Asiloidea

Window fly Scenopinus fenestralis, copyright Andre Jas.

Belongs within: Orthorrhapha.
Contains: Bombyliidae, Asilidae, Apioceridae, Mydidae, Therevidae.

The Asiloidea are a diverse clade of often relatively large flies, most of which are predatory or parasitic as larvae. Members include the Scenopinidae, window flies: small, usually black flies with a spherical to slightly elongate head and short antennae with a single well-developed flagellomere (Woodley 2009).

Asiloidea [Asilomorpha] BT04
    |  i. s.: Ocoa [Ocoidae] GE05
    |           `--O. chilensis GE05
    |         Proplatypygus rohdendorfi GC99
    |--+--Bombyliidae BT04
    |  `--Mythicomyiidae [Mythicomyiinae] EGEL09
    |       |--Empidideicus humeralis H81
    |       |--Paraconsors EGEL09
    |       |--Psiloderoides EGEL09
    |       |--Mythicomyia rileyi WT11, H81
    |       |--Glabellula [Glabellulinae] EGEL09
    |       |    |--G. australis CM91
    |       |    |--G. brunnifrons GE05
    |       |    `--G. crassicornis H81
    |       `--Pieza EGEL09
    |            |--P. pi EGEL09
    |            |--P. rhea EGEL09
    |            `--P. sinclairi EGEL09
    `--+--Asilidae BT04
       `--+--+--Apioceridae BT04
          |  `--Mydidae BT04
          `--+--+--Evocoa [Evocoidae] WT11
             |  |    `--E. chilensis WT11
             |  `--Apsilocephalidae [Rhagionempididae] WT11
             |       |--Burmapsilocephala cockerelli GE05
             |       `--Apsilocephala longistyla GW09, IL81
             `--+--Therevidae BT04
                `--Scenopinidae [Omphralidae] BT04
                     |  i. s.: Lepidomphrale P55
                     |         Belosta albipilosa K81
                     |         Scenopinula Paramonov 1955 P55
                     |           `--*S. pallidipennis Paramonov 1955 P55
                     |         Riekiella Paramonov 1955 P55
                     |           `--*R. bicornis Paramonov 1955 P55
                     |         Pseudomphrale Kröber 1913 P55
                     |           |--P. waterhousei Paramonov 1955 P55
                     |           `--P. westralica Paramonov 1955 P55
                     |         Alloxytropus W09
                     |--Proratinae [Caenotinae] W09
                     |    |--Caenotoides californica GC99
                     |    |--Jackhallia GC99
                     |    |--Proratites Grimaldi & Cumming 1999 GC99
                     |    |    `--*P. simplex Grimaldi & Cumming 1999 GC99
                     |    |--Prorates W09
                     |    |    |--P. claripennis H81
                     |    |    `--P. frommeri GC99
                     |    `--Caenotus W09
                     |         |--C. hospes GC99
                     |         `--C. inornatus H81
                     `--Scenopininae W09
                          |--Heteromphrale W09
                          |--Irwiniana W09
                          |--Metatrichia W09
                          |    |--M. bulbosa W09
                          |    |--M. papuana O98
                          |    |--M. pria GC99
                          |    `--M. robusta W09
                          |--Brevitrichia W09
                          |    |--B. nayariti W09
                          |    |--B. salvadorensis W09
                          |    |--B. schlingeri W09
                          |    `--B. yucatani W09
                          |--Pseudatrichia Osten-Sacken 1877 W09, P55
                          |    |--P. howdeni W09
                          |    |--P. longiventris W09
                          |    |--P. longurio W09
                          |    |--P. macalpeni W09
                          |    |--P. mariaensis Hardy 1933 P55
                          |    |--P. punctulata W09
                          |    |--P. rufitruncula W09
                          |    `--P. truncata W09
                          `--Scenopinus Latreille 1802 (see below for synonymy) P55
                               |--*S. fenestralis (Linnaeus 1758) P55, L58 (see below for synonymy)
                               |--S. albicinctus MC13
                               |--S. biroi Kertész 1899 [=Omphrale biroi] P55
                               |--S. glabrifrons Meigen 1824 [incl. S. civiculus Hardy 1933] P55
                               |--S. nigra (De Geer 1776) (see below for synonymy) P55
                               |--S. opacus O98
                               |--S. papuana (Kröber 1912) [=Omphrale papuana] P55
                               |--S. pecki W09
                               |--S. perkinsi Hardy 1942 P55
                               |--S. schroederi W09
                               `--S. velutinus W09

Scenopinus Latreille 1802 [incl. Astoma Lioy 1864 nec Oken 1815 nec Gray 1821 (ICBN), Atrichia Schrank 1803, Cana Schellenberg 1803, Hypselura Meigen 1803, Omphrale Meigen 1800] P55

*Scenopinus fenestralis (Linnaeus 1758) P55, L58 [=Musca fenestralis P55, Ochthera (Scenopinus) fenestralis G20, Omphrale fenestralis P55]

Scenopinus nigra (De Geer 1776) [=Hemotelus nigra, S. niger; incl. S. ater Fallen 1817, S. fasciatus Walker 1851, S. nigripes Meigen 1824, S. rugosus Fabr. 1794, S. tarsatus Panzer 1806] P55

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[BT04] Bybee, S. M., S. D. Taylor, C. R. Nelson & M. F. Whiting. 2004. A phylogeny of robber flies (Diptera: Asilidae) at the subfamilial level: molecular evidence. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 30: 789–797.

[CM91] Colless, D. H., & D. K. McAlpine. 1991. Diptera (flies). In: CSIRO. The Insects of Australia: A textbook for students and research workers 2^nd ed. vol. 2 pp. 717–786. Melbourne University Press: Carlton (Victoria).

[EGEL09] Evenhuis, N. L., D. J. Greathead & C. J. Einicker Lamas. 2009. Mythicomyiidae (micro bee flies). In: Brown, B. V., A. Borkent, J. M. Cumming, D. M. Wood, N. E. Woodley & M. A. Zumbado (eds) Manual of Central American Diptera vol. 1 pp. 561–563. NRC Research Press: Ottawa.

[GW09] Gaimari, S. D., & D. W. Webb. 2009. Therevidae (stiletto flies). In: Brown, B. V., A. Borkent, J. M. Cumming, D. M. Wood, N. E. Woodley & M. A. Zumbado (eds) Manual of Central American Diptera vol. 1 pp. 633–647. NRC Research Press: Ottawa.

[G20] Goldfuss, G. A. 1820. Handbuch der Naturgeschichte vol. 3. Handbuch der Zoologie pt 1. Johann Leonhard Schrag: Nürnberg.

[GC99] Grimaldi, D., & J. Cumming. 1999. Brachyceran Diptera in Cretaceous ambers and Mesozoic diversification of the Eremoneura. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 239: 1–124.

[GE05] Grimaldi, D., & M. S. Engel. 2005. Evolution of the Insects. Cambridge University Press: New York.

[H81] Hall, J. C. 1981. Bombyliidae. In: McAlpine, J. F., B. V. Peterson, G. E. Shewell, H. J. Teskey, J. R. Vockeroth & D. S. Wood (eds) Manual of Nearctic Diptera vol. 1 pp. 589–602. Research Branch, Agriculture Canada.

[IL81] Irwin, M. E., & L. Lyneborg. 1981. Therevidae. In: McAlpine, J. F., B. V. Peterson, G. E. Shewell, H. J. Teskey, J. R. Vockeroth & D. S. Wood (eds) Manual of Nearctic Diptera vol. 1 pp. 513–523. Research Branch, Agriculture Canada.

[K81] Kelsey, L. P. 1981. Scenopinidae. In: McAlpine, J. F., B. V. Peterson, G. E. Shewell, H. J. Teskey, J. R. Vockeroth & D. S. Wood (eds) Manual of Nearctic Diptera vol. 1 pp. 525–538. Research Branch, Agriculture Canada.

[L58] Linnaeus, C. 1758. Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata. Laurentii Salvii: Holmiae.

[MC13] Majer, J. D., S. K. Callan, K. Edwards, N. R. Gunawardene & C. K. Taylor. 2013. Baseline survey of the terrestrial invertebrate fauna of Barrow Island. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 83: 13–112.

[O98] Oosterbroek, P. 1998. The Families of Diptera of the Malay Archipelago. Brill: Leiden.

[P55] Paramonov, S. J. 1955. A review of Australian Scenopinidae (Diptera). Australian Journal of Zoology 3 (4): 634–653.

[WT11] Wiegmann, B. M., M. D. Trautwein, I. S. Winkler, N. B. Barr, J.-W. Kim, C. Lambkin, M. A. Bertone, B. K. Cassel, K. M. Bayless, A. M. Heimberg, B. M. Wheeler, K. J. Peterson, T. Pape, B. J. Sinclair, J. H. Skevington, V. Blagoderov, J. Caravas, S. N. Kutty, U. Schmidt-Ott, G. E. Kampmeier, F. C. Thompson, D. A. Grimaldi, A. T. Beckenbach, G. W. Courtney, M. Friedrich, R. Meier & D. K. Yeates. 2011. Episodic radiations in the fly tree of life. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 108 (14): 5690–5695.

[W09] Woodley, N. E. 2009. Scenopinidae (window flies). In: Brown, B. V., A. Borkent, J. M. Cumming, D. M. Wood, N. E. Woodley & M. A. Zumbado (eds) Manual of Central American Diptera vol. 1 pp. 649–652. NRC Research Press: Ottawa.

Last updated: 9 January 2021.