Gryllacridinae

Female Chauliogryllacris, copyright David Rentz.


Belongs within: Stenopelmatidae.

The Gryllacridinae are a group of mostly robust but relatively soft-bodied nocturnal orthopterans that stridulate by rubbing a rasp of pegs on the hind femur against hairs or tubercles on the side of the abdomen. They are often known as 'leaf-rolling crickets' due to the practice of some species of tying leaves together with silk produced by the mouthparts, but not all species engage in this behaviour. Rentz (1996) suggested the alternative vernacular name of 'raspy crickets' as more representative. The group is most diverse in the tropics and the Southern Hemisphere with only a small number of species in northern temperate regions (Hale & Rentz 2001).

Characters (from Gorochov 2001; Hale & Rentz 2001): Generally robust, 1 to 15 cm in length; usually winged (occasionally brachypterous or apterous). Antennae filamentous, generally as long as or longer than body. Rostrum of head between antennae usually rather wide, not tubercle-like. Fore thoracic stigmata with distinct rudiment of third lobule and rather large hind projection. Tarsi depressed, soft, with three pairs of prominent lateral lobes of more or less widened pulvilli; fore coxae with spine; fore tibiae lacking spines or auditory organs; hind femur with pegs on inner surface, rubbing against tubercles or hairs on opposing sides of abdominal tergites. Male abdominal apex with enlarged ninth tergite. Ovipositor usually well developed.

<==Gryllacridinae [Gryllacrididae, Gryllacrinae]
    |--Hadrogryllacris magnifica MC13
    |--Ametrus tibialis HR01
    |--Paragryllacris combusta HR01
    |--Craspedogryllacris atrofrons HR01, R96
    |--Cooraboorama canberrae HR01
    |--Pararemus callabonnensis [=Eonius callabonnensis] HR01
    |--Australogryllacris HR01
    |--Xanthogryllacris punctipennis HR01
    |--Hyalogryllacris HR01
    |--Mooracra canobolas HR01
    |--Pteropotrechus HR01
    |--Wirritina brevipes HR01
    |--Nullanullia maitlia HR01
    |--Camptonotus carolinensis TW05
    |--Kinemania ambulans R96
    |--Nunkeria HR01
    |    |--N. brochis HR01
    |    `--N. feehami R96
    |--Apotrechus HR01
    |    |--A. illawarra R96
    |    `--A. unicolor HR01
    |--Chauliogryllacris HR01
    |    |--C. grahami HR01
    |    `--C. lobata R96
    |--Bothriogryllacris HR01
    |    |--B. brevicauda HR01
    |    |--B. pinguipes HR01
    |    `--B. turris HR01
    |--Gryllacris G01
    |    |--G. cruenta Brunner 1888 R18
    |    |--G. harpistylata Rehn 1918 R18
    |    |--G. laevigata R18
    |    `--G. magnifica G75
    `--Arrolla HR01
         |--A. lewisi HR01
         |--A. longicauda HR01
         |--A. platystyla HR01
         |--A. rotamah HR01
         |--A. tibialis HR01
         |--A. turramurrae HR01
         `--A. weiri HR01

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[G01] Gorochov, A. V. 2001. The higher classification, phylogeny and evolution of the superfamily Stenopelmatoidea. In: Field, L. H. (ed.) The Biology of Wetas, King Crickets and Their Allies pp. 3–33. CABI Publishing: Wallingford (UK).

[G75] Gross, G. F. 1975. Plant-feeding and Other Bugs (Hemiptera) of South Australia. Heteroptera—Part I. Handbook of the Flora and Fauna of South Australia.

[HR01] Hale, R. J., & D. C. F. Rentz. 2001. The Gryllacrididae: an overview of the world fauna with emphasis on Australian examples. In: Field, L. H. (ed.) The Biology of Wetas, King Crickets and Their Allies pp. 95–110. CABI Publishing: Wallingford (UK).

[MC13] Majer, J. D., S. K. Callan, K. Edwards, N. R. Gunawardene & C. K. Taylor. 2013. Baseline survey of the terrestrial invertebrate fauna of Barrow Island. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 83: 13–112.

[R18] Rehn, J. A. G. 1918. On a collection of Orthoptera from the State of ParĂ¡, Brazil. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 70: 144–236, pls 1–2.

[R96] Rentz, D. 1996. Grasshopper Country: The abundant orthopteroid insects of Australia. University of New South Wales Press: Sydney.

[TW05] Terry, M. D., & M. F. Whiting. 2005. Mantophasmatodea and phylogeny of the lower neopterous insects. Cladistics 21: 240–257.

Last updated: 26 July 2020.

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