Halocyprida

Right view of carapace of adult male Danielopolina wilkensi, from Kornicker & Iliffe (1995).

Belongs within: Ostracoda.
Contains: Polycopidae.

The Halocyprida is a mostly planktonic group of ostracods with a long exopod on the second antenna and a leg-like fifth limb. Recognition of this group in the fossil record has often proven problematic with the Halocyprididae in particular having an almost entirely or entirely uncalcified carapace.

Characters (from Anne C. Cohen): Adult carapace length 0.1-3 mm; shape varied, elongate subquadrate to almost circular; anterior rostrum often present; anterior incisur present or absent; posterior keel absent, occasionally posterodorsal corner-shaped process or spine present. Six to eight limbs present. Second antenna with exopod larger than endopod; 9 exopod articles; 2-3 endopod articles; male endopod often with hook-like clasper. Mandible with proximal endite present as a cusped tooth; basis endite often with a cusped tooth; endopod with dorsal and sometimes ventral setae; exopod present (one article only) or absent. Sexual dimorphism in limbs usually absent (rarely present in fifth and sixth limbs). Fourth limb with exopod present (1-2 articles) or absent; endopod with 2-3 articles. Fifth limb leg-like; endopod present and jointed; exopod present or absent. Sixth limb present or absent, limb-like if present; proximal setose branchial plate (epipod) sometimes present; endopod present; exopod present (one article only) or absent. Seventh limb present (as reduced lobe with few setae) or absent. Copulatory limb (eighth limb or hemipenis) single, unbranched or with two branches.

<==Halocyprida MD01
    |--Cladocopina [Cladocopa, Cladocopida, Polycopiformes] MD01
    |    |  i. s.: Richteria Jones 1874 WSB93, BB61 [incl. Entominella Livental 1945 BB61]
    |    |           |--*R. serratostriata (Sandberger 1842) BB61 (see below for synonymy)
    |    |           `--R. lamarmorai BB61
    |    |         Truyolsina truyolsi Becker & Bless 1975 WSB93
    |    |--Polycopidae MD01
    |    |--Discoidella Croneis & Gale 1938 ZL87 [Discoidellidae LH61]
    |    |    |--*D. simplex Croneis & Gale 1938 BB61
    |    |    |--D. ampla BB61
    |    |    |--D. henanensis Zhang in Zhang & Liang 1987 ZL87
    |    |    |--D. pendens (Croneis & Gutke 1939) ZL87
    |    |    `--D. xingyangensis Zhang in Zhang & Liang 1987 ZL87
    |    `--Rhomboentomozoidae WSB93
    |         |--Rhomboentomozoe Přibyl 1951 BB61
    |         |    `--*R. rhomboidea (Barrande 1872) [=Cryptocaris rhomboidea] BB61
    |         `--Ungerella Livental 1948 [incl. Franlinella Stewart & Hendrix 1945 non Nelson 1937] BB61
    |              |--*U. calcarata (Richter 1856) [=Cypridina calcarata] BB61
    |              |--‘Franklinella’ intercostata H79
    |              |--‘Franklinella’ mempeli (Kummerow 1939) WSB93
    |              |--U. novecosta [=*Franklinella novecosta] BB61
    |              |--U. sigmoidale H79
    |              `--‘Franklinella’ torleyi H79
    `--Halocypridina MD01
         |--Thaumatocyprididae [Thaumatocypridacea, Thaumatocypridoidea, Thaumatocyprinae] MD01
         |    |--Welesia kornickeri (Danielopol, Baltanas & Humphreys 2000) PH13
         |    |--Thaumatomma piscifrons Kornicker & Sohn 1976 WSB93
         |    |--Thaumatocypris Müller 1906 BB61
         |    |    `--*T. echinata Müller 1906 BB61
         |    `--Danielopolina Kornicker & Sohn 1976 DH86
         |         |--D. orghidani (Danielopol 1972) DH86
         |         `--D. wilkensi Hartmann 1985 DH86
         |--Halocyprididae [Halocypridacea, Halocypridae, Halocypridoidea, Halocypriformes] MD01
         |    |--Halocypris Dana 1853 MD01 [incl. Halocypria Claus 1874 BB61]
         |    |    `--*H. inflata (Dana 1849) [=Conchaecia inflata] BB61
         |    |--Macroconchoecia Granata & Caporiacco 1949 BB61
         |    |    `--*M. reticulata (Müller 1906) [=Conchoecia reticulata] BB61
         |    |--Euconchoecia Müller 1890 BB61
         |    |    `--*E. chierchiae Müller 1890 BB61
         |    |--Archiconchoecia Müller 1894 BB61
         |    |    `--*A. striata Müller 1894 BB61
         |    `--Conchoecia Dana 1849 (see below for synonymy) BB61
         |         |--*C. magna Claus 1874 BB61
         |         `--C. elegans HKS61
         `--Entomoconchidae [Entomoconchacea] WSB93
              |--Oncotechmoninae M61
              |    |--Oncotechmonus Kesling 1954 BB61
              |    |    `--*O. chemotus Kesling 1954 BB61
              |    `--Checontonomus Kesling 1954 BB61
              |         `--*C. cophus Kesling 1954 BB61
              `--Entomoconchinae M61
                   |--Entomoconchus M’Coy 1839 S61
                   |    `--*E. scouleri M’Coy 1839 BB61
                   `--Elpezoe Přibyl 1950 (see below for synonymy) BB61
                        |--*E. inchoata (Barrande 1872) [=*Elpe inchoata] BB61
                        |--E. borealis Copeland 1964 WSB93
                        `--E. orbiculata Kotschetkova & Cusseva 1972 WSB93

Conchoecia Dana 1849 [=Conchaecia; incl. Conchoecetta Claus 1890, Conchoecilla Claus 1890, Conchoecissa Claus 1890, Metaconchoecia Granata & Caporiacco 1949, Microconchoecia Müller 1894, Mikroconchoecia Claus 1890, Paraconchoecia Claus 1890, Pseudoconchoecia Claus 1890; Conchoeciidae] BB61

Elpezoe Přibyl 1950 [=Elpe Barrande 1872 non Robineau-Desvoidy 1863; incl. Leioditia Ulrich in Jones 1891 (n. n.)] BB61

*Richteria serratostriata (Sandberger 1842) BB61 [=Cypridina serratostriata BB61, Entomozoe (Richteria) serratostriata W87]

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[BB61] Benson, R. H., J. M. Berdan, W. A. van den Bold, T. Hanai, I. Hessland, H. V. Howe, R. V. Kesling, S. A. Levinson, R. A. Reyment, R. C. Moore, H. W. Scott, R. H. Shaver, I. G. Sohn, L. E. Stover, F. M. Swain & P. C. Sylvester-Bradley. 1961. Systematic descriptions. In: Moore, R. C. (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt Q. Arthropoda 3: Crustacea: Ostracoda pp. Q99–Q421. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press.

[DH86] Danielopol, D. L., & G. Hartmann. 1986. Ostracoda. In: Botosaneanu, L. (ed.) Stygofauna Mundi: A Faunistic, Distributional, and Ecological Synthesis of the World Fauna inhabiting Subterranean Waters (including the Marine Interstitial) pp. 265–294. E. J. Brill/Dr W. Backhuys: Leiden.

[H79] House, M. R. 1979. Devonian in the Eastern Hemisphere. In: Robison, R. A., & C. Teichert (eds) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt A. Introduction. Fossilisation (Taphonomy), Biogeography and Biostratigraphy pp. A183–A217. The Geological Society of America, Inc.: Boulder (Colorado), and The University of Kansas: Lawrence (Kansas).

[HKS61] Howe, H. V., R. V. Kesling & H. W. Scott. 1961. Morphology of living Ostracoda. In: Moore, R. C. (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt Q. Arthropoda 3: Crustacea: Ostracoda pp. Q3–Q17. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press.

[LH61] Levinson, S. A., & H. V. Howe. 1961. Addendum. In: Moore, R. C. (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt Q. Arthropoda 3: Crustacea: Ostracoda pp. Q421–Q422. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press.

[MD01] Martin, J. W., & G. E. Davis. 2001. An updated classification of the Recent Crustacea. Natural History Museum Los Angeles County, Science Series 39: 1–124.

[M61] Moore, R. C. 1961. Summary of classification and stratigraphic distribution. In: Moore, R. C. (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt Q. Arthropoda 3: Crustacea: Ostracoda pp. Q92–Q99. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press.

[PH13] Poore, G. C. B., & W. F. Humphreys. 2013. Bunderanthura bundera gen. et sp. nov. from Western Australia, first anchialine Leptanthuridae (Isopoda) from the Southern Hemisphere. Records of the Western Australian Museum 28 (1): 21–29.

[S61] Scott, H. W. 1961. Classification of Ostracoda. In: Moore, R. C. (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt Q. Arthropoda 3: Crustacea: Ostracoda pp. Q74–Q92. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press.

[W87] Wang S.-Q. 1987. Entomozoids (Ostracoda) from Upper Devonian at Hangshan section of Longlin, Guangxi. Acta Palaeontologica Sinica 26 (3): 306–318.

[WSB93] Whatley, R. C., D. J. Siveter & I. D. Boomer. 1993. Arthropoda (Crustacea: Ostracoda). In: Benton, M. J. (ed.) The Fossil Record 2 pp. 343–356. Chapman & Hall: London.

[ZL87] Zhang X.-J. & Liang X.-Y. 1987. Ostracoda from the Taiyuan Formation of Xingyang and Gong Xian districts, Henan. Acta Micropalaeontologica Sinica 4 (3): 293–312.

Last updated: 19 October 2020.