Oestroidea

Dexopollenia flava, copyright @sabikikori5.

Belongs within: Muscoidea.
Contains: Oestridae, Miltogramminae, Paramacronychiinae, Sarcophaginae, Calliphoridae, Rhiniidae, Bengalia, Tachinidae, Pollenia, Sepimentum.

The Oestroidea are a group of calyptrate flies united by features including a row of bristles on the meron and wings with vein M₁ distinctly bent forward distally. Members of the clade mostly feed as larvae on decaying organic matter or develop as parasitoids of invertebrates; a smaller number are parasites of vertebrates. Females of many species have an enlarged vagina in which eggs may be retained close to or until after hatching into larvae. Classification within the Oestroidea is currently problematic with some historically recognised families (particularly the blow flies, Calliphoridae) being of questionable monophyly.

Synapomorphies (from Kutty et al. 2010): Meron bearing vertical row of bristles; anatergite bearing patch of setulae ventral to proximal rim of lower calypter; distal part of wing vein M deflected forwards to join C before wing apex; phallus bearing cuticular denticles on ventral surface of distal section.

Oestroidea [Calliphoroidea, Tachinoidea]
    |--+--Ulurumyia Michelsen & Pape 2017 MP17 [Ulurumyiidae SC19]
    |  |    `--*U. macalpinei Michelsen & Pape 2017 MP17
    |  `--Mesembrinella SC19 (see below for synonymy)
    |       |--M. abaca VW10
    |       |--M. bicolor VW10
    |       `--M. quadrilineata Fabricius 1805 KP10
    `--+--+--Oestridae SC19
       |  `--+--Mystacinobia Holloway 1976 PG-M04 [Mystacinobiidae KP10]
       |     |    `--*M. zelandica Holloway 1976 PG-M04
       |     `--Sarcophagidae [Sarcophagoidea] KP10
       |          |  i. s.: Athyrsia L59
       |          |         *Mulsantia campestris L59
       |          |         Sphecapata conica BM76
       |          |         Amobiopsis BM76
       |          |--Miltogramminae SC19
       |          `--+--Paramacronychiinae KP10
       |             `--Sarcophaginae SC19
       `--+--Calliphoridae SC19
          `--+--+--Rhiniidae SC19
             |  `--Bengalia SC19
             `--+--Tachinidae SC19
                `--Polleniinae [Polleniini] SC19
                     |--Pollenia KP10
                     |--Sepimentum PG-M04
                     |--Wilhelmina Schmitz & Villeneuve 1932 PG-M04
                     |    `--*W. nepenthicola Schmitz & Villeneuve 1932 PG-M04
                     |--Nepenthomyia Kurahashi & Beaver 1979 PG-M04
                     |    `--*N. malayana Kurahashi & Beaver 1979 PG-M04
                     |--Nesodexia Villeneuve 1911 PG-M04
                     |    `--*N. corsicana Villeneuve 1911 PG-M04
                     |--Anthracomyza Malloch 1927 [=Anthracomyia Malloch 1927 non Rondani 1856] PG-M04
                     |    `--*A. atratula (Malloch 1927) [=*Anthracomyia atratula] PG-M04
                     |--Melanodexia Williston 1893 [incl. Melanodexiopsis Hall 1948] PG-M04
                     |    |--*M. tristis Williston 1893 PG-M04
                     |    |--M. grandis S87
                     |    `--‘*Melanodexiopsis’ tristina Hall 1948 PG-M04
                     |--Morinia Robineau-Desvoidy 1830 (see below for synonymy) PG-M04
                     |    |--M. melanoptera (Fallén 1817) W87, PG-M04 (see below for synonymy)
                     |    |--M. nana F92
                     |    |--M. piliforaea PG-M04
                     |    `--M. slenfini PG-M04
                     |--Xanthotrixus Aldrich 1930 PG-M04
                     |    |--*X. mongol Aldrich 1930 PG-M04
                     |    |--X. bazini PG-M04
                     |    |--X. draco Aldrich 1930 F92
                     |    |--X. melanurus Fan 1992 F92
                     |    `--X. uniapicalis Fan 1992 F92
                     `--Dexopollenia Townsend 1917 [incl. Lispoparea Aldrich 1930] PG-M04
                          |--*D. testacea Townsend 1917 PG-M04
                          |--D. flava (Aldrich 1930) F92 [=*Lispoparea flava PG-M04]
                          |--D. geniculata Malloch 1935 F92
                          |--D. maculata Villeneuve 1933 F92
                          |--D. nigriscens Fan 1992 F92
                          `--D. uniseta Fan 1992 F92

Mesembrinella SC19 [incl. Eumesembrinella VW10, Huascaromusca VW10; Mesembrinellidae SC19, Mesembrinellinae, Eumesembrinellini, Mesembrinellini]

Morinia Robineau-Desvoidy 1830 [incl. Anthracomyia Rondani 1856, Calobatemyia Macquart 1835, Disticheria Enderlein 1934] PG-M04

Morinia melanoptera (Fallén 1817) W87, PG-M04 [=Musca melanoptera PG-M04, Anthracomyia melanoptera W87, *Disticheria melanoptera PG-M04; incl. *Anthracomyia genei Rondani 1862 PG-M04, A. geneji PG-M04, *Calobatemyia nigra Macquart 1835 PG-M04, *Morinia velox Robineau-Desvoidy 1830 PG-M04]

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[BM76] Bohart, R. M., & A. S. Menke. 1976. Sphecid Wasps of the World. University of California Press: Berkeley.

[F92] Fan Z. 1992. Key to the Common Flies of China 2^nd ed. Science Press: Beijing.

[KP10] Kutty, S. N., T. Pape, B. M. Wiegmann & R. Meier. 2010. Molecular phylogeny of the Calyptratae (Diptera: Cyclorrhapha) with an emphasis on the superfamily Oestroidea and the position of Mystacinobiidae and McAlpine's fly. Systematic Entomology 35: 614–635.

[L59] Lopes, H. de S. 1959. A revision of Australian Sarcophagidae (Diptera). Studia Ent. 2 (1-4): 33–67.

[MP17] Michelsen, V., & T. Pape. 2017. Ulurumyiidae—a new family of calyptrate flies (Diptera). Systematic Entomology 42: 826–836.

[PG-M04] Peris, S. V., & D. González-Mora. 2004. Clave de identificación para los géneros de Calliphoridae del mundo. Subfamilias con vena remigium desnuda y creación de una nueva subfamilia. Bol. R. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. (Sec. Biol.) 99 (1–4): 115–144.

[S87] Shewell, G. E. 1987. Calliphoridae. In: McAlpine, J. F. (ed.) Manual of Nearctic Diptera vol. 2 pp. 1133–1145. Research Branch, Agriculture Canada.

[SC19] Stireman, J. O., III, P. Cerretti, J. E. O'Hara, J. D. Blaschke & J. K. Moulton. 2019. Molecular phylogeny and evolution of world Tachinidae (Diptera). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 139: 106358.

[VW10] Vargas, J., & D. M. Wood. 2010. Calliphoridae (blow flies). In: Brown, B. V., A. Borkent, J. M. Cumming, D. M. Wood, N. E. Woodley & M. A. Zumbado (eds) Manual of Central American Diptera vol. 2 pp. 1297–1304. NRC Research Press: Ottawa.

[W87] Wood, D. M. 1987. Rhinophoridae. In: McAlpine, J. F. (ed.) Manual of Nearctic Diptera vol. 2 pp. 1187–1191. Research Branch, Agriculture Canada.

Last updated: 24 April 2022.