Varroidae

Female Varroa destructor on head of bee pupa, copyright Gilles San Martin.

Belongs within: Gamasina.

The Varroidae are a group of mites paraphagic or parasitic on insects, most commonly on bees (Lindquist et al. 2009).

Characters (from Lindquist et al. 2009): Fixed cheliceral digit absent; with only two pairs of hypostomatic setae; peritremes of female short, looped medially or apically, confined to level of coxae III or coxae III-IV; males with peritremes very short and crooked or vestigial.

<==Varroidae [Varroini] LKW09
    |--Dinogamasus Kramer 1898 LKW09, T69
    |    `--D. braunsi A-B91
    |--Stevellus Hunter 1963 LKW09, FH93
    |    `--S. amiculus Hunter 1963 FH93
    |--Urozercon Berlese in Berlese & Leonardi 1901 LKW09, FH93 [incl. Uronyssus LKW09]
    |    `--U. paradoxus Berlese in Berlese & Leonardi 1901 FH93
    |--Euvarroa LKW09
    |    |--E. sinhai LKW09
    |    `--E. wongsirii D-BSB96
    |--Tropilaelaps Delfinado & Baker 1961 LKW09, LW96
    |    |--T. clarae LKW09
    |    |--T. koenigerum D-BSB96
    |    `--T. mercedesae BSL19
    `--Varroa Oudemans 1904 H98
         |--V. destructor D04
         |--V. jacobsoni Oudemans 1904 H98
         |--V. rinderer LW99
         `--V. underwoodi D-BSB96

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[A-B91] Athias-Binche, F. 1991. Ecology and evolution of phoresy in mites. In: Dusbábek, F., & V. Bukva (eds) Modern Acarology: Proceedings of the VIII International Congress of Acarology, held in České Budĕjovice, Czechoslovakia, 6–11 August 1990 vol. 1 pp. 27–41. SPB Academic Publishing: The Hague.

[BSL19] Ballesteros, J. A., C. E. Santibáñez López, Ľ. Kováč, E. Gavish-Regev & P. P. Sharma. 2019. Ordered phylogenomic subsampling enables diagnosis of systematic errors in the placement of the enigmatic arachnid order Palpigradi. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B—Biological Sciences 286: 20192426.

[D-BSB96] Delfinado-Baker, M., R. L. Smiley & O. Boecking. 1996. The hone bee brood mites (Laelapidae, Varroidae): life history and current status. In: Mitchell, R., D. J. Horn, G. R. Needham & W. C. Welbourn (eds) Acarology IX vol. 1. Proceedings pp. 129–131. Ohio Biological Survey: Columbus (Ohio).

[D04] Didham, R. K. 2004. Forever Varroa. Weta 27: 1–7.

[FH93] Farrier, M. H., & M. K. Hennessey. 1993. Soil-inhabiting and free-living Mesostigmata (Acari-Parasitiformes) from North America: an annotated checklist with bibliography and index. North Carolina Agricultural Research Service, North Carolina State University, Technical Bulletin 302: i–xvi, 1–408.

[H98] Halliday, R. B. 1998. Mites of Australia: A checklist and bibliography. CSIRO Publishing: Collingwood.

[LW96] Lekprayoon, C., S. Wongsiri, S. Jayasvasti & S. Leepitakrat. 1996. Survival of the parasitic honey bee mite Tropilaelaps clareae (Definado & Baker) (Laelapidae) on adult Apis florea and Apis andreniformis workers. In: Mitchell, R., D. J. Horn, G. R. Needham & W. C. Welbourn (eds) Acarology IX vol. 1. Proceedings pp. 139–142. Ohio Biological Survey: Columbus (Ohio).

[LW99] Lekprayoon, C., S. Wongsiri, T. E. Rinderer & H. A. Sylvester. 1999. Biodiversity of parasitic mites of honey bees in southeast Asia. In: Needham, G. R., R. Mitchell, D. J. Horn & W. C. Welbourn (eds) Acarology IX vol. 2. Symposia pp. 325–329. Ohio Biological Survey: Columbus (Ohio).

[LKW09] Lindquist, E. E., G. W. Krantz & D. E. Walter. 2009. Order Mesostigmata. In: Krantz, G. W., & D. E. Walter (eds) A Manual of Acarology 3^rd ed. pp. 124–232. Texas Tech University Press.

[T69] Treat, A. E. 1969. The genus Dicrocheles: three new species and a reappraisal. Acarologia 11 (4): 630–656.