Spionida

Magelona sp., from here.

Belongs within: Sabellida.
Contains: PolydoraP.

The Spionida are a group of polychaete worms characterised by the presence of a pair of grooved peristomial feeding palps, associated with posteriorly-projecting nuchal organs.

<==Spionida
    |  i. s.: Uncispionidae RF98
    |--+--Longosomatidae RF98
    |  `--Magelona ZHT01 [Magelonidae RF98]
    |       |--M. mirabilis ZHT01
    |       |--M. papillicornis HS01
    |       `--M. sachalinensis KBC03
    `--+--Apistobranchus RP07 [Apistobranchidae RF98]
       |    `--A. typicus (Webster & Benedict 1887) RP07
       `--+--Trochochaeta SS07 [Trochochaetidae RF98]
          `--Spionidae RF98
               |  i. s.: Boccardiella magniovata W01
               |         Amphipolydora W01
               |         Polydorella Augener 1914 W04
               |           |--*P. prolifera Augener 1914 W04
               |           |--P. dawydoffi Radashevsky 1996 W04
               |           |--P. kamakamai Williams 2004 W04
               |           |--P. smurovi Tzetlin & Britayev 1985 W04
               |           `--P. stolonifera (Blake & Kudenov 1978) W04
               |         Pseudopolydora Czerniavksy 1881 W04
               |           |--P. novaegeorgiae (Gibbs 1971) [=Polydorella novaegeorgiae] W04
               |           `--P. paucibranchiata (Okudu 1937) HJ08
               |         Prionospio P62
               |           |--P. cirrifera KBC03
               |           |--P. pallidus (Hartman 1960) [=Spiophanes pallidus] P62
               |           `--P. tenuis (Verrill 1879) [=Spiophanes tenuis] P62
               |         Tripolydora Woodwick 1964 W01
               |           `--*T. spinosa Woodwick 1964 W01
               |         Spio K92
               |           |--S. filicornis Müller 1776 M62
               |           `--S. martinensis K92
               |         Carazziella Blake & Kudenov 1978 W01
               |           |--*C. citrona (Hartman 1941) [=Polydora citrona] W01
               |           |--C. carrascoi W01
               |           `--C. reishi (Woodwick 1964) [=Pseudopolydora reishi] W01
               |         Dipolydora Verrill 1879 W01
               |           |--*D. concharum (Verrill 1879) [=Polydora concharum] W01
               |           |--D. aciculata (Blake & Kudenov 1978) W04
               |           |--D. armata (Langerhans 1880) [=Polydora armata; incl. P. monilaris Ehlers 1905] W01
               |           |--D. blakei W01
               |           |--D. giardi W01
               |           |--D. socialis (Schmarda 1861) (see below for synonymy) W01
               |           |--D. tetrabranchia (Hartman 1945) W04
               |           `--D. tridenticulata (Woodwick 1964) [=Polydora tridenticulata] W01
               |         Boccardia Carazzi 1893 (see below for synonymy) W01
               |           |--*B. polybranchia (Haswell 1885) [=Polydora polybranchia] W01
               |           |--B. acus W01
               |           |--B. anopthalma W01
               |           |--B. berkeleyorum Blake & Woodwick 1971 W01
               |           |--B. chilensis W01
               |           |--‘*Perialla’ claparedei Kinberg 1866 W01
               |           |--B. galapagense W01
               |           |--B. lamellata W01
               |           |--B. otakouica W01
               |           |--‘Polydora’ perata Khlebovitsch 1959 [=*Neoboccardia perata] W01
               |           |--B. proboscidea Hartman 1940 HJ08
               |           |--B. syrtis (Rainer 1973) HS01, W01 [=*Paraboccardia syrtis W01]
               |           `--B. tricuspa W01
               |         Spione Örsted 1844 H62
               |           `--*S. trioculata Örsted 1844 H62
               |         Spiophanes Grube 1860 P62
               |           |--*S. kroyeri Grube 1860 (see below for synonymy) P62
               |           |--S. afer Meissner 2005 F05
               |           |--S. anoculata Hartman 1960 P62
               |           |--S. berkeleyorum Pettibone 1962 P62
               |           |--S. bombyx (Claparède 1870) [incl. S. verrilli Webster & Benedict 1884] P62
               |           |--S. longicirris Caullery 1915 P62
               |           |--S. missionensis Hartman 1941 P62
               |           |--S. soderstromi Hartman 1953 P62
               |           |--S. tcherniai Fauvel 1950 P62
               |           |--S. uschakovi Zachs 1933 P62
               |           `--S. wigleyi Pettibone 1962
               |         Lindaspio dibranchiata Blake & Maciolek 1992 W04
               |         Microspio pigmentata (Reish 1959) [=Spiophanes pigmentata] P62
               |--+--Aonides oxycephala (Sars 1872) RP07
               |  `--Poecilochaetus [Poecilochaetidae] RP07
               `--+--Malacoceros RP07
                  |--Polydora RP07
                  |--Pygospio RP07
                  |    |--P. elegans Claparède 1863 RP07
                  |    `--P. muscularis Ward 1981 W01
                  `--Scolelepis RP07
                       |--S. fuliginosa K92
                       `--S. squamata (Müller 1789) RP07

Boccardia Carazzi 1893 [incl. Neoboccardia Buzhinskaja 1985, Paraboccardia Rainer 1973, Perialla Kinberg 1866 (n. o.)] W01

Dipolydora socialis (Schmarda 1861) [=Leucodore socialis, Polydora socialis; incl. P. caeca var. magna Berkeley 1927, P. neocardalia Hartman 1961, P. socialis plena Berkeley & Berkeley 1936] W01

*Spiophanes kroyeri Grube 1860 [incl. S. cirrata Sars 1871, S. fimbriata Moore 1923, S. malayensis Caullery 1915] P62

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[F05] Fernández, J. 2005. Noticia de nuevos táxones para la ciencia en el ámbito Íbero-Balear y Macaronésico. Nuevos táxones animales descritos en la península Ibérica y Macaronesia desde 1994 (IX). Graellsia 61 (2): 261–282.

[HS01] Hayward, B. W., A. B. Stephenson, M. S. Morley, W. M. Blom, H. R. Grenfell, F. J. Brook, J. L. Riley, F. Thompson & J. J. Hayward. 2001. Marine biota of Parengarenga Harbour, Northland, New Zealand. Records of the Auckland Museum 37: 45–80.

[H62] Howell, B. F. 1962. Worms. In: Moore, R. C. (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt W. Miscellanea: Conodonts, Conoidal Shells of Uncertain Affinities, Worms, Trace Fossils and Problematica pp. W144–W177. Geological Society of America, and University of Kansas Press.

[HJ08] Huisman, J. M., D. S. Jones, F. E. Wells & T. Burton. 2008. Introduced marine biota in Western Australian waters. Records of the Western Australian Museum 25 (1): 1–44.

[KBC03] Kashin, I. A., E. V. Bagaveeva & S. F. Chaplygina. 2003. Fouling communities of hydrotechnical constructions in Nakhodka Bay (Sea of Japan). Russian Journal of Marine Biology 29: 267–283.

[K92] Kozloff, E. N. 1992. The genera of the phylum Orthonectida. Cahiers de Biologie Marine 33: 377–406.

[M62] Monniot, F. 1962. Recherches sur les graviers a Amphioxus de la région de Banyuls-sur-Mer. Vie et Milieu 13: 231–322.

[P62] Pettibone, M. H. 1962. New species of polychaete worms (Spionidae: Spiophanes) from the east and west coast of North America. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 75: 77–88.

[RF98] Rouse, G. W., & K. Fauchald. 1998. Recent views on the status, delineation and classification of the Annelida. American Zoologist 38: 953–964.

[RP07] Rousset, V., F. Pleijel, G. W. Rouse, C. Erséus & M. E. Siddall. 2007. A molecular phylogeny of annelids. Cladistics 23: 41–63.

[SS07] Struck, T. H., N. Schutt, T. Kusen, E. Hickman, C. Bleidorn, D. McHugh & K. M. Halanych. 2007. Annelid phylogeny and the status of Sipuncula and Echiura. BMC Evolutionary Biology 7: 57.

[W01] Williams, J. D. 2001. Polydora and related genera associated with hermit crabs from the Indo-West Pacific (Polychaeta: Spionidae), with descriptions of two new species and a second polydorid egg predator of hermit crabs. Pacific Science 55 (4): 429–465.

[W04] Williams, J. D. 2004. Reproduction and morphology of Polydorella (Polychaeta: Spionidae), including the description of a new species from the Philippines. Journal of Natural History 38: 1339–1358.

[ZHT01] Zrzavý, J., V. Hypša & D. F. Tietz. 2001. Myzostomida are not annelids: molecular and morphological support for a clade of animals with anterior sperm flagella. Cladistics 17: 170–198.