]
    |    |    `--*P. mutabilis Wade 1926 BD12
    |    |--Pseudorapa Holzapfel 1888 [Pseudorapinae] BD12
    |    |    |--*P. (Pseudorapa) pleurotomoides (Muller 1851) [=Murex pleurotomoides] RA75
    |    |    |--P. (*Aliofusus) stamineus Sohl 1964 BD12
    |    |    `--P. (Stantonella Wade 1926) BD12
    |    |         |--P. (*S.) subnodosa (Wade 1926) [=*Stantonella subnodosa] BD12
    |    |         `--P. (S.) ripleyana (Conrad 1860) BD12
    |    `--Pholidotominae BD12
    |         |--Pholidotoma Cossmann 1896 BD12
    |         |    `--*P. subheptagonus (d’Orbigny 1850) [=Fusus subheptagonus] BR17
    |         `--Drilluta Wade 1916 BD12 [=Drilliovoluta Cossmann 1925 P66; Drillutinae]
    |              |--*D. communis Wade 1916 BD12 [=*Drilliovoluta communis P66]
    |              |--D. distans (Conrad 1860) BD12
    |              `--D. major BD12
    |--Sarganidae BR17
    |    |--Hippocampoides Wade 1916 RA75 [Hippocampoidinae BD12]
    |    |    `--*H. serratus Wade 1916 RA75
    |    |--Schizobasinae BD12
    |    |    |--Hillites Stephenson 1952 BD12
    |    |    |--‘Natalites’ Bandel 1999 non Collignon 1954 BD12
    |    |    `--Schizobasis Wade 1916 non Baker 1873 (ICBN) BR05
    |    |         `--*S. depressa Wade 1916 BR17
    |    |--Sarganinae BD12
    |    |    |--Sargana Stephenson 1923 RA75
    |    |    |    `--*S. stantoni (Stephenson 1923) [=Rapana stantoni] RA75
    |    |    `--Praesargana Saul & Popenoe 1993 BD12
    |    |         |--*P. condoni (White 1889) [=Trophon condoni] BD12
    |    |         `--P. tupeloensis Bandel & Dockery 2001 BD12
    |    `--Pseudecphorinae BD12
    |         |  i. s.: ‘Trigonostoma’ ripleyana Sohl 1964 BD12
    |         |--Pseudecphora Bandel & Dockery 2001 BR17
    |         |    `--*P. proquadricostata (Wade 1917) [=Ecphora proquadricostata] BR17
    |         `--Blackdownia Kollmann 1976 BD12
    |              |--*B. quadrata (Sowerby 1823) [=Murex quadratus] BD12
    |              |--B. acuticarinata (Rennie 1930) BD12
    |              `--B. kollmanni Kiel & Bandel 2003 BD12
    `--Moreidae BD12
         |--Moreinae BD12
         |    |--Paramorea Wade 1917 BD12
         |    |    |--P. lineata (Sowerby 1836) TTE93
         |    |    `--P. lirata Wade 1917 BD12
         |    |--Morea Conrad 1860 BR05 [incl. Pseudomorea Cossmann 1925 RA75]
         |    |    |--*M. cancellaria Conrad 1860 RA75
         |    |    `--M. marylandica Gardner 1916 BD12
         |    `--Buccinopsis Conrad 1857 [incl. Seminola Wade 1918] BD12
         |         |--*B. perryi Conrad 1857 BD12
         |         `--B. solida (Wade 1917) BD12
         `--Pyropsinae [Pyropsidae] BD12
              |--Hydrotribulus Wade 1916 BD12
              |--Trochifusus perornatus (Sohl 1964) BD12
              |--Hercorhyncus Conrad 1868 BD12
              |    `--*H. tippanus (Conrad 1860) [=Fusus tippana] BD12
              |--Schizofusus Kiel & Bandel 2003 BD12
              |    `--*S. transkeiensis Kiel & Bandel 2003 BD12
              |--Lupira Stephenson 1941 BD12
              |    `--*L. variabilis (Wade 1926) [=Xancus variabilis] BD12
              |--Pyropsis Conrad 1860 BR05
              |    |--*P. perlata (Conrad 1860) [=Tudicla perlata] BR17
              |    `--P. nodifera (Stoliczka 1868) BD12
              `--Napulus Stephenson 1941 BD12
                   |--N. excavatus Stoliczka 1868 BD12
                   |--N. fragilis BD12
                   |--N. reesidei Sohl 1964 BD12
                   `--N. tuberculatus Stephenson 1941 BD12

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[BD12] Bandel, K., & D. T. Dockery III. 2012. Protoconch characters of Late Cretaceous Latrogastropoda (Neogastropoda and Neomesogastropoda) as an aid in the reconstruction of the phylogeny of the Neogastropoda. Freiberger Forschungshefte C542 (psf 20): 93–128.

[BR05] Bouchet, P., & J.-P. Rocroi. 2005. Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families. Malacologia 47 (1–2): 1–397.

[BR17] Bouchet, P., J.-P. Rocroi, B. Hausdorf, A. Kaim, Y. Kano, A. Nützel, P. Parkhaev, M. Schrödl & E. E. Strong. 2017. Revised classification, nomenclator and typification of gastropod and monoplacophoran families. Malacologia 61 (1–2): 1–526.

[KC60] Knight, J. B., L. R. Cox, A. M. Keen, R. L. Batten, E. L. Yochelson & R. Robertson. 1960. Gastropoda: systematic descriptions. In: Moore, R. C. (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt I. Mollusca 1: Mollusca—General Features, Scaphopoda, Amphineura, Monoplacophora, Gastropoda—General Features, Archaeogastropoda and some (mainly Paleozoic) Caenogastropoda and Opisthobranchia pp. I169–I331. Geological Society of America, and University of Kansas Press.

[P66] Powell, A. W. B. 1966. The molluscan families Speightiidae and Turridae: an evaluation of the valid taxa, both Recent and fossil, with lists of characteristic species. Bulletin of the Auckland Institute and Museum 5: 1–184, pls 1–23.

[RA75] Radwin, G. E., & A. D’Attilio. 1975. A catalogue of muricacean generic taxa. Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History 17 (20): 279–292.

[TTE93] Tracey, S., J. A. Todd & D. H. Erwin. 1993. Mollusca: Gastropoda. In: Benton, M. J. (ed.) The Fossil Record 2 pp. 131–167. Chapman & Hall: London.