Caprinae

Long-tailed goral Nemorhaedus goral, from Wikimedia.

Belongs within: Bovidae.
Contains: Caprini.

The Caprinae, goat-antelopes, are a group of moderately sized, relatively stocky bovids found primarily in the Holarctic region.

Caprinae [Ovibovini, Rupicaprini]
    |--+--+--+--Megalovis Schaub 1923 FS15, C-B07
    |  |  |  |    |--M. balcanicus Crégut-Bonnoure & Dimitrijevic 2006 C-B07
    |  |  |  |    |--M. guangxiensis FS15
    |  |  |  |    |--M. latifrons Schaub 1923 C-B07
    |  |  |  |    |--M. piveteaui Schaub 1937 C-B07
    |  |  |  |    `--M. wimani Schaub 1937 C-B07
    |  |  |  `--+--Euceratherium Sinclair & Furlong 1904 FS15, C-B07
    |  |  |     |    `--E. collinum FS15
    |  |  |     `--Bootherium bombifrons FS15
    |  |  `--Nemorhaedus
    |  |       |  i. s.: N. cranbrooki BP87
    |  |       |         N. crispus IT07
    |  |       |         N. sumatraensis IT07
    |  |       |         N. swinhoei IT07
    |  |       |--+--N. baileyi FS15
    |  |       |  `--N. griseus FS15
    |  |       `--+--N. caudatus FS15
    |  |          `--N. goral FS15
    |  `--Capricornis FS15
    |       |--+--C. crispus Temminck 1845 FS15, M76
    |       |  `--Ovibos de Blainville 1816 FS15, C-B07
    |       |       |--*O. moschatus (Zimmermann 1780) [=Bos moschatus] H48
    |       |       `--O. pallantis H.-Smith 1827 [=O. moschatus pallantis] C-B07
    |       `--+--C. milneedwardsii FS15
    |          |--C. rubidus FS15
    |          |--C. sumatraensis FS15
    |          |--C. swinhoei FS15
    |          `--C. thar FS15
    `--+--+--Oreamnos FS15
       |  |    |--O. americanus G84
       |  |    `--O. harringtoni FS15
       |  `--Rupicapra Blainville 1816 FS15, C-B07
       |       |--*R. rupicapra G78
       |       |    |--R. r. rupicapra BP87
       |       |    `--R. r. ornata BP87
       |       `--R. pyrenaica IT07
       `--Caprini FS15

Caprinae incertae sedis:
  ‘Bos’ makapaani Broom 1937 G78
  Hezhengia bohlini DW04
  Criotherium G78
  Palaeoreas G78
  Urmiatherium [incl. Parurmiatherium, Plesiaddax] G78
  Tsaidamotherium Bohlin 1935 G78, D07
    `--T. hedini D07
  Praeovibos Staudinger 1908 C-B07
    |--P. beringiensis Sher 1971 C-B07
    |--P. mediterraneus Crégut-Bonnoure 2002 C-B07
    |--P. priscus Staudinger 1908 C-B07
    |    |--P. p. priscus C-B07
    |    `--P. p. delumleyi Crégut-Bonnoure 2002 C-B07
    `--P. recticornis (Ryziewicz 1934) C-B07
  Damalavus boroccoi Arambourg 1959 G78
  Palaeoryx G78
  Makapania broomi Wells & Cooke 1956 G78
  Euthyceros thessalicus Athanassiou 2002 C-B07
  Procamptoceras Schaub 1923 C-B07
    `--P. brivatense C-B07
  Pliotragus Kretzoi 1941 C-B07
    |--P. ardeus (Depéret 1883) [incl. Hesperoceras merlae] C-B07
    `--P. macedonicus Crégut-Bonnoure & Tsoukala 2005 C-B07
  Gallogoral Guérin 1965 C-B07
    `--G. meneghinii (Rütimeyer 1878) C-B07
         |--G. m. meneghinii C-B07
         `--G. m. sickenbergii Kostopoulos 1997 C-B07

Inorganic: Oreamnos americanus minilorientalus Okamura 1987 O87
           Oreamnos americanus protominilorientalus Okamura 1987 O87

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[BP87] Burton, J. A., & B. Pearson. 1987. Collins Guide to the Rare Mammals of the World. Collins: London.

[C-B07] Crégut-Bonnoure, E. 2007. Apport des Caprinae et Antilopinae (Mammalia, Bovidae) à la biostratigraphie du Pliocène terminal et du Pléistocène d'Europe. Quaternaire 18 (1): 73–97.

[DW04] Deng T., Wang X., Ni X. & Liu L. 2004. Sequence of the Cenozoic mammalian faunas of the Linxia Basin in Gansu, China. Acta Geologica Sinica (English Edition) 78 (1): 8–14.

[D07] Dixon, D. 2007. The Complete Illustrated Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs & Prehistoric Creatures. Hermes House: London.

[FS15] Faurby, S., & J.-C. Svenning. 2015. A species-level phylogeny of all extant and late Quaternary extinct mammals using a novel heuristic-hierarchical Bayesian approach. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 84: 14–26.

[G84] Geist, V. 1984. Goat antelopes. In: Macdonald, D. (ed.) All the World’s Animals: Hoofed Mammals pp. 144–149. Torstar Books: New York.

[G78] Gentry, A. W. 1978. Bovidae. In: Maglio, V. J., & H. B. S. Cooke (eds) Evolution of African Mammals pp. 540–572. Harvard University Press: Cambridge (Massachusetts).

[H48] Hershkovitz, P. 1948. The technical name of the Virginia deer with a list of the South American forms. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 61: 41–45.

[IT07] Isaac, N. J. B., S. T. Turvey, B. Collen, C. Waterman & J. E. M. Baillie. 2007. Mammals on the EDGE: conservation priorities based on threat and phylogeny. PloS One 2 (3): e296.

[M76] Masui, M. 1976. Nihon no Doobutsu. Kogakukan: Tokyo.

[ME05] Moullé, P.-E., A. Echassoux, F. Lacombat, E. Desclaux & S. Bailon. 2005. L’environnement animal des premiers habitants de l’Europe méditerranéenne: les grands mammifères contemporains de l’homme du Vallonnet, données taxonomiques et biostratigraphiques pour la deuxième moitie du Pléistocène inférieur. BAR International Series 1364: 105–113.