Batocrinidae

Eretmocrinus, copyright Hectonichus.

Belongs within: Compsocrinina.

The Batocrinidae are a group of crinoids bearing a crown of numerous unbranched arms, known from the Early Carboniferous (Ubaghs 1978b).

Characters (from Ubaghs 1978b): Theca variable in shape; basals three, equal; one to fifteen interprimibrachs in each interray may or may not be in contact with tegmen; primanal in line with radials and succeeded by three anal plates in next range, three to nineteen anal plates may or may not be in contact with tegmen; first fixed brachial externally quadrangular or axillary; second fixed brachial typically axillary; one to five fixed secundibrachs and none to five fixed tertibrachs in each half-ray, latter commonly present in C and D rays, rarely in A ray. Free arms biserial, unbranched, single or paired from each ambulacral opening into theca, 10 to 40 and typically unequal in number in different rays of same individual. Anal opening at end of long, slender central or subcentral anal tube; oral and radial dome plates distinct.

Batocrinidae [Batocrininae, Batocrinites]
    |--Batocrinus Casseday 1854 U78b
    |    `--*B. icosidactylus Casseday 1854 U78b
    |--Alloprosallocrinus Casseday & Lyon 1862 (see below for synonymy) U78b
    |    `--*A. conicus Casseday & Lyon 1862 U78b
    |--Azygocrinus Lane 1963 U78b
    |    `--*A. dodecadactylus (Meek & Worthen 1861) [=Actinocrinus dodecadactylus] U78b
    |--Eutrochocrinus Wachsmuth & Springer 1897 U78b
    |    `--*E. christyi (Shumard 1855) [=Actinocrinus christyi] U78b
    |--Globocrinus Weller 1920 U78b
    |    `--*G. unionensis (Worthen 1890) [=Batocrinus unionensis] U78b
    |--Dizygocrinus Wachsmuth & Springer 1897 U78b
    |    |--*D. indianaensis (Lyon & Casseday 1860) [=Actinocrinus indianaensis] U78b
    |    `--D. cantonensis U78a
    |--Abatocrinus Lane 1963 U78b
    |    |--*A. turbinatus (Hall 1858) [=Actinocrinus turbinatus] U78b
    |    |--A. clypeatus U78a
    |    `--A. grandis U78a
    |--Macrocrinus Wachsmuth & Springer 1897 U78b
    |    |--*M. konincki (Shumard 1855) [=Actinocrinus konincki] U78b
    |    |--M. jucundus U78b
    |    `--M. verneuilianus U78a
    |--Uperocrinus Meek & Worthen 1865 [=Hyperocrinus Bather 1897; incl. Lobocrinus Wachsmuth & Springer 1897] U78b
    |    |--*U. pyriformis (Shumard 1855) [=Actinocrinus pyriformis, *Hyperocrinus pyriformis] U78b
    |    |--U. longirostris U78a
    |    `--U. nashvillae (Troost 1850) [=Actinocrinus nashvillae, *Lobocrinus nashvillae] U78b
    `--Eretmocrinus Lyon & Casseday 1859 U78b
         |--*E. magnificus Lyon & Casseday 1859 U78b
         `--E. remibrachiatus U78b
              |--E. r. remibrachiatus U78b
              `--E. r. expansus U78b

Alloprosallocrinus Casseday & Lyon 1862 [incl. Conocrinites Troost 1850 (n. n.), Conocrinus Shumard 1868 non d’Orbigny 1850] U78b

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[U78a] Ubaghs, G. 1978a. Skeletal morphology of fossil crinoids. In: Moore, R. C., & C. Teichert (eds) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt T. Echinodermata 2. Crinoidea vol. 1 pp. T58–T216. The Geological Society of America, Inc.: Boulder (Colorado), and The University of Kansas: Lawrence (Kansas).

[U78b] Ubaghs, G. 1978b. Camerata. In: Moore, R. C., & C. Teichert (eds) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt T. Echinodermata 2. Crinoidea vol. 2 pp. T408–T519. The Geological Society of America, Inc.: Boulder (Colorado), and The University of Kansas: Lawrence (Kansas).