Anthribidae

Coffee bean weevil Araecerus fasciculatus, from PaDIL.

Belongs within: Coleoptera.

The Anthribidae are a group of weevils with a flattened rostrum retaining a visible labrum, and non-elbowed antennae, whose larvae feed on dead wood, galls and fungi (Britton 1970).

Characters (from Britton 1970): Rostrum, broad, short or elongate, flattened; antennae not elbowed, scape shorter than pedicel, short with three-segmented club, or elongate without club or with only slightly marked club; labrum visible; maxillae with lacinia present; maxillary palpi slender, four-segmented, flexible; mentum large, pedunculate, ligula large, sclerotised; gular sutures not visible; prothorax with lateral margins present on basal half; fore coxal cavities contiguous, coxae globular; mid coxal cavities broadly closed by sterna; abdomen with four sternites connate, apical sternite only movable; elytra with inner flange below shoulder; pygidium largely exposed; tarsi with third segment deeply bilobed, embraced by prominent angles of second; claws sometimes toothed beneath. Larva curved, fleshy, widest in middle; head usually exserted, hypognathous; antennae one-segmented or absent; legs absent or with reduced segments.

<==Anthribidae
    |--Urodontinae [Urodontidae] B14
    |    |--Urodon pygmaeus C01
    |    |--Bruchela [Bruchelinae] B14
    |    |--Cercomorphus B14
    |    `--Urodontellus B14
    |         |--U. lilii (Fåhraeus 1839) B14
    |         |--U. vermiculatus B14
    |         `--U. vicinialilii B14
    |--Choraginae B14
    |    |--Choragini B14
    |    |    |--Apteroxenus globulosus Valentine 1979 B14
    |    |    `--Euxenulus B14
    |    `--Araecerus Schoenherr 1823 M94 [Araecerini B14]
    |         |--*A. coffeae (Fabricius 1801) [=Anthribus coffeae] M94
    |         |--A. fasciatus B49
    |         |--A. fasciculatus (de Geer 1775) B14 [incl. A. sambucinus MacLeay in Boisduval 1835 M87, B35]
    |         |--A. lutatus (Fairmaire 1849) [incl. A. vieillardi] M94
    |         `--A. palmaris (Pascoe 1882) [=Doticus palmaris] M94
    `--Anthribinae B14
         |  i. s.: Anthribus B14
         |           |--A. attelaboides [=Rhinomacer attelaboides] L02
         |           |--A. fasciatus B14
         |           |--A. latirostris L02
         |           |--A. nebulosus Forster 1770 B14
         |           |--A. rufipes [=Bruchus rufipes] L02
         |           |--A. scabrosus L02
         |           |--A. scapularis B14
         |           `--A. suturalis [=Bruchus suturalis] L02
         |         Toxonotus MW15
         |         Cacephatus Blackburn 1900 M94
         |           |--*C. sericeus Blackburn 1900 M94
         |           |--C. aucklandicus M94
         |           |--C. huttoni M94
         |           `--C. inornatus M94
         |         Euciodes Pascoe 1866 M94
         |           `--*E. suturalis Pascoe 1866 M94
         |         Eucorynus Schoenherr 1826 M94
         |           |--*E. crassicornis [=Anthribus crassicornis] M94
         |           `--E. mastersi Blackburn 1900 M94
         |         Phloeobius Schoenherr 1823 M94
         |           `--P. gigas (Fabricius 1775) M94 (see below for synonymy)
         |         Platystomos albinus GC-P14
         |--Exechesops [Zygaenodini] B14
         |    `--E. leucopis (Jordan 1928) B14
         `--Gymnognathini B14
              |--Xynotropis B14
              `--Lichenobius B14
                   |--L. littoralis Holloway 1970 B14
                   |--L. maritimus B14
                   `--L. silvicola B14

Anthribidae incertae sedis:
  Notochoragus crassus (Sharp 1876) E02
  Anthribites rechenbergi Kolbe 1888 (n. d.) Z02
  Brachytarsus pantherinus Lucas 1846 A71, E12
  Phymatus phymatodes WFS04
  Pleosporius bullatus WFS04
  Sharpius brouni [=Anthribus brouni] B88
  Euxenus L88
  Cyptoxenus L88
  Cacorhinus lateripictus LB91
  Ancyclotropis waterhousei LB91
  Xenocerus M87
    |--X. arciferus Blanch 1853 M86
    `--X. leucogrammus Mots. 1874 M87
  Litocerus M86
    |--L. fasciatus Macleay 1886 M86
    |--L. parvulus Macleay 1886 M86
    |--L. perplexus M86
    `--L. subconvexus Macleay 1886 M86
  Nessiara M86
    |--N. irrorata Macleay 1886 M86
    `--N. unituberculata Macleay 1886 M86
  Bythoprotus lineatus M87
  Ancylotropis waterhousei M87
  Genethila retusa M87
  Macrotrichius niveinasus Mots. 1874 M87
  Ethneca bakewelli M87
  Tropidoderes M87
    |--T. albuginosus Erichs. 1842 M87
    `--T. musivus Erichs. 1842 M87
  Ecelonerus M87
    |--E. albopictus Pascoe 1860 M87
    |--E. insularis M87
    `--E. subfasciatus M87
  Baseotropis M87
    |--B. ingrata Pascoe 1859 M87
    |--B. peregrina Pascoe 1859 M87
    `--B. solitaria Pascoe 1860 M87
  Ozotomerus Z93
    |--O. bipunctatus Z93
    `--O. waterhousei (Pascoe 1859) [=Dipieza waterhousei] M87
  Cratoparis M87
    |--C. callosus M87
    `--C. ceroderes M87
  Teratanthribus monstrosus Z93
  Basitropis Z94
  Autotropis modesta M94
  Dendrotrogus colligens B70
  Doticus pestilans B70

Phloeobius gigas (Fabricius 1775) M94 [=Anthribus gigas M94; incl. A. griseus M94, *Phloeobius griseus M94, M87]

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[A71] Askew, R. R. 1971. Parasitic Insects. Heinemann Educational Books: London.

[B49] Baker, E. W. 1949. A review of the mites of the family Cheyletidae in the United States National Museum. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 99 (3238): 267–320.

[B35] Boisduval, J. B. 1835. Voyage de Découvertes de l’Astrolabe. Exécuté par ordre du Roi, pendant les années 1826–1827–1828–1829, sous le commandement de M. J. Dumont d'Urville. Faune entomologique de l'océan Pacifique, avec l'illustration des insectes nouveaux recueillis pendant le voyage vol. 2. Coléoptères et autres ordres. J. Tastu: Paris.

[B88] Bouček, Z. 1988. Australasian Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera): A biosystematic revision of genera of fourteen families, with a reclassification of species. CAB International: Wallingford (UK).

[B14] Bouchard, P. (ed.) 2014. The Book of Beetles: A lifesize guide to six hundred of nature's gems. Ivy Press: Lewes (United Kingdom).

[B70] Britton, E. B. 1970. Coleoptera (beetles). In: CSIRO. The Insects of Australia: A textbook for students and research workers pp. 495–621. Melbourne University Press.

[C01] Csiki, E. 1901. Bogarak [Coleopteren]. In: Horváth, G. (ed.) Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazása [Dritte Asiatische Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] vol. 2. Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazásának Állattani Eredményei [Zoologische Ergebnisse der Dritten Asiatischen Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] pp. 75–120. Victor Hornyánszky: Budapest, and Karl W. Hierseman: Leipzig.

[E02] Emberson, R. M. 2002. The beetle (Coleoptera) fauna of the Chatham Islands: additions and corrections. New Zealand Entomologist 25: 69–77.

[E12] Evenhuis, N. L. 2012. Publication and dating of the Exploration Scientifique de l’Algérie: Histoire Naturelle des Animaux Articulés (1846–1849) by Pierre Hippolyte Lucas. Zootaxa 3448: 1–61.

[GC-P14] Gillett, C. P. D. T., A. Crampton-Platt, M. J. T. N. Timmermans, B. H. Jordal, B. C. Emerson & A. P. Vogler. 2014. Bulk de novo mitogenome assembly from pooled total DNA elucidates the phylogeny of weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea). Molecular Biology and Evolution 31 (8): 2223–2237.

[L02] Latreille, P. A. 1802. Histoire Naturelle, générale et particulière des crustacés et des insectes vol. 3. Familles naturelles des genres. F. Dufart: Paris.

[L88] Liebherr, J. K. 1988. General patterns in West Indian insects, and graphical biogeographic analysis of some circum-Caribbean Platynus beetles (Carabidae). Systematic Zoology 37 (4): 385–409.

[M86] Macleay, W. 1886. The insects of the Fly River, New Guinea, "Coleoptera" (continued). Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, series 2, 1 (1): 183–204.

[M87] Masters, G. 1887. Catalogue of the described Coleoptera of Australia. Part VI. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, series 2, 1 (4): 979–1036.

[M94] May, B. M. 1994. An introduction to the immature stages of Australian Curculionoidea. In: Zimmerman, E. C. Australian Weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea) vol. 2. Brentidae, Eurhynchidae, Apionidae and a chapter on immature stages by Brenda May pp. 365–728. CSIRO Australia.

[MW15] McKenna, D. D., A. L. Wild, K. Kanda, C. L. Bellamy, R. G. Beutel, M. S. Caterino, C. W. Farnum, D. C. Hawks, M. A. Ivie, M. L. Jameson, R. A. B. Leschen, A. E. Marvaldi, J. V. McHugh, A. F. Newton, J. A. Robertson, M. K. Thayer, M. F. Whiting, J. F. Lawrence, A. Ślipiński, D. R. Maddison & B. D. Farrell. 2015. The beetle tree of life reveals that Coleoptera survived end-Permian mass extinction to diversify during the Cretaceous terrestrial revolution. Systematic Entomology 40 (4): 835–880.

[WFS04] Winks, C. J., S. V. Fowler & L. A. Smith. 2004. Invertebrate fauna of boneseed, Chrysanthemoides monilifera ssp. monilifera (L.) T. Norl. (Asteraceae: Calenduleae), an invasive weed in New Zealand. New Zealand Entomologist 27: 61–72.

[Z02] Zherikhin, V. V. 2002. Pattern of insect burial and conservation. In: Rasnitsyn, A. P.,  & D. L. J. Quicke (eds) History of Insects pp. 17–63. Kluwer Academic Publishers: Dordrecht.

[Z93] Zimmerman, E. C. 1993. Australian Weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea) vol. 3. Nanophyidae, Rhynchophoridae, Erirhinidae, Curculionidae: Amycterinae, literature consulted. CSIRO Australia.

[Z94] Zimmerman, E. C. 1994. Australian Weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea) vol. 2. Brentidae, Eurhynchidae, Apionidae and a chapter on immature stages by Brenda May. CSIRO Australia.