Globigerinidae

Globigerinoides ruber, from here.

Belongs within: Rotaliida.
Contains: Globigerina.

The Globigerinidae are a group of planktonic Foraminifera known from the Upper Cretaceous Maastrichtian epoch to the present. The earliest members of the family are assigned to the subfamily Globigerininae (which survives to the present), characterised by a trochospiral to streptospiral test with the primary aperture umbilical or spiroumbilical (Loeblich & Tappan 1964b).

Characters (from Loeblich & Tappan 1964b): Test trochospiral, streptospiral or globular, chambers spherical, ovate or clavate; primary aperture umbilical or spiroumbilical, may have secondary sutural or areal apertures, bullae, and accessory infralaminal apertures.

<==Globigerinidae
    |--Sphaeroidinellinae LT64b
    |    |--Sphaeroidinella Cushman 1927 C40
    |    |    `--*S. dehiscens (Parker & Jones 1865) [=Sphaeroidina dehiscens] LT64b
    |    `--Sphaeroidinellopsis Banner & Blow 1959 LT64b
    |         `--*S. subdehiscens (Blow 1959) [=Sphaeroidinella dehiscens subdehiscens] LT64b
    |--Orbulininae [Candeininae] LT64b
    |    |--Candeina d’Orbigny in de la Sagra 1839 LT64b
    |    |    `--*C. nitida d’Orbigny in de la Sagra 1839 C40
    |    |--Porticulasphaera Bolli, Loeblich & Tappan 1957 LT64b
    |    |    `--*P. mexicana (Cushman 1925) (see below for synonymy) LT64b
    |    |--Globigerapsis Bolli, Loeblich & Tappan 1957 LT64b
    |    |    |--*G. kugleri Bolli, Loeblich & Tappan 1957 LT64b
    |    |    `--G. index H90
    |    `--Orbulina d’Orbigny in de la Sagra 1839 (see below for synonymy) LT64b
    |         |--*O. universa d’Orbigny 1839 LT64b, H03
    |         |--‘Globigerina’ bilobata d’Orbigny 1846 [=*Biorbulina bilobata] LT64b
    |         |--‘*Coscinosphaera’ ciliosa Stuart 1866 LT64b
    |         |--O. suturalis P79
    |         `--‘*Candorbulina universa’ Jedlitschka 1934 non Orbulina universa d’Orbigny in de la Sagra 1839 LT64b
    |--Catapsydracinae LT64b
    |    |--Catapsydrax Bolli, Loeblich & Tappan 1957 LT64b
    |    |    `--C. dissimilis (Cushman & Bermúdez 1937) [=Globigerina dissimilis] LT64b
    |    |--Globigerinatella Cushman & Stainforth 1945 LT64b
    |    |    `--*G. insueta Cushman & Stainforth 1945 LT64b
    |    |--Globigerinatheka Brönnimann 1952 LT64b
    |    |    `--*G. barri Brönnimann 1952 LT64b
    |    |--Globigerinoita Brönnimann 1952 LT64b
    |    |    `--*G. morugaensis Brönnimann 1952 LT64b
    |    |--Tinophodella Loeblich & Tappan 1957 LT64b
    |    |    `--*T. ambitacrena Loeblich & Tappan 1957 LT64b
    |    `--Globigerinita Brönnimann 1951 [incl. Turborotalita Blow & Banner in Eames, Banner et al. 1962] LT64b
    |         |--*G. naparimaensis Brönnimann 1951 LT64b
    |         |--G. dissimilis P79
    |         |--G. glutinata (Egger 1893) [=Globigerina glutinata] H03
    |         |--G. howei P79
    |         |--‘Truncatulina’ humilis Brady 1884 [=*Turborotalita humilis] LT64b
    |         `--G. parkerae LT64b
    `--Globigerininae LT64a
         |--Globigerina G86
         |--Beella Banner & Blow 1960 LT64b
         |    `--*B. digitata (Brady 1879) [=Globigerina digitata, Globorotalia (*Beella) digitata] LT64b
         |--Globigerinopsis Bolli 1962 LT64b
         |    `--*G. aguasayensis Bolli 1962 LT64b
         |--Globoconusa Khalilov 1956 LT64b
         |    `--G. daubjergensis (Brönnimann 1953) (see below for synonymy) LT64b
         |--Hastigerinella Cushman 1927 LT64b
         |    `--*H. digitata (Rhumbler 1911) [=Hastigerina digitata, Hastigerinella rhumbleri Galloway 1933] LT64b
         |--Pulleniatina Cushman 1927 [Pulleniatininae] LT64b
         |    `--*P. obliqueloculata (Parker & Jones 1865) [=Pullenia obliqueloculata] LT64b
         |--Globorotaloides Bolli 1957 [incl. Eoglobigerina Morozova 1959] LT64b
         |    |--*G. variabilis Bolli 1957 LT64b
         |    `--G. eobulloides (Morozova 1959) [=Globigerina (*Eoglobigerina) eobulloides] LT64b
         |--Globoquadrina Finlay 1947 LT64b
         |    |--*G. dehiscens (Chapman, Parr & Collins 1934) [=Globorotalia dehiscens] LT64b
         |    |--G. altispira BC79
         |    `--G. quadraria [incl. G. quadraria var. advena] LT64a
         |--Subbotina Brotzen & Pozaryska 1961 LT64b
         |    |--*S. triloculinoides (Plummer 1927) [=Globigerina triloculinoides] LT64b
         |    |--S. trinidadensis MO81
         |    `--S. velascoensis (Cushman 1925) [=Globigerina velascoensis] MO81
         |--Neogloboquadrina H03
         |    |--N. acostaensis KS02
         |    |--N. asanoi H03
         |    |--N. continuosa KS02
         |    |--N. dutertrei (d’Orbigny 1839) (see below for synonymy) H03
         |    |--N. incompta (Cifelli 1961) [=Globigerina incompta] H03
         |    `--N. pachyderma (Ehrenberg 1861) [=Aristerospira pachyderma] H03
         `--Globigerinoides Cushman 1927 C40
              |--*G. ruber (d’Orbigny in de la Sagra 1839) [=Globigerina rubra] LT64b
              |--G. conglobata LT64a
              |--G. extremes KS02
              |--G. fistulosus BC79
              |--G. glomerosus [=G. glomerosus f. transitorius] Q72
              |--G. helicina C40
              |--G. minuta LT64a
              |--G. obliquus BC79
              |--G. primordius P79
              |--G. quadrilobatus [incl. G. quadrilobatus f. immaturus] Q72
              |--G. sacculifer SK99 [=G. quadrilobatus f. sacculifer Q72; incl. G. sacculiferus var. immatura LT64a]
              |--G. sicanus P79
              `--G. trilobus SK99 [=G. quadrilobatus f. trilobus Q72]

Globoconusa daubjergensis (Brönnimann 1953) [=Globigerina daubjergensis; incl. *Globoconusa conusa Khalilov 1956] LT64b

Neogloboquadrina dutertrei (d’Orbigny 1839) [=Globigerina dutertrei; incl. Globig. eggeri Rhumbler 1901, Globoquadrina eggeri, Neogloboquadrina eggeri, Globoq. himiensis Maiya, Saito & Sato 1976, N. himiensis] H03

Orbulina d’Orbigny in de la Sagra 1839 [incl. Biorbulina Blow 1956, Candorbulina Jedlitschka 1934, Coscinosphaera Stuart 1866] LT64b

*Porticulasphaera mexicana (Cushman 1925) [=Globigerina mexicana, Globigerapsis mexicana; incl. Porticulasphaera beckmanni Saito 1962] LT64b

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[BC79] Berggren, W. A., & J. A. Van Couvering. 1979. Quaternary. In: Robison, R. A., & C. Teichert (eds) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt A. Introduction. Fossilisation (Taphonomy), Biogeography and Biostratigraphy pp. A505–A543. The Geological Society of America, Inc.: Boulder (Colorado), and The University of Kansas: Lawrence (Kansas).

[C40] Cushman, J. A. 1940. Foraminifera: Their classification and economic use 3^rd ed. Harvard University Press: Cambridge (Massachusetts).

[G86] Golemansky, V. G. 1986. Rhizopoda: Foraminiferida. In: Botosaneanu, L. (ed.) Stygofauna Mundi: A Faunistic, Distributional, and Ecological Synthesis of the World Fauna inhabiting Subterranean Waters (including the Marine Interstitial) pp. 17–20. E. J. Brill/Dr W. Backhuys: Leiden.

[H03] Hanagata, S. 2003. Miocene-Pliocene Foraminifera from the Niigata oil-fields region, northeastern Japan. Micropaleontology 49 (4): 293–340.

[H90] Hayward, B. W. 1990. Use of foraminiferal data in analysis of Taranaki Basin, New Zealand. Journal of Foraminiferal Research 20: 71–83.

[KS02] Kanjilal, S., & M. S. Srinivasan. 2002. New bivalves from the Miocene of Little Andaman Island, Bay of Bengal. Journal of the Geological Society of India 60: 527–536.

[LT64a] Loeblich, A. R., Jr & H. Tappan. 1964a. Sarcodina: chiefly “thecamoebians” and Foraminiferida. In: Moore, R. C. (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt C. Protista 2 vol. 1. The Geological Society of America and The University of Kansas Press.

[LT64b] Loeblich, A. R., Jr & H. Tappan. 1964b. Sarcodina: chiefly “thecamoebians” and Foraminiferida. In: Moore, R. C. (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt C. Protista 2 vol. 2. The Geological Society of America and The University of Kansas Press.

[MO81] Mancini, E. A., & G. E. Oliver. 1981. Planktic foraminifers from the Tuscahoma Sand (upper Paleocene) of southwest Alabama. Micropaleontology 27 (2): 204–225.

[P79] Papp, A. 1979. Tertiary. In: Robison, R. A., & C. Teichert (eds) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt A. Introduction. Fossilisation (Taphonomy), Biogeography and Biostratigraphy pp. A488–A504. The Geological Society of America, Inc.: Boulder (Colorado), and The University of Kansas: Lawrence (Kansas).

[Q72] Quilty, P. G. 1972. The biostratigraphy of the Tasmanian marine Tertiary. Papers and Proceedings of the Royal Society of Tasmania 106: 25–44.

[SK99] Schneider, C. E., & J. P. Kennett. 1999. Segregation and speciation in the Neogene planktonic foraminiferal clade Globoconella. Paleobiology 25 (3): 383–395.