Blattellidae

Little gem cockroach Aglaopteryx gemma, copyright Jeff Garner.

Belongs within: Blattaria.
Contains: Ischnoptera, Parcoblattini.

The Blattellidae are a diverse group of small to medium-sized, mostly fast-running cockroaches.

Characters (from Roth 1991): Size usually small to medium; antennae longer than half body length. Legs long, slender, spiny, ventral surfaces of tarsi spined. Tegmina and wings fully developed or with reduced wings in both sexes, sometimes with small tegmina only. In fully alate forms, hind wings with or without an apical triangle; R usually well developed, with simple, regularly spaced anterior rami; CuA unbranched (simple), or with complete branches only, or with both complete and incomplete rami. Cerci fairly long, tapering, extending well beyond body. Male abdominal terga unspecialised, or with one or two modified terga used in sexual behaviour. Male subgenital plate (S9) asymmetrical or symmetrical, usually with two styles; hooklike genital phallomere on right or left sides. Female subgenital plate broad, rounded, rarely bivalvular. Oviparous or ovoviparous.

<==Blattellidae [Phyllodromiidae] BP10
    |--Nyctiborinae BP10
    |    |--Paratropes elegans (Burmeister 1838) [=Phoraspis elegans] R18
    |    `--Nyctibora glabra R15
    |--Anaplecta Burmeister 1838 [Anaplectidae, Anaplectinae] BP10
    |    |--A. bivittata Brunner 1865 R18
    |    |--A. lateralis R18
    |    |--A. minutissima [=Holocompsa minutissima] R18
    |    |--A. pumila R18
    |    `--A. replicata Saussure & Zehntner 1893 R18
    |--Attaphila Wheeler 1900 G37 [Attaphilinae BP10]
    |    |--*A. fungicola Wheeler 1900 G37
    |    |--A. bergi Bolivar 1901 G37
    |    |    |--A. b. bergi G37
    |    |    `--A. b. minor Bruch 1916 G37
    |    |--A. fiava Gurney 1937 G37
    |    |--A. schuppi Bolivar 1905 G37
    |    `--A. sexdentis Bolivar 1905 G37
    |--Ectobiinae [Ectobiidae] BP10
    |    |--Choristima Tepper 1895 BP10
    |    |--Choristimoides R96
    |    |--Ectoneura Shelford 1907 BP10
    |    |--Stenectoneura Hebard 1943 BP10
    |    |--Phyllodromica Fieber 1853 BP10
    |    |    `--P. megerlei BM76
    |    |--Ectobius Stephens 1835 BP10
    |    |    |--‘Ectobia’ ericetorum (Wesm. 1838) [=Blatta ericetorum] K00
    |    |    |--E. germanicus B88
    |    |    |--E. lapponica A99 [=Phyllodromia lapponica B01; incl. P. hemiptera B01]
    |    |    |--E. lividus BM76
    |    |    `--E. silvestris BB16
    |    `--Aphlebia K00
    |         |--A. bicolor Kirby 1900 K00
    |         `--A. transvaaliensis Kirby 1900 K00
    |--Pseudophyllodromiinae [Plectopteridae, Plectopterinae] BP10
    |    |--Balta bicolor R96
    |    |--Allacta R96
    |    |--Margattea R96
    |    |--Mediastinia R96
    |    |--Megamareta phaneropyga R96
    |    |--Nahublattella Brujining 1959 BP10
    |    |--Shelfordina Hebard 1929 R96, V10
    |    |    `--S. orchidae [=Imblattella orchidae] R96
    |    |--Ellipsidion R96
    |    |    |--E. australe R96
    |    |    |--E. bicolor R96
    |    |    |--E. humerale R96
    |    |    |--E. magnificum C91
    |    |    `--E. pellucidum B88
    |    `--Supella Shelford 1911 BP10
    |         |--S. longipalpa TW05
    |         `--S. supellectilium (see below for synonymy) B37
    |--Pseudomopinae R90
    |    |--Xestoblatta nyctiboroides (Rehn 1906) [=Ischnoptera nyctiboroides] R18
    |    |--Pseudomops R18
    |    |    |--P. affinis (Burmeister 1838) [=Thyrsocera affinis] R18
    |    |    |--P. angusta Walker 1868 R18
    |    |    |--P. annulicornis (Burmeister 1838) [=Thyrsocera annulicornis; incl. P. deceptura] R18
    |    |    `--P. neglecta R15
    |    |--Neoblattella R18
    |    |    |--N. conspersa (Brunner 1865) [=Phyllodromia conspersa] R18
    |    |    |--N. pellucida (Burmeister 1838) [=Blatta pellucida] R18
    |    |    `--N. titania (Rehn 1903) [=Blatella titania] R18
    |    |--Cariblatta R18
    |    |    |--C. fossicauda Hebard 1916 R18
    |    |    |--C. igarapensis Rehn 1918 R18
    |    |    |--C. lutea BM76
    |    |    `--C. minima BM76
    |    |--Ceratinoptera R15
    |    |    |--C. otomia (Saussure 1868) R15
    |    |    `--C. puerilis Rehn 1915 R15
    |    |--Ischnoptera R18
    |    `--Aglaopteryx Hebard 1917 G37
    |         |--*A. gemma Hebard 1917 G37
    |         |--A. absimilis Gurney 1937 G37
    |         |--A. devia G37
    |         |--A. diaphana G37
    |         |--A. lita Hebard 1919 G37
    |         |--A. mira G37
    |         |--A. notabilis Gurney 1937 G37
    |         |--A. occulta G37
    |         `--A. vegeta G37
    `--Blattellinae BP10
         |  i. s.: Carbrunneria R96
         |         Dyakinides R96
         |         Eowilsonia biglandulifera R96
         |         Escala R96
         |         Hensaussurea R96
         |         Johnrehnia R96
         |         Richanistchia R96
         |         Robshelfordia circumducta R96
         |         Hemithyrsocera Saussure 1893 BP10
         |         Symplocodes Hebard 1929 BP10
         |         Pseudothyrsocera Shelford 1906 BP10
         |         Burchellia Rehn 1933 BP10
         |         Beybienkoa Roth 1991 R96, V10
         |           `--B. kurandaensis R96
         |         Saltoblattella Bohn, Picker et al. 2010 BP10
         |           `--*S. montistabularis Bohn, Picker et al. 2010 BP10
         |         Blattella BP10
         |           |--B. conspersa R15
         |           |--B. germanica Linnaeus 1767 W08
         |           `--B. signata BM76
         `--Parcoblattini RD77

Blattellidae incertae sedis:
  Piniblattella vitimica VVR02
  Theganopteryx BP10
  Richanitschia luteomarginata R91
  Stavella R91
  Phyllodromia D51
    |--P. bivittata (Serv. 1839) [=Blatta bivittata] K00
    |--P. delta Kirby 1900 K00
    |--P. germanica D51
    |--P. ruficeps Kirby 1900 K00
    |--P. supellectilium K00
    `--P. vinula [incl. P. amoena] K00
  Blattina P92
  Temnopteryx variegata P92, K00

Supella supellectilium [incl. Blatta capensis, B. cubensis, Phlodromia delta, B. extenuata, B. figurata, B. incisa, B. phalerata, Ischnoptera quadriplaga, B. subsastiata, B. transversalis] B37

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[A99] Ax, P. 1999. Das System der Metazoa II. Ein Lehrbuch der phylogenetischen Systematik. Gustav Fisher Verlag: Stuttgart (translated: 2000. Multicellular Animals: The phylogenetic system of the Metazoa vol. 2. Springer).

[B37] Back, E. A. 1937. The increasing importance of the cockroach, Supella supellectilium Serv., as a pest in the United States. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 39 (8): 205–213.

[BB16] Bai, M., R. G. Beutel, K.-D. Klass, W. Zhang, X. Yang & B. Wipfler. 2016. Alienoptera—a new insect order in the roach-mantodean twilight zone. Gondwana Research 39: 317–326.

[BM76] Bohart, R. M., & A. S. Menke. 1976. Sphecid Wasps of the World. University of California Press: Berkeley.

[BP10] Bohn, H., M. Picker, K.-D. Klass & J. Colville. 2010. A jumping cockroach from South Africa, Saltoblattella montistabularis, gen. nov., spec. nov. (Blattodea: Blattellidae). Arthropod Systematics and Phylogeny 68 (1): 53-69.

[B01] Bolivar, I. 1901. Orthopterák [Orthoptères]. In: Horváth, G. (ed.) Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazása [Dritte Asiatische Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] vol. 2. Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazásának Állattani Eredményei [Zoologische Ergebnisse der Dritten Asiatischen Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] pp. 223–243. Victor Hornyánszky: Budapest, and Karl W. Hierseman: Leipzig.

[B88] Bouček, Z. 1988. Australasian Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera): A biosystematic revision of genera of fourteen families, with a reclassification of species. CAB International: Wallingford (UK).

[C91] CSIRO. 1991. The Insects of Australia: A textbook for students and research workers vol. 1. Melbourne University Press: Carlton (Victoria).

[D51] Dobzhansky, T. 1951. Genetics and the Origin of Species 3^rd ed. Columbia University Press: New York.

[G37] Gurney, A. B. 1937. Studies in certain genera of American Blattidae (Orthoptera). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 39 (5): 101–112.

[K00] Kirby, W. F. 1900. Notes on a collection of African Blattidae, chiefly from the Transvaal, formed by Mr. W. L. Distant. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, series 7, 5: 277–294.

[P92] Poinar, G. O., Jr. 1992. Life in Amber. Stanford University Press: Stanford.

[R15] Rehn, J. A. G. 1915. A further contribution to the knowledge of the Orthoptera of Argentina. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 67 (2): 270–292.

[R18] Rehn, J. A. G. 1918. On a collection of Orthoptera from the State of Pará, Brazil. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 70: 144–236, pls 1–2.

[R96] Rentz, D. 1996. Grasshopper Country: The abundant orthopteroid insects of Australia. University of New South Wales Press: Sydney.

[RD77] Richards, O. W., & R. G. Davies. 1977. Imms' General Textbook of Entomology 10^th ed. vol. 2. Classification and Biology. Chapman and Hall: London.

[R90] Roth, L. M. 1990. A revision of the Australian Parcoblattini (Blattaria: Blattellidae: Blattellinae). Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 28 (2): 531–596.

[R91] Roth, L. M. 1991. Blatttodea. Blattaria (cockroaches). In: CSIRO. The Insects of Australia: A textbook for students and research workers vol. 1 pp. 320–329. Melbourne University Press: Carlton (Victoria).

[TW05] Terry, M. D., & M. F. Whiting. 2005. Mantophasmatodea and phylogeny of the lower neopterous insects. Cladistics 21: 240–257.

[V10] Vršanský, P. 2010. Cockroach as the earliest eusocial animal. Acta Geologica Sinica (English Edition) 84 (4): 793–808.

[VVR02] Vršanský, P., V. N. Vishniakova & A. P. Rasnitsyn. 2002. Order Blattida Latreille, 1810. The cockroaches (=Blattodea Brunner von Wattenvill, 1882). In: Rasnitsyn, A. P., & D. L. J. Quicke (eds) History of Insects pp. 263–270. Kluwer Academic Publishers: Dordrecht.

[W08] Wetterer, J. K. 2008. Worldwide spread of the longhorn crazy ant, Paratrechina longicornis (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Myrmecological News 11: 137–149.