Paneurypalpidomorpha

Western river cruiser Macromia magnifica, copyright Jim Johnson.

Belongs within: Brachystigmata.
Contains: Libellulidae, Hemicorduliidae, Synthemistidae.

The Paneurypalpidomorpha are a clade of dragonflies in which the wings have the anterior margin of the hypertriangle distinctly convex, and the primary antenodals close together (Bechly & Ueda 2002).

Synapomorphies (from Bechly & Ueda 2002) Anterior margin of hypertriangle distinctly convex, especially in the hindwings, because of a basally arched MA; primary antenodal Ax1 in fore wing shifted basal of level of distal angle of discoidal triangle; Ax1 and Ax2 in both pairs of wings relatively close together with not more than one secondary antenodal crossvein between them; lestine oblique vein only 1–2 cells distad of subnodus in both pairs of wings; forewing discoidal triangle more or less transverse instead of elongate; discoidal triangles unicellular in both pairs of wings (occasionally reversed in hind wing).

<==Paneurypalpidomorpha BU02
    |--Juracordulia Bechly 1998 [Juracorduliidae] BU02
    |    `--J. schiemenzi Bechly 1998 BU02
    `--Eurypalpidomorpha BU02
         |--Valdicordulioidea BU02
         |    |--Valdicorduliidae BU02
         |    `--Araripephlebiidae BU02
         `--Eurypalpidiformia BU02
              |--Eocordulia R02 [Eocorduliidae BU02]
              |    `--E. cretacea Pritykina 1986 RJ93
              `--Libelluloidea [Paneurypalpida] BU02
                   |  i. s.: Palaeolibellula S02
                   |--Libellulidae TH06
                   |--Hemicorduliidae WO91
                   |--Synthemistidae WO91
                   |--Oxygastridae TH06
                   |    |--Hesperocordulia berthoudi Tillyard 1911 WO91, TH06
                   |    `--Oxygastra TH06
                   |--Pseudocordulia Tillyard 1909 T09 [Pseudocorduliidae TH06]
                   |    |--*P. circularis Tillyard 1909 T09
                   |    `--P. elliptica Tillyard 1913 TH06
                   |--Gomphomacromiidae [Gomphomacromiinae] WO91
                   |    |--Gomphomacromia Brauer 1864 FB03
                   |    |    |--*G. paradoxa T09
                   |    |    `--G. volxemi T09
                   |    `--Archaeophya TH06
                   |         |--A. adamsi Fraser 1959 TH06
                   |         `--A. magnifica Theischinger & Watson 1978 TH06
                   |--Cordulephyidae [Cordulephyinae] FB03
                   |    |--Neocordulia TH06
                   |    `--Cordulephya TH06
                   |         |--*C. pygmaea Selys 1870 T09, TH06
                   |         |--C. bidens Sjöstedt 1917 TH06
                   |         |--C. divergens Tillyard 1917 TH06
                   |         `--C. montana Tillyard 1911 TH06
                   |--Urothemistidae [Macrodiplactidae, Urothemistinae] TH06
                   |    |--Macrodiplax cora (Kaup 1867) TH06
                   |    |--Urothemis TH06
                   |    |    |--U. aliena Selys 1878 TH06
                   |    |    `--U. sanguinea [=Libellula sanguinea; incl. L. signata] SL89
                   |    `--Aethriamanta TH06
                   |         |--A. circumsignata Selys 1897 TH06
                   |         `--A. nymphaeae Lieftinck 1949 TH06
                   |--Macromiidae [Macromiinae] GE05
                   |    |--Pseudomacromia [Pseudomacromiidae] GE05
                   |    |    `--P. sensibilis Carle & Wighton 1990 RJ93
                   |    `--Macromia TH06
                   |         |--M. cincta SL89
                   |         |--M. clio Ris 1916 I92
                   |         |--M. kubokaiya Asahina 1964 I92
                   |         |--M. magnifica A99
                   |         |--M. splendens T09
                   |         |--M. tillyardi Martin 1906 TH06
                   |         |--M. urania Ris 1916 I92
                   |         |--M. viridescens Tillyard 1911 TH06
                   |         `--M. westwoodii SL89
                   |--Corduliidae [Cordulinae] WO91
                   |    |--Pentathemis membranulata Karsch 1890 TH06
                   |    |--Metaphya tillyardi Ris 1913 TH06
                   |    |--Dorocordulia A07
                   |    |--Epitheca P74
                   |    |--Helocordulia P74
                   |    |--Neurocordulia P74
                   |    |--Somatochlora A07
                   |    |--Cordulia aenea K01
                   |    |--Didymops A07
                   |    |--Epicordulia A07
                   |    |--Tetragoneuria A07
                   |    |--*Neophya rutherfordi T09
                   |    `--Syncordulia T09
                   `--Austrocorduliidae TH06
                        |--Apocordulia macrops Watson 1980 TH06
                        |--Austrophya Tillyard 1909 TH06, T09
                        |    `--*A. mystica Tillyard 1909 T09
                        |--Lathrocordulia TH06
                        |    |--L. garrisoni Theischinger & Watson 1991 TH06
                        |    `--L. metallica Tillyard 1911 TH06
                        |--Micromidia TH06
                        |    |--M. atrifrons (McLachlan 1883) TH06
                        |    |--M. convergens Theischinger & Watson 1978 TH06
                        |    `--M. rodericki Fraser 1959 TH06
                        `--Austrocordulia Tillyard 1908 T09
                             |--*A. refracta Tillyard 1909 T09
                             |    |--A. r. refracta TH06
                             |    `--A. r. jurzitzai TH06
                             |--A. leonardi Theischinger 1973 TH06
                             `--A. territoria Theischinger & Watson 1978 TH06

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[A07] Anderson, T. M. 2007. An assessment of water mite parasitism of dragonflies based on museum collections. In: Morales-Malacara, J. B., V. M. Behan-Pelletier, E. Ueckermann, T. M. Pérez, E. G. Estrada-Venegas & M. Badii (eds) Acarology XI: Proceedings of the International Congress pp. 61–69. Instituto de Biología and Faculdad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Sociedad Latinoamericana de Acarología: México.

[A99] Ax, P. 1999. Das System der Metazoa II. Ein Lehrbuch der phylogenetischen Systematik. Gustav Fisher Verlag: Stuttgart (translated: 2000. Multicellular Animals: The phylogenetic system of the Metazoa vol. 2. Springer).

[BU02] Bechly, G., & K. Ueda. 2002. The first fossil record and first New World record for the dragonfly clade Chlorogomphida (Insecta: Odonata: Anisoptera: Araripechlorogomphidae n. fam.) from the Crato Limestone (Lower Cretaceous, Brazil). Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde Serie B (Geologie und Paläontologie) 328: 1–11.

[FB03] Fleck, G., G. Bechly, X. Martínez-Delclòs, E. Jarzembowski, R. Coram & A. Nel. 2003. Phylogeny and classification of the Stenophlebioptera (Odonata: Epiproctophora). Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France 39 (1): 55–93.

[GE05] Grimaldi, D., & M. S. Engel. 2005. Evolution of the Insects. Cambridge University Press: New York.

[I92] Iwahashi, J. (ed.) 1992. Reddo Deeta Animaruzu: a pictorial of Japanese fauna facing extinction. JICC: Tokyo.

[K01] Klapálek, F. 1901. Neuropteroidák [Neuropteroiden]. In: Horváth, G. (ed.) Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazása [Dritte Asiatische Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] vol. 2. Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazásának Állattani Eredményei [Zoologische Ergebnisse der Dritten Asiatischen Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] pp. 203–221. Victor Hornyánszky: Budapest, and Karl W. Hierseman: Leipzig.

[P74] Paulson, D. R. 1974. Reproductive isolation in damselflies. Systematic Zoology 23 (1): 40–49.

[R02] Rasnitsyn, A. P. 2002. Special features of the study of fossil insects. In: Rasnitsyn, A. P., & D. L. J. Quicke (eds) History of Insects pp. 8–12. Kluwer Academic Publishers: Dordrecht.

[RJ93] Ross, A. J., & E. A. Jarzembowski. 1993. Arthropoda (Hexapoda; Insecta). In: Benton, M. J. (ed.) The Fossil Record 2 pp. 363–426. Chapman & Hall: London.

[SL89] Selys Longchamps, E. de. 1889. Odonates de Sumatra comprenant les espèces recueillies à Pulo Nias par M. le D.^r E. Modigliani. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova, Serie 2^a, 7: 444–484.

[S02] Sinitshenkova, N. D. 2002. Ecological history of the aquatic insects. In: Rasnitsyn, A. P., & D. L. J. Quicke (eds) History of Insects pp. 388–426. Kluwer Academic Publishers: Dordrecht.

[TH06] Theischinger, G., & J. Hawking. 2006. The Complete Field Guide to Dragonflies of Australia. CSIRO Publishing: Collingwood (Victoria).

[T09] Tillyard, R. J. 1909. On some remarkable Australian Corduliinae, with descriptions of new species. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 33: 737–751, pls 21–22.

[WO91] Watson, J. A. L., & A. F. O’Farrell. 1991. Odonata (dragonflies and damselflies). In: CSIRO. The Insects of Australia: A textbook for students and research workers vol. 1 pp. 294–310. Melbourne University Press: Carlton (Victoria).