Umbilicaria section Polymorphae

Umbilicaria cylindrica, from here.

Belongs within: Umbilicariaceae.
The section Polymorphae in the lichen genus Umbilicaria is characterised by a more or less distinctly reticulate thallus.

Characters (from Frey 1933): Upper side of thallus more or less distinctly reticulately ribbed, with ridges or bulges at least present in the middle clearly over the umbilicus, and with at least some rhizines present at edge when upper side is very smooth. Underside of thallus smooth, rhizines flat when cortex smoother, more or less distinctly belt-shaped, or at least partially fused to become more belt-shaped and fitted to underside. If rhizines completely absent on underside, then isolated rhizines present at the edge, or ribs above the umbilicus are whitish, at least much brighter than the other shallower ribs or ridges. Apothecia usually frequent, with flat or grooved disc. Spores colorless.

Umbilicaria sect. Polymorphae Frey 1931 F33
    |--U. cylindrica (Linnaeus) Delise ex Duby 1830 (see below for synonymy) F33
    |    |  i. s.: U. c. f. laciniata (Retzius) Frey 1933 (see below for synonymy) F33
    |    |         U. c. f. mesenteriformis (Wulf.) Frey 1933 (see below for synonymy) F33
    |    |         U. c. f. nudiuscula (Schaerer) Frey 1933 (see below for synonymy) F33
    |    |--U. c. var. cylindrica F33
    |    |--U. c. var. corrugatoides Frey 1933 F33
    |    |--U. c. var. delisei Nylander 1861 (see below for synonymy) F33
    |    |--U. c. var. denudata (Turner) Frey 1933 (see below for synonymy) F33
    |    |--U. c. var. fimbriata (Acharius) Nylander 1861 (see below for synonymy) F33
    |    `--U. c. var. tornata (Acharius) Nylander 1861 (see below for synonymy) F33
    |--U. proboscidea Schrader 1794 (see below for synonymy) F33
    |    |  i. s.: U. p. f. fimbriata (Turner) Leight. 1871 (see below for synonymy) F33
    |    |--U. p. var. proboscidea F33
    |    |--U. p. var. exasperata (Acharius) Nylander 1861 [=Gyrophora proboscidea var. exasperata Acharius 1803] F33
    |    `--U. p. var. pulla (Wulf.) Frey 1933 (see below for synonymy) F33
    `--U. virginis Schaerer 1841 (see below for synonymy) F33
         |--U. v. var. virginis F33
         `--U. v. var. meylani Frey 1933 F33

Umbilicaria cylindrica (Linnaeus) Delise ex Duby 1830 [=Lichen cylindricus Linnaeus 1753, Gyromium cylindricum (Linnaeus) Wahlenberg 1812, Gyrophora cylindrica (Linnaeus) Acharius 1803, Gyrophora polymorpha var. cylindrica (Linnaeus) Schaerer 1818, Gyrophora proboscidea var. cylindrica (Linnaeus) Mann 1825, Umbilicaria polymorpha var. cylindrica (Linnaeus) Schaerer 1826, U. proboscidea var. cylindrica (Linnaeus) Fries 1831; incl. Lichen crinitus Zoega ex Olafson & Povels 1775, Gyrophora cylindrica var. crinita (Zoega) Flot. 1850, Umbilicaria crinita (Zoega) Hoffmann 1794, Lichen proboscideus Hudson 1778] F33

Umbilicaria cylindrica var. delisei Nylander 1861 [=G. cylindrica f. delisei (Nylander) Lynge 1921, Gyrophora cylindrica var. delisei (Nylander) Sydow 1887, G. delisei (Nylander) Krempelh. 1871, Umbilicaria delisei (Nylander) Despr. ex Nylander 1861] F33

Umbilicaria cylindrica var. denudata (Turner) Frey 1933 [=Gyrophora proboscidea var. denudata Turner 1839, G. cylindrica f. denudata (Turner) Stein in Cohn 1879, G. cylindrica var. denudata (Turner) Mudd 1861] F33

Umbilicaria cylindrica var. fimbriata (Acharius) Nylander 1861 [=Gyrophora cylindrica var. fimbriata Acharius 1810, G. fimbriata (Acharius) Röhling 1813, Umbilicaria polymorpha var. cylindrica f. fimbriata (Acharius) Schaerer 1850] F33

Umbilicaria cylindrica f. laciniata (Retzius) Frey 1933 [=Lichen corneus var. laciniatus Retzius 1779, Gyrophora cylindrica var. laciniata (Retzius) Zahlbr. 1927, Umbilicaria cylindrica var. laciniata (Retzius) Wain. 1898; incl. G. cylindrica var. denticulata Acharius 1803, G. denticulata (Acharius) Floerke 1810, Umbilicaria polymorpha var. cylindrica f. denticulata (Acharius) Schaerer 1818] F33

Umbilicaria cylindrica f. mesenteriformis (Wulf.) Frey 1933 [=Lichen mesenteriformis Wulf. ex Jacquin 1781, Gyrophora cylindrica f. mesenteriformis (Wulf.) Anders 1928, G. cylindrica var. mesenteriformis (Wulf.) Flot. 1850] F33

Umbilicaria cylindrica f. nudiuscula (Schaerer) Frey 1933 [=Gyrophora polymorpha var. cylindrica f. nudiuscula Schaerer 1818, G. cylindrica var. nudiuscula (Schaerer) Zahlbr. 1927] F33

Umbilicaria cylindrica var. tornata (Acharius) Nylander 1861 [=Gyrophora tornata Acharius 1808, G. cylindrica var. tornata (Acharius) Arnold 1874] F33

Umbilicaria proboscidea Schrader 1794 non Lichen proboscideus Hudson 1778 [=Gyrophora polymorpha var. proboscidea (Schrader) Schaerer 1818, G. proboscidea (Schrader) Acharius 1803] F33

Umbilicaria proboscidea f. fimbriata (Turner) Leight. 1871 [=Gyrophora deusta var. fimbriata Turner 1839 non G. cylindrica var. fimbriata Acharius 1810, G. proboscidea var. fimbriata (Turner) Mudd 1861] F33

Umbilicaria proboscidea var. pulla (Wulf.) Frey 1933 [=Lichen pullus Wulf. ex Jacquin 1871; incl. U. proboscidea var. deplicans Nylander 1860, G. proboscidea f. deplicans (Nylander) Fries 1871] F33

Umbilicaria virginis Schaerer 1841 [=Gyrophora virginis (Schaerer) Frey 1929; incl. Umbilicaria rugifera Nylander 1861, Agyrophora rugifera (Nylander) Nylander 1896, Gyrophora rugifera (Nylander) Fries 1871, Umbilicaria stipitata Nylander 1861, Agyrophora stipitata (Nylander) Nylander 1896, Gyrophora stipitata (Nylander) Nylander ex Hue 1886-1887, G. tramnitziana Koerber 1871] F33

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[F33] Frey, E. 1933. Cladoniaceae (unter Ausschluss der Gattung Cladonia), Umbilicariaceae. In Die Flechten (Dr. L. Rabenhorst’s Kryptogamenflora von Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz vol. 9) sect. 4, part 1. Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft M. B. H.: Leipzig (reprinted 1971. Johnson Reprint Corporation: New York).