Teuthida

Giant squid Architeuthis dux, copyright NTNU Vitenskapsmuseet.

Belongs within: Neocoleoidea.
Contains: Loliginidae, Spirulida, Onychoteuthidae, Ommastrephidae, Histioteuthidae.

The Teuthida, squids, are a group of elongate-bodied cephalopods with the shell reduced to an internal, feather- or rod-shaped, gladius, and with ten circum-oral appendages including two contractile tentacles. The Cranchiidae, glass squids, have the coelom modified into a large buoyancy chamber that allows the squid to float passively in the water column.

Teuthida [Oegopsida] MG-H11
    |--Cranchiidae P61
    |    |--Cranchia scabra Leach 1817 GO06, MG-H11
    |    |--Liocranchia MG-H11
    |    |--Megalocranchia Pfeiffer 1884 P61
    |    |    |--*M. maxima P61
    |    |    `--M. pardus Berry 1916 P61
    |    |--Teuthowenia Chun 1910 P61
    |    |    |--*T. megalops P61
    |    |    `--T. antarctica Chun 1910 P61
    |    `--Pyrgopsis de Rochebrune 1884 P61
    |         |--*P. rhynchophora P61
    |         `--P. pacificus (Issel 1908) P61
    `--+--Loliginidae GO06
       `--+--+--Spirulida GO06
          |  `--+--Onychoteuthidae GO06
          |     `--Ommastrephidae GO06
          `--+--Histioteuthidae GO06
             `--+--Lepidoteuthis GO06 [Lepidoteuthididae YVD98]
                |    `--L. grimaldii GO06
                `--Architeuthis Steenstrup 1857 GO06, P61 [Architeuthidae]
                     |--*A. dux P61
                     |--A. kirki Robson 1887 P61
                     |--A. longimanus Kirk 1888 P61
                     |--A. stockii Kirk 1882 P61
                     `--A. verrilli Kirk 1882 P61

Teuthida incertae sedis:
  Chiroteuthididae YVD98
    |--Chiroteuthis veranyi H04
    |--Asperoteuthis YVD98
    `--Grimalditeuthis YVD98
  Mastigoteuthis [Mastigoteuthidae] MG-H11
    |--M. cordiiformis Chun 1908 MG-H11
    |--M. inermis YVD98
    `--M. magna YVD98
  Chtenopterygidae YVD98
  Bathyteuthididae YVD98
  Enoploteuthidae YVD98
    |--Enoploteuthis MG-H11
    `--Pterygioteuthis Fischer 1895 P61
         `--*P. giardi Fischer 1895 P61
  Gonatidae YVD98
    |--Gonatus fabricii W81
    `--Gonatopsis YVD98
  Thysanoteuthididae YVD98
  Jobiniteuthis [Jobiniteuthididae] YVD98
    `--J. portieri YVD98
  Octopoteuthididae YVD98
  Neoteuthididae YVD98
  Lycoteuthididae YVD98
  Pyroteuthididae YVD98
  Ancistrocheiridae YVD98
  Glochinomorpha [Glochinomorphidae] D93
    `--G. stifeli Gordon 1971 D93
  Plesioteuthididae [Prototeuthina] D93
    |--Maioteuthis maestrichtensis (Binkhorst van den Binkhorst 1862) D93
    `--Paraplesioteuthis D93
         |--P. hastata (Münster 1843) D93
         `--P. sagitata (Münster 1843) D93
  Mesoteuthina D93
    |--Palaeololiginidae D93
    |    |--Teudopsis glevensis (Smithe 1877) D93
    |    `--Parateudopsis libanotica (Naef 1922) D93
    `--Trachyteuthididae D93
         |--Actinosepia canadensis Whiteaves 1897 D93
         `--Trachyteuthis D93
              |--T. hastiformis M79
              `--T. palmeri (Schevill 1950) D93
  Muensterellidae [Kelaenina] D93
    |--Muensterella scutellaris (Münster 1843) D93
    |--Calaenoteuthis incerta Naef 1922 D93
    `--Tusoteuthis longa Logan 1898 D93

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[D93] Doyle, P. 1993. Mollusca: Cephalopoda (Coleoidea). In: Benton, M. J. (ed.) The Fossil Record 2 pp. 229–236. Chapman & Hall: London.

[GO06] Giribet, G., A. Okusu, A. R. Lindgren, S. W. Huff, M. Schrödl & M. K. Nishiguchi. 2006. Evidence for a clade composed of molluscs with serially repeated structures: monoplacophorans are related to chitons. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 103 (20): 7723–7728.

[H04] Haeckel, E. 1899–1904. Kunstformen der Natur. Bibliographisches Institut: Leipzig und Wien.

[MG-H11] McEnnulty, F. R., K. L. Gowlett-Holmes, A. Williams, F. Althaus, J. Fromont, G. C. B. Poore, T. D. O’Hara, L. Marsh, P. Kott, S. Slack-Smith, P. Alderslade & M. V. Kitahara. 2011. The deepwater megabenthic invertebrates on the western continental margin of Australia (100–1100 m depths): composition, distribution and novelty. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 80: 1–191.

[M79] Müller, A. H. 1979. Fossilization (taphonomy). In: Robison, R. A., & C. Teichert (eds) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt A. Introduction. Fossilisation (Taphonomy), Biogeography and Biostratigraphy pp. A2–A78. The Geological Society of America, Inc.: Boulder (Colorado), and The University of Kansas: Lawrence (Kansas).

[P61] Powell, A. W. B. 1961. Shells of New Zealand: An illustrated handbook 4^th ed. Whitcombe and Tombs Limited: Christchurch.

[W81] Watson, L. 1981. Sea Guide to Whales of the World. Hutchinson: London.

[YVD98] Young, R. E., M. Vecchione & D. T. Donovan. 1998. The evolution of coleoid cephalopods and their present biodiversity and ecology. South African Journal of Marine Science 20: 393–420.

Last updated: 18 November 2021.