Cicadellidae

Batrachomorphus angustatus, from here.

Belongs within: Clypeata.
Contains: Dikraneura, Proconiini, Cicadellini, Tungurahualini, Erythroneurini, Empoascini, Agalliini, Recilia, Athysanella, Deltocephalini, Athysanini, Euscelini, Macrostelini.

The Cicadellidae, leafhoppers, are a diverse family of small plant-feeding insects. They are distinguished from related families by presence of numerous spines on the hind tibiae; the fore wing usually has vein M₁₊₂ apically fused with RP, and males have the base of the aedeagus attached ventrally (Carver et al. 1991). Cicadellids are divided between a large number of subfamilies, the largest of which is the Deltocephalinae with ocelli on the margin of the head and males with flat, more or less triangular, genital plates. The Typhlocybinae are relatively small, delicate species, commonly with slender wings lacking an appendix on the outer part of the tegmen. The Hecalinae are tropical grass feeders with an expanded crown.

<==Cicadellidae [Aphrodidae, Coelidiidae, Euscelidae, Iassidae, Macropsidae, Spinidae, Tettigellidae]
    |--Austroagalloides [Austroagalloidinae] CGW91
    |--Signoretiinae D11
    |--Mapochiella [Eupelicinae, Eupelicini] MC13
    |--Dryadomorpha [Paraboloponinae] CGW91
    |    `--D. lotophagorum Kirkaldy 1907 K08
    |--Paradorydium [Paradorydiinae, Paradorydiini] L61
    |    |--P. elongatus (Naudé 1926) [=Dorydium elongatum] L61
    |    `--P. spatulatum (Naudé 1926) [=Dorydium spatulatum] L61
    |--Macropsinae CGW91
    |    |--Stenoscopus drummondi CGW91
    |    |--Stenopsoides turneri CGW91
    |    `--Macropsis viridis E66
    |--Kosmiopelix [Aphrodinae, Aphrodini] WEE70
    |--Euacanthella Evans 1938 FM08 [Euacanthellinae CGW91]
    |    `--E. impressa Fletcher 2008 T13
    |--Tartessinae CGW91
    |    |--Newmanniana mullensis MC13
    |    |--Protartessus spinosus MC13
    |    |--Brunotartessus fulvus CGW91
    |    `--Tartessus fulvus WEE70
    |--Cephalelinae [Cephalelini] L61
    |    |--Linacephalus foveolatus GF13, MC13
    |    `--Cephalelus L61
    |         |--C. ianthe CGW91
    |         `--C. infumatus Percheron 1832 [incl. Dorydium paradoxum Burmeister 1839] L61
    |--Evacanthinae D11
    |    |--Balbillini D11
    |    |--Evacanthini D11
    |    |--Pagaroniini D11
    |    `--Occinirvana CGW91 [Nirvaninae, Nirvanini D11]
    |         `--O. eborea CGW91
    |--Ulopinae L61
    |    |--Coloborrhis corticina Germar 1836 (see below for synonymy) L61
    |    |--Caplopa turneri Evans 1947 L61
    |    |--Rhodulopa Linnavuori 1961 L61
    |    |    `--*R. granulosa Linnavuori 1961 L61
    |    |--Kahavalu [Ulopini] MC13
    |    `--Myerslopella [Myerslopiini] CGW91
    |--Coelidiinae L61
    |    |--Palicus fuscovarius (Stål 1855) [=Coelidia fuscovaria; incl. Jassus setifer Walker 1858] L61
    |    |--Equeefa castelnaui Distant 1910 L61
    |    |--Coelidia olitoria E66
    |    `--Tharra CGW91
    |         |--T. kalypso Kirkaldy 1907 K08
    |         |--T. kassiphone Kirkaldy 1907 K08
    |         |--T. nausikaa Kirkaldy 1907 K08
    |         `--T. ogygia Kirkaldy 1907 K08
    |--Ledrinae [Ledridae] L61
    |    |  i. s.: Camptelasmus signatus Linnavuori 1961 L61
    |    |         Putoniessa nigra WEE70
    |    |--Rhotidus [Thymbrini] CGW91
    |    |--Stenocotis [Stenocotini] CGW91
    |    |    `--S. depressa CGW91
    |    `--Ledrini CGW91
    |         |--Ledra aurita G20
    |         `--Ledromorpha planirostris CGW91
    |--Cicadellinae WT07
    |    |  i. s.: Tettigella China & Fennah 1945 WT07
    |    |         Guineotetta distensa Young 1986 [incl. Maguangua biroi Wilson & Takiya 2007 (n. n.)] WT07
    |    |         Resimaguina bergmani Young 1986 WT07
    |    |         Cofana CGW91
    |    |           |--C. spectra CGW91
    |    |           `--C. unimaculata ZS10
    |    |         Ishidaella CGW91
    |    |         Decua curta HW96
    |    |--Proconiini WT07
    |    `--Cicadellini WT07
    |--Mileewinae D11
    |    |  i. s.: Amahuaka D11
    |    |--Tungurahualini D11
    |    |--Makilingia [Makilingiinae, Makilingiini] D11
    |    |--Tinteromus [Tinterominae, Tinteromini] D11
    |    `--Mileewini D11
    |         |--Ujna D11
    |         |--Processina D11
    |         `--Mileewa D11
    |              |--M. margheritae D11
    |              `--M. typhlocyboides (Signoret 1854) [=Tettigonia typhlocyboides, Cicadella typhlocyboides] L61
    |--Typhlocybinae L61
    |    |  i. s.: Typhlocyba sexpunctata S94, H01
    |    |         Amrasca devastans MC13, MHG04 [incl. A. biguttula MHG04]
    |    |         Zygina zealandica CGW91
    |    |         Edwardsiana crataegi CGW91 [incl. Typhlocyba froggatti TT02]
    |    |         Ribautiana CGW91
    |    |           |--R. tenerrima M83
    |    |           `--R. ulmi CGW91
    |    |--Erythroneurini GF13
    |    |--Empoascini GF13
    |    `--Orsalebra [Alebrini] D11
    |         `--O. robusta D11
    |--Xestocephalinae K61
    |    |--Myrmecophryne formiceticola CGW91
    |    |--Xestocephalus CGW91
    |    |    |--X. ovalis M83
    |    |    |--X. pallidiceps Kirkaldy 1907 (see below for synonymy) K08
    |    |    |--X. purpurascens Kirkaldy 1907 K08
    |    |    `--X. vitiensis Kirkaldy 1907 K08
    |    `--Portanus K61
    |         |--P. boliviensis K61
    |         |--P. elegans Kramer 1961 K61
    |         |--P. facetus Kramer 1961 K61
    |         `--P. linnavuorii Kramer 1961 K61
    |--Iassinae L61
    |    |--Trocnadini CGW91
    |    |--Reuplemmelini CGW91
    |    `--Iassini L61
    |         |--Jassus H01
    |         |    |--J. annulipes Lucas 1847 E12
    |         |    `--J. commutatus H01
    |         `--Batrachomorphus GF13
    |              |--B. adventitiosus MC13
    |              |--B. angustatus CGW91
    |              |--B. cedaranus (Naudé 1926) [=Bythoscopus cedaranus] L61
    |              `--B. subolivaceus (Stål 1855) [=Bythoscopus subolivaceus] L61
    |--Neocoelidiinae K62a
    |    |--Stenocoelidia K61
    |    |--Megacoelidia Kramer & Linnavuori 1959 K62a
    |    |--Coelidiana K62a
    |    |--Deltocoelidia Kramer 1961 K61
    |    |    `--*D. maldonadoi Kramer 1961 K61
    |    |--Tichocoelidia Kramer 1962 K62a
    |    |    `--*T. clarkei Kramer 1962 K62a
    |    `--Biza Walker 1858 K62a
    |         |--*B. crocea Walker 1858 K62a
    |         |--B. chinai Kramer 1962 K62a
    |         `--B. craspa Kramer 1962 K62a
    |--Agalliinae L61
    |    |  i. s.: Symphypyga repetekia G01
    |    |         Pachynus bimaculicollis Stål 1864 L61
    |    |         Peragallia L61
    |    |           |--P. nigrasterna (Cogan 1916) [=Agallia nigrasterna; incl. A. cuneata Cogan 1916] L61
    |    |           `--P. usambarensis (Melichar 1908) [=Agallia usambarensis] L61
    |    |--Adelungiini [Adelungiinae, Melicharellinae] G01
    |    |--Agalliini G01
    |    `--Durgulini G01
    |         |--Durgula Emeljanov 1964 G01
    |         |    `--D. lycii Emeljanov 1964 G01
    |         `--Calades Gnezdilov 2001 G01
    |              `--*C. theolex Gnezdilov 2001 G01
    |--Idiocerinae VP02
    |    |--Zaletta FM08
    |    |    |--Z. aulonias F07
    |    |    `--Z. webbi Fletcher 2007 FM08
    |    |--Pascoepus Webb 1983 F07
    |    |    |--P. candidus F07
    |    |    |--P. hyleorais F07
    |    |    |--P. insularis F07
    |    |    |--P. nymphias F07
    |    |    `--P. viridiceps (Evans 1942) [=Idiocerus viridiceps] F07
    |    |--Rosopaella CGW91
    |    |--Periacerus Viraktamath & Parvathi 2002 VP02
    |    |    |--*P. lalithae (Viraktamath 1979) [=Idioscopus lalithae] VP02
    |    |    |--P. bidentatus Viraktamath & Parvathi 2002 VP02
    |    |    `--P. lankensis Viraktamath & Parvathi 2002 VP02
    |    |--Idiocerus L61
    |    |    |--I. confusus H01
    |    |    |--I. cuneiformis Naudé 1926 L61
    |    |    |--I. lachrymalis E66
    |    |    |--I. ohopohoensis Linnavuori 1961 L61
    |    |    |--I. populi E66
    |    |    |    |--I. p. populi E66
    |    |    |    |--I. p. pallidus E66
    |    |    |    `--I. p. suturalis E66
    |    |    `--I. stigmaticalis E66
    |    `--Idioscopus F07
    |         |--I. clypealis F07
    |         `--I. nitidulus F07
    |--Hecalinae [Hecalini] HW96
    |    |--Gcaleka laticephala Naudé 1926 L61
    |    |--Dicyphonia HW96
    |    |--Hecullus HW96
    |    |--Parabolitus L61
    |    |    |--P. anceps L61
    |    |    `--P. foliaticeps Linnavuori 1961 L61
    |    |--Glossocratus Fieber 1866 L61
    |    |    |--*G. foveolatus L61
    |    |    |--G. afzelii L61
    |    |    |--G. durbanensis (Distant 1910) (see below for synonymy) L61
    |    |    `--G. major L61
    |    `--Hecalus Stål 1864 [incl. Parabolocratus Fieber 1866] L61
    |         |--*H. paykulli ([=Petalocephala paykulli] L61
    |         |--H. australis MC13
    |         |--‘Parabolocratus’ brunneus E66
    |         |--‘*Parabolocratus’ glaucescens L61
    |         `--H. virescens (Distant 1910) [=Parabolocratus virescens] L61
    |--Deltocephalinae FM08
    |    |  i. s.: Recilia K62b
    |    |         Diemoides MC13
    |    |         Thamnophryne MC13
    |    |         Athysanella HW96
    |    |--Goniagnathus Fieber 1866 [Goniagnathini] FM08
    |    |--Deltocephalini FM08
    |    |--Athysanini FM08
    |    |--Stirellus [Stenometopiini] GF13
    |    |    |--S. bicolor HW96
    |    |    `--S. fatigandus MC13
    |    `--Drabescini [Drabescinae] WT07
    |         |--Drabescus YS01
    |         |--Drakensbergena Linnavuori 1961 L61
    |         |    `--*D. fuscovittata Linnavuori 1961 L61
    |         `--Mysolis WT07
    |              |--M. biroi (Melichar 1926) [=Erythrogonia biroi, Tettigella biroi] WT07
    |              `--M. flavidorsum Walker 1869 WT07
    `--Euscelinae L61
         |  i. s.: Platymetopius undatus L61, H01
         |--Euscelini L61
         |--Macrostelini L61
         |--Scaphytopiini L61
         |    |--Scaphytopius E66
         |    `--Stymphalus L61
         |         |--S. modestus Linnavuori 1961 L61
         |         `--S. rubrolineatus L61
         |--Tetartostylus [Tetartostylini] L61
         |    |--T. angulatus Linnavuori 1961 L61
         |    |--T. longistylus Linnavuori 1961 L61
         |    |--T. parabolatus (Naudé 1926) (see below for synonymy) L61
         |    `--T. spadix (Naudé 1926) [=Chlorotettix spadix] L61
         `--Penthemiini [Penthimiinae] L61
              |--Penthimia nigra YS01, H01 [incl. P. atra H01]
              |--Citorus decurtatus Stål 1864 L61
              |--Neovulturnus vaedulcis CGW91
              |--Neodartus vaedulcis WEE70
              |--Vulturnus CGW91
              |--Ectopiocephalus australis CGW91
              `--Chinaella CGW91

Cicadellidae incertae sedis:
  Paracephaleus WFS04
  Bothrogonia YS01
  Pandacerus Webb 1983 VP02
  Psammotettix cephalotes B08, JS03
  Tylozygus Fieber 1866 [incl. Diedrocephla; Errhomenellini] M27
    |--*T. nigrolineatus [=Tettigonia nigrolineata] M27
    `--T. bifidus BM76
  Anoplotettix L61
  Nesophrosyne L61
  Gyponana BM76
    |--G. cinerea BM76
    |--G. flavolineata BM76
    `--G. octolineata BM76
  Solenocephalus obsoletus BM76
  Chlorita H01
    |--C. viridula H01
    `--C. vittata H01
  Eupteryx wallengreni H01
  Doratura H01
    |--D. homophyla H01
    `--D. stylata H01
  Graphocraerus ventralis H01
  Thamnotettix H01
    |--T. cruentatus H01
    |--T. dilutior H01
    |--T. elegans H01
    |--T. simplex H01
    |--T. subfusculus H01
    |--T. sulphurellus H01
    `--T. torneellus H01
  Stictocoris lineatus H01
  Acocephalus H01
    |--A. elongatus H01
    |--A. nervosus H01
    |--A. rivularis H01
    `--A. trifasciatus H01
  Euacanthus H01
    |--E. acuminatus H01
    `--E. interruptus H01
  Tettigonia H01
    |--T. cuspidata [=Cicada cuspidata] L02
    |--T. lanio [=Cicada lanio] L02
    `--T. viridis (Linnaeus 1758) L02, L58 [=Cicada viridis L02]
  Bythoscopus H01
    |--B. flavicollis H01
    |--B. olivaceus E66
    `--B. rufusculus H01
  Pediopsis H01
    |--P. dispar H01
    |--P. fuscinervis H01
    `--P. virescens [incl. P. virescens var. nassata] H01
  Myangadina K-P91
  Flexamia HW96
    |--F. abbreviata HW96
    |--F. arizonensis HW96
    |--F. curvata HW96
    |--F. flexulosa HW96
    |--F. inflata HW96
    |--F. mescalero HW96
    |--F. modica HW96
    |--F. prairiana HW96
    `--F. zacate HW96
  Laevicephalus HW96
    |--L. exiguus HW96
    |--L. inconditus HW96
    |--L. mexicanus HW96
    |--L. minimus HW96
    |--L. opalinus HW96
    |--L. parvulus HW96
    `--L. vannus HW96
  Cazenus HW96
  Gillettiella HW96
    |--G. atropunctata HW96
    `--G. labiata HW96
  Polyamia HW96
    |--P. neoyavapai HW96
    `--P. satur HW96
  Lonatura salsura HW96
  Memnonia HW96
  Peconus scriptanus HW96
  Flexarida chaotica HW96
  Telusus blandus HW96
  Aceratagallia HW96
    |--A. sanguinolenta E66
    `--A. uhleri HW96
  Draeculacephala E66
    |--D. antica E66
    |--D. mollipes E66
    |--D. paludosa E66
    `--D. portola E66
  Graminella HW96
    |--G. pallidula E66
    `--G. sonorus HW96
  Endria inimica HW96
  Xerophloea HW96
    |--X. peltata HW96
    `--X. robusta HW96
  Unoka ornata HW96
  Dikraneura HW96
  Cicadula P92
    |--C. binotata H01
    |--C. euryphaessa Kirkaldy 1907 K08
    |--C. hyadas Kirkaldy 1907 K08
    |--C. sexnotata H01
    `--C. vitiensis Kirkaldy 1906 K08
  Agalliopsis novella E66
  Ciminius hartii E66
  Colladonus clitellarius E66
  Hortensia similis E66
  Keonolla dolobrata E66
  Paraphlepsius irroratus E66
  Sanctanus E66
  Norvellina helenae E66
  Oncopsis E66
  Orientus ishidae E66
  Stragania E66
    |--S. alabamensis E66
    |--S. apicalis E66
    `--S. robusta E66
  Selenocephalus obsoletus E66
  Japananus hyalinus E66
  Eutettix tenella E66, G17
  Minodrylix E66

Coloborrhis corticina Germar 1836 [incl. Gubela bellicosa Distant 1910, Oclasma degenerata Melichar 1905, Ulopa sordida Stål 1864] L61

Glossocratus durbanensis (Distant 1910) [=Hecalus durbanensis; incl. H. alienus Melichar 1907-1908, H. scutellatus Distant 1910] L61

Tetartostylus parabolatus (Naudé 1926) [=Chlorotettix parabolatus; incl. T. parabolatus var. spinosus Linnavuori 1961] L61

Xestocephalus pallidiceps Kirkaldy 1907 [incl. X. pallidiceps var. contortuplicata, X. pallidiceps var. decemnotata] K08

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[B08] Bartos, M. 2008. Alternative predatory tactics in a juvenile jumping spider. Journal of Arachnology 36 (2): 300–305.

[BM76] Bohart, R. M., & A. S. Menke. 1976. Sphecid Wasps of the World. University of California Press: Berkeley.

[CGW91] Carver, M., G. F. Gross & T. E. Woodward. 1991. Hemiptera (bugs, leafhoppers, cicadas, aphids, scale insects etc.) In: CSIRO. The Insects of Australia: A textbook for students and research workers 2^nd ed. vol. 1 pp. 429–509. Melbourne University Press: Carlton (Victoria).

[D11] Dietrich, C. H. 2011. Tungurahualini, a new tribe of Neotropical leafhoppers, with notes on the subfamily Mileewinae (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae). ZooKeys 124: 19–39.

[E66] Evans, H. E. 1966. The Comparative Ethology and Evolution of the Sand Wasps. Harvard University Press: Cambridge (Massachusetts).

[E12] Evenhuis, N. L. 2012. Publication and dating of the Exploration Scientifique de l'Algérie: Histoire Naturelle des Animaux Articulés (1846–1849) by Pierre Hippolyte Lucas. Zootaxa 3448: 1–61.

[F07] Fletcher, M. J. 2007. The identity of Pascoepus viridiceps (Evans) based on recognition of the male and a new species of Zaletta from Barrow Island, Western Australia (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Idiocerinae). Gen. Appl. Ent. 36: 13–16.

[FM08] Fletcher, M. J., & M. L. Moir. 2008. Gunawardenea, a new genus of squat leafhoppers from Western Australia, with description of two new species (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae). Records of the Western Australian Museum 24 (4): 429–436.

[G17] Girault, A. A. 1917. Descriptiones stellarum novarum. Privately published (reprinted: Gordh, G., A. S. Menke, E. C. Dahms & J. C. Hall. 1979. The privately printed papers of A. A. Girault. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 28: 80–101).

[G01] Gnezdilov, V. M. 2001. A new tribe and new genera of the subfamily Agalliinae Kirkaldy (Homoptera, Cicadina) from Middle Asia. Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie 80 (4): 871–884 (transl. Entomological Review 81 (4): 1153–1161).

[G20] Goldfuss, G. A. 1820. Handbuch der Naturgeschichte vol. 3. Handbuch der Zoologie pt 1. Johann Leonhard Schrag: Nürnberg.

[GF13] Gopurenko, D., M. Fletcher, H. Löcker & A. Mitchell. 2013. Morphological and DNA barcode species identifications of leafhoppers, planthoppers and treehoppers (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha) at Barrow Island. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 83: 253–285.

[HW96] Hicks, A. L., & R. F. Whitcomb. 1996. Diversity of the leafhopper (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) fauna of northern Chihuahuan grasslands, with emphasis on gypsum grasslands and description of a new species of Athysanella (Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 98 (1): 145–157.

[H01] Horváth, G. 1901. Hemipterák [Hemiptera]. In: Horváth, G. (ed.) Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazása [Dritte Asiatische Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] vol. 2. Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazásának Állattani Eredményei [Zoologische Ergebnisse der Dritten Asiatischen Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] pp. 245–274. Victor Hornyánszky: Budapest, and Karl W. Hierseman: Leipzig.

[JS03] Jung, H.-Y., T. Sawayanagi, P. Wongkaew, S. Kakizawa, H. Nishigawa, W. Wei, K. Oshima, S. Miyata, M. Ugaki, T. Hibi & S. Namba. 2003. ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma oryzae’, a novel phytoplasma taxon associated with rice yellow dwarf disease. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 53: 1925–1929.

[K08] Kirkaldy, G. W. 1908. A catalogue of the Hemiptera of Fiji. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 33: 345–391, pl. 4.

[K61] Kramer, J. P. 1961. New Venezuelan leafhoppers of the subfamilies Xestocephalinae and Neocoelidiinae (Homoptera: Cicadellidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 74: 235–240.

[K62a] Kramer, J. P. 1962a. A synopsis of Biza and a new allied genus (Homoptera: Cicadellidae: Neocoelidiinae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 75: 101–106.

[K62b] Kramer, J. P. 1962b. New Liberian leafhoppers of the genus Recilia (Homoptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 75: 259–268.

[K-P91] Kukalová-Peck, J. 1991. Fossil history and the evolution of hexapod structures. In: CSIRO. The Insects of Australia: A textbook for students and research workers 2^nd ed. vol. 1 pp. 141–179. Melbourne University Press: Carlton (Victoria).

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Last updated: 2 May 2022.