Liothrips

Female Liothrips vaneeckei, from CSIRO.

Belongs within: Hoplothripini.

Liothrips is a large genus of leaf-feeding thrips, some species of which are used in the biological control of weeds. A large number of species have been described in this genus based on the assumption that they are largely host-specific; while this is true for some species, it is uncertain whether it should be assumed for the genus as a whole (Mound & Marullo 1996).

Characters (from Mound & Marullo 1996): Antennal segment III with one sense cone, segment IV with three; pronotum with five pairs of major setae; prosternal basantra absent; most body setae long and dark.

<==Liothrips Uzel 1895 MM96
    |--*L. setinodis [=Phloeothrips setinodis] MM96
    |--L. adisi Zur Strassen 1978 MM96
    |--L. ampelopsidis (Moulton 1927) [=Rhynchothrips ampelopsidis] MM96
    |--L. anonae Moulton 1933 MM96
    |--L. antennatus Priesner 1933 MM96
    |--L. araliae Hood 1935 MM96
    |--L. arrogantis Johansen 1978 MM96
    |--L. ater Girault 1927 G27
    |--L. atricolor De Santis 1950 MM96
    |--L. avocadis Hood 1935 MM96
    |--L. aztecus Johansen 1981 MM96
    |--L. barronis Hood 1936 MM96
    |--L. bibbyi Watson 1924 MM96
    |--L. bispinosus Hood 1938 MM96
    |--L. bondari Moulton 1933 MM96
    |--L. brasiliensis Moulton 1933 MM96
    |--L. brevicornis Hood 1913 MM96
    |--L. brevifemur Girault 1928 G28a
    |--L. brevitubus (Moulton 1929) [=Rhynchothrips brevitubus] MM96
    |--L. ‘brevitubus’ Kono 1964 non Rhynchothrips brevitubus Moulton 1929 MM96
    |--L. buffae (Hood 1908) [=Trichothrips buffae] MM96
    |--L. capnodes (Hood 1956) [=Rhynchothrips capnodes] MM96
    |--L. caryae (Fitsch 1856) (see below for synonymy) MM96
    |--L. castaneae Hood 1915 MM96
    |--L. citricornis (Hood 1908) [=Phyllothrips citricornis; incl. L. flavoantennis Watson 1916] MM96
    |--L. colimae Moulton 1929 MM96
    |--L. condei Moulton 1933 MM96
    |--L. cordiae Hood 1935 MM96
    |--L. corni Moulton 1926 MM96
    |--L. cunctans (Cott 1956) [=Rhynchothrips cunctans] MM96
    |--L. debilis (Hood 1925) [=Rhynchothrips debilis] MM96
    |--L. dentifer (Hood 1912) [=Rhynchothrips dentifer] MM96
    |--L. distinctus Moulton 1938 MM96
    |--L. dumosus (Moulton 1907) [=Trichothrips dumosus] MM96
    |--L. epimeralis Hood 1938 MM96
    |--L. eremicus Cott 1956 MM96
    |--L. errabundus Zur Strassen 1975 [incl. L. claripennis Moulton 1933] MM96
    |--L. floridensis (Watson 1913) [=Cryptothrips floridensis] MM96
    |--L. gaviotae (Moulton 1929) [=Haplothrips gaviotae] MM96
    |--L. herbae Girault 1928 G28c
    |--L. ilex (Moulton 1907) [=Trichothrips ilex] MM96
    |--L. invisus (Cott 1956) [=Rhynchothrips invisus] MM96
    |--L. laureli (Mason 1922) [=Cryptothrips laureli] MM96
    |--L. lepidus Cott 1956 MM96
    |--L. longitubus (Hood 1908) [=Trichothrips longitubus] MM96
    |--L. macgregori Johansen 1978 MM96
    |--L. matudai Johansen 1981 MM96
    |--L. melaleucae Girault 1926 G26
    |--L. mendesi Moulton 1933 MM96
    |--L. mexicanus (Moulton 1929) [=Hoplothrips mexicanus; incl. Teuchothrips pithecolobii Hood 1940] MM96
    |--L. mikaniae (Priesner 1923) [=Gynaikothrips mikaniae] MM96
    |--L. monoensis Kono 1964 MM96
    |--L. montanus Hood 1913 MM96
    |--L. muscorum Watson 1926 MM96
    |--L. neosmerinthi Mound & Palmer 1992 (see below for synonymy) MM96
    |--L. niger Girault 1927 GM79
    |--L. nigriculus (Hood 1956) [=Rhynchothrips nigriculus] MM96
    |--L. ocellatus Hood 1908 MM96
    |--L. oniscus Girault 1928 G28b
    |--L. parcus (Johansen 1978) [=Rhynchothrips parcus] MM96
    |--L. penetralis Hood 1935 MM96
    |--L. perseae Watson 1924 MM96
    |--L. peruviensis Moulton 1933 MM96
    |--L. piger (Hood 1925) [=Rhynchothrips piger] MM96
    |--L. priesneri Bianchi 1968 MM96
    |--L. pruni (Hood 1912) [=Rhynchothrips pruni] MM96
    |--L. querci Moulton 1929 MM96
    |--L. reticulaticeps Girault 1927 GM79
    |--L. rostratus (Hood 1927) [=Rhynchothrips rostratus] MM96
    |--L. russelli (Hood 1925) [=Rhynchothrips russelli] MM96
    |--L. salti Moulton 1933 MM96
    |--L. sambuci Hood 1913 MM96
    |--L. satanas (Priesner 1923) [=Gynaikothrips satanas] MM96
    |--L. seticollis Karny 1912 [incl. L. obscuricornis Priesner 1921] MM96
    |--L. similis Bagnall 1910 MM96
    |--L. striaticeps (Blanchard 1851) [=Thrips striaticeps] MM96
    |--L. sulcifrons (Hood 1936) [=Gynaikothrips sulcifrons] MM96
    |--L. tabascensis Johansen 1976 MM96
    |--L. tandiliensis (Liebermann & Gemignani 1931) [=Phloeothrips tandiliensis] MM96
    |--‘Neothrips’ tertius [=Rhynchothrips tertius] MM96
    |--L. tessariae Hood 1915 MM96
    |--L. tridentatus (Shull 1909) [=Trichothrips tridentatus; incl. L. leucogonis Hood 1915] MM96
    |--L. tupac Hood 1938 MM96
    |--L. umbripennis (Hood 1909) (see below for synonymy) MM96
    |--L. unicolor Moulton 1933 MM96
    |--L. urichi Karny 1923 MM96
    |--L. usitatus (Hood 1927) [=Rhynchothrips usitatus] MM96
    |--L. vaneeckei Priesner 1920 MM96
    |--L. varicornis Hood 1912 MM96
    |--L. vernoniae Moulton 1933 MM96
    |--L. versicolor (Moulton 1929) [=Rhynchothrips versicolor] MM96
    |--L. vigilax Hood 1938 MM96
    |--L. walsinghami Girault 1928 G28b
    |--L. xanthocerus Hood 1927 MM96
    `--L. zetecki Hood 1913 MM96

Liothrips caryae (Fitsch 1856) [=Phloeothrips caryae; incl. L. dendropogonis Watson 1938, L. floridensis Watson 1916] MM96

Liothrips neosmerinthi Mound & Palmer 1992 [incl. Neosmerinthothrips debilis Hood 1936 non Rhynchothrips debilis Hood 1925] MM96

Liothrips umbripennis (Hood 1909) [=Phyllothrips umbripennis; incl. L. mexicana Crawford 1910 non Hoplothrips mexicanus Moulton 1929] MM96

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[G26] Girault, A. A. 1926. New pests from Australia. III. Privately published (reprinted Gordh, G., A. S. Menke, E. C. Dahms & J. C. Hall. 1979. The privately printed papers of A. A. Girault. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 28: 203-204).

[G27] Girault, A. A. 1927. New Australian animals so far overlooked by outsiders. Privately published (reprinted Gordh, G., A. S. Menke, E. C. Dahms & J. C. Hall. 1979. The privately printed papers of A. A. Girault. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 28: 211-212).

[G28a] Girault, A. A. 1928a. A prodigeous discourse on wild animals. Privately published (reprinted Gordh, G., A. S. Menke, E. C. Dahms & J. C. Hall. 1979. The privately printed papers of A. A. Girault. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 28: 218-220).

[G28b] Girault, A. A. 1928b. Some Insecta and a new All Highness. Privately published (reprinted Gordh, G., A. S. Menke, E. C. Dahms & J. C. Hall. 1979. The privately printed papers of A. A. Girault. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 28: 225-228).

[G28c] Girault, A. A. 1928c. Notice of a curious professor and of native wasps and wood lice. Privately published (reprinted Gordh, G., A. S. Menke, E. C. Dahms & J. C. Hall. 1979. The privately printed papers of A. A. Girault. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 28: 229-232).

[GM79] Gordh, G., A. S. Menke, E. C. Dahms & J. C. Hall. 1979. The privately printed papers of A. A. Girault. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 28: 1-400.

[MM96] Mound, L. A., & R. Marullo. 1996. The thrips of Central and South America: an introduction (Insecta: Thysanoptera). Memoirs on Entomology, International 6: 1-487.