Phyllopharyngea

Chilodonella uncinata, copyright Wolfgang Bettighofer.

Belongs within: Intramacronucleata.

The Phyllopharyngea are a group of ciliates with a radial array of microtubular ribbons around the oral region (Adl et al. 2012).

Characters (from Adl et al. 2012): Ciliated stage with somatic kineties mostly as monokinetids that each have a lateral kinetodesmal fibril, a reduced or absent transverse microtubular ribbon that is usually accompanied by a left-directed transverse fibre, and a somewhat convergent postciliary ribbon extending posteriorly to accompany ribbons of more anterior monokinetids; ribbon-like subkinetal nematodesmata arising from somatic monokinetids and extending, either anteriorly or posteriorly, beneath kineties as nematodesmata in the Synhymenia or subkinetal ribbons in the other clades; oral region with radially arranged microtubular ribbons, called phyllae.

Phyllopharyngea
    |--Synhymenia AS12
    |    |--Synhymenia AS12
    |    `--Zosterodasys AS12
    |--Chonotrichia [Chonotrichida] AS12
    |    |  i. s.: Chilodochona AS12
    |    |         Spirochona AS12
    |    |--Exogemmina C74
    |    `--Endogemmina C74
    |--Rhynchodia [Rhynchodida] AS12
    |    |  i. s.: Hypocoma L03
    |    |         Heterocinetopsis C74
    |    |         Ignotocoma AS12
    |    |         Stegotricha AS12
    |    |--Rhynchodina C74
    |    `--Ancistrocoma AS12 [Ancistrocomina C74]
    |--Suctoria [Suctorida, Suctoridea] AS12
    |    |  i. s.: Ephelota [Ephelotidae] AS12
    |    |         Acinetidae D01
    |    |           |--Acineta tuberosa AS12, D86
    |    |           `--Tocophrya cyclopum D01
    |    |         Allantosoma C74
    |    |         Cyathodinium C74
    |    |         Dendrocometes C74
    |    |         Podophrya C74
    |    |         Trichophrya C74
    |    |         Discophrya collini AS12, L03
    |    |--Exogenina C74
    |    `--Endogenina C74
    `--Cyrtophoria [Cyrtophorida, Phyllopharyngia, Phyllopharyngidea] AS12
         |--Trithigmostoma steini L03
         |--Dysteria ovalis D86, MCS03
         |--Chlamydodon D86
         |--Brooklynella AS12
         `--Chilodonella AS12
              |--C. acuta SX97
              |--C. algivora SX97
              |--C. bavariensis SX97
              |--C. calkinsi SX97
              |--C. cucullus LB90
              |--C. fluviatilis SX97
              `--C. uncinata L03

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[AS12] Adl, S. M., A. G. B. Simpson, C. E. Lane, J. Lukeš, D. Bass, S. S. Bowser, M. W. Brown, F. Burki, M. Dunthorn, V. Hampl, A. Heiss, M. Hoppenrath, E. Lara, E. Le Gall, D. H. Lynn, H. McManus, E. A. D. Mitchell, S. E. Mozley-Stanridge, L. W. Parfrey, J. Pawlowski, S. Rueckert, L. Shadwick, C. L. Schoch, A. Smirnov & F. W. Spiegel. 2012. The revised classification of eukaryotes. Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology 59 (5): 429–493.

[C74] Corliss, J. O. 1974. The changing world of ciliate systematics: historical analysis of past efforts and a newly proposed phylogenetic scheme of classification for the protistan phylum Ciliophora. Systematic Zoology 23 (1): 91–138.

[D01] Daday, E. 1901. Édesvizi mikroszkópi állatok [Mikroskopische Süsswasserthiere]. In: Horváth, G. (ed.) Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazása [Dritte Asiatische Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] vol. 2. Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazásának Állattani Eredményei [Zoologische Ergebnisse der Dritten Asiatischen Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] pp. 375–470. Victor Hornyánszky: Budapest, and Karl W. Hierseman: Leipzig.

[D86] Detcheva, R. 1986. Ciliata interstitiels, essentiellement des sables marins. In: Botosaneanu, L. (ed.) Stygofauna Mundi: A Faunistic, Distributional, and Ecological Synthesis of the World Fauna inhabiting Subterranean Waters (including the Marine Interstitial) pp. 21–29. E. J. Brill/Dr W. Backhuys: Leiden.

[LB90] Lousier, J. D., & S. S. Bamforth. 1990. Soil protozoa. In: Dindal, D. L. (ed.) Soil Biology Guide pp. 97–136. John Wiley & Sones: New York.

[L03] Lynn, D. H. 2003. Morphology or molecules: how do we identify the major lineages of ciliates (phylum Ciliophora)? European Journal of Protistology 39 (4): 356–364.

[MCS03] Ma, H., J. K. Choi & W. Song. 2003. An improved silver carbonate impregnation for marine ciliated protozoa. Acta Protozoologica 42: 161–164.

[SX97] Song B. & Xie P. 1997. Preliminary studies on the community structure of the planktonic protozoa from the outlet of Lake Dongting. Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica 21 (Suppl.): 60–68.