Cassidulinidae

Cassidulina laevigata, copyright Onno Groß.

Belongs within: Rotaliida.

The Cassidulinidae are a group of Foraminifera with biserial, planispirally enrolled chambers, known from the Eocene to the present (Loeblich & Tappan 1964b).

Characters (from Loeblich & Tappan 1964b): Test lenticular, subglobular or elongate; chambers biserially arranged, alternating chambers also planispirally enrolled at least in early stage, later may be uncoiled; aperture elongate, comma-shaped, slit extending from basal suture into apertural face.

<==Cassidulinidae
    |--Globocassidulina Voloshinova 1960 [incl. Cassilongina Voloshinova 1960] LT64b
    |    |--*G. globosa (Hantken 1875) [=Cassidulina globosa] LT64b
    |    |--G. arata H90
    |    |--G. bisecta Nomura 1983 H03
    |    |--G. elegans JW99
    |    |--G. oblonga (Reuss 1850) [=Cassidulina oblonga, *Cassilongina oblonga] LT64b
    |    `--G. subglobosa JW99
    |--Cassidulinella Natland 1940 LT64b
    |    `--*C. pliocenica Natland 1940 LT64b
    |--Favocassidulina Loeblich & Tappan 1957 LT64b
    |    `--*F. favus (Brady 1877) [=Pulvinulina favus] LT64b
    |--Ehrenbergina Reuss 1850 [Ehrenbergininae] C40
    |    |--*E. serrata Reuss 1850 C40
    |    |--E. bicornis H90
    |    |--E. bradyi C40
    |    |--E. hystrix LT64a
    |    |--E. pacifica LT64a
    |    |--E. pupa [incl. E. hystrix glabra] LT64a
    |    `--E. undulata JW99
    |--Burseolina Seguenza 1880 C40
    |    `--*B. calabra Seguenza 1880 LT64b
    `--Cassidulina d’Orbigny 1826 C40 (see below for synonymy)
         |--*C. laevigata d’Orbigny 1826 C40
         |--C. crassa JW99
         |--C. cretacea C40
         |--C. delicata LT64a
         |--C. margareta LJ98
         |--C. reniforme Nøvang 1945 (see below for synonymy) H03
         |--‘*Entrochus’ septatus Ehrenberg 1843 LT64b
         `--C. subglobosa B49

Cassidulina d’Orbigny 1826 C40 [incl. Entrochus Ehrenberg 1843 non Hofer 1760 LT64b, Selenostomum Ehrenberg 1858 C40; Cassidulininae]

Cassidulina reniforme Nøvang 1945 [=C. crassa var. reniforme; incl. C. islandica f. minuta Nøvang 1945, C. islandica var. norvangi Thalmann in Phleger 1952] H03

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[B49] Battey, M. H. 1949. The geology of the Tuakau-Mercer area, Auckland. Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New Zealand 77 (3): 429–455.

[C40] Cushman, J. A. 1940. Foraminifera: Their classification and economic use 3^rd ed. Harvard University Press: Cambridge (Massachusetts).

[H03] Hanagata, S. 2003. Miocene-Pliocene Foraminifera from the Niigata oil-fields region, northeastern Japan. Micropaleontology 49 (4): 293–340.

[H90] Hayward, B. W. 1990. Use of foraminiferal data in analysis of Taranaki Basin, New Zealand. Journal of Foraminiferal Research 20: 71–83.

[JW99] Jian, Z.-M., L.-J. Wang, M. Kienast, M. Sarnthein, W. Kuhnt, H.-L. Lin & P.-X. Wang. 1999. Benthic foraminiferal paleoceanography of the South China Sea over the last 40,000 years. Marine Geology 156: 159–186.

[LJ98] Li, Q., N. P. James, B. McGowran, Y. Bone & J. Cann. 1998. Synergetic influence of water masses and Kangaroo Island barrier on foraminiferal distribution, Lincoln and Lacepede shelves, South Australia: a synthesis. Alcheringa 22 (2): 153–176.

[LT64a] Loeblich, A. R., Jr & H. Tappan. 1964a. Sarcodina: chiefly “thecamoebians” and Foraminiferida. In: Moore, R. C. (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt C. Protista 2 vol. 1. The Geological Society of America and The University of Kansas Press.

[LT64b] Loeblich, A. R., Jr & H. Tappan. 1964b. Sarcodina: chiefly “thecamoebians” and Foraminiferida. In: Moore, R. C. (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt C. Protista 2 vol. 2. The Geological Society of America and The University of Kansas Press.