Corynebacterium

Gram-stained Corynebacterium diphtheriae, from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Belongs within: Actinomycetales.

Corynebacterium is a diverse genus of high G+C, rod-shaped, Gram-positive bacteria found in a wide range of habitats, including soil, aquatic habitats or in association with animal tissues (Vela et al. 2003).

Corynebacterium [Corynebacteriaceae]
    |  i. s.: C. dismutans PHK96
    |         C. insidiosum K-WK92
    |         C. manihot PHK96
    |         C. michisanense MN03
    |         C. mooreparkense Brennan et al. 2001 JC08
    |         C. nephridii Z92
    |         C. nigricans Shukla, Bernard et al. 2004^VP IJSEM04
    |         C. poinsettiae PHK96 [=Co. flaccumfaciens ssp. poinsettiae K92, Curtobacterium poinsettiae K92]
    |         C. simplex PHK96
    |--+--C. amycolatum VM03
    |  `--+--C. freneyi VM03
    |     `--C. xerosis VM03
    `--+--+--+--C. terpenotabidum VM03
       |  |  `--C. variabile VM03
       |  `--+--C. bovis VM03
       |     `--+--+--C. auriscanis VM03
       |        |  `--C. suicordis Vela, Mateos et al. 2003 VM03
       |        `--+--C. urealyticum VM03
       |           `--+--C. falsenii VM03
       |              `--C. jeikeium VM03
       `--+--+--C. efficiens VM03
          |  `--+--C. callunae VM03
          |     `--C. glutamicum VM03
          `--+--+--+--C. ammoniagenes VM03
             |  |  `--C. casei Brennan et al. 2001 VM03, JC08
             |  `--+--C. flavescens VM03
             |     `--C. phocae VM03
             |--+--C. spheniscorum Goyache, Vela et al. 2003 GV03
             |  `--+--+--C. argentoratense VM03
             |     |  `--+--C. felinum VM03
             |     |     `--C. testudinoris VM03
             |     `--+--C. vitaeruminis VM03
             |        `--+--C. kutscheri VM03
             |           `--+--*C. diphtheriae GV03, VM03
             |              `--+--C. pseudotuberculosis VM03
             |                 `--C. ulcerans VM03
             `--+--+--+--C. durum VM03
                |  |  `--C. matruchotii VM03 [=Bacterionema matruchotii S92]
                |  `--+--+--+--C. cystitidis VM03
                |     |  |  `--C. pilosum VM03
                |     |  `--+--C. mastitidis VM03
                |     |     `--C. renale VM03
                |     `--+--+--C. glucuronolyticum VM03
                |        |  `--C. seminale VM03
                |        `--+--C. kroppenstedtii VM03
                |           `--Turicella otitidis VM03
                `--+--+--+--C. striatum VM03
                   |  |  `--+--C. aurimucosum Yassin et al. 2002 VM03, JC08
                   |  |     `--C. minutissimum VM03
                   |  `--+--+--C. accolens VM03
                   |     |  `--C. macginleyi VM03
                   |     `--+--C. propinquum VM03
                   |        `--C. pseudodiphtheriticum VM03
                   `--+--C. camporealensis VM03
                      `--+--+--C. riegelii VM03
                         |  `--+--C. sundsvallense VM03
                         |     `--C. thomssenii VM03
                         `--+--C. appendicis VM03
                            `--+--+--C. auris VM03
                               |  `--C. capitovis VM03
                               `--+--C. mycetoides VM03
                                  `--+--C. coyleae VM03
                                     `--+--C. afermentans VM03
                                        `--C. mucifaciens VM03

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[GV03] Goyache, J., A. I. Vela, M. D. Collins, C. Ballesteros, V. Briones, J. Moreno, P. Yorio, L. Domínguez, R. Hutson & J. F. Fernández-Garayzábal. 2003. Corynebacterium spheniscorum sp. nov., isolated from the cloacae of wild penguins. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 53: 43–46.

[IJSEM04] IJSEM. 2004. Validation list no. 95. Validation of publication of new names and new combinations previously effectively published outside the IJSEM. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 54: 1–2.

[JC08] Judicial Commission of the International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes. 2008. Status of strains that contravene Rules 27 (3) and 30 of the International Code of Nomenclature of Bacteria. Opinion 81. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 58: 1755–1763.

[K92] Kado, C. I. 1992. Plant pathogenic bacteria. In: Balows, A., H. G. Trüper, M. Dworkin, W. Harder & K.-H. Schleifer (eds) The Prokaryotes: A handbook on the biology of bacteria: Ecophysiology, isolation, identification, applications 2^nd ed. vol. 1 pp. 659–674. Springer-Verlag: New York.

[K-WK92] Korn-Wendisch, F., & H. J. Kutzner. 1992. The family Streptomycetaceae. In: Balows, A., H. G. Trüper, M. Dworkin, W. Harder & K.-H. Schleifer (eds) The Prokaryotes: A handbook on the biology of bacteria: Ecophysiology, isolation, identification, applications 2^nd ed. vol. 1 pp. 921–995. Springer-Verlag: New York.

[MN03] Moffitt, M. C., & B. A. Neilan. 2003. Evolutionary affiliations within the superfamily of ketosynthases reflect complex pathway associations. Journal of Molecular Evolution 56: 446-457.

[PHK96] Prescott, L. M., J. P. Harley & D. A. Klein. 1996. Microbiology 3^rd ed. Wm. C. Brown Publishers: Dubuque (Iowa).

[S92] Schaal, K. P. 1992. The genera Actinomyces, Arcanobacterium, and Rothia. In: Balows, A., H. G. Trüper, M. Dworkin, W. Harder & K.-H. Schleifer (eds) The Prokaryotes: A handbook on the biology of bacteria: Ecophysiology, isolation, identification, applications 2^nd ed. vol. 1 pp. 850–905. Springer-Verlag: New York.

[VM03] Vela, A. I., A. Mateos, M. D. Collins, V. briones, R. A. Hutson, L. Domínguez & J. F. Fernández-Garayzábal. 2003. Corynebacterium suicordis sp. nov., from pigs. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 53: 2027–2031.

[Z92] Zumpft, W. G. 1992. The denitrifying prokaryotes. In: Balows, A., H. G. Trüper, M. Dworkin, W. Harder & K.-H. Schleifer (eds) The Prokaryotes: A handbook on the biology of bacteria: Ecophysiology, isolation, identification, applications 2^nd ed. vol. 1 pp. 554–582. Springer-Verlag: New York.