Calclamnidae

Sclerite of Priscocaudina crucensis, from Boczarowski (2001). Scale bar = 200 µm.

Belongs within: Cucumariidae.
Contains: Eocaudina.

The Calclamnidae are a form taxon for thin, perforated plate-shaped sclerites known from the Devonian onwards. They may represent the ancestral lineage of the living holothuroid family Phyllophoridae (Boczarowski 2001). Members of this latter family are characterised by the possession of more than ten tentacles, together with a posteriorly prolonged calcareous ring with ossicles in a mosaic-like arrangement.

See also: Bits of cucumber in the fossil record.

Characters (from Frizzell & Exline 1966): Perforate plates, usually thin, rarely multilayered, flat or concavo-convex, shape variable, outline commonly indefinite; perforations not denticulate; lacking socket, strap or spire.

<==Calclamnidae
    |--Eocaudininae B01
    |    |--Eocaudina B01
    |    `--Elgerius Deflandre-Rigaud 1959 B01
    |         |--*E. ostrea Deflandre-Rigaud 1959 FE66
    |         `--E. innienensis FE66
    `--+--Calclamninae B01
       |    |--Priscocaudina Boczarowski 2001 B01
       |    |    |--*P. crucensis Boczarowski 2001 B01
       |    |    |--P. marginata (Lagenheim & Epis 1957) B01
       |    |    `--P. scotica (Frizzell & Exline 1955) B01
       |    `--Calclamna Frizzell & Exline 1955 B01 [incl. Cibrum Frentzen 1964 FE66]
       |         |  i. s.: *C. germanica Frizzell & Exline 1956 FE66
       |         |         C. fusiformis FE66
       |         |--C. permotriassica Mostler & Rahimi-Yazd 1976 B01
       |         `--+--C. norica B01
       |            `--Fissobractites Kristan-Tollmann 1963 B01
       |                 `--*F. subsymmetricus Kristan-Tollmann 1963 FE66
       `--Phyllophoridae B01
            |--Ohshimella Heding & Panning 1954 B01
            |--Havelockia fastigata (Sluiter 1901) MG-H11
            |--Neothyonidium inflatum (Sluiter 1901) MG-H11
            |--Semperiella [Semperiellinae] MG-H11
            |--Stolus MG-H11
            |--Propinquoohshimella Boczarowski 2001 [Propinquoohshimellinae] B01
            |    `--*P. remigia Boczarowski 2001 B01
            |--Cladolabes [Cladolabinae] BM09
            |    `--C. acicula (Semper 1868) BM09
            `--Phyllophorus MG-H11
                 |--P. brocki Ludwig 1888 MG-H11
                 |--P. magnus D49
                 `--P. urna H04

Calclamnidae incertae sedis:
  Petropegia Summerson & Campbell 1958 FE66
    |--*P. radiata Summerson & Campbell 1958 FE66
    `--P. spinosa FE66
  Calclamnoidea Frizzell & Exline 1956 [incl. Palaeocucumaria Frentzen 1964 non Lehmann 1958] FE66
    |--*C. collaris (Deflandre-Rigaud 1946) [=Priscopedatus collaris] FE66
    |--C. angulata FE66
    |--C. canalifera FE66
    |--C. goniaia FE66
    |--C. inaequalis FE66
    |--C. irregularis FE66
    |--C. medioangusta FE66
    |--C. ocellata FE66
    |--C. perforata FE66
    |--C. proteus FE66
    `--C. spania FE66
  Mortensenites Deflandre-Rigaud 1952 FE66
    |--*M. liasicus (Terquem 1866) [=Gromia liasica; incl. M. sievertsi] FE66
    |--M. circularis FE66
    |--M. cuneus FE66
    |--M. elongatus FE66
    |--M. hemisphaericus FE66
    |--M. insolitus FE66
    `--M. reticulatus FE66
  Calclamnella Frizzell & Exline 1956 FE66
    |--*C. irregularis (Schlumberger 1890) [=Priscopedatus irregularis] FE66
    |--C. elliptica FE66
    |--C. fragosa FE66
    |--C. fusiformis FE66
    |--C. jurassica FE66
    |--C. margaritata FE66
    |--C. regularis Stefanov 1970 B01
    |--C. robusta FE66
    `--C. transversa FE66
  Costigerites Deflandre-Rigaud 1961 FE66
    `--*C. piveteaui Deflandre-Rigaud 1961 FE66
  Paracucumarites Deflandre-Rigaud 1961 FE66
    |--*P. hamptoni Deflandre-Rigaud 1961 FE66
    |--P. anceps FE66
    `--P. porosa FE66
  Parvioctoidus Deflandre-Rigaud 1961 FE66
    `--*P. spinosus Deflandre-Rigaud 1961 FE66
  Pachopsites Kristan-Tollmann 1964 FE66
    `--*P. annulatus Kirstan-Tollmann 1964 FE66

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[B01] Boczarowski, A. 2001. Isolated sclerites of Devonian non-pelmatozoan echinoderms. Palaeontologia Polonica 59: 1–219.

[BM09] Bryce, C., & L. Marsh. 2009. Echinodermata (Asteroidea, Echinoidea and Holothuroidea) of Mermaid (Rowley Shoals), Scott and Seringapatam Reefs, Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 77: 209–220.

[D49] Dawbin, W. H. 1949. Auto-evisceration and the regeneration of viscera in the holothurian Stichopus mollis Hutton. Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New Zealand 77 (4): 497–523.

[FE66] Frizzell, D. L., & H. Exline. 1966. Holothuroidea—fossil record. In: Moore, R. C. (ed.) Treatise on invertebrate Paleontology pt U. Echinodermata 3 vol. 2 pp. U646–U672. The Geological Society of America, Inc., and The University of Kansas Press.

[H04] Haeckel, E. 1899–1904. Kunstformen der Natur. Bibliographisches Institut: Leipzig und Wien.

[MG-H11] McEnnulty, F. R., K. L. Gowlett-Holmes, A. Williams, F. Althaus, J. Fromont, G. C. B. Poore, T. D. O’Hara, L. Marsh, P. Kott, S. Slack-Smith, P. Alderslade & M. V. Kitahara. 2011. The deepwater megabenthic invertebrates on the western continental margin of Australia (100–1100 m depths): composition, distribution and novelty. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 80: 1–191.